Ying Wang, Jun Wang, Wang Lv, Hu Chen, Qian Yang, Yang Zhang, Run Guo, Xiao-Li Ma, Qian-Yu Zhang
Background: The diagnosis and treatment of depression in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) is challenging, with no ideal treatment at present.
Aim: To analyze the clinical intervention effect of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction (XFZYD) on CHF complicated with depression.
Methods: The study cohort comprised 116 patients with CHF complicated with depression who received treatment from July 2020 to July 2023, of which 55 received Western medicine (control group) and 61 received XFZYD (research group). Data on clinical effectiveness, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score, cardiac function, negative emotions, and serum inflammatory factors, were collected for comparative analyses.
Results: Compared with the control group, the research group had an evidently higher total effective rate. Furthermore, there were marked reductions in TCM symptom score, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, Self-Rating Depression Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the research group after treatment, and these were lower than the corresponding values in the control group. Left ventricular ejection fraction was increased and higher in the research group compared with the control group after treatment.
Conclusion: Our findings conclusively proved that XFZYD was considerably superior to Western medicine for treating CHF complicated with depression because it significantly alleviated patients' symptoms, improved cardiac function, relieved negative emotions, and reduced the levels of serum inflammatory factors.
背景：目的：分析学府指南汤（XFZYD）对慢性心力衰竭并发抑郁症的临床干预效果。方法：研究对象为2020年7月至2023年7月接受治疗的116例慢性心力衰竭并发抑郁症患者，其中55例接受西药治疗（对照组），61例接受XFZYD治疗（研究组）：研究队列包括在2020年7月至2023年7月期间接受治疗的116例CHF并发抑郁症患者，其中55例接受西药治疗（对照组），61例接受XFZYD治疗（研究组）。收集临床疗效、中医证候评分、心功能、负性情绪、血清炎症因子等数据进行对比分析：结果：与对照组相比，研究组的总有效率明显更高。此外，研究组治疗后中医症状评分、左室舒张末期内径、左室收缩末期内径、抑郁自评量表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表、高敏 C 反应蛋白、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1、基质金属蛋白酶-9 均明显下降，且均低于对照组的相应值。研究组治疗后的左心室射血分数增加，且高于对照组：我们的研究结果最终证明，在治疗合并抑郁症的慢性心力衰竭方面，XFZYD明显优于西药，因为它能显著减轻患者的症状，改善心脏功能，缓解负面情绪，降低血清炎症因子的水平。
{"title":"Clinical intervention effect of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction on chronic heart failure complicated with depression.","authors":"Ying Wang, Jun Wang, Wang Lv, Hu Chen, Qian Yang, Yang Zhang, Run Guo, Xiao-Li Ma, Qian-Yu Zhang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i6.857","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i6.857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The diagnosis and treatment of depression in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) is challenging, with no ideal treatment at present.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To analyze the clinical intervention effect of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction (XFZYD) on CHF complicated with depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study cohort comprised 116 patients with CHF complicated with depression who received treatment from July 2020 to July 2023, of which 55 received Western medicine (control group) and 61 received XFZYD (research group). Data on clinical effectiveness, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score, cardiac function, negative emotions, and serum inflammatory factors, were collected for comparative analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control group, the research group had an evidently higher total effective rate. Furthermore, there were marked reductions in TCM symptom score, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, Self-Rating Depression Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the research group after treatment, and these were lower than the corresponding values in the control group. Left ventricular ejection fraction was increased and higher in the research group compared with the control group after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings conclusively proved that XFZYD was considerably superior to Western medicine for treating CHF complicated with depression because it significantly alleviated patients' symptoms, improved cardiac function, relieved negative emotions, and reduced the levels of serum inflammatory factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11230100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The expression pattern of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunits are commonly altered in patients with schizophrenia, which may lead to nerve excitation/inhibition problems, affecting cognition, emotion, and behavior.
Aim: To explore GABA receptor expression and its relationship with schizophrenia and to provide insights into more effective treatments.
Methods: This case-control study enrolled 126 patients with schizophrenia treated at our hospital and 126 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examinations at our hospital during the same period. The expression levels of the GABA receptor subunits were detected using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The recognized cognitive battery tool, the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, was used to evaluate the scores for various dimensions of cognitive function. The correlation between GABA receptor subunit downregulation and schizophrenia was also analyzed.
Results: Significant differences in GABA receptor subunit levels were found between the case and control groups (P < 0.05). A significant difference was also found between the case and control groups in terms of cognitive function measures, including attention/alertness and learning ability (P < 0.05). Specifically, as the expression levels of GABRA1 (α1 subunit gene), GABRB2 (β2 subunit gene), GABRD (δ subunit), and GABRE (ε subunit) decreased, the severity of the patients' condition increased gradually, indicating a positive correlation between the downregulation of these 4 receptor subunits and schizophrenia (P < 0.05). However, the expression levels of GABRA5 (α5 subunit gene) and GABRA6 (α6 subunit gene) showed no significant correlation with schizophrenia (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Downregulation of the GABA receptor subunits is positively correlated with schizophrenia. In other words, when GABA receptor subunits are downregulated in patients, cognitive impairment becomes more severe.
{"title":"Cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia patients caused by down-regulation of γ-aminobutyric acid receptor subunits.","authors":"Xi Chen, Ya-Nan Zhou, Xiao-Zi Lu, Ren-Jiao Li, Yi-Fan Xiong, Xia Sheng, Wei-Wei Zhu","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i6.784","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i6.784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The expression pattern of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunits are commonly altered in patients with schizophrenia, which may lead to nerve excitation/inhibition problems, affecting cognition, emotion, and behavior.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore GABA receptor expression and its relationship with schizophrenia and to provide insights into more effective treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study enrolled 126 patients with schizophrenia treated at our hospital and 126 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examinations at our hospital during the same period. The expression levels of the GABA receptor subunits were detected using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The recognized cognitive battery tool, the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, was used to evaluate the scores for various dimensions of cognitive function. The correlation between GABA receptor subunit downregulation and schizophrenia was also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in GABA receptor subunit levels were found between the case and control groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05). A significant difference was also found between the case and control groups in terms of cognitive function measures, including attention/alertness and learning ability (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Specifically, as the expression levels of GABRA1 (α1 subunit gene), GABRB2 (β2 subunit gene), GABRD (δ subunit), and GABRE (ε subunit) decreased, the severity of the patients' condition increased gradually, indicating a positive correlation between the downregulation of these 4 receptor subunits and schizophrenia (<i>P</i> < 0.05). However, the expression levels of GABRA5 (α5 subunit gene) and GABRA6 (α6 subunit gene) showed no significant correlation with schizophrenia (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Downregulation of the GABA receptor subunits is positively correlated with schizophrenia. In other words, when GABA receptor subunits are downregulated in patients, cognitive impairment becomes more severe.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11230097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jian-Jun Hu, Xi-Rong Sun, Shuang-Ming Ni, Yan Kong
Background: Patients with schizophrenia may have various disease manifestations, most of which gradually tend toward incurable chronic decline, leading to mental disability. The basic symptoms of the disease can impair social function, whereas long-term hospitalization produces hospitalization syndrome, causing serious damage to social function.
Aim: To investigate the effects of Computerized Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CCRT) on cognitive and social functioning in patients with chronic schizophrenia.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of 120 patients with chronic schizophrenia in Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center was performed. They were divided into an intervention group (60 cases treated with CCRT combined with conventional medication) and a control group (60 cases treated with conventional medication). After treatment, effects on cognitive function and social roles were observed in both groups. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess the patients' psychiatric symptoms. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was used to assess the patients' cognitive functioning, and the Social Functioning Scale for Psychiatric Inpatients (SSPI) was used to assess the social functioning of the inpatient psychiatric patients.
Results: No significant differences were observed in the PANSS, WCST, and SSPI intergroup scores before treatment (P > 0.05). After 2, 4, and 6 wk of therapy, general psychopathological factors, positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and total PANSS scores of PANSS in the intervention group were lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). After 2, 4, and 6 wk of treatment, the number of false responses, number of persistent bugs, and total responses in the WCST were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (P < 0.05), and the amount of completed classification was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). After 2, 4, and 6 wk of therapy, the SSPI scores were significantly greater than those of the controls (P < 0.05). After 6 wk of treatment, the efficacy rates of the control and intervention groups were 81.67% and 91.67%, respectively. The curative effect in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: CCRT can significantly improve cognitive function and social abilities in patients with chronic schizophrenia.
{"title":"Computerized cognitive remediation therapy on cognitive impairment and social function in patients with chronic schizophrenia.","authors":"Jian-Jun Hu, Xi-Rong Sun, Shuang-Ming Ni, Yan Kong","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i6.884","DOIUrl":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i6.884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with schizophrenia may have various disease manifestations, most of which gradually tend toward incurable chronic decline, leading to mental disability. The basic symptoms of the disease can impair social function, whereas long-term hospitalization produces hospitalization syndrome, causing serious damage to social function.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the effects of Computerized Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CCRT) on cognitive and social functioning in patients with chronic schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of 120 patients with chronic schizophrenia in Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center was performed. They were divided into an intervention group (60 cases treated with CCRT combined with conventional medication) and a control group (60 cases treated with conventional medication). After treatment, effects on cognitive function and social roles were observed in both groups. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess the patients' psychiatric symptoms. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was used to assess the patients' cognitive functioning, and the Social Functioning Scale for Psychiatric Inpatients (SSPI) was used to assess the social functioning of the inpatient psychiatric patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were observed in the PANSS, WCST, and SSPI intergroup scores before treatment (<i>P</i> > 0.05). After 2, 4, and 6 wk of therapy, general psychopathological factors, positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and total PANSS scores of PANSS in the intervention group were lower than in the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). After 2, 4, and 6 wk of treatment, the number of false responses, number of persistent bugs, and total responses in the WCST were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05), and the amount of completed classification was significantly higher than in the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). After 2, 4, and 6 wk of therapy, the SSPI scores were significantly greater than those of the controls (<i>P</i> < 0.05). After 6 wk of treatment, the efficacy rates of the control and intervention groups were 81.67% and 91.67%, respectively. The curative effect in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CCRT can significantly improve cognitive function and social abilities in patients with chronic schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11230092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Depression, a common mental illness, seriously affects the health of individuals and has deleterious effects on society. The prevention and treatment of depression has drawn the attention of many researchers and has become an important social issue. The treatment strategies for depression include drugs, psychotherapy, and physiotherapy. Drug therapy is ineffective in some patients and psychotherapy has treatment limitations. As a reliable adjuvant therapy, physiotherapy compensates for the shortcomings of drug and psychotherapy and effectively reduces the disease recurrence rate. Physiotherapy is more scientific and rigorous, its methods are diverse, and to a certain extent, provides more choices for the treatment of depression. Physiotherapy can relieve symptoms in many ways, such as by improving the levels of neurobiochemical molecules, inhibiting the inflammatory response, regulating the neuroendocrine system, and increasing neuroplasticity. Physiotherapy has biological effects similar to those of antidepressants and may produce a superimposed impact when combined with other treatments. This article summarizes the findings on the use of physiotherapy to treat patients with depression over the past five years. It also discusses several methods of physiotherapy for treating depression from the aspects of clinical effect, mechanism of action, and disadvantages, thereby serving as a reference for the in-depth development of physiotherapy research.
{"title":"Physiotherapy for patients with depression: Recent research progress","authors":"Hui-Ling Liu, Jing Sun, Shi-Feng Meng, Ning Sun","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.635","url":null,"abstract":"Depression, a common mental illness, seriously affects the health of individuals and has deleterious effects on society. The prevention and treatment of depression has drawn the attention of many researchers and has become an important social issue. The treatment strategies for depression include drugs, psychotherapy, and physiotherapy. Drug therapy is ineffective in some patients and psychotherapy has treatment limitations. As a reliable adjuvant therapy, physiotherapy compensates for the shortcomings of drug and psychotherapy and effectively reduces the disease recurrence rate. Physiotherapy is more scientific and rigorous, its methods are diverse, and to a certain extent, provides more choices for the treatment of depression. Physiotherapy can relieve symptoms in many ways, such as by improving the levels of neurobiochemical molecules, inhibiting the inflammatory response, regulating the neuroendocrine system, and increasing neuroplasticity. Physiotherapy has biological effects similar to those of antidepressants and may produce a superimposed impact when combined with other treatments. This article summarizes the findings on the use of physiotherapy to treat patients with depression over the past five years. It also discusses several methods of physiotherapy for treating depression from the aspects of clinical effect, mechanism of action, and disadvantages, thereby serving as a reference for the in-depth development of physiotherapy research.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND Depression is a common and serious psychological condition, which seriously affects individual well-being and functional ability. Traditional treatment methods include drug therapy and psychological counseling; however, these methods have different degrees of side effects and limitations. In recent years, nonconvulsive electrotherapy (NET) has attracted increasing attention as a noninvasive treatment method. However, the clinical efficacy and potential mechanism of NET on depression are still unclear. We hypothesized that NET has a positive clinical effect in the treatment of depression, and may have a regulatory effect on serum inflammatory factors during treatment. AIM To assess the effects of NET on depression and analyze changes in serum inflammatory factors. METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 140 patients undergoing treatment for depression between May 2017 and June 2022, the observation group that received a combination of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and NET treatment (n = 70) and the control group that only received MBSR therapy (n = 70). The clinical effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by assessing various factors, including the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)-17, self-rating idea of suicide scale (SSIOS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and levels of serum inflammatory factors before and after 8 wk of treatment. The quality of life scores between the two groups were compared. Comparisons were made using t and χ2 tests. RESULTS After 8 wk of treatment, the observation group exhibited a 91.43% overall effectiveness rate which was higher than that of the control group which was 74.29% (64 vs 52, χ2 = 7.241; P < 0.05). The HAMD, SSIOS, and PSQI scores showed a significant decrease in both groups. Moreover, the observation group had lower scores than the control group (10.37 ± 2.04 vs 14.02 ± 2.16, t = 10.280; 1.67 ±0.28 vs 0.87 ± 0.12, t = 21.970; 5.29 ± 1.33 vs 7.94 ± 1.35, t = 11.700; P both < 0.001). Additionally, there was a notable decrease in the IL-2, IL-1β, and IL-6 in both groups after treatment. Furthermore, the observation group exhibited superior serum inflammatory factors compared to the control group (70.12 ± 10.32 vs 102.24 ± 20.21, t = 11.840; 19.35 ± 2.46 vs 22.27 ± 2.13, t = 7.508; 32.25 ± 4.6 vs 39.42 ± 4.23, t = 9.565; P both < 0.001). Moreover, the observation group exhibited significantly improved quality of life scores compared to the control group (Social function: 19.25 ± 2.76 vs 16.23 ± 2.34; Emotions: 18.54 ± 2.83 vs 12.28 ± 2.16; Environment: 18.49 ± 2.48 vs 16.56 ± 3.44; Physical health: 19.53 ± 2.39 vs 16.62 ± 3.46; P both < 0.001) after treatment. CONCLUSION MBSR combined with NET effectively alleviates depression, lowers inflammation (IL-2, IL-1β, and IL-6), reduces suicidal thoughts, enhances sleep, and improves the quality of life of individuals with depression.
背景抑郁症是一种常见的严重心理疾病，严重影响个人的幸福感和工作能力。传统的治疗方法包括药物治疗和心理咨询，但这些方法都存在不同程度的副作用和局限性。近年来，非抽搐电疗法（NET）作为一种非侵入性治疗方法越来越受到人们的关注。然而，NET 对抑郁症的临床疗效和潜在机制仍不清楚。我们假设，NET 对治疗抑郁症有积极的临床效果，并可能在治疗过程中对血清炎症因子有调节作用。目的 评估NET对抑郁症的影响，并分析血清炎症因子的变化。方法 该回顾性研究共纳入了2017年5月至2022年6月期间接受抑郁症治疗的140例患者，观察组接受正念减压（MBSR）和NET联合治疗（n = 70），对照组仅接受MBSR治疗（n = 70）。通过评估各种因素，包括汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）-17、自杀意念自评量表（SSIOS）、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）以及治疗 8 周前后的血清炎症因子水平，来评估治疗的临床效果。对两组患者的生活质量评分进行比较。比较采用 t 和 χ2 检验。结果 治疗 8 周后，观察组总有效率为 91.43%，高于对照组的 74.29%（64 vs 52，χ2 = 7.241；P < 0.05）。两组的 HAMD、SSIOS 和 PSQI 评分均显著下降。此外，观察组的得分低于对照组（10.37 ± 2.04 vs 14.02 ± 2.16，t = 10.280；1.67 ± 0.28 vs 0.87 ± 0.12，t = 21.970；5.29 ± 1.33 vs 7.94 ± 1.35，t = 11.700；P 均 < 0.001）。此外，治疗后两组的 IL-2、IL-1β 和 IL-6 均显著下降。此外，观察组的血清炎症因子优于对照组（70.12 ± 10.32 vs 102.24 ± 20.21，t = 11.840；19.35 ± 2.46 vs 22.27 ± 2.13，t = 7.508；32.25 ± 4.6 vs 39.42 ± 4.23，t = 9.565；P 均<0.001）。此外，与对照组相比，观察组的生活质量得分明显提高（社会功能：19.25 ± 2.76 vs 39.42 ± 4.23；P 均<0.001）：社会功能：19.25 ± 2.76 vs 16.23 ± 2.34；情绪：18.54 ± 2.83 vs 16.23 ± 2.34：18.54 ± 2.83 vs 12.28 ± 2.16；环境：环境：18.49 ± 2.48 vs 16.56 ± 3.44；身体健康：19.53 ± 2.39 vs 16.62 ± 3.46；P 均小于 0.001）。结论 MBSR结合NET能有效缓解抑郁，降低炎症（IL-2、IL-1β和IL-6），减少自杀念头，改善睡眠，提高抑郁症患者的生活质量。
{"title":"Clinical effects of nonconvulsive electrotherapy combined with mindfulness-based stress reduction and changes of serum inflammatory factors in depression","authors":"Zhi-Wen Gu, Chun-Ping Zhang, Li-Ping Chen, Xiong Huang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.653","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Depression is a common and serious psychological condition, which seriously affects individual well-being and functional ability. Traditional treatment methods include drug therapy and psychological counseling; however, these methods have different degrees of side effects and limitations. In recent years, nonconvulsive electrotherapy (NET) has attracted increasing attention as a noninvasive treatment method. However, the clinical efficacy and potential mechanism of NET on depression are still unclear. We hypothesized that NET has a positive clinical effect in the treatment of depression, and may have a regulatory effect on serum inflammatory factors during treatment.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To assess the effects of NET on depression and analyze changes in serum inflammatory factors.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 This retrospective study enrolled 140 patients undergoing treatment for depression between May 2017 and June 2022, the observation group that received a combination of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and NET treatment (n = 70) and the control group that only received MBSR therapy (n = 70). The clinical effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by assessing various factors, including the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)-17, self-rating idea of suicide scale (SSIOS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and levels of serum inflammatory factors before and after 8 wk of treatment. The quality of life scores between the two groups were compared. Comparisons were made using t and χ2 tests.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 After 8 wk of treatment, the observation group exhibited a 91.43% overall effectiveness rate which was higher than that of the control group which was 74.29% (64 vs 52, χ2 = 7.241; P < 0.05). The HAMD, SSIOS, and PSQI scores showed a significant decrease in both groups. Moreover, the observation group had lower scores than the control group (10.37 ± 2.04 vs 14.02 ± 2.16, t = 10.280; 1.67 ±0.28 vs 0.87 ± 0.12, t = 21.970; 5.29 ± 1.33 vs 7.94 ± 1.35, t = 11.700; P both < 0.001). Additionally, there was a notable decrease in the IL-2, IL-1β, and IL-6 in both groups after treatment. Furthermore, the observation group exhibited superior serum inflammatory factors compared to the control group (70.12 ± 10.32 vs 102.24 ± 20.21, t = 11.840; 19.35 ± 2.46 vs 22.27 ± 2.13, t = 7.508; 32.25 ± 4.6 vs 39.42 ± 4.23, t = 9.565; P both < 0.001). Moreover, the observation group exhibited significantly improved quality of life scores compared to the control group (Social function: 19.25 ± 2.76 vs 16.23 ± 2.34; Emotions: 18.54 ± 2.83 vs 12.28 ± 2.16; Environment: 18.49 ± 2.48 vs 16.56 ± 3.44; Physical health: 19.53 ± 2.39 vs 16.62 ± 3.46; P both < 0.001) after treatment.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 MBSR combined with NET effectively alleviates depression, lowers inflammation (IL-2, IL-1β, and IL-6), reduces suicidal thoughts, enhances sleep, and improves the quality of life of individuals with depression.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND The intensive care unit (ICU) is a specialized hospital department. Awake patients in the ICU frequently encounter adverse psychological states, such as anxiety and fear, often accompanied by poor sleep quality. This situation has garnered significant attention within the medical community. AIM To investigate the impact of prospective nursing intervention strategies on the sleep quality and negative emotional state of conscious ICU patients. METHODS One hundred and twenty ICU awake patients admitted to our hospital were selected and randomly divided into control (n = 60) and observation (n = 60) groups. Patients in the control group were cared for using the conventional nursing model, while patients in the observation group were cared for using the prospective nursing model. Sleep improvement was assessed using the International Standardized Sleep Efficiency Formula and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The PSQI, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, Self-Depression Scale (SDS), and satisfaction before and after treatment were used to assess the negative emotional states of patients under the two care models. RESULTS Patient satisfaction in the observation group was significantly higher than in the control group. The GAD-7 and SDS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the total effective rate of sleep improvement in the observation group was significantly higher than in the control group. After treatment, the PSQI scores of the two groups significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The decrease in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. CONCLUSION Prospective nursing interventions can improve sleep quality and psychological levels and significantly affect conscious patients in the ICU, which is worthy of clinical application.
{"title":"Effects of strengthening prospective nursing practice on sleep quality, anxiety, and depression of awake patients in intensive care unit","authors":"Fei Lin, Lei Liu","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.735","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 The intensive care unit (ICU) is a specialized hospital department. Awake patients in the ICU frequently encounter adverse psychological states, such as anxiety and fear, often accompanied by poor sleep quality. This situation has garnered significant attention within the medical community.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To investigate the impact of prospective nursing intervention strategies on the sleep quality and negative emotional state of conscious ICU patients.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 One hundred and twenty ICU awake patients admitted to our hospital were selected and randomly divided into control (n = 60) and observation (n = 60) groups. Patients in the control group were cared for using the conventional nursing model, while patients in the observation group were cared for using the prospective nursing model. Sleep improvement was assessed using the International Standardized Sleep Efficiency Formula and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The PSQI, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, Self-Depression Scale (SDS), and satisfaction before and after treatment were used to assess the negative emotional states of patients under the two care models.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 Patient satisfaction in the observation group was significantly higher than in the control group. The GAD-7 and SDS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the total effective rate of sleep improvement in the observation group was significantly higher than in the control group. After treatment, the PSQI scores of the two groups significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The decrease in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 Prospective nursing interventions can improve sleep quality and psychological levels and significantly affect conscious patients in the ICU, which is worthy of clinical application.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND The management of offenders with mental disorders has been a significant concern in forensic psychiatry. In Japan, the introduction of the Medical Treatment and Supervision Act in 2005 addressed the issue. However, numerous psychiatric patients at risk of violence still find themselves subject to the administrative involuntary hospitalization (AIH) scheme, which lacks clarity and updated standards. AIM To explore current as well as optimized learning strategies for risk assessment in AIH decision making. METHODS We conducted a questionnaire survey among designated psychiatrists to explore their experiences and expectations regarding training methods for psychiatric assessments of offenders with mental disorders. RESULTS The findings of this study’s survey suggest a prevalent reliance on traditional learning approaches such as oral education and on-the-job training. CONCLUSION This underscores the pressing need for structured training protocols in AIH consultations. Moreover, feedback derived from inpatient treatment experiences is identified as a crucial element for enhancing risk assessment skills.
{"title":"Need for education of psychiatric evaluation of offenders with mental disorders: A questionnaire survey for Japanese designated psychiatrists","authors":"A. Shiina, T. Niitsu, M. Iyo, Chiyo Fujii","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.726","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 The management of offenders with mental disorders has been a significant concern in forensic psychiatry. In Japan, the introduction of the Medical Treatment and Supervision Act in 2005 addressed the issue. However, numerous psychiatric patients at risk of violence still find themselves subject to the administrative involuntary hospitalization (AIH) scheme, which lacks clarity and updated standards.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To explore current as well as optimized learning strategies for risk assessment in AIH decision making.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 We conducted a questionnaire survey among designated psychiatrists to explore their experiences and expectations regarding training methods for psychiatric assessments of offenders with mental disorders.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 The findings of this study’s survey suggest a prevalent reliance on traditional learning approaches such as oral education and on-the-job training.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 This underscores the pressing need for structured training protocols in AIH consultations. Moreover, feedback derived from inpatient treatment experiences is identified as a crucial element for enhancing risk assessment skills.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND Cerebral infarction (CI) is characterized by a high prevalence, disability, and mortality. Timely or improper treatment greatly affects patient prognosis. AIM To explore the drug efficacy of aspirin plus edaravone and to explore their effect on quality of life (QOL), anxiety and depression in CI patients. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the records of 124 CI patients treated between June 2019 and February 2021 who were assigned to an observation group (OG) (combination therapy of aspirin and edaravone, 65 patients) or a control group (CG) (aspirin monotherapy, 59 patients). The therapeutic effects, pre- and posttreatment National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, activities of daily living, degree of cognitive impairment, protein levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100B, occurrence of adverse reactions, and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were evaluated, detected and compared between the two groups. Finally, posttreatment QOL, anxiety, and depression were assessed by the Medical Outcomes Study 36- Item Short Form Health Survey Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), respectively. RESULTS Compared with the CG, the OG had markedly better therapeutic effects, greater improvements in activities of daily living, and better alleviation in cognitive dysfunction after treatment, as well as lower posttreatment NIHSS scores and serum NSE, GFAP, S-100B, hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels; the OG was similar to the CG in terms of adverse reactions but was better than the CG in terms of posttreatment QOL; and the OG also had lower SDS and SAS scores than the CG after treatment. CONCLUSION Aspirin plus edaravone had a good curative effect on CI. It can reverse cranial nerve damage in patients, improve neurological function and prognosis, and alleviate inflammation, anxiety, and depression; thus, it is considered safe and worthy of clinical application.
背景 脑梗塞（CI）具有发病率高、致残率高和死亡率高的特点。治疗是否及时或不当对患者的预后有很大影响。目的 探讨阿司匹林联合依达拉奉的药物疗效，并探讨其对 CI 患者生活质量（QOL）、焦虑和抑郁的影响。方法 我们回顾性分析了2019年6月至2021年2月期间接受治疗的124例CI患者的病历，这些患者被分配到观察组（OG）（阿司匹林和依达拉奉联合治疗，65例患者）或对照组（CG）（阿司匹林单药治疗，59例患者）。对两组患者的治疗效果、治疗前后美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）评分、日常生活能力、认知障碍程度、神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）和 S-100B 蛋白水平、不良反应发生率、血清高敏 C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、白细胞介素（IL）-6 和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α 进行评估、检测和比较。最后，分别采用医学结果研究 36 项简式健康调查量表、抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）对治疗后的 QOL、焦虑和抑郁进行评估。结果 与CG相比，OG治疗后的疗效明显更好，日常生活活动得到更大改善，认知功能障碍得到更好缓解，治疗后NIHSS评分和血清NSE、GFAP、S-100B、hs-CRP、IL-6和TNF-α水平更低；OG在不良反应方面与CG相似，但在治疗后QOL方面优于CG；OG治疗后的SDS和SAS评分也低于CG。结论 阿司匹林联合依达拉奉对 CI 有良好的疗效。它可以逆转患者的颅神经损伤，改善神经功能和预后，缓解炎症、焦虑和抑郁，因此被认为是安全的，值得临床应用。
{"title":"Therapeutic effect and psychological impact of aspirin plus edaravone on patients with cerebral infarction","authors":"Tian-Shu Wang, Li-Jun Jing","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.644","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Cerebral infarction (CI) is characterized by a high prevalence, disability, and mortality. Timely or improper treatment greatly affects patient prognosis.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To explore the drug efficacy of aspirin plus edaravone and to explore their effect on quality of life (QOL), anxiety and depression in CI patients.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 We retrospectively analyzed the records of 124 CI patients treated between June 2019 and February 2021 who were assigned to an observation group (OG) (combination therapy of aspirin and edaravone, 65 patients) or a control group (CG) (aspirin monotherapy, 59 patients). The therapeutic effects, pre- and posttreatment National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, activities of daily living, degree of cognitive impairment, protein levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100B, occurrence of adverse reactions, and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were evaluated, detected and compared between the two groups. Finally, posttreatment QOL, anxiety, and depression were assessed by the Medical Outcomes Study 36- Item Short Form Health Survey Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), respectively.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 Compared with the CG, the OG had markedly better therapeutic effects, greater improvements in activities of daily living, and better alleviation in cognitive dysfunction after treatment, as well as lower posttreatment NIHSS scores and serum NSE, GFAP, S-100B, hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels; the OG was similar to the CG in terms of adverse reactions but was better than the CG in terms of posttreatment QOL; and the OG also had lower SDS and SAS scores than the CG after treatment.\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 Aspirin plus edaravone had a good curative effect on CI. It can reverse cranial nerve damage in patients, improve neurological function and prognosis, and alleviate inflammation, anxiety, and depression; thus, it is considered safe and worthy of clinical application.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wen-peng Hou, Xiang-Qin Qin, Wei-Wei Hou, Yun-Yi Han, Qi-Jing Bo, Fang Dong, F. Zhou, Xian-Bin Li, Chuan-Yue Wang
BACKGROUND Cognitive reserve (CR) and the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT ) Val/Met polymorphism are reportedly linked to negative symptoms in schizophrenia. However, the regulatory effect of the COMT genotype on the relationship between CR and negative symptoms is still unexamined. AIM To investigate whether the relationship between CR and negative symptoms could be regulated by the COMT Val/Met polymorphism. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 54 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia underwent assessments for the COMT genotype, CR, and negative symptoms. CR was estimated using scores in the information and similarities subtests of a short form of the Chinese version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. RESULTS COMT Met-carriers exhibited fewer negative symptoms than Val homozygotes. In the total sample, significant negative correlations were found between negative symptoms and information, similarities. Associations between information, similarities and negative symptoms were observed in Val homozygotes only, with information and similarities showing interaction effects with the COMT genotype in relation to negative symptoms (information, β = -0.282, 95%CI: -0.552 to -0.011, P = 0.042; similarities, β = -0.250, 95%CI: -0.495 to -0.004, P = 0.046). CONCLUSION This study provides initial evidence that the association between negative symptoms and CR is under the regulation of the COMT genotype in schizophrenia.
{"title":"Interaction between catechol-O-methyltransferase Val/Met polymorphism and cognitive reserve for negative symptoms in schizophrenia","authors":"Wen-peng Hou, Xiang-Qin Qin, Wei-Wei Hou, Yun-Yi Han, Qi-Jing Bo, Fang Dong, F. Zhou, Xian-Bin Li, Chuan-Yue Wang","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.695","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000 Cognitive reserve (CR) and the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT ) Val/Met polymorphism are reportedly linked to negative symptoms in schizophrenia. However, the regulatory effect of the COMT genotype on the relationship between CR and negative symptoms is still unexamined.\u0000 AIM\u0000 To investigate whether the relationship between CR and negative symptoms could be regulated by the COMT Val/Met polymorphism.\u0000 METHODS\u0000 In a cross-sectional study, 54 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia underwent assessments for the COMT genotype, CR, and negative symptoms. CR was estimated using scores in the information and similarities subtests of a short form of the Chinese version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.\u0000 RESULTS\u0000 COMT Met-carriers exhibited fewer negative symptoms than Val homozygotes. In the total sample, significant negative correlations were found between negative symptoms and information, similarities. Associations between information, similarities and negative symptoms were observed in Val homozygotes only, with information and similarities showing interaction effects with the COMT genotype in relation to negative symptoms (information, β = -0.282, 95%CI: -0.552 to -0.011, P = 0.042; similarities, β = -0.250, 95%CI: -0.495 to -0.004, P = 0.046).\u0000 CONCLUSION\u0000 This study provides initial evidence that the association between negative symptoms and CR is under the regulation of the COMT genotype in schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Ahmed Mohamed, Steven Faragalla, Asad Khan, Garrett Flynn, Gersham Rainone, Phillip M. Johansen, Brandon Lucke-Wold
Dystonia characterizes a group of neurological movement disorders characterized by abnormal muscle movements, often with repetitive or sustained contraction resulting in abnormal posturing. Different types of dystonia present based on the affected body regions and play a prominent role in determining the potential efficacy of a given intervention. For most patients afflicted with these disorders, an exact cause is rarely identified, so treatment mainly focuses on symptomatic alleviation. Pharmacological agents, such as oral anticholinergic administration and botulinum toxin injection, play a major role in the initial treatment of patients. In more severe and/or refractory cases, focal areas for neurosurgical intervention are identified and targeted to improve quality of life. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) targets these anatomical locations to minimize dystonia symptoms. Surgical ablation procedures and peripheral denervation surgeries also offer potential treatment to patients who do not respond to DBS. These management options grant providers and patients the ability to weigh the benefits and risks for each individual patient profile. This review article explores these pharmacological and neurosurgical management modalities for dystonia, providing a comprehensive assessment of each of their benefits and shortcomings.
{"title":"Neurosurgical and pharmacological management of dystonia","authors":"Ali Ahmed Mohamed, Steven Faragalla, Asad Khan, Garrett Flynn, Gersham Rainone, Phillip M. Johansen, Brandon Lucke-Wold","doi":"10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i5.624","url":null,"abstract":"Dystonia characterizes a group of neurological movement disorders characterized by abnormal muscle movements, often with repetitive or sustained contraction resulting in abnormal posturing. Different types of dystonia present based on the affected body regions and play a prominent role in determining the potential efficacy of a given intervention. For most patients afflicted with these disorders, an exact cause is rarely identified, so treatment mainly focuses on symptomatic alleviation. Pharmacological agents, such as oral anticholinergic administration and botulinum toxin injection, play a major role in the initial treatment of patients. In more severe and/or refractory cases, focal areas for neurosurgical intervention are identified and targeted to improve quality of life. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) targets these anatomical locations to minimize dystonia symptoms. Surgical ablation procedures and peripheral denervation surgeries also offer potential treatment to patients who do not respond to DBS. These management options grant providers and patients the ability to weigh the benefits and risks for each individual patient profile. This review article explores these pharmacological and neurosurgical management modalities for dystonia, providing a comprehensive assessment of each of their benefits and shortcomings.","PeriodicalId":23896,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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