中华口腔医学杂志最新文献

Pre-eruptive intra-coronal resorption is a rare intra-coronal dental disorder that typically emerges prior to tooth eruption. The radiological images show a well-demarcated low-density translucent area within the dentin adjacent to the enamel-dentin junction. This lesion is often accidentally discovered by radiological examinations. It may even progress to enamel and the dentin of the root. Currently, there is a considerable variation in the reported prevalence of this lesion. Its pathogenic mechanisms have not been fully revealed, and there is lack of systematic clinical management strategies. This article provides a comprehensive review of the pre-eruptive intra-coronal resorption, and aims as a reference for dentists to improve their understanding of this lesion, and to facilitate its early detection, early diagnosis and timely treatment.

Oral rare diseases are a group of disorders characterized by distinct oral and craniofacial manifestations. These conditions are featured by low prevalence, high genetic and clinical heterogeneity, and great challenges in diagnosis and treatment. They can severely impair the development and physiological functions, posing substantial risks to both physical and mental health. In recent years, rapid advancements in genetics, molecular biology, and regenerative medicine have led to notable progress in the research of oral rare diseases. This review summarizes the current research landscape in this field, focusing on causative genes and mechanisms, diagnostic technologies, therapeutic approaches, clinical research, and digital innovations. It also discusses the existing challenges, aiming to promote further research and clinical translation in the field of oral rare diseases.

Objective: To preliminarily investigate the role of methylation in the epigenetic regulation of the pathogenesis of non-syndromic orofacial clefts (NSOC), and to address the gaps in previous explorations of susceptibility genes associated with NSOC. Methods: We conducted an association analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genes related to methylation using data from a large-scale genome-wide association study involving Han Chinese patients with non-syndromic orofacial clefts and healthy controls. Results: A significant association was found between NSOC and the DNA methylation gene TET1, as well as the histone methylation gene NSD1. Specifically, the minor allele G of rs3733875 significantly increased the risk of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCLP) (P=1.18×10^-4, OR=1.292), while the minor allele C of rs10998379 elevated the risk of non-syndromic cleft palate only (NSCPO) (P=7.29×10^-5, OR=1.268); conversely, the minor allele T of rs4558056 was identified as a protective factor for NSCL/P (P=1.17×10^-4, OR=0.792). Conclusions: This study revealed that the DNA methylation gene TET1 and the histone methylation gene NSD1 are associated with NSOC. The pathogenesis of NSOC involves interactions among multiple factors, including genetic, environmental, and epigenetic determinants, among which methylation modifications represent a crucial component.

The low prevalence and complex clinical characteristics of oral rare diseases make their diagnosis and treatment difficult in clinical practice. The publication of "The first edition of oral rare diseases list" in 2020 provides the important references for the diagnosis and treatment of such diseases. In order to further expand and improve the scope of oral rare diseases, this second version of oral rare diseases list has newly included 9 groups and 454 types of diseases with different degrees or kinds of oral craniofacial features, and provides the Chinese and English disease names and online Mendelian Inheritance in Man classification numbers,as well as short descriptions. We also revised eight items in the first edition. The whole contents have been reviewed by the committee members of the Society of Oral Genetic Diseases and Rare Diseases, Chinese Stomatological Association. The diseases on the first and second list together forms the whole system of oral rare diseases.

Objective: To investigate the effects of nine polishing protocols on the bonding interface of three types of resin-based ceramic onlays, aiming to identify efficient and reasonable polishing procedures for each type of resin-based ceramic. Methods: Forty-six extracted molars were selected and symmetrically sectioned mesiodistally (n=92). Box-shaped cavities of 2 mm depth were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of the molars. Then the samples were randomly divided into four groups (n=23): LU group (Lava Ultimate), VE group (Vita Enamic), H group (Zirconia-Reinforced Resin-Based Ceramic), and Si group (glass ceramic). Each group was further subdivided into nine subgroups (n=5) based on polishing tools (tungsten carbide bur A, silicone polisher polishing paste B, EVE polishing kit C) and time (60、90、120 s). The surface roughness (Sa) of the bonding interface was measured using white light interferometry and statistically analyzed. One sample from each group was randomly selected for surface morphology observation using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and elemental composition was analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Results: Different polishing protocols significantly reduced the Sa values (P<0.05), except for LU-B1, LU-C2, Si-A3, and Si-B2, which showed no significant difference before and after polishing (P>0.05). For VE and Si groups, the Sa values were: C1>B1>A1, with no significant difference among them (P>0.05). For the LU group, the Sa values were: B1>C3>A2, with A2 showing the lowest surface roughness, significantly different from B1 and C3 (P<0.05). For the H group, the Sa values were: C1>B2>A1, with C1 showing the highest surface roughness, significantly different from A1 (P<0.05), while A1 and B2 showed similar surface roughness (P>0.05).SEM observations revealed that the yellow bur left deep and long scratches on the molar surface. Different polishing protocols gradually smoothed and homogenized the surface, with the bonding agent interface becoming relatively blurred. Deep pits were more common in the bonding agent area, and some samples (LU-A1, LU-A2, VE-A2) showed adhesive overflow. Conclusions: Vita Enamic is recommended to be polished with a tungsten carbide bur or silicone polisher polishing paste for 60 seconds to achieve clinically acceptable surface roughness and a smooth surface morphology.Lava Ultimate is recommended to be polished with a tungsten carbide bur for 90 seconds to achieve optimal polishing results. Hyramic is recommended to be polished with a tungsten carbide bur for 60 seconds to achieve good polishing results.

Modern Chinese dental societies have been a crucial part of the progress of stomatology in China, serving as both witnesses and key drivers of its development. By reviewing historical materials related to these societies, this paper focuses on analyzing their establishment background, developmental stages, overall scale, and major activities. The findings reveal that dental societies exhibited regional, phased, professional, and academic characteristics. Furthermore, the study highlights their contributions to strengthening dental education, promoting standardization within the industry, facilitating academic exchanges, and advocating for the integration of oral and systemic health. This research enriches the study of modern Chinese stomatology history.

Periodontitis, a common chronic inflammatory disease, progressively damages the supporting tissues of teeth, ultimately resulting in tooth loss. The rising incidence of periodontitis in adults has prompted researchers to observe a frequent co-occurrence of mental health disorders (such as anxiety disorders, depression disorders) in patients undergoing periodontitis onset and treatment. The existence of severe periodontitis can even aggravate the mental and psychological disorders of patients. Furthermore, the long-term fast-paced, high-pressure modern life is easy to cause a series of psychological problems, in turn affecting the occurrence and development of periodontitis. At present, researchers have reported the correlation between periodontitis and anxiety disorders/depression disorders. However, due to the lack of systematic understanding, most of them are clinical investigations or epidemiological statistics without deep mechanism studies. In view of the above problems, this article elucidates the bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and depression/anxiety disorders in recent years by examining recent epidemiological findings, exploring potential bidirectional pathogenic mechanisms, and discussing current treatment strategies. Ultimately, this review seeks to provide new perspectives for improving both oral and mental health outcomes in patients affected by periodontitis and anxiety/depression disorders.

Non-syndromic cleft palate only is one of the most common congenital craniofacial malformations, arising from complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. In recent years, animal models have been extensively utilized in cleft palate research, especially in conjunction with multi-omics technologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing, transcriptomics, proteomics, and epigenomics. These approaches have revealed multidimensional molecular mechanisms underlying cleft palate formation. Animal models provide valuable data for investigating gene regulation and intercellular communication during palatogenesis, offering theoretical foundations for the development of novel early diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the application of animal models in cleft palate research, with a particular focus on their integration with multi-omics techniques. We discuss how these technologies contribute to uncovering the pathogenic mechanisms of cleft palate and advancing early diagnosis and intervention approaches. Furthermore, we explore the challenges and prospects involved in translating these research findings into clinical applications.