A 03-months feeding experiment was designed to study the effects of partial and full dietary substitution of fish meal and soybean meal with sunflower meal (SFM) on growth performance, feed consumption, body indices, serum chemistry and intestine morphology of Oreochromis niloticus. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric dietary treatments: T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 were prepared by supplementing SFM at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% respectively and fed to fish (4 ± 0.07 g) in triplicates. The growth performance and feed consumption in O. niloticus was significantly (p < 0.05) improved and body indices was significantly reduced in groups fed with T1 (control), T2 and T3 however, survival rate was remained unaffected among all dietary treatments. Significantly increased whole-body protein, serum total protein and albumin content was found in groups fed with T1 (control), T2 and T3, compared to T4 and T5 groups whereas, whole-body lipid content was significantly elevated in T5 group. In contrast, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (SGOT) activity was significantly elevated in groups fed with T4 and T5. Additionally, serum triglycerides and cholesterol level were significantly increased in group T1 compared to other groups however, glucose and creatinine were not affected by dietary treatments. Uran`s pooled score for intestinal histology was significantly increased in SFM supplemented treatments as compared to control group. In conclusion, replacement of SBM with SFM up to 50% is possible without negative impacts on growth performance and health status of O. niloticus.
{"title":"Effects of Partial and Full Dietary Substitution of Fish Meal and Soybean Meal by Sunflower Meal on Growth Performance, Feed Consumption, Body Indices, Serum Chemistry and Intestine Morphology of Oreochromis niloticus","authors":"M. Iqbal, A. Yaqub, M. Ayub","doi":"10.4194/trjfas20784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas20784","url":null,"abstract":"A 03-months feeding experiment was designed to study the effects of partial and full dietary substitution of fish meal and soybean meal with sunflower meal (SFM) on growth performance, feed consumption, body indices, serum chemistry and intestine morphology of Oreochromis niloticus. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric dietary treatments: T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 were prepared by supplementing SFM at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% respectively and fed to fish (4 ± 0.07 g) in triplicates. The growth performance and feed consumption in O. niloticus was significantly (p < 0.05) improved and body indices was significantly reduced in groups fed with T1 (control), T2 and T3 however, survival rate was remained unaffected among all dietary treatments. Significantly increased whole-body protein, serum total protein and albumin content was found in groups fed with T1 (control), T2 and T3, compared to T4 and T5 groups whereas, whole-body lipid content was significantly elevated in T5 group. In contrast, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (SGOT) activity was significantly elevated in groups fed with T4 and T5. Additionally, serum triglycerides and cholesterol level were significantly increased in group T1 compared to other groups however, glucose and creatinine were not affected by dietary treatments. Uran`s pooled score for intestinal histology was significantly increased in SFM supplemented treatments as compared to control group. In conclusion, replacement of SBM with SFM up to 50% is possible without negative impacts on growth performance and health status of O. niloticus.","PeriodicalId":23978,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47401702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Safak Seyhaneyildiz Can, Elif Seyhaneyildiz, M. Dorucu
The blue-green algae Spirulina platensis Geitler 1925 has been used by people since ancient times due to its high protein content. This study was conducted to determine the effect of a Probiotic-Prebiotic (P-P) product, which contains Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium thermophilum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides as probiotic bacteria, and beta-glucan and oligosaccharide as a prebiotic mixture on S. platensis. In the study, four groups were one of which was a control. In this study, we investigated whether the P-P product contributed to the biomass development and protein production of S. platensis under different temperatures and lighting conditions. In terms of biomass, the P-P product gave different responses at different temperatures and light intensities, but its results were positive in all groups in terms of protein ratio. The most positive effect on biomass and protein content was in the group where 0.1 ml/L P-P product was added, at 40°C and 3200 lux with 68.71% protein content and an average OD of 0.727.
{"title":"The Effects of Probiotic-Prebiotic on the Biomass and Protein Content of Spirulina platensis in Different Temperatures and Illuminations","authors":"Safak Seyhaneyildiz Can, Elif Seyhaneyildiz, M. Dorucu","doi":"10.4194/trjfas20844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas20844","url":null,"abstract":"The blue-green algae Spirulina platensis Geitler 1925 has been used by people since ancient times due to its high protein content. This study was conducted to determine the effect of a Probiotic-Prebiotic (P-P) product, which contains Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium thermophilum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides as probiotic bacteria, and beta-glucan and oligosaccharide as a prebiotic mixture on S. platensis. In the study, four groups were one of which was a control. In this study, we investigated whether the P-P product contributed to the biomass development and protein production of S. platensis under different temperatures and lighting conditions. In terms of biomass, the P-P product gave different responses at different temperatures and light intensities, but its results were positive in all groups in terms of protein ratio. The most positive effect on biomass and protein content was in the group where 0.1 ml/L P-P product was added, at 40°C and 3200 lux with 68.71% protein content and an average OD of 0.727.","PeriodicalId":23978,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42447390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present work assessed the seasonal changes in germ cells (GC) and the maturation of rohu, Labeo rohita and tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Here, we showed two species representing two diverse types of spawning behavior, having two distinct GC proliferation and spawning patterns. During July, a single peak spawning season for rohu was recorded with the highest GSI (female: 19.5±1.29 and male 4.2±0.24), which is the peak monsoon time in Eastern India. However, two peak spawning seasons were marked in tilapia during the pre-monsoon (April) and post-monsoon (October) period with GSI values of male: 0.9±0.21, female: 3.9±1.32 and male: 1.1±0.3, female: 4.4±1.1 respectively. Gonadal histology in synchrony with GSI provides insights into the effects of various seasonal climate changes on the reproductive status of fish. Further, GC ultra-structure revealed various development stages in rohu and tilapia in different seasons using a scanning electron microscope. Here, comparative models were proposed for GC proliferation and maturation during different parts of the year in rohu and tilapia that may be used to plan breeding programs and hatchery management of these two species.
{"title":"Seasonal Germ Cell Proliferation and Maturation Patterns in Indian Major Carp, Labeo Rohita (Hamilton, 1822) and Tilapia, Oreochromis Niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)","authors":"Bibekananda Panda, Gopi Krishna Ogirala, Sanjeet Manna, D. Verma, Samanta Luna, Routray Padmanav","doi":"10.4194/trjfas20810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas20810","url":null,"abstract":"The present work assessed the seasonal changes in germ cells (GC) and the maturation of rohu, Labeo rohita and tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Here, we showed two species representing two diverse types of spawning behavior, having two distinct GC proliferation and spawning patterns. During July, a single peak spawning season for rohu was recorded with the highest GSI (female: 19.5±1.29 and male 4.2±0.24), which is the peak monsoon time in Eastern India. However, two peak spawning seasons were marked in tilapia during the pre-monsoon (April) and post-monsoon (October) period with GSI values of male: 0.9±0.21, female: 3.9±1.32 and male: 1.1±0.3, female: 4.4±1.1 respectively. Gonadal histology in synchrony with GSI provides insights into the effects of various seasonal climate changes on the reproductive status of fish. Further, GC ultra-structure revealed various development stages in rohu and tilapia in different seasons using a scanning electron microscope. Here, comparative models were proposed for GC proliferation and maturation during different parts of the year in rohu and tilapia that may be used to plan breeding programs and hatchery management of these two species.","PeriodicalId":23978,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41470397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jaksuma Pongsetkul, S. Benjakul, S. Boonanuntanasarn, J. Yongsawatdigul
Sensory characteristics and microbiological quality of Nile tilapia cooked with various sous-vide (SV) conditions including 50 and 60°C, for 30, 45 and 60 min (S5-30, S5-45, S5-60, S6-30, S6-45 and S6-60) and their changes during storage (4°C) were investigated, compared with control (cooking with boiling water). The result found that increasing temperature and time of SV accelerated protein degradation, both myofibrillar protein and connective tissue. This affected to the lower water-holding capacity (WHC) and shear force of samples treated with severe SV conditions (S6-45 and S6-60) (P<0.05). SV technique may less contribution to the flavor formation, particularly lipid oxidation products, since there were no differences in total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) content and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value among all samples (P>0.05). However, SV cooked samples had higher sensory scores than control, both at day 0 (before storage) or throughout the storage time. This suggested the potential to improve consumer acceptability by this technique. In this study, SV at 60°C, 60 min seem to be the optimal condition for tilapia fillet, which can preserve at 4℃ for at least 6 weeks without any spoilage.
{"title":"Sensory Characteristics and Microbiological Quality Changes of Nile Tilapia Fillet Processed by Various Sous-vide Conditions During Chilled Storage","authors":"Jaksuma Pongsetkul, S. Benjakul, S. Boonanuntanasarn, J. Yongsawatdigul","doi":"10.4194/trjfas21079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas21079","url":null,"abstract":"Sensory characteristics and microbiological quality of Nile tilapia cooked with various sous-vide (SV) conditions including 50 and 60°C, for 30, 45 and 60 min (S5-30, S5-45, S5-60, S6-30, S6-45 and S6-60) and their changes during storage (4°C) were investigated, compared with control (cooking with boiling water). The result found that increasing temperature and time of SV accelerated protein degradation, both myofibrillar protein and connective tissue. This affected to the lower water-holding capacity (WHC) and shear force of samples treated with severe SV conditions (S6-45 and S6-60) (P<0.05). SV technique may less contribution to the flavor formation, particularly lipid oxidation products, since there were no differences in total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) content and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value among all samples (P>0.05). However, SV cooked samples had higher sensory scores than control, both at day 0 (before storage) or throughout the storage time. This suggested the potential to improve consumer acceptability by this technique. In this study, SV at 60°C, 60 min seem to be the optimal condition for tilapia fillet, which can preserve at 4℃ for at least 6 weeks without any spoilage.","PeriodicalId":23978,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45286423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junhui Liang, Jia Xu, Shi‐wei Xie, Junming Cao, B. Tan
Since lots of researches using qPCR technique have addressed gene expression in groupers, the suitable housekeeping genes are needed to obtain reliable and precise results. In this study, by using different mathematical algorithms (Genorm, normFinder, BestKeeper and comparative ΔCt method) and the comprehensive ranking software (RefFinder), the stability of seventeen housekeeping genes were assessed in eleven tissues of the hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂). Results showed that the stability of housekeeping genes were various in different tissues and the newly identified housekeeping genes were likely more stable than that of commonly used. In conclusion, the expression stability of housekeeping genes showed a tissue-specific manner, and the conserved oligomeric Golgi complex subunit 5 (cog5) and peroxisomal biogenesis factor 14 (pex14) could be universally used as appropriate housekeeping genes across different tissues in hybrid grouper. The present study provides the foundation for more accurate results of qPCR assay in hybrid grouper and other groupers.
由于大量的qPCR技术研究都是针对石斑鱼的基因表达，因此需要合适的管家基因来获得可靠和精确的结果。本研究采用Genorm、normFinder、BestKeeper和comparative ΔCt等不同的数学算法和RefFinder综合排序软件，对杂交石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀× E. lanceolatus♂)11个组织中17个管家基因的稳定性进行了评价。结果表明，不同组织中管家基因的稳定性存在差异，新鉴定的管家基因可能比常用的管家基因更稳定。综上所述，保守的低聚高尔基复合体亚基5 (cog5)和过氧化物酶体生物发生因子14 (pex14)可作为杂交石石鱼不同组织间普遍适用的内源基因。本研究为杂交石斑鱼和其他石斑鱼qPCR检测结果的准确性奠定了基础。
{"title":"Selection of Appropriate Housekeeping Genes for Gene Expression Normalization in Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂)","authors":"Junhui Liang, Jia Xu, Shi‐wei Xie, Junming Cao, B. Tan","doi":"10.4194/trjfas20646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas20646","url":null,"abstract":"Since lots of researches using qPCR technique have addressed gene expression in groupers, the suitable housekeeping genes are needed to obtain reliable and precise results. In this study, by using different mathematical algorithms (Genorm, normFinder, BestKeeper and comparative ΔCt method) and the comprehensive ranking software (RefFinder), the stability of seventeen housekeeping genes were assessed in eleven tissues of the hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂). Results showed that the stability of housekeeping genes were various in different tissues and the newly identified housekeeping genes were likely more stable than that of commonly used. In conclusion, the expression stability of housekeeping genes showed a tissue-specific manner, and the conserved oligomeric Golgi complex subunit 5 (cog5) and peroxisomal biogenesis factor 14 (pex14) could be universally used as appropriate housekeeping genes across different tissues in hybrid grouper. The present study provides the foundation for more accurate results of qPCR assay in hybrid grouper and other groupers.","PeriodicalId":23978,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45054872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Skipjack tuna (SKJ) is one of the most targeted fish species globally, especially in the Indian Ocean. SKJ fishery data from Iranian purse seiners and multisatellite remote sensing data were used for hotspot habitat modeling from 2010 to 2018. Spatial and temporal variables were the most important predictors in the generalized additive model (GAM), and 58.6% of the variance was explained. In the MaxEnt model, sea surface temperature (SST), eddy kinetic energy (EKE), and sea surface height (SSH) were the most important predictors of SKJ hotspot habitat suitability in the tropical Indian Ocean between 2°S and 2°N. Furthermore, of the total studied area in the Indian Ocean defined as optimal habitat (habitat suitability index>0.6), 6.8% and 5.3% exhibited ordinary habitat suitability (AUC=0.934, P<0.01) and hotspot habitat suitability (AUC=0.952, P<0.01), respec tively. Iranian purse seiners are distributed mainly in tropical areas, and in the present study, SKJ habitat was affected by environmental variables, as determined using multisatellite remote sensing data. In general, for effective regional monitoring and management strategies to ensure sustainable fisheries, diverse datasets compiled using satellite datasets and habitat modeling can help identify potential hotspot habitats, thereby enabling more accurate suitable habitat zone predictions and more efficient stock management.
{"title":"Hotspot Habitat Modeling of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) in the Indian Ocean by Using Multisatellite Remote Sensing","authors":"Ali Haghi Vayghan, Ming-An Lee","doi":"10.4194/trjfas19107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas19107","url":null,"abstract":"Skipjack tuna (SKJ) is one of the most targeted fish species globally, especially in the Indian Ocean. SKJ fishery data from Iranian purse seiners and multisatellite remote sensing data were used for hotspot habitat modeling from 2010 to 2018. Spatial and temporal variables were the most important predictors in the generalized additive model (GAM), and 58.6% of the variance was explained. In the MaxEnt model, sea surface temperature (SST), eddy kinetic energy (EKE), and sea surface height (SSH) were the most important predictors of SKJ hotspot habitat suitability in the tropical Indian Ocean between 2°S and 2°N. Furthermore, of the total studied area in the Indian Ocean defined as optimal habitat (habitat suitability index>0.6), 6.8% and 5.3% exhibited ordinary habitat suitability (AUC=0.934, P<0.01) and hotspot habitat suitability (AUC=0.952, P<0.01), respec tively. Iranian purse seiners are distributed mainly in tropical areas, and in the present study, SKJ habitat was affected by environmental variables, as determined using multisatellite remote sensing data. In general, for effective regional monitoring and management strategies to ensure sustainable fisheries, diverse datasets compiled using satellite datasets and habitat modeling can help identify potential hotspot habitats, thereby enabling more accurate suitable habitat zone predictions and more efficient stock management.","PeriodicalId":23978,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47473160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehdi Taati Keley, Amir Homayoun Keihan, M. Nobakht, M. Rezaei
The aim of this study was investigation the effects of different methods (wet pressing: WP and supercritical fluid extraction: SFE) of oil extraction from lantern fish (Myctophidae) in terms of quantity and quality. Results showed there was no significant difference in oil production rate (p>0.05), but there was a significant difference between detected volatile components (alkanes, aldehydes, amines and acetic acid) (p<0.05). Some of Neutral lipids (Wax Esters (WE), Triacylglycerol (TAG) and Free Fatty Acids (FFA)) showed significant difference (p<0.05) and Cholesterol (CHOL) levels did not show significant differences between treatments (p<0.05). Also, fatty acid profiles showed the level of DHA in SFE treatment was significantly higher than WP (p<0.05). The acidity value (AV) did not show a significant difference (p<0.05). Also, the amount of heavy metals (Mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)) in extracted oils by SFE was lower than the other method (p<0.05). Therefore, the results of this study indicate the potential of lantern fish for extraction of fish oil in human consumption and the SFE method for extracting it.
{"title":"Effects of Supercritical CO2 on Quantity and Quality of Extracted Oil from Myctophidae Fish and Comparison It with the Wet Pressing as a Commercial Method","authors":"Mehdi Taati Keley, Amir Homayoun Keihan, M. Nobakht, M. Rezaei","doi":"10.4194/trjfas21017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas21017","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was investigation the effects of different methods (wet pressing: WP and supercritical fluid extraction: SFE) of oil extraction from lantern fish (Myctophidae) in terms of quantity and quality. Results showed there was no significant difference in oil production rate (p>0.05), but there was a significant difference between detected volatile components (alkanes, aldehydes, amines and acetic acid) (p<0.05). Some of Neutral lipids (Wax Esters (WE), Triacylglycerol (TAG) and Free Fatty Acids (FFA)) showed significant difference (p<0.05) and Cholesterol (CHOL) levels did not show significant differences between treatments (p<0.05). Also, fatty acid profiles showed the level of DHA in SFE treatment was significantly higher than WP (p<0.05). The acidity value (AV) did not show a significant difference (p<0.05). Also, the amount of heavy metals (Mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)) in extracted oils by SFE was lower than the other method (p<0.05). Therefore, the results of this study indicate the potential of lantern fish for extraction of fish oil in human consumption and the SFE method for extracting it.","PeriodicalId":23978,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47701517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Eroldoğan, M. Elsabagh, H. Sevgili, B. Glencross, M. Paolucci, M. Kumlu, Enes Kınay, Ece Evliyaoğlu, H. Yılmaz, Merve Sarıipek
A total of 300 juvenile crayfish (13.0±0.03 g) were randomly distributed among 5 dietary groups (n=60, 3 replicates) held within 15×500 L-1 fiberglass tanks connected to a recirculation system (RAS), at 20 crayfish per tank. Each group was fed for 12 weeks one of five experimental diets where the main protein sources were: 1) control, fish-meal-based diet (FM, 48% of the diet); 2) 10% FM + 52.5% poultry by-product meal (PoM); 3) 34.5% soybean meal + 34.5% corn gluten meal (Pmix); 4) 34.5% PoM + 32.soybean/corn gluten meal mix (PoM/Pmix); and 5) 10% FM + 27.5% soybean + 27.5% corn gluten meal (FM/Pmix). The results demonstrated that there were no significant differences among diets in terms of growth and feed utilization efficiency. Muscle amino acid profile of redclaw crayfish fed the FM diet had the highest level of total essential amino acids, followed by FM/PMix, Pmix, PoM/Pmix, and PoM diets. Particularly, in all experimental groups, the highest essential amino acids (EAA) were lysine, arginine, and leucine. Based on these findings, we conclude that redclaw can perform well with FM-free vegetable diets and PoM-based diets although more research is needed into the total composition of EAA and FA in muscle.
试验选取幼虾300只(13.0±0.03 g)，随机分为5个饲粮组(n=60, 3个重复)，饲养在连接再循环系统(RAS)的15×500 L-1玻璃纤维池中，每个池20只。各组分别饲喂5种试验饲粮中的一种，饲喂12周，主要蛋白质来源为:1)对照组，以鱼粉为基础的饲粮(FM，占饲粮的48%);2) 10% FM + 52.5%家禽副产品粕(PoM);3) 34.5%豆粕+ 34.5%玉米蛋白粉(Pmix);4) 34.5% PoM + 32。大豆/玉米蛋白粉混合物(PoM/Pmix)5) 10% FM + 27.5%大豆+ 27.5%玉米蛋白粉(FM/Pmix)。结果表明，不同饲粮在生长和饲料利用效率方面无显著差异。鱼粉组红爪螯虾肌肉氨基酸总必需氨基酸含量最高，其次为鱼粉/PMix、PMix、PoM/ PMix和PoM。特别是，在所有实验组中，必需氨基酸(EAA)含量最高的是赖氨酸、精氨酸和亮氨酸。综上所述，尽管对肌肉中EAA和FA的总组成还需要进一步的研究，但在不含fm的蔬菜饲粮和以pom为基础的饲粮中，红爪鱼的生长性能都很好。
{"title":"Use of Poultry By-product and Plant Protein Sources in Diets of Redclaw Crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus)","authors":"O. Eroldoğan, M. Elsabagh, H. Sevgili, B. Glencross, M. Paolucci, M. Kumlu, Enes Kınay, Ece Evliyaoğlu, H. Yılmaz, Merve Sarıipek","doi":"10.4194/trjfas21188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas21188","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 300 juvenile crayfish (13.0±0.03 g) were randomly distributed among 5 dietary groups (n=60, 3 replicates) held within 15×500 L-1 fiberglass tanks connected to a recirculation system (RAS), at 20 crayfish per tank. Each group was fed for 12 weeks one of five experimental diets where the main protein sources were: 1) control, fish-meal-based diet (FM, 48% of the diet); 2) 10% FM + 52.5% poultry by-product meal (PoM); 3) 34.5% soybean meal + 34.5% corn gluten meal (Pmix); 4) 34.5% PoM + 32.soybean/corn gluten meal mix (PoM/Pmix); and 5) 10% FM + 27.5% soybean + 27.5% corn gluten meal (FM/Pmix). The results demonstrated that there were no significant differences among diets in terms of growth and feed utilization efficiency. Muscle amino acid profile of redclaw crayfish fed the FM diet had the highest level of total essential amino acids, followed by FM/PMix, Pmix, PoM/Pmix, and PoM diets. Particularly, in all experimental groups, the highest essential amino acids (EAA) were lysine, arginine, and leucine. Based on these findings, we conclude that redclaw can perform well with FM-free vegetable diets and PoM-based diets although more research is needed into the total composition of EAA and FA in muscle.","PeriodicalId":23978,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44716724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, the population parameters (length-length and length-weight relationships, age, growth, mortality) and reproductive biology (sex ratio, GSI, condition, length at first maturity, spawning period, fecundity) of black seabream (Spondyliosoma cantharus Linnaeus, 1758) were investigated. The length-length relationship and length-weight relationship were calculated as FL=0.911TL-0.0433 and W=0.0123TL3.0614 (R2=0.97), respectively. Parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth equation were: L∞=33.21 cm, K=0.21 per year, t0= −1.84 year and age varied between 0 and 8 years. The instantaneous rates of total mortality (Z) and natural mortality (M) were 0.64 and 0.47 per year, respectively. Rates for fishing mortality (F) and exploitation (E) were 0.17 and 0.27 per year, respectively. The spawning season extended from February to May and peaked in March and April. The female/male ratio was found to be 3.49/1 and sex inversion from female to male occurred after the 24 cm TL length group. Total lengths at 50% maturity were 22.25 cm for males and 20.59 cm for females. The mean absolute fecundity (F) was 109,457±8,011 oocytes, ranging from 59,666 to 182,589.
本研究调查了黑鲷（Sponyiosoma cantarus Linnaeus，1758）的种群参数（长重关系、年龄、生长、死亡率）和生殖生物学（性别比、GSI、条件、初熟长度、产卵期、繁殖力）。长度-长度关系和长度-重量关系分别计算为FL=0.911TL-0.0433和W=0.0123TL3.0614（R2=0.97）。von-Bertalanfy生长方程的参数为：L∞=33.21cm，K=0.21/年，t0=-1.84岁，年龄在0至8岁之间。瞬时总死亡率（Z）和自然死亡率（M）分别为每年0.64和0.47。捕捞死亡率（F）和捕捞死亡率（E）分别为每年0.17和0.27。产卵季节从2月延长到5月，在3月和4月达到高峰。发现雌性/雄性的比例为3.49/1，在24 cm TL长度组之后发生了从雌性到雄性的性反转。50%成熟时，雄性的总长度为22.25厘米，雌性为20.59厘米。平均绝对繁殖力（F）为109457±8011个卵母细胞，范围从59666到182589。
{"title":"Age, Growth, Mortality and Reproduction Biology of the Black Seabream, Spondyliosoma cantharus in North Aegean Sea, Turkey, Mediterranean Basin","authors":"I. B. Daban","doi":"10.4194/trjfas21016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas21016","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, the population parameters (length-length and length-weight relationships, age, growth, mortality) and reproductive biology (sex ratio, GSI, condition, length at first maturity, spawning period, fecundity) of black seabream (Spondyliosoma cantharus Linnaeus, 1758) were investigated. The length-length relationship and length-weight relationship were calculated as FL=0.911TL-0.0433 and W=0.0123TL3.0614 (R2=0.97), respectively. Parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth equation were: L∞=33.21 cm, K=0.21 per year, t0= −1.84 year and age varied between 0 and 8 years. The instantaneous rates of total mortality (Z) and natural mortality (M) were 0.64 and 0.47 per year, respectively. Rates for fishing mortality (F) and exploitation (E) were 0.17 and 0.27 per year, respectively. The spawning season extended from February to May and peaked in March and April. The female/male ratio was found to be 3.49/1 and sex inversion from female to male occurred after the 24 cm TL length group. Total lengths at 50% maturity were 22.25 cm for males and 20.59 cm for females. The mean absolute fecundity (F) was 109,457±8,011 oocytes, ranging from 59,666 to 182,589.","PeriodicalId":23978,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47703587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Châari, L. Boudaya, S. Gancitano, V. Gancitano, L. Neifar
Some aspects of the biology of the garfish Belone belone, were studied based on 453 specimens collected from the central Mediterranean (Tunisia). Total lengths ranged from 24.2 to 55 cm for females and from 25.8 to 52.5 cm for males, respectively. An overall sex ratio of 2.36 ÷ 1 shows significant dominance of females in all size classes and seasons. Age data from otoliths reading revealed that females belonged to age groups from 1 to 4 years and males from 1 to 5 years. Most of the individuals were of age group 2. Length weight relationships and von Bertalanffy growth functions parameters were: W = 0.0003 L 3.419, L∞ = 48.48 cm, k = 0.57 year -1 and to = -1 year for females and W = 0.0002 L 3.530, L∞ = 44.7 cm, k = 0.67 year-1 and to = -1 year for males. Gonadosomatic index pattern indicated that spawning occurs once a year between March and May and extends to June with peak activity in March for both sexes. The length at the first maturity was estimated at a total length of 37.26±0.10 cm for females and 37.17±0.40 cm for males.
{"title":"Age, Growth and Reproductive Biology of the Garfish, Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1760) (Teleostei: Belonidae) in the Central Mediterranean Sea","authors":"M. Châari, L. Boudaya, S. Gancitano, V. Gancitano, L. Neifar","doi":"10.4194/trjfas21161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas21161","url":null,"abstract":"Some aspects of the biology of the garfish Belone belone, were studied based on 453 specimens collected from the central Mediterranean (Tunisia). Total lengths ranged from 24.2 to 55 cm for females and from 25.8 to 52.5 cm for males, respectively. An overall sex ratio of 2.36 ÷ 1 shows significant dominance of females in all size classes and seasons. Age data from otoliths reading revealed that females belonged to age groups from 1 to 4 years and males from 1 to 5 years. Most of the individuals were of age group 2. Length weight relationships and von Bertalanffy growth functions parameters were: W = 0.0003 L 3.419, L∞ = 48.48 cm, k = 0.57 year -1 and to = -1 year for females and W = 0.0002 L 3.530, L∞ = 44.7 cm, k = 0.67 year-1 and to = -1 year for males. Gonadosomatic index pattern indicated that spawning occurs once a year between March and May and extends to June with peak activity in March for both sexes. The length at the first maturity was estimated at a total length of 37.26±0.10 cm for females and 37.17±0.40 cm for males.","PeriodicalId":23978,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45331288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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