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Electromagnetic technologies in the system of oil production innovative methods at the fields of the Republic of Bashkortostan 巴什科尔托斯坦共和国油田石油生产系统中的电磁技术创新方法
Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.31660/0445-0108-2023-5-92-106
A. Rabtsevich
An increase in the share of hard-to-recover oil in the total balance of its reserves, which is particularly important for the Republic of Bashkortostan, inevitably makes it necessary to search for and commercially introduce new ways to extract it. Among the many methods of increasing oil recovery and intensifying the inflow, the method of influencing the bottomhole zone of the formation with a high-frequency electromagnetic field is distinguished, which, despite many years of research, is still considered experimental in Russia and is limited to evaluating the production and technical characteristics of use. At the same time, financial and economic indicators are overlooked, the identification of which will justify the relative low cost and high profitability of the innovative method.The purpose of the study is to determine the feasibility of introducing methods of oil field development based on the use of electromagnetic field energy. The main research methods are the analysis of scientific literature on the research topic, systematization and generalization of specialized state statistics data. The calculation part uses methods of economic analysis and business analytics.The existing technologies for oil field development in the Republic of Bashkortostan are considered, a conclusion is made about their obsolescence and the need to replace them with technologies based on new physical principles. The prospects of electromagnetic technologies and the degree of development of this topic in the scientific environment of Russia and the Republic of Bashkortostan are indicated. With the help of modelling, the economic effect of the introduction of technology for influencing the bottomhole zone of the formation with a high-frequency electromagnetic field has been established, the possibilities of covering the deposits of the Republic of Bashkortostan suitable for development have been determined.The results of the study can be used in the analysis of the prospects of regions with the predominant development of the oil production and oil refining complex, on the territory of which there are large areas of depleted fields that require the use of innovative technologies for additional production. Further research may be devoted to assessing the economic and technological efficiency of using electromagnetic and other innovative technologies for influencing the reservoir directly in fields with different properties of residual oil and geological and geophysical parameters of the host reservoirs.
难采石油在储量总余额中所占比例的增加(这对巴什科尔托斯坦共和国尤为重要),不可避免地使人们有必要寻找并在商业上采用新的开采方法。在众多提高石油采收率和加强流入量的方法中,用高频电磁场影响地层底孔区的方法独树一帜,尽管经过多年研究,但在俄罗斯仍被视为试验性的,仅限于评估使用的生产和技术特点。同时,财务和经济指标也被忽视,这些指标的确定将证明创新方法的相对低成本和高收益性是合理的。主要研究方法是分析有关研究课题的科学文献、系统化和归纳国家专业统计数据。计算部分采用了经济分析和商业分析方法。对巴什科尔托斯坦共和国现有的油田开发技术进行了研究,得出了关于这些技术过时以及需要用基于新物理原理的技术取而代之的结论。报告指出了电磁技术的发展前景,以及在俄罗斯和巴什科尔托斯坦共和国科学环境中这一主题的发展程度。在建模的帮助下,确定了采用高频电磁场影响地层井底区域技术的经济效果,确定了覆盖巴什科尔托斯坦共和国适合开发的矿藏的可能性。研究结果可用于分析石油生产和石油精炼综合体主要发展地区的前景,这些地区境内有大面积的枯竭油田,需要使用创新技术进行额外生产。进一步的研究可以致力于评估使用电磁技术和其他创新技术直接影响油田储层的经济和技术效率,这些油田具有不同的残余石油特性以及主储层的地质和地球物理参数。
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引用次数: 0
Si-Cu contact mass for catalysis in coatings industry for oil and gas pipes 用于油气管道涂料工业催化的硅铜接触质量
Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.31660/0445-0108-2023-5-46-54
A. S. Zhilin, O. I. Rebrin, M. A. Malykh, M. S. Pechurin, I. Kovenskiy
Two contact masses were obtained and analyzed for their catalytic properties in the production of hydrophobic coatings. These masses are based on the silicon-copper system and consist of 25%Cu-75%Si and 50%Cu-50%Si compositions. A standard method of copper(I) chloride reduction was optimized to obtain finely dispersed copper particles with high catalytic activity. It is shown that reduction is possible directly in contact with silicon, the resulting average diameter of copper particles is 5-10 microns in both contact masses (25%Cu-75%Si and 50%Cu-50%Si). A metallographic analysis revealed a loose morphology of the silicon-copper phase interfaces, which is necessary to enhance the catalytic activity of the contact masses. Local chemical analysis by scanning electron microscopy has established the ratio of the particle size of the initial polycrystals of copper chloride(I) and the resulting copper particles as a result of reduction on silicon. The process of deep reduction makes it possible to obtain particles up to 5 microns in size. These results provide useful insights into the formulation of coatings containing organosilicon compounds to reduce friction in hydrocarbon transport.
我们获得了两种接触块,并分析了它们在疏水涂层生产中的催化特性。这些接触块基于硅-铜体系,由 25%Cu-75%Si 和 50%Cu-50%Si 组成。对氯化铜(I)还原的标准方法进行了优化,以获得具有高催化活性的细分散铜颗粒。结果表明,铜可以直接与硅接触还原,在两种接触质量(25%Cu-75%Si 和 50%Cu-50%Si )中,铜颗粒的平均直径均为 5-10 微米。金相分析表明,硅-铜相界面形态疏松,这是提高接触块催化活性的必要条件。通过扫描电子显微镜进行的局部化学分析确定了最初的氯化铜(I)多晶体和在硅上还原产生的铜颗粒的粒径比。通过深度还原工艺,可以获得 5 微米大小的颗粒。这些结果为配制含有有机硅化合物的涂层以减少碳氢化合物运输过程中的摩擦提供了有益的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Application of ionic and electronic modification of nitride coatings for protection against corrosion during hydrogen feature 应用氮化物涂层的离子和电子改性防止氢特征过程中的腐蚀
Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.31660/0445-0108-2023-5-55-66
K. Kadyrzhanov, A. Kozlovskiy, D. Shlimas, G. Z. Moldabaeva
Applying nitride or oxide coatings in the form of thin layers is a method that can enhance steel structures and resilience of oil pipelines against flooding and corrosion. Such coatings have excellent corrosion-resistant properties. The article presents the results of an assessment of the use of both ionic and electronic modifications of nitride coatings (TiN) on stainless steel to enhance its resilience against hydrogenation and degradation processes occurring during the hydrogen accumulation in the surface layer. These processes lead to embrittlement and corrosion of steel. O2+ and N2+ ions with an energy of 20 keV/charge were chosen as ions for modifying the coatings; the irradiation fluences were in the range of 1013-1015 ion/cm2 . Electrons with an energy of 500 keV and radiation doses from 100 to 500 kGy were utilised to carry out the electron modification process. The experimental results indicate that modifying the ionic content contributes to the creation of more dislocation defects in the structure. This accumulation of defects results in improved strength and resistance to cracking. Through electron irradiation, the thermal effect primarily modifies the crystal structure, enhancing both its stability and densification. An analysis of the effect of hydrogenation and corrosion has demonstrated that ionic modification using a fluence of 5 × 1013 ion/cm2 enhances the stability of the coating structure and elevates corrosion potentials.
以薄层形式涂覆氮化物或氧化物涂层是一种可以增强钢结构和石油管道抗水淹和抗腐蚀能力的方法。这种涂层具有优异的耐腐蚀性能。文章介绍了对不锈钢氮化物涂层(TiN)进行离子和电子改性的评估结果,以增强其抵御氢化和表面层氢积累过程中发生的降解过程的能力。这些过程会导致钢的脆化和腐蚀。选择能量为 20 keV/电荷的 O2+ 和 N2+ 离子作为改性涂层的离子;辐照通量范围为 1013-1015 离子/平方厘米。利用能量为 500 keV、辐射剂量为 100 至 500 kGy 的电子进行电子改性。实验结果表明,改变离子含量有助于在结构中产生更多的位错缺陷。缺陷的累积可提高强度和抗开裂性。通过电子辐照,热效应主要改变了晶体结构,提高了晶体的稳定性和致密性。对氢化和腐蚀效应的分析表明,使用 5 × 1013 离子/厘米2 的通量进行离子改性可增强涂层结构的稳定性,并提高腐蚀电位。
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引用次数: 0
Detecting hydrodynamic barriers of reservoirs based on drilling of horizontal wells to refine geological models 根据水平井钻探情况检测储层的水动力障碍,以完善地质模型
Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.31660/0445-0108-2023-5-21-33
Alena V. Ilmendeeva, Nikita V. Nosov
During the geological modeling process, it can be problematic to substantiate predicted faults or barriers that are estimated from seismic data and require additional research. However, logging data from horizontal wells (LWD — logging while drilling), whose trajectories intersect predicted seismic faults or hydrodynamic barriers, can be used to validate such barriers.The aim of this study is to substantiate hydrodynamic barriers in several fields in Western Siberia using data from a complex of geophysical surveys conducted while drilling horizontal wells that pass through such barriers. The main research method is azimuthal gamma-gamma density logging and its interpretation to identify hydrodynamic barriers, including tectonic faults, based on the criteria described in A. V. Chashkov's, S. Z. Mutaev's and other scholars' works.This study presents the practical application of the azimuthal gamma-gamma density logging method to substantiate predicted seismic faults, estimated from seismic data and require additional research, using the example of the First field. This model has been examined and accepted by the State Reserves Committee.
在地质建模过程中,要证实根据地震数据估算出的断层或障碍物可能存在问题,需要进行额外的研究。然而,水平井(LWD - 边钻井边测井)的测井数据(其轨迹与预测的地震断层或流体力学障碍相交)可用于验证这些障碍。本研究的目的是利用钻水平井时进行的综合地球物理勘测数据,证实西西伯利亚几个油田的流体力学障碍。本研究以第一油田为例,介绍了方位伽马-伽马密度测井方法的实际应用,以证实根据地震数据估算出的地震断层,这些断层还需要进一步研究。国家储量委员会已审查并接受了这一模型。
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引用次数: 0
A radiation safety assessment in aquatic ecosystems formed by self-discharging wells: a case study of the watercourse: the well No. 36-RG — a stream — the Aremzyanka River 自流井形成的水生生态系统辐射安全评估:水道案例研究:第 36-RG 号井--溪流--阿雷姆恰卡河
Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.31660/0445-0108-2023-5-11-20
Andrey S. Aleksandrov, V. A. Beshentsev, Aynazhan S. Alzhanova
This article investigates the impact of geothermal water from the Cherkashinskaya No. 36-RG self-injection exploration well on ecosystem watercourses. The well was drilled in 1965 to investigate deposits of iodine-bromine water. This article presents estimations of the acceptable levels of radiation hazard content in the water and near-bottom sediments of gravity-flow hydrogeological wells. The radiation safety of working with these materials for personnel in geological exploration and national economic enterprises is also evaluated. The article provides information on the study of the natural radiation background, as well as results on the natural radioactivity of the bottom sediments and the volumetric radium content of the water. Natural radioactivity in the bottom sediments of potassium (40K) and thorium (232Th) is analyzed in this study. The relevance of this research originates from over fifty years of pollution by highly mineralised iodine-bromine water within the catchment area of one of Western Siberia's largest transboundary rivers, the Irtysh River. The Aremzyanka River is first-order tributary of the Irtysh River, and it receives water from a stream originating from exploration well No. 36-RG.
本文研究了切尔卡辛斯卡亚第 36-RG 号自喷勘探井的地热水对生态系统河道的影响。该井于 1965 年钻探,旨在调查碘溴水矿床。本文介绍了对重力流水文地质井的水和近底沉积物中可接受的辐射危害含量的估计。文章还评估了地质勘探和国民经济企业人员在使用这些材料时的辐射安全。文章提供了有关天然辐射本底研究的信息,以及底层沉积物的天然放射性和水的体积镭含量的结果。本研究分析了底层沉积物中钾(40K)和钍(232Th)的天然放射性。这项研究的相关性源于西西伯利亚最大的跨界河流之一额尔齐斯河集水区五十多年来受到高矿化度碘溴水的污染。Aremzyanka 河是额尔齐斯河的一级支流,其水源来自第 36-RG 号勘探井。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the permafrost zone by geophysical techniques and determination of primary categorisations of permafrost conditions in rocks 利用地球物理技术调查永久冻土区并确定岩石永久冻土条件的主要类别
Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.31660/0445-0108-2023-5-34-45
Ludmila V. Shishkanova
The investigation of the permafrost zone situated in the Yamal Peninsula pertains to gasand hydrate-saturated intervals. The avoidance of gas discharge frequently met during well drilling is of utmost importance. The allocation of permafrost rocks governs the quest for novel approaches to analyze the geocryological situation of the locale, together with ascertaining the principal regularities of the zone structure, ascertained via geological and geophysical investigations, analysis of well drilling data, and seismic assessments.The investigation of the permafrost zone plays a crucial role in well drilling to prevent various types of complications. Moreover, the interpretation of geophysical survey data in combination with drilling and seismic data allows us to construct a model of the zone's lateral spread.Carrying out geophysical methods helps to prevent, to some extent, and also prevent possible emergency situations. A fairly large fund of geophysical material has been reviewed, and a complex of studies in the permafrost zone of the Yamal Peninsula in many fields has been analyzed.Following these studies, this article presents the primary geophysical survey material interpretation techniques with highlighted criteria for identifying different permafrost conditions in rocks.
对亚马尔半岛永久冻土带的调查涉及天然气和水合物饱和层。避免钻井过程中经常遇到的气体排放至关重要。永冻岩的分布决定了需要寻找新的方法来分析当地的地质岩土情况,同时确定冻土带结构的主要规律,这些规律是通过地质和地球物理调查、钻井数据分析和地震评估确定的。此外,结合钻井和地震数据对地球物理勘测数据进行解释,可以构建冻土带横向扩展模型。本文介绍了主要的地球物理勘测资料解释技术,并强调了识别岩石中不同冻土条件的标准。
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引用次数: 0
Methods to reduce heat losses when transporting gas through long branch pipelines 通过长分支管道输送天然气时减少热损失的方法
Pub Date : 2023-07-15 DOI: 10.31660/0445-0108-2023-3-95-106
V. M. Yanchuk, A. S. Kuzbozhev, I. V. Shishkin, I. Birillo, P. A. Kuzbozhev
The article considers options to reduce heat losses accompanying the process of pipeline transportation of natural gas through long branch pipelines. Computational modeling of the gas cooling process in an extended off-take gas pipeline connecting the main gas pipeline and the gas distribution station has been performed. It is shown that when the length of the gas branch pipeline is long, especially in conditions of reduced flow, the gas temperature at the inlet of the gas distribution station will correspond to the ground temperature. We have developed and substantiated options to reduce the intensity of gas cooling in the off-take gas pipeline, involving an increase in its depth, the use of thermal insulation coatings, as well as the regulation of pressure at the inlet using special technical means. The calculation justification of the technical solution, which involves regulating the pressure at the inlet to the gas pipeline outlet, is performed. The results can be used by gas transportation companies. The implementation of the developed solutions to reduce heat losses will reduce the consumption of energy used for gas heating at gas distribution stations and reduce emissions of combustion products.
文章探讨了减少天然气长支线管道运输过程中热量损失的方案。文章对连接主输气管道和配气站的长输气管道的天然气冷却过程进行了计算建模。结果表明,当天然气支线管道长度较长时,特别是在流量减少的情况下,配气站入口处的天然气温度将与地面温度一致。我们已经制定并论证了降低外输天然气管道气体冷却强度的方案,包括增加管道深度、使用隔热涂层以及使用特殊技术手段调节入口处的压力。该技术方案涉及调节天然气管道出口入口处的压力,对该方案进行了计算论证。计算结果可供天然气运输公司使用。实施所开发的减少热损失的解决方案将减少天然气配送站用于天然气加热的能源消耗,并减少燃烧产物的排放。
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引用次数: 0
An evaluation of the effectiveness of implementing technological solutions based on digital technologies to improve well casing quality 评估采用基于数字技术的技术解决方案来提高油井套管质量的效果
Pub Date : 2023-07-15 DOI: 10.31660/0445-0108-2023-3-68-83
D. V. Shalyapin, D. L. Bakirov, V. G. Kuznetsov
The article presents the process of forming measures based on digital technologies to improve the quality of well cementing at the fields of Western Siberia. The problem associated with the low quality of input information due to the use of several independent sources was identified and solved. The economic efficiency of the developed methods for reducing the labour costs of data collection for modelling using machine learning algorithms is demonstrated. If the solutions developed are implemented, there is a prospect of reducing the cost of repair and insulation work. Key information is provided about the hypotheses generated and their objectives. The authors of the article describe the method of using various mathematical algorithms to analyze the results of industrial experimental work. The efficiency of the developed solutions is evaluated by comparing the results of cementing experimental wells and wells built using the basic technology. The dynamics of cement quality growth in the fields of Western Siberia are summarised as a general result. As a result of the experience gained, the solutions have been adapted and are in the process of being re-implemented in order to make a final assessment of their effectiveness.
文章介绍了在西西伯利亚西部油田基于数字技术制定提高固井质量措施的过程。文章指出并解决了因使用多个独立来源而导致输入信息质量低下的问题。利用机器学习算法降低建模数据收集的人工成本,所开发方法的经济效益得到了证明。如果实施所开发的解决方案,有望降低维修和保温工作的成本。文章提供了有关所产生的假设及其目标的关键信息。文章作者介绍了使用各种数学算法分析工业实验结果的方法。通过比较实验井和使用基本技术建造的固井结果,评估了所开发解决方案的效率。西西伯利亚西部油田的水泥质量增长动态总结为一般结果。根据获得的经验,对解决方案进行了调整,目前正在重新实施过程中,以便对其有效性进行最终评估。
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引用次数: 0
In memory of V. V. Saltykov, an outstanding production organizer, scientist, teacher, mentor (30.01.1951 — 02.06.2023) 纪念杰出的生产组织者、科学家、教师和导师 V. V. Saltykov(1951 年 1 月 30 日 - 2023 年 6 月 2 日)
Pub Date : 2023-07-15 DOI: 10.31660/0445-0108-2023-3-107-109
A. Editorial
.
.
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引用次数: 0
Determination of the natural frequencies of the above-ground sections of pipelines transporting an incompressible fluid 确定输送不可压缩流体管道地上部分的自然频率
Pub Date : 2023-07-15 DOI: 10.31660/0445-0108-2023-3-84-94
D. Cherentsov, S. Pirogov
Under certain conditions, above-ground sections of pipelines are subject to vibration. Increasing the vibration amplitudes beyond the limits can cause the object to fail. In order to assess the vibration resistance of pipelines and to find the most effective ways of detuning from the resonant frequencies of disturbances, it is necessary to determine the natural frequencies of oscillations and the characteristics of the oscillation processes. The authors of the article developed a mathematical model to determine the frequency of free vibrations of above-ground pipeline sections, taking into account the influence of internal pressure and the velocity of the pumped fluid. As a result, a numerical solution based on the Bubnov-Galerkin method was obtained and a sufficient number of series elements in the approximate solution was determined. The authors performed numerical experiments. These showed that the frequencies should be determined for each section under specific conditions according to the pumping mode.
在某些条件下,管道的地面部分会受到振动。振动幅度超过极限会导致物体失效。为了评估管道的抗振性,并找到脱离干扰共振频率的最有效方法,有必要确定振荡的固有频率和振荡过程的特征。考虑到内部压力和泵送流体速度的影响,文章作者开发了一个数学模型,用于确定地面管道截面的自由振动频率。结果,获得了基于 Bubnov-Galerkin 方法的数值解,并确定了近似解中足够数量的序列元素。作者进行了数值实验。实验结果表明,应根据泵送模式在特定条件下确定每个截面的频率。
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引用次数: 0
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Oil and Gas Studies
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