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How to scale a startup? The Use Bike case and the expansion of rent a bike service in Brazilian hotels 如何扩大创业规模?Use Bike案例和巴西酒店自行车租赁服务的扩展
Pub Date : 2022-12-05 DOI: 10.14211/ibjesb.e2073
Gianfranco da Silva Araujo, Odilo Schwade Junior, Anete Alberton, Sidnei Vieira Marinho
The "Use Bike" case presents César and his partners' dilemma in finding a way to expand their business. Initially, they have two choices: the sales method through trade representatives or the expansion by franchises. Business experience reveals the various challenges, as well as the advantages associated with each option. The use of trade representatives implies the need for more significant investment for acquiring bicycles and business expansion, i.e., challenges in terms of cash flow. However, creating a model for franchising that allows the reproduction of the business's success requires overcoming challenges and complexities. The presentation of these experiences, with information about the implementation of the project and considerations collected directly from the company's executives, allows the students to be able to discuss the entrepreneurial journey, from the validation of the business models and the possibilities of scalability of a startup that is not exclusively digital.
“Use Bike”的案例反映了csamar和他的合伙人在寻找扩大业务的方法时所面临的困境。最初,他们有两种选择:通过贸易代表进行销售或通过特许经营进行扩张。业务经验揭示了各种挑战,以及与每个选项相关的优势。使用贸易代表意味着需要更多的投资来购买自行车和扩大业务,即现金流方面的挑战。然而,创建一个特许经营模式,使企业的成功得以复制,需要克服挑战和复杂性。这些经验的展示,以及直接从公司高管那里收集的项目实施信息和考虑因素,使学生能够讨论创业之旅,从商业模式的验证到创业公司的可扩展性的可能性,而不仅仅是数字化的。
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引用次数: 0
A Vertically Integrated Project (VIP) as a learning experience to foster entrepreneurship education 垂直整合项目(VIP)作为学习经验,促进创业教育
Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI: 10.14211/ibjesb.e1333
Cristiano Morini, A. T. Azevedo, Edmundo Inácio Júnior, E. Coyle
Purpose: we aim is to present a learning approach for students to work on a hands-on project that may be applied to different contexts. This experience relates to an initiative to foster entrepreneurial education embedded in economic sustainability based on the best local practices (highest-ranked municipalities) that we find and analyze to solve complex problems in the business environment. Design/Methodology/Approach: our approach is to collaborate with policymakers at the municipal level via a research-based project approach called Vertically Integrated Project (VIP). In our VIP, students work with instructors in a long-term effort to identify challenges and opportunities by working with the community to analyze problems, develop solutions (with different techniques and approaches), and monitor their implementation. Findings: new learning approaches can engage the students in real-world problem, adding value to their formation and giving back to society the investment they made in the Brazilian public university. Originality: this initiative is in tune with the 4th and the 11th sustainable development goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations (UN). Practical implications: this study aims to stimulate entrepreneurial education using multidisciplinary and alternative learning approaches. Social implications: this approach can deliver SDG-related impact to local communities by linking research-based teaching with community outreach.
目的:我们的目标是为学生提供一种学习方法,让他们在不同的环境中进行实践项目。这一经验与我们发现并分析解决商业环境中的复杂问题的最佳地方实践(排名最高的城市)为基础,促进嵌入经济可持续性的创业教育的倡议有关。设计/方法/方法:我们的方法是通过一种名为垂直整合项目(VIP)的基于研究的项目方法,与市政层面的政策制定者合作。在我们的VIP课程中,学生与教师一起长期努力,通过与社区合作分析问题,制定解决方案(使用不同的技术和方法),并监督其实施,从而识别挑战和机遇。发现:新的学习方法可以让学生参与到现实世界的问题中,为他们的形成增加价值,并回馈社会他们在巴西公立大学的投资。独创性:该倡议与联合国通过的第四个和第十一个可持续发展目标(sdg)一致。实践启示:本研究旨在运用多学科及另类学习方法,促进创业教育。社会影响:这种方法可以通过将研究型教学与社区外展联系起来,为当地社区带来与可持续发展目标相关的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Entrepreneurship in non-Schumpeterian (or alternative) ways: Effectuation and Bricolage to overcome crises 非熊彼特式(或另类)的企业家精神:克服危机的实效性和拼凑性
Pub Date : 2022-11-27 DOI: 10.14211/ibjesb.e2344
E. Lima
Objective: This essay aims to point out impediments to Schumpeterianism and the potential of the non-Schumpeterian ways regarding effectuation and bricolage to overcome crises. Methodology/approach: This is an essay based on the literature available mainly on effectuation and entrepreneurial bricolage as well as on empirical data from semi-structured interviews using qualitative methods. Main results: The text argues that the effectuation and bricolage approaches are particularly appropriate and useful for overcoming resource constraints, including their aggravation during crises. With the use of examples and a real empirical case, it constitutes a basis for further studies and dissemination of knowledge and can be useful as an inspiration for a more conscious, disseminated and perfected use of these non-Schumpeterian ways in entrepreneurship. Theoretical/methodological contributions: The study offers arguments, a theoretical framework with elements of a literature review and empirical data conducive to new promising research on effectuation and bricolage. Relevance/originality: The essay presents promising conceptual relationships and aspects of reality that are frequent and relevant, but not yet explored in national and international studies, in particular because it deals with effectuation and bricolage as ways of overcoming resource limitation and crises in lifestyle entrepreneurship (LE) and social entrepreneurship. Social/management contributions: Generation of greater awareness regarding the importance and need for research and use of entrepreneurial effectuation and bricolage, providing useful practices for doing a lot with little, overcoming resource limitations and overcoming crises.
目的:本文旨在指出熊彼特主义的障碍和非熊彼特主义方式在克服危机的效果和拼凑方面的潜力。方法/方法:这是一篇基于现有文献的文章,主要是关于有效性和创业拼凑,以及使用定性方法的半结构化访谈的经验数据。主要结果:本文认为,实施和拼凑方法对于克服资源限制,包括在危机期间加剧资源限制,特别合适和有用。通过使用实例和真实的经验案例,它构成了进一步研究和传播知识的基础,并且可以作为一种灵感,用于更有意识地,传播和完善这些非熊彼特方法在企业家精神中的应用。理论/方法贡献:该研究提供了论点,一个包含文献综述元素的理论框架和经验数据,有助于对效果和拼凑进行新的有前途的研究。相关性/独创性:这篇文章提出了有希望的概念关系和现实的方面,这些关系是频繁和相关的,但尚未在国内和国际研究中探索,特别是因为它将效果和拼凑作为克服资源限制和生活方式创业(LE)和社会创业危机的方法。社会/管理贡献:提高对研究和利用企业效益和拼凑的重要性和必要性的认识,为少花钱多办事、克服资源限制和克服危机提供有用的做法。
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引用次数: 0
Digital luthiery: Entrepreneurship in the music business 数字制琴师:音乐行业的企业家精神
Pub Date : 2022-11-20 DOI: 10.14211/ibjesb.e1917
Renato Akira Sakamoto, Reynaldo Cavalheiro Marcondes
Objective of the study: to connect the needs of musicians and practitioners of musical instruments, with those of luthiers and suppliers of tools and accessories of luthiery (production, regulation, repairs and restoration of musical instruments), through a digital platform. Methodology: starting from indications of an opportunity, information was gathered about the Brazilian luthiery market and research was carried out to understand the needs of musicians, luthiers and suppliers, which resulted in the proposal, with the definition of resources, action plan, economic feasibility analysis, implementation and evaluation. Main results: Its implementation started with the development of the platform, and the incubation of the startup in the lab of a São Paulo consultancy was negotiated. Methodological contributions: the method of problem solving and taking advantage of opportunities allowed the elaboration of a viable project to be implemented, for dealing with issues of the reality of a business, such as the startup object of work. Relevance / originality: The proposed business model is innovative, as it is unprecedented in the country, since there is still no application in this market connecting musicians, luthiers and suppliers. Contributions to management: The complexity in preparing the work was high, as it required the support of several companies and professionals for the development of software in language for mobile devices, which allowed the integration with electronic payment solutions, , care with data protection and privacy, hosting services and support of the post-implementation solution, in addition to business disclosure and administration services.
研究目的:通过数字化平台,将音乐家和乐器从业者的需求与制琴师和制琴工具和配件供应商的需求(乐器的制作、调节、维修和修复)联系起来。方法:从机会的迹象开始,收集有关巴西制琴市场的信息,并进行研究,以了解音乐家,制琴师和供应商的需求,从而产生了提案,包括资源的定义,行动计划,经济可行性分析,实施和评估。主要成果:它的实施从平台的开发开始,并在一家圣保罗咨询公司的实验室进行创业孵化谈判。方法上的贡献:解决问题和利用机会的方法使可行项目的细化得以实施,以处理业务的现实问题,例如工作的启动对象。相关性/原创性:提出的商业模式是创新的,因为这在国内是前所未有的,因为在这个连接音乐家,制琴师和供应商的市场上还没有应用。对管理的贡献:准备工作的复杂性很高,因为它需要几家公司和专业人员的支持,以便为移动设备开发语言软件,从而允许与电子支付解决方案集成,关心数据保护和隐私,托管服务和支持实施后解决方案,以及业务披露和管理服务。
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引用次数: 0
Elements generators of social entrepreneurs’ dimensions 社会企业家维度的要素生成器
Pub Date : 2022-11-17 DOI: 10.14211/ibjesb.e2097
Valéria Gonçalves Vieira, V. M. Oliveira, A. F. Chim-Miki
Purpose: this study has a dual objective. First, it aims to identify the main academic literature elements of entrepreneurship which are measurement aspects. Second, to extract the dimensions associated with social entrepreneurship and pointing out its potential categories of analysis. Methodology: it is bibliographic research that reviewed the entrepreneurship models published in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. These models and their elements were analyzed using a qualitative methodology of content analysis with extraction supported by the Iramuteq software. Also, a lexical analysis was applied to allow the use of Descending Hierarchical Classification (CHD) and Similarity analysis techniques. Main findings: the analysis of studies that measure entrepreneurship pointed to the existence of two dimensions. First dimension towards traditional entrepreneurship. The second dimension aims at social entrepreneurship, and despite it is independent, this dimension uses aspects of traditional entrepreneurship. However, this new dimension is gaining its own space and, in the future, it may occupy the status of a paradigm. Theoretical/methodological contributions: qualitative data were treated quantitatively, allowing the statistical analysis of the dimensions used by entrepreneurship researchers and the subfield of social entrepreneurship. Therefore, the research identified relevant variables, which can be empirically validated to develop new instruments for measuring entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurship. Originality/value: the research identified the elements of measurement of entrepreneurship. Thus, the results contribute to guiding researchers in the construction of models or measurement instruments and the findings and present an overview of the field. Practical & Social implications: social entrepreneurship mitigates several social problems. Thus, studies of reviews that support future management tools in this subfield contribute to society and managers.
目的:本研究具有双重目的。首先,它旨在确定创业的主要学术文献要素,即测量方面。其次,提取与社会企业家精神相关的维度,并指出其潜在的分析类别。方法:这是文献研究,回顾了在Web of Science和Scopus数据库中发表的创业模式。这些模型及其元素使用内容分析的定性方法进行分析,并由Iramuteq软件支持提取。此外,还应用了词法分析来允许使用下降层次分类(CHD)和相似度分析技术。主要发现:对衡量企业家精神的研究的分析指出了两个维度的存在。第一个面向传统创业的维度。第二个维度针对社会企业家精神,尽管它是独立的,但这个维度使用了传统企业家精神的各个方面。然而,这个新的维度正在获得自己的空间,在未来,它可能会占据范式的地位。理论/方法贡献:对定性数据进行定量处理,允许对创业研究人员和社会创业子领域使用的维度进行统计分析。因此,本研究确定了相关变量,可以对其进行实证验证,以开发新的衡量企业家精神和社会企业家精神的工具。独创性/价值:研究确定了衡量企业家精神的要素。因此,这些结果有助于指导研究人员在模型或测量仪器的构建和发现,并提出了该领域的概述。实践和社会影响:社会企业家精神减轻了几个社会问题。因此,支持这一子领域未来管理工具的评论研究对社会和管理者都有贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Performance of spin-offs and Brazilian startups: A study on technological evolution based on entrepreneurship and networks 分拆绩效与巴西初创企业:基于企业家精神和网络的技术演进研究
Pub Date : 2022-11-17 DOI: 10.14211/ibjesb.e2103
Brenno Buarque de Lima, S. Câmara, B. Fischer, Rafaela Cajado Magalhães
Objective: to understand the relationships in advance of technological maturity and organizational performance in academic spin-offs and Brazilian startups. Method: quantitative research, with the application of 62 questionnaires, 17 of which were used as a pre-test. Originality/Relevance: this paper develops an approach oriented towards knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship in the context of a developing country, using data obtained from academic spin-offs and startups, based on an original model that relates the studied constructs. Results: empirical results made it possible to highlight the importance of Entrepreneurial Orientation as an antecedent of both Knowledge Conversion Capacity and Network Capacity. Theoretical/methodological contributions: aspects related to Entrepreneurial Orientation, Knowledge Conversion Capacity, Network Capacity and Technological Maturity were articulated in a conceptual model with a view to ultimately identifying the determinant mechanisms of Organizational Performance. Social/Management Contributions: the findings underscore the role of the ecosystem as a critical meta-structure for entrepreneurial development. This is because the components of the Entrepreneurial Orientation at the firm level are intrinsically connected with the diffusion of a culture of entrepreneurship in the agents. Additionally, both the Knowledge Conversion Capacity and the Network Capacity encompass the dynamics of interactions and knowledge flows between the firm and agents with complementary capacities. Thus, the results of this research underscore the need to develop a systemic orientation for understanding new knowledge-intensive enterprises.
目的:了解学术分拆和巴西创业公司技术成熟度与组织绩效的关系。方法:定量研究,共发放问卷62份,其中17份为预测问卷。原创性/相关性:本文基于与所研究结构相关的原始模型,利用从学术衍生企业和初创企业获得的数据,开发了一种面向发展中国家背景下知识密集型创业的方法。结果:实证结果可以突出创业导向作为知识转化能力和网络能力的前因变量的重要性。理论/方法贡献:在一个概念模型中阐述了与创业导向、知识转换能力、网络能力和技术成熟度有关的方面,以期最终确定组织绩效的决定机制。社会/管理贡献:研究结果强调了生态系统作为创业发展的关键元结构的作用。这是因为企业层面的创业取向的组成部分与企业家精神文化在代理人中的传播有着内在的联系。此外,知识转换能力和网络能力都包含了企业与具有互补能力的代理人之间的互动和知识流动的动态。因此,本研究的结果强调需要发展一个系统的方向来理解新的知识密集型企业。
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引用次数: 0
Entrepreneurship teaching: A study about best practices and antecedents of Brazilian teachers 创业教学:巴西教师最佳实践与前因之研究
Pub Date : 2022-11-16 DOI: 10.14211/ibjesb.e2133
Artur Tavares Vilas Boas Ribeiro, C. A. Ferragi, Maria Angelica do Carmo Zanotto, André Coimbra Felix Cardoso
Objective: to know concrete practices of teaching entrepreneurship, as well as the professional/academic background of teachers, in order to fill gaps observed in the literature on the subject. Method: data collection of entrepreneurship teachers recognized for their classroom practice (selected by the snowball procedure), through 10 semi-structured and in-depth interviews, examined by the content analysis technique. Results: identification of 30 best practices, categorized according to their emphases and respective bases, highlighted here in parentheses. They are: (a) learning (projects), (b) learning (problems), (c) reflective exercises, (d) expository (cases), (e) expository (invited entrepreneurs), and (f) expository (debates and quizzes). After detailing the activities, findings about the teachers' background were presented, in a complementary way, such as entrepreneurial experience, professional and international experiences, corroborating the existing literature on the subject. Theoretical/methodological contributions: by presenting boundaries, in terms of classroom approaches, the best practices contribute to the literature, as they strengthen the arguments in favor of experiential models, as well as project-based or problem-based learning. In addition, the results confirm what the literature points out in relation to the antecedents of entrepreneurship teachers Originality/Relevance: this study deepens the understanding of best practices in entrepreneurship education, something previously mentioned as superficial and generic (Gedeon, 2014). Social/managerial contributions: the results allow entrepreneurship teachers to replicate best practices within their educational settings, as the paper provides a wide range of detailed pedagogical practices that they might employ.
目的:了解创业教学的具体实践,以及教师的专业/学术背景,以填补该主题文献中的空白。方法:收集经课堂实践认可的创业教师(采用滚雪球法筛选)的数据,通过10次半结构化和深度访谈,采用内容分析技术进行检验。结果:确定了30个最佳实践,根据其重点和各自的基础进行分类,在括号中突出显示。它们是:(a)学习(项目),(b)学习(问题),(c)反思练习,(d)说明性(案例),(e)说明性(邀请的企业家)和(f)说明性(辩论和测验)。在详细介绍了活动之后,以一种互补的方式介绍了关于教师背景的发现,例如创业经验、专业经验和国际经验,证实了有关该主题的现有文献。理论/方法贡献:通过提出边界,在课堂方法方面,最佳实践对文献做出了贡献,因为它们加强了支持经验模型的论点,以及基于项目或基于问题的学习。此外,研究结果证实了文献中关于创业教师的前因由独创性/相关性的观点:本研究加深了对创业教育最佳实践的理解,而这在之前被认为是肤浅和泛泛的(Gedeon, 2014)。社会/管理贡献:研究结果允许创业教师在他们的教育环境中复制最佳实践,因为论文提供了他们可能采用的广泛的详细教学实践。
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引用次数: 0
Is growing easy? That is what you think! – The Jully Beauty and Makeup 成长容易吗?你就是这么想的!——《七月美容与化妆
Pub Date : 2022-11-13 DOI: 10.14211/ibjesb.e2228
Í. Santos, Halana Adelino Brandão
Objective: The case reports the difficulties found by entrepreneurs Isabela and Daniel in the implementation and growth of Jully Beleza e Makeup. The company's history, which emerged from a business plan prepared by Isabela, portrays the traditional barriers faced by entrepreneurs in business growth, such as lack of access to credit and low credibility on the part of suppliers. Although the company has enjoyed a good period of leadership in the market and high revenues, entrepreneurs are faced with new and peculiar challenges that affect the growth of the organization. The discussion of the present case seeks to promote reflections on the difficulties encountered by entrepreneurs in the process of growing a business. The data for the construction of the work were collected from an unstructured interview, carried out with the founders of the company in question. The application of the case is indicated in subjects related to the development of competence and skills for entrepreneurial training, such as entrepreneurship, strategy and business games.
目的:本案例报告了企业家Isabela和Daniel在实施和发展Jully Beleza e Makeup过程中遇到的困难。该公司的历史源于伊莎贝拉准备的一份商业计划,描绘了企业家在业务增长中面临的传统障碍,例如缺乏获得信贷的渠道和供应商的低可信度。尽管公司在市场上享有良好的领导地位和高收入,但企业家们面临着影响组织发展的新的特殊挑战。本案例的讨论旨在促进对企业家在发展企业过程中遇到的困难的思考。构建这项工作的数据是从与公司创始人进行的非结构化访谈中收集的。案例应用于与创业培训能力和技能发展有关的科目,如创业精神、战略和商业游戏。
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引用次数: 0
Socioeconomic determinants of the individual micro-entrepreneur (IME) 个体微型企业家(IME)的社会经济决定因素
Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.14211/ibjesb.e2070
Mateus Cerqueira Anício Morais, M. Emmendoerfer, José Ricardo Vitória, W. Mendes
Objective: identifying the possible relationships between socioeconomic variables and the manifestation of the Individual Micro-Entrepreneur (IME). Methodology/approach: from the survey of characteristics of the IME, in databases in the Brazilian scope, under a quantitative approach, multiple regression analysis was applied, including social and economic variables of municipalities in Minas Gerais. Main results: there are significant effects of the variables education, income, and basic sanitation on the proportion of IME at the municipal level. Their values show that better socioeconomic conditions are inversely related to the IME. Theoretical/methodological contributions: this study contributes to the discussion on entrepreneurship policies and the types of businesses to be promoted by governments. It identifies its explanatory variables in developing countries. Relevance/originality: this study (a) strengthens the scientific construction based on the results of the institution of the legal framework of the IME in Brazil; and (b) it delves into issues related to the effect of socioeconomic variables on IME, covering entrepreneurship “for survival” and as a “lifestyle” – themes that are still little explored by the academic literature, especially when it involves developing countries. Social/management contributions: in practical terms, to present the social and economic realities of entrepreneurs benefiting from the IME legal apparatus provides grounds for reflecting and analyzing the expected effects of this public policy.
目的:确定社会经济变量与个体微型企业家(IME)表现之间可能存在的关系。方法/方法:根据对巴西范围内数据基的综合环境特征的调查,采用了定量方法,采用了多重回归分析,包括米纳斯吉拉斯州各城市的社会和经济变量。主要结果:教育程度、收入、基本卫生条件等变量对市级IME比例有显著影响。它们的值表明,较好的社会经济条件与IME呈负相关。理论/方法贡献:本研究有助于讨论创业政策和政府应促进的企业类型。它确定了发展中国家的解释变量。相关性/原创性:本研究(a)加强了基于巴西IME法律框架制度成果的科学建构;(b)它深入研究了与社会经济变量对IME的影响相关的问题,涵盖了“为了生存”的创业和作为一种“生活方式”的创业——这些主题在学术文献中仍然很少被探索,特别是当它涉及到发展中国家时。社会/管理方面的贡献:从实际意义上讲,为反映和分析这一公共政策的预期效果提供了依据,以展示受益于国际货币基金组织法律机构的企业家的社会和经济现实。
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引用次数: 2
Reflections on entrepreneurial ecosystems, citizen collectives and basic income 关于创业生态系统、公民集体和基本收入的思考
Pub Date : 2022-10-07 DOI: 10.14211/ibjesb.e2325
F. Gimenez
Objective: To propose entrepreneurial ecosystems could evolve into citizen collectives that, besides creating a favorable environment for entrepreneurial activities, would also be capable of providing a basic income for every citizen in its context. Methodology/design: The text is an essay based on extant literature about entrepreneurial ecosystems, universal basic income, and citizen collectives. Main results: I argue that entrepreneurial ecosystems may be seen as citizen collectives. As such, based on the leadership of a region’s entrepreneurial community, they can foster society’s sustainable development. I propose that basic income initiatives should be included as an expected output of a sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems. Theorethical/Methodological contributions: I propose that this view of entrepreneurial ecosystem is relevant for a better understanding of the dynamics of sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems and their creation of value for society. Relevance/originality: This is a gap in the literature, since no previous papers have approached entrepreneurial ecosystems under this theoretical lens. Entrepreneurial ecosystems, in the form modern citizen collectives, can be an alternative to and complement government and market actions. Social/management contributions: Entrepreneurial ecosystems, as collective of entrepreneurs, would enhance the survival of enterprises and, at the same time, help build a more inclusive society. From the expected positive benefits of basic income initiative could emerge better prepared potential entrepreneurs focused on innovative entrepreneurship, and an increase in the number of traditional small-firms and self-employed people whose entrepreneurial initiatives would emerge from a safer financial situation that allows riskier behavior.
目的:提出创业生态系统可以演变为公民集体,除了为创业活动创造有利的环境外,还可以为其背景下的每个公民提供基本收入。方法/设计:本文是一篇基于关于创业生态系统、普遍基本收入和公民集体的现有文献的文章。主要结果:我认为创业生态系统可以被视为公民集体。因此,在一个地区的企业家社区的领导下,他们可以促进社会的可持续发展。我建议,基本收入倡议应被纳入可持续创业生态系统的预期产出。理论/方法贡献:我认为这种创业生态系统的观点与更好地理解可持续创业生态系统的动态及其为社会创造价值有关。相关性/原创性:这是文献中的一个空白,因为之前没有论文在这个理论视角下研究创业生态系统。企业生态系统,以现代公民集体的形式,可以替代和补充政府和市场行为。社会/管理贡献:企业家生态系统作为企业家的集体,将提高企业的生存能力,同时有助于建立一个更具包容性的社会。从基本收入倡议的预期积极效益中,可能出现准备更充分、专注于创新创业精神的潜在企业家,并增加传统小企业和自营职业者的数量,这些人的创业倡议将从更安全的财务状况中产生,从而允许更冒险的行为。
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引用次数: 1
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REGEPE - Revista de Empreendedorismo e Gestão de Pequenas Empresas
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