Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-1-225-235
V. Goran
The paper brings light to the conceptual foundations of the following discrepancies between the ideological positions of Hobbes and Spinoza. Rejecting the existence of the unnatural, Hobbes recognized the reality of the supernatural as the alleged result of a violation by the biblical god of what is happening according to the laws that he gave to nature created by him. Spinoza, identifying God with nature, recognized only the eternal natural, i.e. uncreated, and, practically identifying the supernatural and the unnatural, denied their existence. The recognition by Hobbes of the supernatural actually reveals his increased attention to the essential specifics of man, which are manifested in his creative activity, which creates from natural material that, which nature itself does not create. Hobbes gives this specific human ability to God. Spinoza, however, proceeds from the fact that nature itself realizes all its possibilities. He regards man as a part of nature and, accordingly, does not evaluate anything created by man as something superior to what exists in nature.
{"title":"T. Hobbes and B. Spinoza on the Relationship between the Natural, the Supernatural and the Unnatural","authors":"V. Goran","doi":"10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-1-225-235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-1-225-235","url":null,"abstract":"The paper brings light to the conceptual foundations of the following discrepancies between the ideological positions of Hobbes and Spinoza. Rejecting the existence of the unnatural, Hobbes recognized the reality of the supernatural as the alleged result of a violation by the biblical god of what is happening according to the laws that he gave to nature created by him. Spinoza, identifying God with nature, recognized only the eternal natural, i.e. uncreated, and, practically identifying the supernatural and the unnatural, denied their existence. The recognition by Hobbes of the supernatural actually reveals his increased attention to the essential specifics of man, which are manifested in his creative activity, which creates from natural material that, which nature itself does not create. Hobbes gives this specific human ability to God. Spinoza, however, proceeds from the fact that nature itself realizes all its possibilities. He regards man as a part of nature and, accordingly, does not evaluate anything created by man as something superior to what exists in nature.","PeriodicalId":240316,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Philosophy","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130523746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-3-271-284
P. A. Gorokhov, E. Yuzhaninova
The article discusses the main elements of Goethe’s spiritual influence on Hegel’s philosophical constructions and the influence of the Hegelian system on Goethe’s whole worldview. The views of Goethe and Hegel on history, nature, free human spirit and philosophy itself, as the basis of productive human culture, largely coincided genetically from a single temporal and sociocultural flow. The relations between Goethe and Hegel make it possible to distinguish between the notions of “philosopher” and “thinker”: the so-called “professional” philosopher has a tendency towards systematicity, and with a thinker the systematism develops into integrity.
{"title":"Goethe and Hegel: The Tninker’s Integrity and the Philosopher’s Systematicity","authors":"P. A. Gorokhov, E. Yuzhaninova","doi":"10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-3-271-284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-3-271-284","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the main elements of Goethe’s spiritual influence on Hegel’s philosophical constructions and the influence of the Hegelian system on Goethe’s whole worldview. The views of Goethe and Hegel on history, nature, free human spirit and philosophy itself, as the basis of productive human culture, largely coincided genetically from a single temporal and sociocultural flow. The relations between Goethe and Hegel make it possible to distinguish between the notions of “philosopher” and “thinker”: the so-called “professional” philosopher has a tendency towards systematicity, and with a thinker the systematism develops into integrity.","PeriodicalId":240316,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Philosophy","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127015450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-2-199-211
G. Drach, E. Shashlova
A detailed assessment of the analysis of methodological problems of the history of philosophy is given, which is essential in A. A. Krotov's book "Philosophy of the history of philosophy in France (the problem of laws in the development of intellectual culture)" (Moscow: Moscow state University Publ., 2018). As one of the features that determine the specificity of this book, it is indicated that this is the first Russian-language generalizing understanding of the history of French philosophy, considered as a phenomenon of intellectual culture of France from the early Modern to the present time. At the same time, the main attention is paid to the identification and analysis in the reviewed book of Krotov of the laws of the development of intellectual culture in France of the considered historical time. And the main result of this analysis is that Krotov manages to show convincingly how the concepts of French philosophers are embedded in the intellectual history of France. Marked by unacceptable for Krotov prevalent today positions the consent with the death of philosophy. As the main advantage of his book under review, it is noted that the French history of philosophy is presented as a conceptual self-assessment carried out by philosophy itself.
{"title":"On the Prospects and progress in Philosophy","authors":"G. Drach, E. Shashlova","doi":"10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-2-199-211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-2-199-211","url":null,"abstract":"A detailed assessment of the analysis of methodological problems of the history of philosophy is given, which is essential in A. A. Krotov's book \"Philosophy of the history of philosophy in France (the problem of laws in the development of intellectual culture)\" (Moscow: Moscow state University Publ., 2018). As one of the features that determine the specificity of this book, it is indicated that this is the first Russian-language generalizing understanding of the history of French philosophy, considered as a phenomenon of intellectual culture of France from the early Modern to the present time. At the same time, the main attention is paid to the identification and analysis in the reviewed book of Krotov of the laws of the development of intellectual culture in France of the considered historical time. And the main result of this analysis is that Krotov manages to show convincingly how the concepts of French philosophers are embedded in the intellectual history of France. Marked by unacceptable for Krotov prevalent today positions the consent with the death of philosophy. As the main advantage of his book under review, it is noted that the French history of philosophy is presented as a conceptual self-assessment carried out by philosophy itself.","PeriodicalId":240316,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Philosophy","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113972536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-2-99-114
O. Domanov
The article is devoted to the concept of context in historical-philosophical contextualism which is examined using the example of M. Bevir’s approach. Bevir’s criticism of the notion of context in predecessors’ theories presupposes a semantical shift, which is the main topic of the article. As the most important characteristic of Bevir’s approach the indeterminism of explanation in contrast to the determinism of understanding is singled out. We show that this characteristic stems from Bevir’s rejection of the interpretational semantic paradigm. This permits him to understand context as something that does not fix understanding but rather poses a problem demanding a creative solution.
{"title":"The Concept of Context in Mark Bevir’s Contextualism","authors":"O. Domanov","doi":"10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-2-99-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-2-99-114","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the concept of context in historical-philosophical contextualism\u0000which is examined using the example of M. Bevir’s approach. Bevir’s criticism of the notion of context in predecessors’ theories presupposes a semantical shift, which is the main \u0000topic of the article. As the most important characteristic of Bevir’s approach the indeterminism of explanation in contrast to the determinism of understanding is singled out. We show that this characteristic stems from Bevir’s rejection of the interpretational semantic paradigm. This permits him to understand context as something that does not fix understanding but rather poses a problem demanding a creative solution.","PeriodicalId":240316,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Philosophy","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131545405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-3-328-335
E. Erokhina, E. Lbova, G. Solodova
The multi-ethnic and multi-confessional nature of the Russian Federation sets the task of forming the Strategy of the state national policy. In addition to state structures – the Presidential Council, the Federal Agency for Nationalities – the scientific potential must be included in this process. The joint work of various experts in the field of ethnopolitics provides conceptual grounds for the competent solution of interethnic issues and the integration of Russia's social space.
{"title":"Integration of the Russian Social Space in the Focus of the XIII Congress of Anthropologists and Ethnologists of Russia","authors":"E. Erokhina, E. Lbova, G. Solodova","doi":"10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-3-328-335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-3-328-335","url":null,"abstract":"The multi-ethnic and multi-confessional nature of the Russian Federation sets the task of forming the Strategy of the state national policy. In addition to state structures – the Presidential Council, the Federal Agency for Nationalities – the scientific potential must be included in this process. The joint work of various experts in the field of ethnopolitics provides conceptual grounds for the competent solution of interethnic issues and the integration of Russia's social space.","PeriodicalId":240316,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Philosophy","volume":"59 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127614365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-3-41-50
A. Antipov
Suicidal behavior in the modern scientific world is considered from the perspective of different disciplines (sociology, anthropology, philosophy, etc.), but psychiatry stands out in this list, because it can directly impact the suicider. Antipsychiatry, considered as a space of problematization and criticism of psychiatry, concerns both the foundation of psychiatry and individual situations related to the implementation by psychiatrists of their functions. This is why the phenomenon of suicide attracts the attention of one of the prominent representatives of the American anti-psychiatrist movement – T. Szasz. The key point in suicide analysis for Т. Szasz is that suicide is considered as a phenomenon closely associated with mental disease, thus, it is medicalized. In this case, it becomes much more important, why suicide as a phenomenon turns into an object of study of psychiatry. Т. Szasz refers to this transformation as a transition from a sin-and-crime to an illness-as-excuse. He fairly points out that the emergence of an explanatory suicide model within the framework of psychiatry made it possible for suiciders to change their category from those accused and rejected from Christian burial and rights of inheritance to those affected by a disease, and requiring medical treatment. Besides, Т. Szasz emphasizes the situation, in which suiciders find themselves in a mental health institution. The main feature of this situation is restriction of personal freedom and the ability to have a life worth living.
{"title":"Medicalization of Suicide as an Antipsychiatry Problem","authors":"A. Antipov","doi":"10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-3-41-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-3-41-50","url":null,"abstract":"Suicidal behavior in the modern scientific world is considered from the perspective of different disciplines (sociology, anthropology, philosophy, etc.), but psychiatry stands out in this list, because it can directly impact the suicider. Antipsychiatry, considered as a space of problematization and criticism of psychiatry, concerns both the foundation of psychiatry and individual situations related to the implementation by psychiatrists of their functions. This is why the phenomenon of suicide attracts the attention of one of the prominent representatives of the American anti-psychiatrist movement – T. Szasz. The key point in suicide analysis for Т. Szasz is that suicide is considered as a phenomenon closely associated with mental disease, thus, it is medicalized. In this case, it becomes much more important, why suicide as a phenomenon turns into an object of study of psychiatry. Т. Szasz refers to this transformation as a transition from a sin-and-crime to an illness-as-excuse. He fairly points out that the emergence of an explanatory suicide model within the framework of psychiatry made it possible for suiciders to change their category from those accused and rejected from Christian burial and rights of inheritance to those affected by a disease, and requiring medical treatment. Besides, Т. Szasz emphasizes the situation, in which suiciders find themselves in a mental health institution. The main feature of this situation is restriction of personal freedom and the ability to have a life worth living.","PeriodicalId":240316,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Philosophy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131250611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-1-216-224
A. Streltsov
This article deals with a variety of opinions concerning impassibility of God in the early Christian thought of the first three centuries. Along with obvious similarities of this concept with the stance of the ancient philosophical theology certain differences also present themselves, the most obvious of which marks the presence of theopaschite formulas due to the doctrine of Incarnation. The viewpoints stretch from the rigid insistence on impassibility (Apologists, Clement of Alexandria) to a more flexible approach of Origen and, finally, to the statement that it is possible to speak of the divine suffering in some sense (Gregory Thaumaturgus). With no unified terminology worked out, Patristics of this period, nevertheless, managed to lay an appropriate framework enabling the development of metaphysics of «impassible suffering» of God in subsequent Christian philosophy.
{"title":"Integration of Divine Impassibility with the Theopaschite Formulas in Early Christianity","authors":"A. Streltsov","doi":"10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-1-216-224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-1-216-224","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with a variety of opinions concerning impassibility of God in the early Christian thought of the first three centuries. Along with obvious similarities of this concept with the stance of the ancient philosophical theology certain differences also present themselves, the most obvious of which marks the presence of theopaschite formulas due to the doctrine of Incarnation. The viewpoints stretch from the rigid insistence on impassibility (Apologists, Clement of Alexandria) to a more flexible approach of Origen and, finally, to the statement that it is possible to speak of the divine suffering in some sense (Gregory Thaumaturgus). With no unified terminology worked out, Patristics of this period, nevertheless, managed to lay an appropriate framework enabling the development of metaphysics of «impassible suffering» of God in subsequent Christian philosophy.","PeriodicalId":240316,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Philosophy","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134647508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2020-18-2-98-107
V. Diev
The paper aims to represent the author’s methodological position that risk is a consequence of the decisions made by the person and is always associated with the person who not only makes a choice, but also evaluates the probabilities of possible events and associated losses. Taking a risk, the person chooses an alternative that is the result of her decision, although the possible results are not exactly known to her. The key to managing risk is the issue of measuring it. The law of large numbers by J. Bernoulli and related methodological and philosophical issues are considered. The significance of the St. Petersburg paradox for the modern understanding of risk is shown. Our thesis is that decision-making under the conditions of risk is not a person’s collision with circumstances independent of her, but a conscious and rational choice.
{"title":"Methodological Foundations of Risk Analysis, Assessmentand Management","authors":"V. Diev","doi":"10.25205/2541-7517-2020-18-2-98-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2020-18-2-98-107","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to represent the author’s methodological position that risk is a consequence of the decisions made by the person and is always associated with the person who not only makes a choice, but also evaluates the probabilities of possible events and associated losses. Taking a risk, the person chooses an alternative that is the result of her decision, although the possible results are not exactly known to her. The key to managing risk is the issue of measuring it. The law of large numbers by J. Bernoulli and related methodological and philosophical issues are considered. The significance of the St. Petersburg paradox for the modern understanding of risk is shown. Our thesis is that decision-making under the conditions of risk is not a person’s collision with circumstances independent of her, but a conscious and rational choice.","PeriodicalId":240316,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Philosophy","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124967471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2020-18-2-48-58
V. Tselishchev, A. V. Khlebalin
The paper is devoted to the study of the divergence of the intensionalist and extensionalist traditions in the foundations of mathematics. One of the important manifestations of this discrepancy was the debate on the status of the Axiom of Choice. In particular, we argue that Russell's challenging Axioms of the Choice is connected with his intensionalist philosophy of mathematics and the extensionalist approach of Zermelo. It is shown that the opposition of the intensionalist and extensionalist approaches includes such key problems of the philosophy of mathematics as the epistemological features of theorems and axioms, the nature of logical-philosophical analysis, and the role of logic in mathematics.
{"title":"The Gap between the Intensional and Extensional in Mathematics","authors":"V. Tselishchev, A. V. Khlebalin","doi":"10.25205/2541-7517-2020-18-2-48-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2020-18-2-48-58","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is devoted to the study of the divergence of the intensionalist and extensionalist traditions in the foundations of mathematics. One of the important manifestations of this discrepancy was the debate on the status of the Axiom of Choice. In particular, we argue that Russell's challenging Axioms of the Choice is connected with his intensionalist philosophy of mathematics and the extensionalist approach of Zermelo. It is shown that the opposition of the intensionalist and extensionalist approaches includes such key problems of the philosophy of mathematics as the epistemological features of theorems and axioms, the nature of logical-philosophical analysis, and the role of logic in mathematics.","PeriodicalId":240316,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Philosophy","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129788020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-4-144-156
I. S. Tarbastaeva
In the sociocultural space of Russia, there are three main and independent Buddhist centers: Kalmyk, Buryat and Tuvan. An analysis of geopolitical landmarks, ideological position, and large religious organizations representing this faith in the region shows that three different models of Buddhism as a social institution have developed: globally oriented (Kalmykia), ethnocentric (Buryatia), and regionally oriented (Tuva).
{"title":"Modern models of Buddhism as a social institution in Buryatia, Kalmykia and Tuva","authors":"I. S. Tarbastaeva","doi":"10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-4-144-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2019-17-4-144-156","url":null,"abstract":"In the sociocultural space of Russia, there are three main and independent Buddhist centers: Kalmyk, Buryat and Tuvan. An analysis of geopolitical landmarks, ideological position, and large religious organizations representing this faith in the region shows that three different models of Buddhism as a social institution have developed: globally oriented (Kalmykia), ethnocentric (Buryatia), and regionally oriented (Tuva).","PeriodicalId":240316,"journal":{"name":"Siberian Journal of Philosophy","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129951270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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