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Tradition and Rationality 传统与理性
Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2022-20-1-37-51
N. Misyurov
Transmission of social heritage has a problem of correlation between tradition and rationality. The content of the tradition is explained as the objectification of "collective memory", subjective in nature. This model of social relations and cultural communication links the objective reality and the subject of socialization. Ontological and cognitive warps in the structure of collective experience affect the results of intellectual activity in modern society. It is concluded that tradition, not identical to traditionalism and conservatism, transforming the facts of the past into values of modernity, regulates social practice and marks mentally conditioned stereotypes of social behavior of the individual.
社会遗产的传承存在着传统与理性的关联问题。传统的内容被解释为“集体记忆”的客观化,本质上是主观的。这种社会关系和文化交流模式将客观现实与社会化主体联系起来。集体经验结构中的本体论和认知扭曲影响着现代社会智力活动的结果。结论是,传统,不等同于传统主义和保守主义,将过去的事实转化为现代性的价值观,规范社会实践,标志着个人社会行为的心理条件刻板印象。
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引用次数: 0
Polarization of the Geocultural Space of Local Communities of Eurasia 欧亚大陆地方社区地缘文化空间的两极分化
Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2022-20-1-26-36
V. Shmakov
The article deals with the problem of the transformation of socio-cultural development of Russia in the context of globalization changes in the world development. The search for the possibility of combining the universalization and localization of the transformation processes of geocultural space, actualizing the problems of intercultural interaction, influencing the content and forms of transformation. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the most significant approaches to the problem of understanding geoculture, local conditions of transformation of socio-cultural space. From a methodological point of view, the use of the civilizational approach makes it possible to identify the specifics of the socio-cultural development of local communities, to trace the interrelationships, the relationship of general civilizational universals and local identity. The use of the geocultural paradigm of explaining and understanding the state of the world socio-cultural development contributes to solving the problem of the correlation of locality and globality, achieving a balance of trust and cooperation in international relations based on a respectful dialogue. As a basic conclusion, we note that two trends are being formed, two multidirectional vectors of movement in the development of the geocultural situation are being established. On the one hand, there is a process of forming models of socio-cultural behavior depending on the resources and technologies available to the community, expressed in an attempt to preserve the traditional way of life. On the other hand, in their development, local communities are subject to the general laws of transformation in the context of global and regional restructuring. These models of socio-cultural behavior unite communities in a specific socio-territorial location.
本文论述了在世界发展的全球化变化背景下,俄罗斯社会文化发展的转型问题。寻找将地缘文化空间转型过程的普遍性和本土化结合起来的可能性,实现跨文化互动的问题,影响转型的内容和形式。主要关注的是对理解地理文化问题的最重要方法的分析,社会文化空间转型的当地条件。从方法论的角度来看,使用文明方法可以确定地方社区社会文化发展的具体情况,追踪相互关系,一般文明普遍性和地方认同的关系。使用地缘文化范式来解释和理解世界社会文化发展状况,有助于解决地方性和全球性的相互关系问题,在尊重对话的基础上在国际关系中实现信任与合作的平衡。作为一个基本结论,我们注意到两种趋势正在形成,地理文化形势发展的两个多向运动矢量正在建立。一方面,有一个形成社会文化行为模式的过程,这取决于社区可用的资源和技术,其表现形式是为了保存传统的生活方式。另一方面,地方社区在其发展过程中受制于全球和区域结构调整背景下的一般变革规律。这些社会文化行为模式将特定社会领土上的社区团结起来。
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引用次数: 0
Virtual Communication Development in Youth Scientific and Educational Space 青少年科教空间的虚拟交流发展
Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2022-20-1-63-75
V. Petrov, E. Lbova
The intensive virtualization of the scientific and educational space, which is taking place under the influence of globalization transformations, seriously limits the real interaction of potential participants in scientific projects and events, especially at the international level, but significantly expands the geography.At the same time, the role of youth scientific communities is growing, which, dynamically adapting to the digital transformations of the environment, are able to form new traditions that have a serious impact on the vector of promising scientific research.
在全球化变革的影响下,科学和教育空间的密集虚拟化严重限制了科学项目和事件的潜在参与者的真正互动,特别是在国际层面上,但极大地扩大了地理范围。与此同时,青年科学界的作用正在增强,他们动态地适应环境的数字化转型,能够形成新的传统,对有前途的科学研究的载体产生严重影响。
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引用次数: 0
Ethics as Ontology of Management 伦理学作为管理本体论
Pub Date : 2022-06-10 DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2022-20-1-15-25
R. Nigomatullina
The article is devoted to substantiating the position that modern management is necessarily associated with value ideas that have a contextual, spatio-temporal nature. Ethics as a system of moral principles creates the cultural basis on which management is built. It is shown that the antinomy of normative and applied ethics is relevant for the conceptualization of the ethical basis of the managerial process: the possible contemporary forms of normative and applied ethics applicable to modern problematic managerial situations are described. Also, using the example of integration as a function of management and goal setting (the ratio of goals and means), the ethical potential for rationalizing management activities is revealed.
这篇文章致力于证实这样一种观点,即现代管理必然与具有上下文、时空性质的价值观念有关。伦理作为一套道德原则,创造了管理赖以建立的文化基础。它表明,规范和应用伦理学的矛盾与管理过程的伦理基础的概念化有关:描述了适用于现代问题管理情况的规范和应用伦理学的可能的当代形式。此外,以整合作为管理和目标设定(目标与手段的比率)的功能为例,揭示了使管理活动合理化的伦理潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Philosophy of Management in a World of Uncertainty and Risk 不确定和风险世界中的管理哲学
Pub Date : 2022-06-09 DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2022-20-1-5-14
V. Diev
The paper deals with the problems of philosophy of management in the modem world of uncertainty and risk. The author believes that acquaintance with the basics of management increases the competitiveness of graduates of philosophical faculties in the labor market. The paper focuses on the existence of objective uncertainty and the methodological significance of this factor. The ability to quantify the probability of the realization of possible events makes it possible to conceptually distinguish between situations of risk and situations of uncertainty. Risk is a consequence of the decision, and its assessment is subjective. Risk and uncertainty are the most important factors of modern management, while rationality and risk are not antipodes, and decision-making under risk conditions involves a conscious and rational choice. We emphasize that in modern social science there is a transformation of scientific rationality, and core to the conclusion that today the foundations for a rational approach to decision-making are risk assessment and risk management.
本文探讨了不确定性和风险的现代世界中的管理哲学问题。作者认为,对经营基础的了解可以提高哲学系毕业生在劳动市场上的竞争力。本文重点讨论了客观不确定性的存在及其方法论意义。量化可能事件实现的概率的能力使得从概念上区分风险情况和不确定情况成为可能。风险是决策的结果,其评估是主观的。风险和不确定性是现代管理中最重要的因素,而理性和风险并不是对立的,风险条件下的决策是一种有意识的、理性的选择。我们强调,在现代社会科学中,存在着科学理性的转变,其核心结论是,今天理性决策方法的基础是风险评估和风险管理。
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引用次数: 0
Philosophical and Sociological Perspectives of Consideration of the Problem of Ideology 意识形态问题的哲学与社会学视角
Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2021-19-4-99-116
I. Demin
The article focuses on the difference between the two perspectives of considering the phenomenon of ideology: philosophical and socio-empirical. To describe the philosophical aspect of the problem of ideology, the term “ideological paradigm” is introduced. The distinction between ideology as a specific set of beliefs and ideology as a paradigm of socio-political thinking is implicit in both socio-cognitive and linguistic theories of ideology. The most important problems of the modern theory of ideology cannot be solved without referring to the concept of “ideological paradigm”.
本文着重讨论了哲学和社会经验两种思考意识形态现象的视角的区别。为了描述意识形态问题的哲学方面,引入了“意识形态范式”一词。在意识形态的社会认知理论和语言理论中,意识形态作为一套特定的信仰和作为一种社会政治思维范式的意识形态之间的区别是隐含的。现代意识形态理论的最重要问题,离不开“意识形态范式”的概念。
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引用次数: 0
Intentionality in the Middle Ages: Thomas Aquinas, Duns Scotus, William of Ockham 中世纪的意向性:托马斯·阿奎那、邓斯·司各脱、威廉·奥卡姆
Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2021-19-4-117-135
A. Sanzhenakov
The article presents an overview of medieval approaches to understanding the phenomenon of intentionality. First, the author outlines the approach of Thomas Aquinas, according to which the process of cognition consists in assimilating the intellect to the object of cognition. This theory insists that there is no difference between the form of a real object, thanks to which it exists, and the form of this object in the mind of the cognizing subject. Duns Scotus makes this picture more sophisticated when he begins to distinguish in the mind the sensory image of the cognized thing (phantasma) and the intelligible representation (species) of this thing. William of Ockham, on the other hand, refuses to introduce any additional entities between the object of knowledge and the mind of the knower. This rejection, together with the nominalism, led to the emergence of the concept of mental language, in which there is no place for signs connecting thought and object, instead, a direct connection between the spoken word and the corresponding mental words is postulated. In conclusion, the author considers the problem of the justification and legitimacy of the discovery of proto-phenomenological concepts in medieval philosophy.
本文概述了中世纪理解意向性现象的方法。首先,作者概述了托马斯·阿奎那的认识方法,根据阿奎那的观点,认识的过程在于将智力同化为认识的对象。这一理论坚持认为,一个真实的客体的形式(由于它的存在)与这个客体在认知主体的头脑中的形式之间没有区别。当Duns Scotus开始在头脑中区分认知事物的感官形象(幻象)和事物的可理解表象(物种)时,他使这幅图景变得更加复杂。另一方面,奥卡姆的威廉拒绝在知识对象和知识者的心灵之间引入任何额外的实体。这种拒绝,连同唯名论,导致了心理语言概念的出现,在这个概念中,没有符号连接思想和对象的地方,相反,口头语言和相应的心理语言之间的直接联系被假设。最后,作者思考了中世纪哲学中原始现象学概念发现的正当性和合法性问题。
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引用次数: 0
Strength and Weakness of E. V. Bulygin’s Logical Positivism. Book Review: Anto nov M. V., Lisanyuk E. N., Tonkov E. N. (eds.). How Is Logic in Law Possible? St. Petersburg, Aleteia, 2021
Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2021-19-4-145-154
E. Bazhenova
The review provides a detailed account of the collective study of the oeuvre of the Russian-Argentinian legal scholar Evgeny Viktorovich Bulygin, the results of which are reflected in the book “How Is Logic in Law Possible?” (M. V. Antonov, E. N. Lisanyuk, E. N. Tonkov (eds.). St. Petersburg: Aleteia, 2021). It is emphasized that the research participants succeeded in carrying out a comprehensive analysis of the merits and deficiencies of Bulygin’s logical positivism. Among the merits, most researchers consider the distinction between the rules of law and normative propositions, in virtue of which legal prescriptions came to lend themselves to logical analysis. The authors associate the weaknesses of logical positivism with its inability to justify normativity, as well as with the shortcomings of deductivism as a model of judicial argumentation.
这篇评论详细介绍了对俄罗斯-阿根廷法律学者叶夫根尼·维克托罗维奇·布里金(Evgeny Viktorovich Bulygin)的全部作品进行的集体研究,其结果反映在《法律中的逻辑如何可能?》(M. V. Antonov, E. N. Lisanyuk, E. N. Tonkov主编)。圣彼得堡:Aleteia出版社,2021)。强调研究参与者成功地对布列金逻辑实证主义的优缺点进行了全面的分析。在这些优点中,大多数研究人员考虑到法律规则和规范性命题之间的区别,正是由于这种区别,法律处方才变得适合于逻辑分析。作者将逻辑实证主义的弱点与它无法证明规范性以及演绎主义作为司法论证模式的缺点联系起来。
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引用次数: 0
Collegially Shared Power: Definition and Criteria 合议分享权力:定义与标准
Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2021-19-4-87-98
D. B. Savelyev
The article focuses on the development of R. Collins’ concept of collegially shared power (CSP). The author formulates a definition of CSP and four criteria associated with the formal separation of powers: 1) the right of parliament to participate in the formation of government; 2) the responsibility of government to parliament; 3) the lack of authority of the head of state to appoint proxies to the legislative institutions; 4) the observance of written law by all branches of powers and their subordinate structures. The obtained results will contribute to a further, more detailed study of the CSP as a key element of democracy.
本文重点研究了R. Collins的合议共享权力(CSP)概念的发展。作者提出了中央政制的定义和与正式三权分立相关的四个标准:1)议会参与政府组建的权利;2)政府对议会的责任;3)国家元首无权任命立法机构的代理人;4)所有权力部门及其下属机构遵守成文法。所取得的结果将有助于进一步、更详细地研究共同战略方案作为民主的一个关键因素。
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引用次数: 1
The First Philosopher of Khakassia (On the 90th Anniversary of Viktor Semyonovich Anzhiganov) 哈卡斯第一哲学家(安日加诺夫90周年纪念)
Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.25205/2541-7517-2021-19-4-136-144
I. Troshkina, S. A. Chebodaeva
On February 10, 2021, the first philosopher of Khakassia turned 90 years old. He represents the scientific and pedagogical community of the region, is the first Khakass researcher of the national issue of the peoples in Siberia, the first specialist in his field at Khakass Research Institute for Language, Literature, and History. The anniversary celebrant’s research and activities are of particular interest to the scientific community, which is due to the relevance of his doctoral dissertation topic, which he did not happen to defend. In this regard, it is important to cover his life. The main direction of the anniversary celebrant’s research has become the formation of socialist nations (the historical experience of the peoples in the Soviet East). V. S. Anzhiganov devoted significant attention to the issues of change of the Khakass’ statehood. The ideas of anniversary celebrant’s played a significant role in the formation of national statehood, ethnic culture of the people.
2021年2月10日,哈卡斯的第一位哲学家迎来了90岁生日。他代表了该地区的科学和教育界,是第一位研究西伯利亚民族问题的哈卡斯研究员,也是哈卡斯语言、文学和历史研究所在该领域的第一位专家。周年庆典人的研究和活动对科学界特别感兴趣,这是由于他的博士论文主题的相关性,他没有碰巧为其辩护。在这方面,重要的是要报道他的生活。周年庆典者研究的主要方向已成为社会主义国家的形成(苏联东部各族人民的历史经验)。v·s·安日加诺夫对改变哈卡斯的国家地位问题给予了极大的关注。纪念思想对民族国家的形成、民族文化的形成起到了重要的作用。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Siberian Journal of Philosophy
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