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The taxonomy of the pill millipede genus Rhopalomeris Verhoeff, 1906, which is restricted to Indochina and currently comprises six described species, is refined and updated. An integrative taxonomic approach was employed that combines morphological examination with DNA barcoding using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for species identification and delineation. The first objective was to confirm the identity of Rhopalomeriscarnifex (Pocock, 1889), a charismatic species known as the "candy pill millipede" due to its vivid coloration, based on specimens collected near the type locality in Myanmar. The second objective was to describe a new species, Rhopalomerisnigroflava Likhitrakarn, sp. nov., discovered in Linno Gu, Kayin State, Myanmar. This new species is distinguished by its small body size (5.1-9.7 mm long) and yellow body with contrasting brown to blackish markings on certain terga. In addition, the position of the telopod syncoxital lobe relative to the lateral syncoxite horns separates it from other Rhopalomeris species. The interspecific divergence between R.nigroflava Likhitrakarn, sp. nov. and other congeners ranges from 10.85% to 16.13%, based on uncorrected COI p-distances, while the intraspecific divergence was 0%-7.44%. A distribution map of and a revised identification key to all known species of Rhopalomeris are also provided.

Four previously described species of Argopistes are recognized and redescribed from Japan and Taiwan: A.biplagiatus Motschulsky, 1860, A.rufus Chen, 1934, A.tsekooni Chen, 1934, and A.unicolor Jacoby, 1885. Three new species from Taiwan, A.jungchani sp. nov., A.tsoui sp. nov., and A.yuae sp. nov., are described. Descriptions of species include illustrations of aedeagi, antennae, gonocoxae, abdominal ventrite VIII, and spermathecae. Argopistesrufus Chen, 1934, stat. nov. is raised to species status from a variety of A.biplagiatus Motschulsky, 1860. Argopistescoccinelliformis Csiki, 1940, syn. nov. and A.ryukyuensis Shigetoh & Suenaga, 2022, syn. nov. are proposed as junior synonyms of A.rufus Chen, 1934 Lectotypes are designated for A.undecimmaculata Jacoby, 1885, A.unicolor Jacoby, 1885, and A.biplagiatusvar.rufus Chen, 1934.

A new species of the crocodile newt genus Tylototriton from Doi Soi Malai located at Mae Tuen Wildlife Sanctuary, Tak Province, northwestern Thailand is described based on molecular and morphological evidence, and named as Tylototritonsoimalai sp. nov. The new species is the seventh recorded species of the genus Tylototriton reported in Thailand. It differs morphologically from its congeners by a combination of the following morphological characteristics: head longer than wide; snout blunt or truncate; sagittal ridge on head narrow, short and distinct; dorsolateral bony ridges on head pronounced and rough; parotoids distinct; vertebral ridge prominent, wide and not segmented; 14-16 distinct, rounded and isolated rib nodules but posterior nodules connected; tips of fore- and hind limbs overlapping when adpressed along the body. The body background color is black, while the color markings are orange. Molecular analysis indicated that Tylototritonsoimalai sp. nov. is a distinct lineage and sister to T.uyenoi with a 4.1% genetic sequence divergence based on the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene. The new species is currently restricted to the hill evergreen forests of Doi Soi Malai. The implementation of a strategic plan is recommended to protect both the species and its habitat from anthropogenic activities.

In this paper, four species of Omphale Haliday, O.longigena Li & Li, sp. nov., O.longitarsus Li & Li, sp. nov., O.rectisulcus Li & Li, sp. nov., and O.xanthosoma Li & Li, sp. nov., are described as new to science; four species, O.brevibuccata Szelényi, O.connectens Graham, O.melina Yefremova & Kriskovich, and O.obscura (Förster) are reported from China for the first time; and the male of O.melina is reported for the first time in the world. A key to all known species of the genus Omphale in China is provided.

Historically, for more than one and a half centuries, only one so-called "long-legged bat tick" species, i.e., Ixodesvespertilionis Koch was known to science. However, during the past decade, it was recognized on a molecular basis that long-legged ixodid ticks associated with bats may represent at least six species. Of these, until recently, five have been morphologically described. In this study, Ixodes ticks were collected from two Myotis species in southeastern Asia, Vietnam. Based on the morphological and molecular characteristics of the female, nymph and larva, Ixodeslanigeri Hornok, sp. nov. is described here. The male is unknown. Like other members of the Ixodesariadnae complex, I.lanigeri Hornok apparently shows a preference for vesper bats as its typical hosts. In this context, host-association and geographical separation may explain the evolutionary divergence of I.lanigeri Hornok from its closest relative occurring on Murinahilgendorfi Peters in East Asia, Japan, because no Myotis or Murina spp. have overlapping distribution between Vietnam and the main islands of Japan. On the other hand, supposing that (similarly to I.ariadnae) I.lanigeri Hornok probably occurs on other myotine bats and knowing that several Myotis species indigenous in Vietnam have a broad geographical range in southern and southeastern Asia, the new tick species most likely has a widespread distribution in this area.

Branchinotogluma Pettibone, 1985 is the most species-rich genus within the subfamily Lepidonotopodinae Pettibone, 1983, comprising 18 valid species from chemosynthesis-based ecosystems in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Here, we report a new distributional record of Branchinotoglumabipapillata Zhou, Wang, Zhang & Wang, 2018, at the hydrothermal vent sites on the northern Central Indian Ridge (nCIR). This record represents the northernmost occurrence of B.bipapillata in the Indian Ocean. We conducted a comparative study of the nCIR population and other documented populations using distributional information, morphological traits, and genetic markers (two mitochondrial [COI, 16S rRNA] and one nuclear [18S rRNA] genes). While most morphological characters of B.bipapillata were consistent with those found in the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR), variations were noted in the segment with the last branchiae. Molecular data revealed that all populations of B.bipapillata form a single clade, indicating a wide distribution from the SWIR to nCIR, covering ~4,000 km across various ridges in the Indian Ocean. This study presents extensive distribution of a vent species with well-connected populations throughout the Indian Ocean, distinguishing it from many other vent species affected by the dispersal barrier in the Indian Ocean.

Two new spider species of the genus Trachelas L. Koch, 1872 are described from China: Trachelaskavanaughi sp. nov. (♀) and Trachelasventriosus sp. nov. (♀). The male of Trachelasgaoligongensis Jin, Yin & Zhang, 2017 is described for the first time. Illustrations of the body and copulatory organs and a distribution map are provided.

We describe a new plexippine genus, Tenkana gen. nov., supported by phylogenomic data from ultraconserved elements (UCEs), Sanger sequences of four genes, and morphological evidence. The type species, Tenkanamanu (Caleb, Christudhas, Laltanpuii & Chitra, 2014), comb. nov. is transferred from Colopsus, as is Tenkanaarkavathi (Caleb, 2022), comb. nov. The phylogenomic data places Tenkana among the plexippines near Hyllus C.L. Koch, 1846 and Telamonia Thorell, 1887, while the constrained four-gene phylogeny indicates that Tenkana is distinct from Colopsus. Additionally, we describe a new species, Tenkanajayamangali sp. nov.

A new planthopper species, Metaurusmohanensis Zheng & Chen, sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Yunnan, China. A key to differentiate species within the genus Metaurus is provided. The geographical distribution of Metaurus species and mitochondrial genome data of the newly described species are also included.

Labronema Thorne, 1939 is a large and diverse dorylaimid genus with complicated taxonomy. Two new species, Labronemaporosum sp. nov. and Labronemabidoupense sp. nov. from natural habitats in Vietnam were characterised both morphologically and molecularly (18S rDNA and 28 rDNA), and line drawings and microphotographs are provided. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the new species clustered together with Labronemaferox Thorne, 1939, the type species of the genus. The two new taxa belong to a group of Labronema species with medium body (L = 1.5-2.5 mm) and odontostyle (31-39 μm) length, and a lip region offset by a constriction. Based on morphological and molecular evidence, this study shows that the populations from Vietnam previously identified as L.glandosum Rahman, Jairajpuri, Ahmad & Ahmad, 1986 in fact represent L.porosum sp. nov. Evolutionary relationships of Labronema species are discussed. A key to the species of Labronema with a medium-sized odontostyle (31-39 μm) is provided as well as a list of the species of the genus considered valid.