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The braconid parasitoid wasp genus Centistidea Rohwer, 1914 is revised for the Afrotropical region, with four new species described; Centistideaareolaris Liu & Polaszek, sp. nov., C.linearis Liu & Polaszek, sp. nov., C.longipedes Liu & Polaszek, sp. nov., and C.turneri Liu & Polaszek, sp. nov. are described based on specimens from the Natural History Museum, United Kingdom, and the Royal Museum for Central Africa, Belgium. An illustrated key to species in the Afrotropical region is provided.

Mitochondrial genomes (also known as mitogenomes) serve as valuable molecular markers and have found widespread applications in molecular biology and ecology. There is abundant sequence variation in vertebrate mitogenomes, and occasionally, they exhibit gene rearrangements. In this study, two Chinese endemic Rana species, Ranajiemuxiensis and Ranahanluica, were sequenced and analyzed to obtain their complete mitogenomes. The two species were sympatrically distributed in the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, in Wulingyuan District, Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province, China. The mitogenome of R.jiemuxiensis was 17,506 bp, while that of R.hanluica was 17,505 bp, each comprising 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and a non-coding control region (D-loop). The gene content, nucleotide composition, and evolutionary rates of each mitogenome were analyzed and compared with those of congeners. A phylogenetic analysis based on 22 mitogenomes in Rana revealed that the two sympatric species were in two different lineages, indicating that they were genetically separated to a certain extent. Three types of gene rearrangement patterns were identified when examining the gene orders of the 22 Rana mitogenomes. Most of the species shared a second and dominant gene rearrangement pattern that originated from the first ancient pattern. A "tandem duplication - multiple deletion" hypothesis was proposed to explain the evolution of these different gene rearrangement patterns. This study provided valuable data references and enhanced our understanding of the phylogenetic implications and gene rearrangements of Rana species.

Enchenopa Amyot & Serville, 1843 is a diverse treehopper genus widespread across the New World. We describe two new Enchenopa species from northwest Ecuador: Enchenopagennyae sp. nov. from urban forest remnants at the foothills of the Andes cordillera and Enchenopachocoandina sp. nov. from secondary montane forests. Enchenopagennyae sp. nov. is placed in the E.biplaga species group and is distinguished by the sexual dimorphism of the pronotal horn and lateral carina shape, the straight metopidium, 2-4 accessory carinae and the whitish dorsal spot and subapical band. Enchenopachocoandina sp. nov. belongs to the E.andina species group and is diagnosed by its reddish central carina and posterior pronotal process apex, presence of an obtuse projection rather than an anterior horn, three or four irregular accessory carinae, and apical amber forewing patch. Illustrations, notes on natural history, and keys to species of the E.biplaga and E.andina species groups are also provided.

A new species of the genus Boulenophrys is described from the coastal hills of eastern Fujian Province, China. The new taxon can be distinguished from all recognized congeners by a combination of discrete morphological character state differences and genetic divergences in the combined mitochondrial 16S + CO1 genes. We also provide a map showing the distribution pattern of Boulenophrys species in Fujian and a provincial-specific key, which will aid their conservation by helping the local authorities accurately identify species during field identifications and data collection efforts.

A new species of Cryptodesmidae, Trichopeltisjiyue sp. nov., is described from the Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province, southwest China. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the gonopodal coxae with two conspicuous wing-like processes, the relatively long, stout setae on the gonopodal coxae, gonopodal telopodites glabrous and four-branched, and the acropodite curved caudolaterad. The new species is the second record of an epigean species of genus Trichopeltis Pocock, 1894 in China. An updated key is provided to all 14 presently known species.

An unexpected troglobitic staphylinid is described from a dolomite cave in western China as Domenelizeyui Wang & He, sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae). The habitus of both sexes and important diagnostic features are illustrated. Brief notes on the habitat, biology and taxonomic status of the new species are provided. This is the first discovery of a troglobitic representative of Paederinae from China, the first record of a troglobitic Domene species, and only the third cavernicolous species of Paederinae from eastern Asia.

The genus Helicops Wagler, 1828 comprises 20 species of semiaquatic snakes. It is mostly distributed in the cis-Andean region of South America, with only two trans-Andean species (H.danieli, H.scalaris). Helicopsdanieli is endemic to Colombia and occurs through most of the trans-Andean region. Herein two mitochondrial and two nuclear genomic markers were sequenced for 16 samples of H.danieli across most of its distribution range to understand its phylogeography. A dated tree was also generated with additional sequences from previous studies to infer the divergence times between H.danieli and its cis-Andean congeners and of lineages within H.danieli. Using previously published data, ancestral states were estimated for putative phenotypic synapomorphies for the major clades of Helicops. For H.danieli, four clades corresponding to the main river basins within its distribution were recovered. Our dated tree suggests that the ancestor of H.danieli diverged from its closest congeners in the late Miocene (8.7 Mya), which can be associated with the closure of the Andalucia Pass, south of the Eastern Cordillera. Divergence within H.danieli commenced 1.1 Mya. Within the genus Helicops, two distinct hemipenial morphologies were observed, which are suggested as putative synapomorphies for the two most basal clades. Recognition of these two clades as distinct subgenera, Helicops sensu stricto and Tachynectes Fitzinger, 1843 is proposed. For the junior homonym Tachynectes von der Mark, 1863, rarely applied to fossil fishes, the replacement name Ichthyotachynectes nom. nov. is introduced. Furthermore, the evolution of another four phenotypic traits in Helicops and their phylogenetic utility are discussed.

A new Gekko (subgenus Japonigekko) species, Gekkoalpinus sp. nov., is described from the Jinsha River Basin in southwestern China, between the border of Mangkang County, Xizang Autonomous Region and Batang County, Sichuan Province, according to the integrative taxonomic results combining molecular data and morphological characters obtained from the type series comprising 11 specimens. Our molecular phylogeny inferred from the mitochondrial 16S and ND2 gene fragments indicated that this new species is most closely related to Gekkojinjiangensis, but a considerable amount of genetic divergence exists between them (p-distance: 3.6%-4.1% (16S) and 7.1%-9.1% (ND2)). The new species can be distinguished from its congeners via a combination of series morphological characters. The discovery of this new species marks the highest altitudinal range (2400 to 2542 m a.s.l.) recorded for the subgenus Japonigekko and also represents a new provincial record for the genus in Xizang Autonomous Region.

The recent description of the scolopendromorph centipede Scolopendraparadoxa Doménech, 2018 raised questions concerning the morphological limits of its closest relative S.spinosissima Kraepelin, 1903. Following the works of this author and other evidence, the specimens making up the type series of S.spinosissima and a lectotype are fixed, redescribed, and illustrated; these are then compared with this species' unique available voucher and with S.paradoxa type material. Specimens making up the S.spinosissima type series are fixed including only four of the five individuals stored in the collection of Zoological Museum of Hamburg and, the voucher is identified as S.spinosissima. Its sister species, S.paradoxa, is confirmed as a morphologically and molecularly distinguishable taxon. Additionally, new data on the S.spinosissima type series are provideda and observations involving the excluded original type, reidentified as Ethmostigmusrubripesrubripes (Brandt, 1840), are given. Finally, the presence of S.multidens Newport, 1844 in the Philippines is proposed as dubious and a revised key for the Scolopendra of this archipelago is presented.

Palaearctic species of the genus Apsilocera Bouček, 1956 are reviewed. Twelve Palaearctic species are recognized based on females, of which eight new species are described: Apsilocerabradburyi Tselikh, Lee & Ku, sp. nov. (Republic of Korea), A.budai Tselikh, Lee & Ku, sp. nov. (Republic of Korea), A.eleganta Tselikh, Haas & Ku, sp. nov. (Republic of Korea, Sweden), A.grandistigma Tselikh, Lee & Ku, sp. nov. (Republic of Korea), A.jejuensis Tselikh, Lee & Ku, sp. nov. (Republic of Korea), A.marina Tselikh, Lee & Ku, sp. nov. (Republic of Korea), A.totoroi Tselikh, Haas & Ku, sp. nov. (Germany, Japan, Sweden), and A.triapitzini Tselikh, Haas & Ku, sp. nov. (Russia, Republic of Korea, Sweden). The female of A.verticillata Bouček, 1956 is described for the first time. Apsiloceradupla Mitroiu & Achterberg, 2013 and A.elongata Mitroiu & Achterberg, 2013 are recorded from the Palaearctic region for the first time. An identification key to females of all Palaearctic species of Apsilocera is given.