ZooKeys最新文献

China is one of the most biodiverse countries worldwide, with a variety of landforms and climatic conditions. However, the diversity and biogeographic distribution of bdelloid rotifers, one of the most widespread microscopic organisms worldwide, have received little attention in China. In order to understand the species diversity of bdelloid rotifers in China, a large-scale survey of different areas (such as karst areas, islands, and plateaus) and microhabitats (such as moss, leaf litter, and soil) was conducted using 299 samples from seven provinces from 2018 to 2022. A total of 109 bdelloid rotifer species were identified, including three newly recorded genera, 26 newly recorded species, and two new species (Adinetajinan Wang & Yang, sp. nov. and Philodinachinensis Wang & Örstan, sp. nov.), increasing the species richness of bdelloid rotifers in China to 141. Morphological variations among P.chinensis populations from three different regions were identified. This study indicated that the species diversity of bdelloid rotifers in China is high, especially in the Oriental region, and both endemic and rare species exist in different regions and habitats. Further, the challenges are highlighted with corresponding suggestions for research on the diversity and biogeographic distribution of bdelloid rotifers in China. Notably, our findings indicated that a survey of bdelloid rotifers in China is indispensable for a comprehensive understanding of their global biodiversity and biogeography.

Based on surveys of the superfamily Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) in the eastern part of Pamir Plateau from 2021 to 2023, 1770 specimens of Encyrtidae belonging to 21 species in 15 genera are identified and catalogued. Two new species, Acerophagusalbuscorpus Xi & Hu, sp. nov. and Pseudectromastemmatosteres Zhang & Hu, sp. nov., are described and illustrated. Four species, Ericydnusnovosibiricus Sugonjaev & Gavrilyuk, 2012, Copidosomacharon Guerrieri & Noyes, 2005, Aphycusslavai Myartseva, 1981, and Trichomasthusmarsus (Walker, 1837), are newly recorded from China, and their diagnoses and illustrations are provided.

Barbodesklapanunggalensis sp. nov. is described on the basis of two specimens collected from the subterranean cave system of Klapanunggal karst area, Bogor Regency, West Java Province, Java Island, Indonesia. The new species is unique among its congeners in completely lacking eyes, its ocular vestige being marked by an orbital concavity fully covered with skin, and with no orbital rim. It also differs distinctly from most species of Barbodes by having relatively long paired fins (pectoral fin 26.0-31.4% SL; pelvic fin 21.5-24.4% SL), the adpressed tips of each overlapping the basal area of the adjacent posterior (pelvic and anal, respectively) fins; and the presence of a short pelvic axillary scale with a rounded posterior margin. Barbodesklapanunggalensis sp. nov. is further distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: head length 32.9-35.3% SL; pre-pectoral fin length 32.6-33.6% SL; pre-pelvic fin length 54.0-59.6% SL; anal-fin base length 9.7-11.8% SL; caudal peduncle depth 13.2-18.2% SL; completely nonpigmented body; and all fins with translucent interradial membranes and light cream to brownish rays. As reflected by its highly troglomorphic features, the new species is strictly adapted to cave habitats. Its small population size, coupled with a high level of potential threats to its known habitat, suggest that future conservation efforts will become necessary.

DNA barcoding has been proposed as a rapid and reliable tool for animal identification and species delineation. The 5' end of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene (COI-5P) was sequenced for 318 specimens of 55 mantis species. Of these, 44 species had not been sequenced before, thus being new COI-5P barcode sequences to science. Another 61 COI-5P barcode sequences comprising five species were retrieved from the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD; www.boldsystems.org). Five species delimitation algorithms were employed to sort barcode sequences into Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs), namely the distance-based Barcode Index Number (BIN) System, Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC), a Java program that uses an explicit, determinate algorithm to define Molecular Operational Taxonomic Unit (jMOTU), Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP), and Bayesian implementation of the Poisson Tree Processes model (bPTP). All species, except Hierodulachinensis Werner, 1929, were recovered as monophyletic on the neighbor-joining (NJ) tree. For the final dataset, 379 COI-5P barcode sequences were assigned to 68 BINs. Fifty-five out of 68 BINs obtained were new to BOLD. The low level of BIN overlap with other nations highlights the importance of constructing a regional DNA barcode reference library. The algorithms ASAP, jMOTU, bPTP, and GMYC clustered barcode sequences into 32, 58, 68, and 60 MOTUs, respectively. All species delimitation algorithms (except ASAP analysis) split Anaxarchasinensis Beier, 1933, Anaxarchazhengi Ren & Wang, 1994, H.chinensis, Spilomantisoccipitalis (Westwood, 1889), Titanodulaformosana Giglio-Tos, 1912 into more than one MOTUs. All algorithms merged Hierodula sp. BCM-2019 and H.chinensis into the same MOTU, as for Tenoderaaridifolia Stoll, 1813 and Tenoderasinensis Saussure, 1871. More accurate identification results need to be supplemented by detailed morphological classification.

Pseudodendroides Blair, 1914 is distributed in East Asia, with five described species. Currently, a new species, Pseudodendroidesfrontalis Gao & Pan, sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Yunnan Province, China. A key to the species of Pseudodendroides is provided and the phylogenetic relationships among Pseudodendroides and related genera are briefly discussed.

Three new species of the ant-loving beetle tribe Batrisini, Reitter, 1882 (Pselaphinae: Batrisitae) from southeast Xizang, China are described: Arthromelodeslhunzensis sp. nov., Tribasoditesliangi sp. nov., and Tribasoditesyumaicus sp. nov. Illustrations of the habitus and diagnostic features of these species are provided to aid identification. With these additions, the number of batrisine species known from Xizang increases to 83.

A new species of the genus Protocobitis is described based on morphological comparisons and molecular analyses from specimens of a subterranean tributary of the Hongshui River, Lingyun County, Baise City, and a cave in Jinya Township, Fengshan County, Hechi City, Guangxi, China. Both morphological and molecular data support the validity of Protocobitislongibarba sp. nov. The new species can be distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characteristics: whole body except for head and area between pectoral-fin and pelvic-fin origin sparsely covered with minute scales; barbels elongate; five or six branched pectoral-fin rays and four branched pelvic-fin rays; vertebrae 4+42. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian-inference phylogenetic trees exhibited congruent topological structures, exhibiting high node support for the monophyly of Protocobitislongibarba (BPP = 1; BS = 100), which was clustered with the other congeners.

Centipedes collected during Royal Society surveys of the arthropod fauna of the Aldabra Atoll in 1968-1975 are identified, described, and illustrated to provide the first checklist to the Aldabran centipede fauna, comprising 12 species. These newly include the lithobiomorph Lamyctestristani (Pocock, 1893), the scolopendromorphs ScolopendramorsitansLinnaeus 1758, Cryptopscf.japonicus Takakuwa, 1934, Cryptopsmauritianus Verhoeff, 1939, and Cryptopsnigropictus Takakuwa, 1936, and the geophilomorphs Ityphiluscf.taeniaformis (Lawrence, 1960), Mecistocephalusangusticeps (Ribaut, 1914), Mecistocephaluslohmanderi Verhoeff, 1939, Orphnaeusdekanius Verhoeff, 1938, Ribautiacf.paucipes Attems, 1952, and Tuobasydneyensis (Pocock, 1891). The geophilomorph genera Hovanyx Lawrence, 1960, syn. nov., and Mixophilus Silvestri, 1929, syn. nov., are revised in light of the examined material and hereby designated junior subjective synonyms of Tuoba Chamberlin, 1920 with the species Geophiluslemuricus Verhoeff, 1939, syn. nov., and Hovanyxwaterloti Lawrence, 1960, syn. nov., designated as junior subjective synonyms of T.sydneyensis. The oryid genus Nycternyssa Crabill, 1959, syn. nov., is revised and designated a junior subjective synonym of Orphnaeus Meinert, 1870. New data on intraspecific morphological variation are presented for C.nigropictus, with the validity of Cryptopsdaszaki Lewis, 2002 being questioned following examination of its type material. The affinities and possible origins of the Aldabran centipede fauna are found to be mainly East African, with several species occurring across other islands in the Western Indian Ocean.

The noctuid genus Supralathosea Barnes & Benjamin (Noctuidae, Oncocnemidinae) is revised to include three species for the United States of America, Supralathoseababoquivariensis Barnes & Benjamin from southeast Arizona, Supralathoseayavapai sp. nov. from central Arizona, and Supralathoseasolastella sp. nov. from Texas. Two genera are described for species formerly included in Supralathosea. Infralathosea gen. nov. includes Infralathoseapronuba comb. nov. from Arizona and New Mexico and Infralathoseaunicornis sp. nov. from west Texas. Eulathosea gen. nov. contains only Eulathoseaobtusa Smith, comb. nov. from Arizona. A key to genera and species is presented and adults and genitalia of all taxa are illustrated. Infralathosea and Eulathosea are assigned to Oncocnemidinae based on molecular evidence.

Two new species of the moth genus Stenoloba Staudinger, 1892, S.zhaotonga sp. nov. and S.oculibasis sp. nov., are described from China. The former includes photos of both female and male genitalia, while the latter only includes photos of male genitalia.