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This study presents the first results from the analysis of water mites collected in Portugal as part of the Biodiversity Genomics Europe project. 307 COI DNA barcodes clustered into 75 BINs are provided, with 38 BINs being unique and deposited for the first time in the Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD). 65 species have been identified, of which 36 are new to the water mite fauna of Portugal. Two species, Torrenticolasoniae Pešić, sp. nov. and T.elisabethae Pešić, sp. nov. (Torrenticolidae), are described as new to science. 47% of the water mite species currently known from Portugal now have reference barcodes in BOLD. High intraspecific distances were recorded for some species, suggesting the presence of cryptic diversity and species complexes that needs further study. Our results improve the DNA barcode reference database for Portuguese water mites, enhancing species identification accuracy and stimulating future investigation.

Limnophilinae crane flies belonging to the genus Adelphomyia Bergroth, 1891 of the Korean Peninsula were studied starting from 1937, but only one species A.macrotrichiata (Alexander, 1923) has been recorded from North Korea so far. The genus was unknown from South Korea. Four species were found during our studies on the Peninsula, one of them from Jeju Island described as new, Adelphomyiajejuana Podenas, sp. nov. Three species are recorded from both northern and southern parts of the Peninsula. Specimens on which was based the record of A.macrotrichiata from North Korea was misidentified and no more specimens were collected; therefore, A.macrotrichiata is deleted from the Korean species list. Habitat, elevation range, and seasonality data is presented for each species. Images of taxonomically important morphological characters, and an identification key for all Palaearctic species of the genus Adelphomyia are presented. Distribution maps are presented for all Korean species.

Mastigocerascamponoti Handschin, the sole member of its genus and the Mastigocerini tribe, exhibits unusual dorsal chaetotaxy compared to other Orchesellidae. This includes a reduction in dorsal macrochaetotaxy and a secondary covering of fusiform scales intermixed with ciliate microchaetae. Despite three redescriptions, Mastigoceras chaetotaxy remains poorly understood, with no data on tergal sensilla patterns or dorsal macrochaetae homology. Here, the genus is revisited by describing a new Brazilian species a century after the original description of M.camponoti, based on morphological depiction combined with the use of DNA barcoding, Mastigocerashandschini Rodrigues, Souza & Bellini, sp. nov. The two species are differentiated by a few and unusual aspects of the dorsal chaetotaxy, especially scales distribution, and may be considered as pseudocryptic taxa. Our study of tergal sensilla formula, scales morphology, and distribution in Mastigoceras reveals no clear morphological support for placing Mastigocerini within Heteromurinae.

A list of 148 species of megachilid bees from 16 genera and five tribes is reported for the Republic of Dagestan. The list is based on more than 2,500 examined specimens and one reliable literature record. Twelve species are new to Russia: Chelostoma (Chelostoma) emarginatum (Nylander, 1856), C. (Foveosmia) maidli (Benoist, 1935), Hoplitis (Alcidamea) campanularis (Morawitz, 1877), H. (A.) caucasica (Friese, 1920), H. (Anthocopa) perezi (Ferton, 1894), H. (Pentadentosmia) tringa (Warncke, 1991), Osmia (Allosmia) melanura Morawitz, 1871, O. (Helicosmia) breviata Warncke, 1988, O. (Osmia) scheherazade Peters, 1978, O. (Pyrosmia) saxicola Ducke, 1899, Anthidium (Anthidium) taeniatum Latreille, 1809, and Megachile (Chalicodoma) montenegrensis Dours, 1873. Nine other species are new to the North Caucasus, and 46 other species are new to Dagestan. Compared to the first list of the bees of Dagestan published by F. Morawitz 150 years ago, the number of species of Megachilidae known from the republic was increased by five times.

Weevils represent one of the most speciose and economically important animal clades, but remain poorly studied across much of the Oriental Region. Here, an integrative revision of the Oriental, flightless genus Aphanerostethus Voss, 1957 (Curculionidae: Molytinae) based on X-ray microtomography, multi-gene DNA barcoding (CO1, Cytb, 16S), and traditional morphological techniques (light microscopy, dissections) is presented. Twelve new species, namely, A.armatus Lewis & Kojima, sp. nov., A.bifidus Kojima & Lewis, sp. nov., A.darlingi Lewis, sp. nov., A.decoratus Lewis & Kojima, sp. nov., A.falcatus Kojima, Lewis & Fujisawa, sp. nov., A.incurvatus Kojima & Lewis, sp. nov., A.japonicus Lewis & Kojima, sp. nov., A.magnus Lewis & Kojima, sp. nov., A.morimotoi Kojima & Lewis, sp. nov., A.nudus Lewis & Kojima, sp. nov., A.spinosus Lewis & Kojima, sp. nov., and A.taiwanus Lewis, Fujisawa & Kojima, sp. nov. are described from Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam, and Malaysia. A neotype is designated for A.vannideki Voss, 1957. The hitherto monotypic genus Darumazo Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1985, syn. nov. is synonymized under Aphanerostethus based on new morphological data and Aphanerostethusdistinctus (Morimoto & Miyakawa, 1985), comb. nov. is transferred accordingly. X-ray microtomography is successfully used to explore for stable interspecific differences in cuticular, internal and micro morphology. Remarkable species-specific sexual dimorphism in the metatibial uncus is described in seven of the newly described Aphanerostethus species and the evolution of this character is discussed.

The Afrotropical grasshopper genus Pteropera Karsch, 1891, is reviewed. Some species present in Cameroon are described, Pteroperaaugustini Donskoff, 1981, is recorded for the first time in the country, and three new species are described from Cameroon, Pteroperakennei Yetchom & Husemann, sp. nov., Pteroperamatzkei Yetchom & Husemann, sp. nov. and Pteroperamissoupi Yetchom & Husemann, sp. nov., increasing the number of Pteropera species in Cameroon from eight to 12, and overall to 30 species in Central Africa. An updated key of Pteropera is provided. Photographs with data on the distributions of all known species are given. In addition, a phylogenetic tree was constructed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference on the basis of a concatenated dataset of COI, 16S, and 12S markers of available Cameroonian species. The maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses of the concatenated datasets resulted in a well-resolved phylogeny of the group and species of Pteropera were recovered as monophyletic, largely with high support. In all cases, the discrimination of all studied species based on barcode information was congruent with the species limits determined by traditional taxonomy. Our findings show the potential of integrative taxonomy to resolve the relationships among grasshoppers below the family level. Further analyses, including more comprehensive taxon sampling and additional nuclear markers, are needed, and the occurrence of several taxa still needs to be confirmed in African rainforests.

Based on recent collecting and a synthesis of ~100 years of historical data, 219 caddisfly species are reported from the state of Indiana. Seventeen species are reported herein from the state for the first time, including two previously thought to be endemic to the southeastern USA. Species records are also presented herein organized by drainage basin, ecoregion, glacial history, and waterbody type for two distinct time periods: before 1983 and after 2005. More species were reported from the state before 1983 than after 2005, despite collecting almost 3× the number of occurrence records during the latter period. Species occurrence records were greater for most families and functional feeding groups (FFGs) for the post-2005 time period, although the Limnephilidae, Phryganeidae, Molannidae, and Lepidostomatidae, particularly those in the shredder FFG, instead had greater records before 1983. This loss of shredders probably reflected the ongoing habitat degradation within the state. While species rarefaction predicts only a few more species to be found in Indiana, many regions still remain under-sampled and 44 species have not been collected in >40 years.

Species of the spider genus Belisana Thorell, 1898 exhibit high diversity in Guizhou, southwestern China. Previously, only eight species of Belisana were recorded in Guizhou. In this study, nine new species are described from karst caves: Belisanabijie Wang, S. Li & Yao, sp. nov., B.liupanshui Wang, S. Li & Yao, sp. nov., B.majiang Wang, S. Li & Yao, sp. nov., B.nayong Wang, S. Li & Yao, sp. nov., B.qixingguan Wang, S. Li & Yao, sp. nov., B.xiuwen Wang, S. Li & Yao, sp. nov., B.yongcong Wang, S. Li & Yao, sp. nov., B.zhouxi Wang, S. Li & Yao, sp. nov., and B.zunyi Wang, S. Li & Yao, sp. nov. Belisanazhangi Tong & Li, 2007 is reported from Guizhou for the first time. In addition, a list of all species of Belisana from Guizhou is provided.

Amphipods in the parvorder Lysianassidira are scavengers, often collected in sediment, coral rubble, algae, or among other invertebrates. Members of the parvorder have a head that is deeper than long, large coxae, lacinia mobilis present only on the left molar, and a mitten-shaped gnathopod 2 propodus with a long ischium. Nine species from two families within the parvorder are documented from Bocas del Toro, Panama. This research documents range extensions for eight species and an identification key to the species of Caribbean Lysianassidira of Panama is provided.

The taxonomic study of the Chilean Ennomini genera is still in its early stages. Within this group, the maculation patterns of Chilean species are uniform and often inadequate for distinguishing between many species, compounded by a lack of taxonomic revisions focused on the genera within the tribe. In this study, the genus Digonis Butler, 1882, is reviewed and redefined based on characteristics of wing patterns and genitalia. Digonis comprises the following five species: D.aspersa Butler, 1882, D.cervinaria (Blanchard, 1852), D.punctifera Butler, 1882, D.gungnir Ramos-González & Parra, sp. nov., and D.apocrypha Ramos-González & Parra, sp. nov. Additionally, D.cuprea Butler, 1882 is synonymized with D.cervinaria (Blanchard, 1852), and all varieties of D.punctifera Butler, 1882, and D.cuprea are synonymized with their respective species. Furthermore, two new genera are introduced: Phasmadigonis Ramos-González & Parra, gen. nov., erected for P.alba (Butler, 1882), comb. nov., and Gugnelve Ramos-González & Parra, gen. nov., established for G.butleri Ramos-González & Parra, sp. nov. With the species and genus descriptions, a comparative diagnosis, genitalia illustrations for all species, and wing venation for each genus are provided.