Technology-supported collaborative practices have become widespread in the workplace. Our research investigates how information and media literacy competences support teamwork dynamics, how the team's activities fosters the development of its members' competences and how can this process be a lever for the workers' empowerment. This research is aimed at mapping and defining the competences called for and developed by ICT-supported teamwork and distance work, from the point of view of office workers. The main findings will consist in a definition of the competences related to the informational, technical and social dimensions of distant teamwork practices in a digital era.
{"title":"Media and Information Literacy Competences in the Workplace: Collaborative Practices and Workers' Empowerment","authors":"Valèria Ligurgo","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2997023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2997023","url":null,"abstract":"Technology-supported collaborative practices have become widespread in the workplace. Our research investigates how information and media literacy competences support teamwork dynamics, how the team's activities fosters the development of its members' competences and how can this process be a lever for the workers' empowerment. This research is aimed at mapping and defining the competences called for and developed by ICT-supported teamwork and distance work, from the point of view of office workers. The main findings will consist in a definition of the competences related to the informational, technical and social dimensions of distant teamwork practices in a digital era.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134210613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael J. Muller, N. Shami, Shion Guha, Mikhil Masli, Werner Geyer, A. Wild
Employee engagement is a reflection of an employee's experience of work. Previous research has analyzed each employee's experience in terms of individual factors. We provide the first report of the influence on engagement of peers (who report to the same manager) and friends (who share social ties in an internal social network), using linear regression to model employee engagement in a sample of more than 44,000 employees. We show that an employee's engagement is associated with the engagement of her/his peers, friends, and manager. Our results contribute to analyses of social factors at work, and argue for revisions to existing theories of employee engagement.
{"title":"Influences of Peers, Friends, and Managers on Employee Engagement","authors":"Michael J. Muller, N. Shami, Shion Guha, Mikhil Masli, Werner Geyer, A. Wild","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2957292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2957292","url":null,"abstract":"Employee engagement is a reflection of an employee's experience of work. Previous research has analyzed each employee's experience in terms of individual factors. We provide the first report of the influence on engagement of peers (who report to the same manager) and friends (who share social ties in an internal social network), using linear regression to model employee engagement in a sample of more than 44,000 employees. We show that an employee's engagement is associated with the engagement of her/his peers, friends, and manager. Our results contribute to analyses of social factors at work, and argue for revisions to existing theories of employee engagement.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133441260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although web-based remote collaboration systems are getting popular, they are not suitable for long-distance or demanding use cases due to the web browser limitations. To cover wider range of use cases, we propose novel architecture for web-based remote collaboration systems. The main features are relay-servers, overlay-managers, and timecode-servers. The relay-servers enable the web-based systems to exchange data smoothly and locally even in long-distance collaboration. The overlay-managers and timecode-servers enable web-based systems to deal with native applications in order to provide high quality collaboration experience. A prototype is implemented and tested to confirm that the proposal can construct unprecedented collaboration systems suitable for long-distance and demanding collaboration scenarios; targets not possible with conventional web-based collaboration systems.
{"title":"Novel Web-based Remote Collaboration System Architecture for Wider Use Cases","authors":"Yasuhiro Mochida, D. Shirai, T. Fujii","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2996288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2996288","url":null,"abstract":"Although web-based remote collaboration systems are getting popular, they are not suitable for long-distance or demanding use cases due to the web browser limitations. To cover wider range of use cases, we propose novel architecture for web-based remote collaboration systems. The main features are relay-servers, overlay-managers, and timecode-servers. The relay-servers enable the web-based systems to exchange data smoothly and locally even in long-distance collaboration. The overlay-managers and timecode-servers enable web-based systems to deal with native applications in order to provide high quality collaboration experience. A prototype is implemented and tested to confirm that the proposal can construct unprecedented collaboration systems suitable for long-distance and demanding collaboration scenarios; targets not possible with conventional web-based collaboration systems.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128062122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To inform the design of collaborative learning systems and assignments, our research asks: What aspects of student-generated content truly enhance learning outcomes? Herein we detail the methodologies we have developed to answer this question, including comparing performance on exam questions, some of which are based on specific metaphors found in a student-created "flipped" wiki textbook, and automating wiki content analysis for correlation of performance with creative language forms.
{"title":"Learning Outcomes From a Student-generated","authors":"A. Tartaro, B. Goess, Jack Miller, Jasmine A. Bui","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2996291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2996291","url":null,"abstract":"To inform the design of collaborative learning systems and assignments, our research asks: What aspects of student-generated content truly enhance learning outcomes? Herein we detail the methodologies we have developed to answer this question, including comparing performance on exam questions, some of which are based on specific metaphors found in a student-created \"flipped\" wiki textbook, and automating wiki content analysis for correlation of performance with creative language forms.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127916887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emergency responders increasingly use social media as a means to monitor public information, gather information that could be used in response efforts, and communicate important information during emergency events. However, the adoption of social media into emergency management processes poses socio-technical challenges such as issues of credibility and trust, lack of organizational support, poor tools, and a shortage of resources and training. This study designs, implements, and evaluates an application that supports the work practice of emergency public information officers and their need to gather, monitor, sort, and report social media activity. Based on prior work that examines how social media and the forms of public participation enabled by it are changing public information practice, we iteratively design and evaluate application prototypes using a human-centered process--moving from low-fidelity paper prototypes to a high-fidelity digital prototype that is ready for field use.
{"title":"Designing an Application for Social Media Needs in Emergency Public Information Work","authors":"Amanda Lee Hughes, Rohan Shah","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2957307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2957307","url":null,"abstract":"Emergency responders increasingly use social media as a means to monitor public information, gather information that could be used in response efforts, and communicate important information during emergency events. However, the adoption of social media into emergency management processes poses socio-technical challenges such as issues of credibility and trust, lack of organizational support, poor tools, and a shortage of resources and training. This study designs, implements, and evaluates an application that supports the work practice of emergency public information officers and their need to gather, monitor, sort, and report social media activity. Based on prior work that examines how social media and the forms of public participation enabled by it are changing public information practice, we iteratively design and evaluate application prototypes using a human-centered process--moving from low-fidelity paper prototypes to a high-fidelity digital prototype that is ready for field use.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121631174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A core aspect of collaboration tools is the sharing of awareness cues, such as availability and location information, often with the purpose of more efficient collaboration and communication between individuals. In this paper, we present a user study of a continuous location-sharing application, used over a period of a month within groups of 4-5 people, which provided detailed awareness between group members. Reporting on issues such as its facility for micro-coordination and enabler of ad-hoc social engagements, we analyze the distinct ways in which the service was incorporated into participants' daily lives. We studied a location sharing service among people in less hierarchical types of relationships than previous studies and found that sharing concerns were based on the participants "thinking" and imagination of potential situations rather than on actual situations. Our findings highlight how people's understanding of location-tracking technologies is transitional and how it includes a constant re-negotiation of appropriate services and applications for everyday social management. We conclude that map-based continuous location sharing has significant utility among tight-knit dyads.
{"title":"Communication, Coordination and Awareness around Continuous Location Sharing","authors":"Emily Schildt, Martin Leinfors, L. Barkhuus","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2957289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2957289","url":null,"abstract":"A core aspect of collaboration tools is the sharing of awareness cues, such as availability and location information, often with the purpose of more efficient collaboration and communication between individuals. In this paper, we present a user study of a continuous location-sharing application, used over a period of a month within groups of 4-5 people, which provided detailed awareness between group members. Reporting on issues such as its facility for micro-coordination and enabler of ad-hoc social engagements, we analyze the distinct ways in which the service was incorporated into participants' daily lives. We studied a location sharing service among people in less hierarchical types of relationships than previous studies and found that sharing concerns were based on the participants \"thinking\" and imagination of potential situations rather than on actual situations. Our findings highlight how people's understanding of location-tracking technologies is transitional and how it includes a constant re-negotiation of appropriate services and applications for everyday social management. We conclude that map-based continuous location sharing has significant utility among tight-knit dyads.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114221954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Most devices today are developed adhering to a one-user paradigm. Yet within households, couples are often sharing devices and accounts. In this paper we take an in-depth look at sharing practices and preferences of cohabiting couples, and discuss the nuances of existing practices surrounding accounts and devices. We present a qualitative interview and diary study with ten couples, consisting of 20 individual interviews, and individual 8-day diaries. Dichotomous access models do not reflect the sharing practices of our couples; in which intent, access, and utilization all characterized sharing behaviors. We present a detailed description of the intentional and unintentional sharing practices our participants used in their day to day interactions and discuss the different challenges that particularly one type of content pose in terms of issues of privacy. We discuss implications for accounts and devices based on the ways in which content was shared and hidden among collocated couples. We provide a structured account of these sharing practices to inform the design of multi-user settings within future technologies.
{"title":"Caring About Sharing: Couples' Practices in Single User Device Access","authors":"Maia L. Jacobs, H. Cramer, L. Barkhuus","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2957296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2957296","url":null,"abstract":"Most devices today are developed adhering to a one-user paradigm. Yet within households, couples are often sharing devices and accounts. In this paper we take an in-depth look at sharing practices and preferences of cohabiting couples, and discuss the nuances of existing practices surrounding accounts and devices. We present a qualitative interview and diary study with ten couples, consisting of 20 individual interviews, and individual 8-day diaries. Dichotomous access models do not reflect the sharing practices of our couples; in which intent, access, and utilization all characterized sharing behaviors. We present a detailed description of the intentional and unintentional sharing practices our participants used in their day to day interactions and discuss the different challenges that particularly one type of content pose in terms of issues of privacy. We discuss implications for accounts and devices based on the ways in which content was shared and hidden among collocated couples. We provide a structured account of these sharing practices to inform the design of multi-user settings within future technologies.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130100723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to poor resource utilization in surgery performance, there is increasing interest in applying workflow systems. Notably, due to their ability to "steer" the execution of the process toward an intended goal, according to an arrangement of things, data and resources compliant with "best practice", the systems are supposed to improve surgery planning and, hence, resource utilization. This study reports from a large-scale Electronic Patient Record development project, which also included workflow support in a surgery planning module. By applying an understanding of workflow systems and their ordering and coordinative mechanisms, this study investigates the effect of such systems on interdisciplinary work in surgery planning. The study shows that interdisciplinary work is affected by workflow systems in the way that the systems "order" responsibility and sequential dependency of tasks. The collective responsibility was affected by the sequential ordering and user role constraints inherent to the system. Moreover, there was a clear redistribution of tasks as a consequence of the formalization and the accountability mechanism.
{"title":"Formalization and Accountability in Surgery Planning","authors":"Bente Christensen","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2957309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2957309","url":null,"abstract":"Due to poor resource utilization in surgery performance, there is increasing interest in applying workflow systems. Notably, due to their ability to \"steer\" the execution of the process toward an intended goal, according to an arrangement of things, data and resources compliant with \"best practice\", the systems are supposed to improve surgery planning and, hence, resource utilization. This study reports from a large-scale Electronic Patient Record development project, which also included workflow support in a surgery planning module. By applying an understanding of workflow systems and their ordering and coordinative mechanisms, this study investigates the effect of such systems on interdisciplinary work in surgery planning. The study shows that interdisciplinary work is affected by workflow systems in the way that the systems \"order\" responsibility and sequential dependency of tasks. The collective responsibility was affected by the sequential ordering and user role constraints inherent to the system. Moreover, there was a clear redistribution of tasks as a consequence of the formalization and the accountability mechanism.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130039893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With new technological advances more and more the boundaries of online and offline spaces is becoming fuzzy. This hybrid model of computer-mediated communication introduces new challenges and opportunities for users, researchers, and practitioners. My dissertation research focuses particularly of designing processes and tools to better support newcomers within online communities with hybrid communication patterns. My dissertation will contribute to research and practices of building "newcomer-friendly" hybrid communities.
{"title":"Engaging Newcomers in Hybrid Communities","authors":"Di Lu","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2997024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2997024","url":null,"abstract":"With new technological advances more and more the boundaries of online and offline spaces is becoming fuzzy. This hybrid model of computer-mediated communication introduces new challenges and opportunities for users, researchers, and practitioners. My dissertation research focuses particularly of designing processes and tools to better support newcomers within online communities with hybrid communication patterns. My dissertation will contribute to research and practices of building \"newcomer-friendly\" hybrid communities.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130857458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dramatic advances in sensor and computing miniaturization for personal data collection are making Personal Informatics (PI) tools a reality. Yet, advances in data collection have not been matched with similar advances in tools to promote, support, and facilitate reflection on this data. This gap leaves people with large swaths of data, but very little understanding of how to make sense of the data or to derive actionable insights. In this work, we explore a process called shared reflection, where individuals are paired with other data collectors, and asked (through prompts) to reflect on one another?s data. Based on a six-week study where 15 participants collected different kinds of personal data and engaged in a shared reflection process, we show that participants gained transformative insights from others' reflections on their data. While this was promising, we discuss practical challenges in deploying this idea into real world personal informatics tools. In particular, while shared reflection can be appropriated to effectively bootstrap reflection on one's data, this needs to be balanced against privacy and control concerns.
{"title":"Help Me Help You: Shared Reflection for Personal Data","authors":"L. Graham, Anthony Tang, Carman Neustaedter","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2957293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2957293","url":null,"abstract":"Dramatic advances in sensor and computing miniaturization for personal data collection are making Personal Informatics (PI) tools a reality. Yet, advances in data collection have not been matched with similar advances in tools to promote, support, and facilitate reflection on this data. This gap leaves people with large swaths of data, but very little understanding of how to make sense of the data or to derive actionable insights. In this work, we explore a process called shared reflection, where individuals are paired with other data collectors, and asked (through prompts) to reflect on one another?s data. Based on a six-week study where 15 participants collected different kinds of personal data and engaged in a shared reflection process, we show that participants gained transformative insights from others' reflections on their data. While this was promising, we discuss practical challenges in deploying this idea into real world personal informatics tools. In particular, while shared reflection can be appropriated to effectively bootstrap reflection on one's data, this needs to be balanced against privacy and control concerns.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133341322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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