It is widely accepted within the fields of Design and Human-Computer Interaction that designing products in collaboration with end users can lead to more useful, usable, and desirable products. Less explored is the co-design process's potential to change organizational culture through introduction and illustration of its central principles at work: such as prioritizing participants needs and experiences; mutual learning; and sustainability into organizations' practices and processes. This poster presents a case study on how the process of co-designing a collaborative digital application introduced change within the processes and practices of an autism support service organization in the US towards a human-centered approach.
{"title":"Fostering Organizational Change through Co-Designing Collaborative Media","authors":"Michelle Partogi, Nassim Jafarinaimi","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2996289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2996289","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely accepted within the fields of Design and Human-Computer Interaction that designing products in collaboration with end users can lead to more useful, usable, and desirable products. Less explored is the co-design process's potential to change organizational culture through introduction and illustration of its central principles at work: such as prioritizing participants needs and experiences; mutual learning; and sustainability into organizations' practices and processes. This poster presents a case study on how the process of co-designing a collaborative digital application introduced change within the processes and practices of an autism support service organization in the US towards a human-centered approach.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116567256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Jackson, Kevin Crowston, Gabriel Mugar, Carsten S. Østerlund
In this paper, we describe the results of an online field experiment examining the impacts of messaging about task novelty on the volume of volunteers' contributions to an online citizen science project. Encouraging volunteers to provide a little more content as they work is an attractive strategy to increase the community's output. Prior research found that an important motivation for participation in online citizen science is the wonder of being the first person to observe a particular image. To appeal to this motivation, a pop-up message was added to an online citizen science project that alerted volunteers when they were the first to annotate a particular image. Our analysis reveals that new volunteers who saw these messages increased the volume of annotations they contributed. The results of our study suggest an additional strategy to increase the amount of work volunteers contribute to online communities and citizen science projects specifically.
{"title":"\"Guess what! You're the First to See this Event\": Increasing Contribution to Online Production Communities","authors":"C. Jackson, Kevin Crowston, Gabriel Mugar, Carsten S. Østerlund","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2957284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2957284","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we describe the results of an online field experiment examining the impacts of messaging about task novelty on the volume of volunteers' contributions to an online citizen science project. Encouraging volunteers to provide a little more content as they work is an attractive strategy to increase the community's output. Prior research found that an important motivation for participation in online citizen science is the wonder of being the first person to observe a particular image. To appeal to this motivation, a pop-up message was added to an online citizen science project that alerted volunteers when they were the first to annotate a particular image. Our analysis reveals that new volunteers who saw these messages increased the volume of annotations they contributed. The results of our study suggest an additional strategy to increase the amount of work volunteers contribute to online communities and citizen science projects specifically.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123740555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Academic researchers have been collecting data and pro- gramming scripts to process and analyze them for years. Re- searchers have studied the difficulty in sharing data alone, but sharing the scripts required to reproduce results has been discussed less often. At the Collective Action and So- cial Media (CASM) Lab at the Illinois Institute of Technol- ogy, we study how people use social media to engage with their communities. Our interdisciplinary team consists of students with various technical backgrounds. Since everyone in the lab needs to run code, we have developed a standard repository structure. We will share the structure definition and explain the reasoning behind our design decisions. We aim to make our data and code accessible to social scientists not trained in information retrieval, so we frame this paper from that perspective. By publicizing our approach we invite researchers with similar goals to build on our work, collab- orate on the design and implementation of modern tools to share code and data, and to suggest improvements to our process.
{"title":"Shaing Code Among Academic Researchers: Lessons Learned","authors":"Carol E. Schmitz, Ameena Khan, Libby Hemphill","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2996290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2996290","url":null,"abstract":"Academic researchers have been collecting data and pro- gramming scripts to process and analyze them for years. Re- searchers have studied the difficulty in sharing data alone, but sharing the scripts required to reproduce results has been discussed less often. At the Collective Action and So- cial Media (CASM) Lab at the Illinois Institute of Technol- ogy, we study how people use social media to engage with their communities. Our interdisciplinary team consists of students with various technical backgrounds. Since everyone in the lab needs to run code, we have developed a standard repository structure. We will share the structure definition and explain the reasoning behind our design decisions. We aim to make our data and code accessible to social scientists not trained in information retrieval, so we frame this paper from that perspective. By publicizing our approach we invite researchers with similar goals to build on our work, collab- orate on the design and implementation of modern tools to share code and data, and to suggest improvements to our process.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123752917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q. Liao, V. Bellotti, Michael Youngblood, Michael Youngblood
This paper details the work of a seldom studied but growing population of members of grassroots, offline-project based groups. We aim to understand how these groups self-organize to enable a large number of volunteers to gather and "get things done," and identify design opportunities for technologies to support such work. By studying the work structure, we identified two types of members, regular and episodic participants, who differ in structural role, motivation, and type of work they do. We studied two key tasks: 1) project management, which is mostly done collaboratively by the regular participants; and 2) organization of work events-the project implementation, which involve many episodic participants. For both tasks, we report on common practices and tools that are currently used. We then discuss design implications and user requirements for developing specialized tools to support these tasks.
{"title":"Improvising Harmony: Opportunities for Technologies to Support Crowd Orchestration","authors":"Q. Liao, V. Bellotti, Michael Youngblood, Michael Youngblood","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2957303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2957303","url":null,"abstract":"This paper details the work of a seldom studied but growing population of members of grassroots, offline-project based groups. We aim to understand how these groups self-organize to enable a large number of volunteers to gather and \"get things done,\" and identify design opportunities for technologies to support such work. By studying the work structure, we identified two types of members, regular and episodic participants, who differ in structural role, motivation, and type of work they do. We studied two key tasks: 1) project management, which is mostly done collaboratively by the regular participants; and 2) organization of work events-the project implementation, which involve many episodic participants. For both tasks, we report on common practices and tools that are currently used. We then discuss design implications and user requirements for developing specialized tools to support these tasks.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124762555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
My dissertation research explores the role technologies play in shaping how work practices are seen, imagined, and valued. I focus on how data remnants and traces, the technological residue left in the wake of human-computer interactions, become anchors that orient the construction of seeing work within an organization. To examine this, I draw on ethnographic fieldwork at a high tech firm and focus on efforts to reinvent an email client. I explore how seeing work in and through trace data paints increasingly narrow and modular portraits of work, reframing the contours and potential of vision and visibility in the workplace.
{"title":"Seeing Work: Constructing Visions of Work in and through Data","authors":"Christine T. Wolf","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2997028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2997028","url":null,"abstract":"My dissertation research explores the role technologies play in shaping how work practices are seen, imagined, and valued. I focus on how data remnants and traces, the technological residue left in the wake of human-computer interactions, become anchors that orient the construction of seeing work within an organization. To examine this, I draw on ethnographic fieldwork at a high tech firm and focus on efforts to reinvent an email client. I explore how seeing work in and through trace data paints increasingly narrow and modular portraits of work, reframing the contours and potential of vision and visibility in the workplace.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128779677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We investigate interpretations of a biosignal (heartrate) in uncertain social interactions. We describe the quantitative and qualitative results of a randomized vignette experiment in which subjects were asked to make assessments about an acquaintance based on an imagined scenario that included shared heartrate information. We compare the results of this experiment in adversarial and non-adversarial contexts of interaction. We find that elevated heartrate transmits cues about mood in both contexts, but that these cues do not appear to impact assessments of trustworthiness, reliability and dependability. Counter to our expectations, we find that normal (rather than elevated) heartrate leads to negative trust-related assessments, but only in an adversarial context. Our qualitative analysis points to the role of social expectations in shaping contextual interpretations of heartrate, and reveals individual differences in the way interpretations are constructed. We unpack some of the ways that social meanings can arise from biosensor data, and discuss considerations for those designing interactions with wearables.
{"title":"Habits of the Heart(rate): Social Interpretation of Biosignals in Two Interaction Contexts","authors":"Nick Merrill, Coye Cheshire","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2957313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2957313","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate interpretations of a biosignal (heartrate) in uncertain social interactions. We describe the quantitative and qualitative results of a randomized vignette experiment in which subjects were asked to make assessments about an acquaintance based on an imagined scenario that included shared heartrate information. We compare the results of this experiment in adversarial and non-adversarial contexts of interaction. We find that elevated heartrate transmits cues about mood in both contexts, but that these cues do not appear to impact assessments of trustworthiness, reliability and dependability. Counter to our expectations, we find that normal (rather than elevated) heartrate leads to negative trust-related assessments, but only in an adversarial context. Our qualitative analysis points to the role of social expectations in shaping contextual interpretations of heartrate, and reveals individual differences in the way interpretations are constructed. We unpack some of the ways that social meanings can arise from biosensor data, and discuss considerations for those designing interactions with wearables.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"1995 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128187200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1. Objective The opening Keynote of GROUP 2016 is a Symposium of people who work on systems. We chose the word "symposium" because we envision diverse perspectives, short position statements and discussion, but very little of the debate or competition of a panel. The aim is to reflect the diversity and the breadth of perspectives in the GROUP community. We will think together about the current state of the art and science in systems work, and the future of systems work.
1. GROUP 2016的开幕主题是一个系统工作人员的研讨会。我们选择了“专题讨论会”这个词，因为我们设想了不同的观点，简短的立场陈述和讨论，但很少有小组辩论或竞争。其目的是反映集团社区的多样性和视角的广度。我们将一起思考系统工作的艺术和科学现状，以及系统工作的未来。
{"title":"Keynote Symposium on Systems Work","authors":"M. Lewkowicz, Michael J. Muller","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2957317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2957317","url":null,"abstract":"1. Objective The opening Keynote of GROUP 2016 is a Symposium of people who work on systems. We chose the word \"symposium\" because we envision diverse perspectives, short position statements and discussion, but very little of the debate or competition of a panel. The aim is to reflect the diversity and the breadth of perspectives in the GROUP community. We will think together about the current state of the art and science in systems work, and the future of systems work.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134024537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chaya Hiruncharoenvate, W. Smith, W. K. Edwards, Eric Gilbert
Recent news has made social media notorious for both abusing user data and allowing governments to scrutinize personal information. Nevertheless, people still enjoy connecting with friends and families through social media but fail to use it to connect to local communities where we live our daily lives. In this paper, we present Popup Networks, a new platform for building hyper-local social computing applications, running on home wireless routers via an underlying mesh network. Summative interviews illustrate interests in using Popup Networks to create new local ties and as a backup in the case of Internet disruption. By utilizing locality to ward off external risks, Popup Networks provide alternative privacy, visibility, and economic models compared to traditional social media. While deploying Popup Networks would be an ideal evaluation, we argue that the technical tests and user interviews we conducted are suitable for socially complex systems such as Popup Networks--advocating an agenda moving forward for social computing systems research.
{"title":"Popup Networks: Creating Decentralized Social Media on Top of Commodity Wireless Routers","authors":"Chaya Hiruncharoenvate, W. Smith, W. K. Edwards, Eric Gilbert","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2957285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2957285","url":null,"abstract":"Recent news has made social media notorious for both abusing user data and allowing governments to scrutinize personal information. Nevertheless, people still enjoy connecting with friends and families through social media but fail to use it to connect to local communities where we live our daily lives. In this paper, we present Popup Networks, a new platform for building hyper-local social computing applications, running on home wireless routers via an underlying mesh network. Summative interviews illustrate interests in using Popup Networks to create new local ties and as a backup in the case of Internet disruption. By utilizing locality to ward off external risks, Popup Networks provide alternative privacy, visibility, and economic models compared to traditional social media. While deploying Popup Networks would be an ideal evaluation, we argue that the technical tests and user interviews we conducted are suitable for socially complex systems such as Popup Networks--advocating an agenda moving forward for social computing systems research.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132537511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The transformation of ideas and inventions into actual products is an arduous process that often requires persistent promotion by the inventor, often collaboratively with others. Through an ethnographic field study of an information systems R&D laboratory I illustrate how innovators achieved the goal of promoting their digital inventions by crafting and performing collective narratives demos that strategically leveraged affordances of digital medium. Even though demos were not part of the formal evaluation metric for researchers, they played a crucial role within the organizations through their use for articulation work. Through this articulation work of narrative construction innovators translated their perceived image of the audience into material properties of their artifact and weaved it into their narrative presentation. These highly personalized and often interactive experiences allowed the innovators to tightly manage impressions of their artifact and of them. Products that could be personalized were more likely to garner audience interest and support within the organization. Given the increase in use of digital technology within organizations, more work is needed to understand how articulation changes with digitization.
{"title":"Demo or Die: Narrative Construction as Articulation Work for Promoting Early Stage Digital Innovations","authors":"A. Johri","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2957308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2957308","url":null,"abstract":"The transformation of ideas and inventions into actual products is an arduous process that often requires persistent promotion by the inventor, often collaboratively with others. Through an ethnographic field study of an information systems R&D laboratory I illustrate how innovators achieved the goal of promoting their digital inventions by crafting and performing collective narratives demos that strategically leveraged affordances of digital medium. Even though demos were not part of the formal evaluation metric for researchers, they played a crucial role within the organizations through their use for articulation work. Through this articulation work of narrative construction innovators translated their perceived image of the audience into material properties of their artifact and weaved it into their narrative presentation. These highly personalized and often interactive experiences allowed the innovators to tightly manage impressions of their artifact and of them. Products that could be personalized were more likely to garner audience interest and support within the organization. Given the increase in use of digital technology within organizations, more work is needed to understand how articulation changes with digitization.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"329 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115388546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Communities comprised of students enrolled in distance education differ from traditional students in residential campus sites not only in the separation of distance and time and the invisibility of peers, but also because the majority of the members are adult learners. My research is dedicated to promoting online students' sense of community and collective community efficacy by enhancing the visibility of students' relevant information and connections with others in the online educational setting. Following a user-centered design approach, I am probing the stakeholders' needs and building prototypes grounded in these findings. With iterative evaluations in the field and lab studies, I aim to build and evaluate the impacts of these interactive visualizations on distance students' sense of community.
{"title":"Enhancing Visibility of Distance Learners To Promote Sense Of Community","authors":"N. Sun","doi":"10.1145/2957276.2997026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2957276.2997026","url":null,"abstract":"Communities comprised of students enrolled in distance education differ from traditional students in residential campus sites not only in the separation of distance and time and the invisibility of peers, but also because the majority of the members are adult learners. My research is dedicated to promoting online students' sense of community and collective community efficacy by enhancing the visibility of students' relevant information and connections with others in the online educational setting. Following a user-centered design approach, I am probing the stakeholders' needs and building prototypes grounded in these findings. With iterative evaluations in the field and lab studies, I aim to build and evaluate the impacts of these interactive visualizations on distance students' sense of community.","PeriodicalId":244100,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116813521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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