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MORAL DIMENTIONS OF CHRONOTOPE 时间的道德维度
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/litzhur/2021.54.06
A. Sychev
The paper reconstructs the ethical implications of chronotope in the works of Alexei Ukhtomsky and Mikhail Bakhtin. The development of the concept is analyzed in the historical context of the transition from the ethics of norms (rooted in the timeless and non-spatial absolute) to the ethics of acts (performed in the specific time and space). It is shown that both theories of the chronotope proceed from the idea of the priority of a unique act (committed at a specific time in a certain place) before a general theory, and recognize the need to take into account the Other, who adds the dimension of value to the space-time unity. The chronotope is interpreted as a set of spatio-temporal conditions that sets the possibilities for a moral act. In conclusion the applications of the category of chronotope to the study of contemporary moral reality are discussed.
本文重构了阿列克谢·乌赫托姆斯基和米哈伊尔·巴赫金作品中计时的伦理意蕴。这一概念的发展是在从规范伦理(植根于永恒和非空间的绝对)到行为伦理(在特定的时间和空间中执行)的转变的历史背景下进行分析的。结果表明,这两种时位理论都是从一种独特的行为(在特定时间、特定地点发生的行为)优先于一般理论的观点出发的,并认识到需要考虑他者,他者在时空统一中增加了价值维度。时间点被解释为一系列时空条件,这些条件为道德行为设定了可能性。最后讨论了时代体范畴在当代道德现实研究中的应用。
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引用次数: 0
ROME AND CARTHAGE BY A.V. TIMOFEEV: ON THE PROBLEM OF THE GENESIS OF “HISTORICAL FANTASY” AS A GENRE VARIETY OF RUSSIAN ROMANTIC DRAMA OF THE 19TH CENTURY 蒂莫费耶夫的《罗马与迦太基》——论19世纪俄罗斯浪漫主义戏剧“历史幻想”的起源问题
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/litzhur/2021.53.10
A. Man'kovskii
The paper explores the genre of scarcely studied play by Russian minor writer Alexei V. Timofeev (1812-1883) Rome and Carthage (1837). Timofeev’s contemporary literary critic Osip Senkovskii treated like poet’s failure his use of romantic techniques in the play on ancient plot. Taking into account this opinion the paper analyzes the paratextual elements in the play, the way of describing characters, the division of the play into acts, the connection of the plot events with historical facts. The paper argues that the play approaches the kind of romantic drama, which the author suggests to call “historical fantasy” Its main feature is the coexisting in the plot mythology and religious tradition, on the one hand, and historical events, on the other, the heroes of historical chronicles and the heroes of folk legends, belief in miracles and rationalism. The goal of historical fantasy is to produce a generalized image of the time, to convey the spirit of the epoch while the dramatic action takes a secondary place. Samples of the genre were given in the works of Alexander A. Shakhovskoi, Alexander I. Gertsen, Apollon N. Maikov. Timofeev’s play was just in the way to this kind of drama.
本文探讨了俄罗斯小作家阿列克谢·v·季莫费耶夫(Alexei V. Timofeev, 1812-1883)和《罗马与迦太基》(Rome and Carthage, 1837)这一鲜有研究的戏剧类型。与季莫费耶夫同时代的文学评论家约瑟夫·森科夫斯基认为他在古代情节剧中运用浪漫主义手法是诗人的失败。考虑到这一观点,本文分析了剧中的副文本元素、人物刻画方式、戏剧的幕分、情节事件与历史事实的联系。本文认为,该剧接近于浪漫主义戏剧的类型,作者建议将其称为“历史幻想”,其主要特点是情节神话和宗教传统与历史事件并存,史书英雄与民间传说英雄并存,对奇迹的信仰与理性主义并存。历史幻想的目标是产生一个时代的总体形象,传达时代的精神,而戏剧行动则居于次要地位。Alexander A. Shakhovskoi, Alexander I. Gertsen, Apollon N. Maikov的作品中给出了这种类型的样本。季莫费耶夫的戏剧正好妨碍了这种戏剧的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Game nature of fable. Analysis of the fable by I.A. Krylov «Musicians» 寓言的游戏性质。克里洛夫《音乐家》寓言分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/litzhur/2019.46.06
Ivan Revyakov
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引用次数: 0
RUSSIAN ÉMIGRé ON THE WAVES OF HISTORY: VLADIMIR VARSHAVSKY AND HIS NOVEL “EXPECTATION” 俄语Émigré在历史浪潮上:弗拉基米尔·瓦尔沙夫斯基及其小说《期望》
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/litzhur/2023.60.10
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引用次数: 0
BAKHTIN QUESTION: THE INTERIM ANSWER 巴赫金问题:临时答案
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/litzhur/2022.55.10
I. Peshkov
The article summarizes the interim results of the problem “Bakhtin under a mask”, the main of which is the final solution of Bakhtin question in the sense that the presumption of authorship for disputed texts now unambiguously passes to M.M. Bakhtin. As arguments for proving Bakhtin's attribution of the books “Freudianism”, “The Formal Method in Literary Criticism” and “Marxism and the Philosophy of Language” both numerous testimonies of Bakhtin himself and his contemporaries, and the results of text analysis of controversial books are cited. The logically grouped evidence clarifies Bakhtin's ethical and scientific position on this issue. An immanent study of disputed texts from the point of view of their content and style, on the one hand, and comparing them with authentic Bakhtin works, on the other hand, leads to the recognition of their semantic and stylistic unity, which presupposes the unity of authorship.
本文总结了“面具下的巴赫金”问题的中期结果,其中主要是巴赫金问题的最终解决方案,即对有争议文本的作者推定现在明确地转移到M.M.巴赫金身上。《弗洛伊德主义》、《文学批评的形式方法》和《马克思主义与语言哲学》这三本书作为证明巴赫金的归因的论据,既引用了巴赫金本人和同时代人的大量证词,也引用了对有争议书籍的文本分析结果。逻辑分组的证据阐明了巴赫金在这个问题上的伦理和科学立场。一方面,从内容和风格的角度对有争议的文本进行内在研究,另一方面,将它们与巴赫金的真实作品进行比较,导致承认它们的语义和风格的统一,这是以作者的统一为前提的。
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引用次数: 0
ELEIKIN’S POEM FROM THE COMEDY BY E.P. ROSTOPCHINA “RETURN OF CHATSKY TO MOSCOW <...>” AS A PARODY OF SLAVOPHIL POETRY 艾莱金的诗选自e.p. rostopchina的喜剧《查茨基回归莫斯科》,作为对斯拉夫派诗歌的戏仿
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/litzhur/2022.55.06
A. Ranchin
In the comedy “The Return of Chatsky to Moscow <...>” by E.P. Rostopchina is a Slavophile character with the speaking surname Eleikin (elei - church oil), the prototype of which is A.S. Khomyakov. Eleikin’s words “I must cry all the abominations of Russia!!!...” are an allusion to Khomyakov’s famous poem “To Russia” (1854), which the author of the comedy took with indignation immediately after its appearance. There is a poem, which is attributed to Eleikin in the comedy, which is a satire on Slavophil doctrine and contains a number of parodic echoes with the lyric works of Khomyakov, as well as an allusion to his early tragedy “Dimitri the Pretender”. The edge of satire, in which the views of the Slavophiles are caricatured and partially distorted, is directed both against the Pan-Slavist ideas and against the idealization of the patriarchal order and values of old Russia. The appearance of the poem was apparently connected with the intensification of the activities of the Slavophiles manifested in the establishment of the journal “Russkaya Beseda”.
在E.P. Rostopchina的喜剧《查茨基回归莫斯科》中,他是一个亲斯拉夫的角色,他的姓氏是Eleikin (elei -教堂的油),其原型是A.S.霍米亚科夫。埃莱金的原话是:“我必须为俄罗斯的所有可憎之事而哭泣!!,暗指霍米亚科夫的名诗《致俄罗斯》(to Russia, 1854),这部喜剧的作者在剧作出现后立即愤慨地接受了这首诗。在喜剧中有一首被认为是埃列金的诗,这首诗是对斯拉夫主义的讽刺,包含了许多对霍米亚科夫抒情作品的模仿,以及对他早期悲剧“伪装者迪米特里”的影射。讽刺的边缘,其中斯拉夫主义者的观点被讽刺和部分扭曲,是针对泛斯拉夫主义的思想和反对理想化的父权秩序和旧俄罗斯的价值观。这首诗的出现显然与斯拉夫派活动的加强有关,这表现在《俄国人》杂志的创立上。
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引用次数: 0
HISTORY AND THEORY OF LITERATURE IN THE WORKS OF A.V. MIKHAILOV 米哈伊洛夫作品中的文学史与文学理论
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/litzhur/2022.58.08
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引用次数: 0
“CREATING CONSCIOUSNESS”, OR MIKHAIL BAKHTIN BETWEEN PAST AND FUTURE "创造意识"或米哈伊尔·巴赫金的"过去与未来
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/litzhur/2021.54.01
Vitaliy Makhlin
Three things are investigated in the present article: first, the general situation in the so-called Bakhtin studies, East and West; secondly, a possible new approach to Bakhtin’ thinking in the context of the “non-Bakhtinian” ideological and scientific atmosphere after the end of the new times, or the Modernity; thirdly, some preliminary commentary is given to Bakhtin’s notion of authorship, or the “creating consciousness”. Consequently, the first part of the article is a discussion of the disparity between Bakhtin’s world-wide popularity and the general problematiicity of his “influence”. The second part is an attempt to investigate some possibility of “another beginning” in the humanities in general and in Bakhtin studies in particular. While a possibility of creative future, or the “new”, doesn’t seem to exist within the horizon of the present, it is not the present, then, but the creative past of the previous epochs is likely to hermeneutically produce possibilities to enrich our creative potential in the modus of “future-in-the-past”. The last part of the article demonstrates a possibility of “another beginning” elucidating Bakhtin’s concept of authorship as a “creating consciousness”. In the Bakhtinian thinking, a creating author, as well as an active person, is not so much existential or monological, but, rather, grotesque and dialogical. Authorship as the “creating consciousness”seems to overcome the ideal of autonomy typical for the Modernity by his alternative principle of the “autonomous participation or participating autonomy” in life, in art, and in science.
本文考察了三件事:第一,所谓巴赫金研究的一般情况,东方和西方;第二,在“非巴赫金主义”的意识形态和科学氛围的背景下,新时代或现代性结束后,巴赫金思想的可能新途径;第三,对巴赫金的作者身份或“创造意识”概念作了一些初步的评析。因此,文章的第一部分是讨论巴赫金在世界范围内的知名度与他的“影响”的普遍问题之间的差异。第二部分试图探讨一般人文学科,特别是巴赫金研究中“另一开始”的可能性。虽然创造性未来的可能性或“新”似乎并不存在于现在的视界之内,但它不是现在,那么,以前时代的创造性过去很可能以解释学的方式产生可能性,以“过去的未来”的方式丰富我们的创造性潜力。文章的最后部分论证了“另一种开始”的可能性,以阐释巴赫金作为“创造意识”的作者概念。在巴赫金主义的思想中,一个有创造力的作者,以及一个活跃的人,不是那么存在的或单一的,而是怪诞的和对话的。作者身份作为一种“创造意识”,似乎通过他在生活、艺术和科学中“自主参与或参与自主”的替代原则,克服了现代性典型的自主理想。
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引用次数: 0
MARINA TSVETAEVA IN THE BIOGRAPHY OF PRINCE D.P. SVYATOPOLK-MIRSKY 玛丽娜·茨维塔耶娃在斯维亚托波尔克-米尔斯基公爵传记中
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/litzhur/2022.57.01
O. Osovskii
The article is devoted to the literary and human relations between two prominent figures in the literature of Russian emigre literature, M.I. Tsvetaeva and D.P. Svyatopolk-Mirsky. According to the author, an analysis of this relationship in the context of the history of literature, culture, ideology and politics of emigration adds the new details to the modern understanding Russia abroad as well as the literary biography functioning and “little time” (M.M. Bakhtin) working in writer and literary critic’ life. The author uses materials from the biographies of M. Tsvetaeva by M. Razumovskaya, V. Schweitzer and I. Kudrova, as well as the recently published biography of D. Svyatopolk-Mirsky by M. Yefimov and J. Smith. The author attempts to reconstruct the nature of the relationship between the poet and the critic, to add new details to the already existing picture in colour studies and to highlight the reasons for specific interpretations of this subject.
本文探讨了俄国流亡文学中的两位杰出人物——茨维塔耶娃和斯维亚托波尔克-米尔斯基之间的文学与人际关系。作者认为,在文学、文化、意识形态和移民政治的历史背景下分析这种关系,为现代国外对俄罗斯的认识以及作家和文学评论家生活中的文学传记功能和“小时间”(巴赫金)提供了新的细节。作者使用的材料来自M.拉祖莫夫斯卡娅、V.施韦策和I.库德罗娃的茨维塔耶娃传记,以及M.叶菲莫夫和J.史密斯最近出版的斯维亚托波尔克-米尔斯基传记。作者试图重构诗人与评论家之间关系的本质,为色彩研究中已经存在的图景增添新的细节,并强调对这一主题进行特定解释的原因。
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引用次数: 0
FLAUBERT’S HYPERTEXTS IN CHEKHOV’ WORKS (ON THE CONCEPT OF “CONSTRUCTIVE CRYPTO-PARODY”) 契诃夫作品中福楼拜的超文本(论“建设性的隐戏仿”概念)
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/litzhur/2021.53.06
S. Kibalnik
The article addresses the hypertexts of Flaubert in Chekhov’s works. The hypertextuality in Chekhov’s story Duel (1891) is connected with Flaubert’s novel Madame Bovary (1856), and is hybrid and optional. The story The Jumping Girl (1891) written shortly after, is already a fairly obvious hypertext of Flaubert’s novel: the scheme of the plot and the semantic of the original source is transformed to a much lesser extent. One more explicit hypertext of Flaubert’s A Simple Soul (1877) could be found in Chekhov’s late story Darling (1899). The article both describes and analyzes in all these texts (following R. Nazirov) a kind of “constructive crypto parody” which is not the parody on Flaubert’s works, but the polemical interpretation of them. Flaubert’s hypertexts in Chekhov’s prose bear a distinct imprint of the Russian classics with its “anti-individualistic” endency, on the one hand, and of Chekhov’s own artistic world based on overcoming Flaubert’s keen sense of the tragedy of life with sarcasm and laughter, on the other.
本文论述了契诃夫作品中福楼拜的超文本。契诃夫的小说《决斗》(1891)中的超文本性与福楼拜的小说《包法利夫人》(1856)有关,是混合的和可选择的。之后不久写的故事《跳的女孩》(1891)已经是福楼拜小说的一个相当明显的超文本:情节的计划和原始来源的语义在较小程度上发生了变化。福楼拜的《单纯的灵魂》(1877)的一个更明确的超文本可以在契诃夫的晚期小说《亲爱的》(1899)中找到。本文在所有这些文本中(以纳齐洛夫为例)都描述和分析了一种“建设性的暗语戏仿”,这种戏仿不是对福楼拜作品的戏仿,而是对福楼拜作品的辩论性解读。福楼拜在契诃夫散文中的超文本,一方面具有鲜明的“反个人主义”倾向的俄国古典主义印记,另一方面具有契诃夫以讽刺和笑声克服福楼拜对人生悲剧的敏锐感知为基础的自己的艺术世界印记。
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引用次数: 0
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Literaturovedcheskii Zhurnal
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