Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.6
S. Altinörs
In terms of the debates about substance that took place among philosophers, a very rich literature has been inherited today from the Early Modern Age. In the mentioned literature, the works of famous philosophers of the period such as Hobbes, Descartes, Leibniz, Locke, Spinoza come to the fore. Anne Conway’s name did not gain fame with the only work she wrote. However, in this onto-theological work, Conway put forward a strong refutation towards Cartesian dualist metaphysics. She criticized the Cartesian conception that there are two distinct types of substance, one material and the other immaterial-spiritual. Apart from Descartes, to whom Conway clearly directs the arrows of criticism in the context of dualism, there is a second philosopher placed on the target: Conway’s close friend Henry More. Dedicating his treatise “Antidote against to atheism” to Conway, he believes that there are two types of substances: Inert matter and active immaterial spirit. Conway did not base her critique of dualism on his compatriot Hobbes’ belief in pure material substance. According to Conway, there is only one type of substance, and it is neither purely spiritual nor purely material. For Conway, who is neither materialist nor spiritualist, things called “material” and “spiritual” are different “modes” of a single type of substance, which is not actually just one of the two. In our article, we will also touch on the similarities and differences between Conway’s ideas and Leibniz’s ontology. Thus, in the conclusion part of our article, we will try to clarify Conway’s original position against the substance understandings of the leading philosophers of her age.
{"title":"ANNE CONWAY’İN KARTEZYEN TÖZ DÜALİZMİNE YÖNELİK REDDİYESİNİN ÖZGÜNLÜĞÜ","authors":"S. Altinörs","doi":"10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.6","url":null,"abstract":"In terms of the debates about substance that took place among philosophers, a very rich literature has been inherited today from the Early Modern Age. In the mentioned literature, the works of famous philosophers of the period such as Hobbes, Descartes, Leibniz, Locke, Spinoza come to the fore. Anne Conway’s name did not gain fame with the only work she wrote. However, in this onto-theological work, Conway put forward a strong refutation towards Cartesian dualist metaphysics. She criticized the Cartesian conception that there are two distinct types of substance, one material and the other immaterial-spiritual. Apart from Descartes, to whom Conway clearly directs the arrows of criticism in the context of dualism, there is a second philosopher placed on the target: Conway’s close friend Henry More. Dedicating his treatise “Antidote against to atheism” to Conway, he believes that there are two types of substances: Inert matter and active immaterial spirit. Conway did not base her critique of dualism on his compatriot Hobbes’ belief in pure material substance. According to Conway, there is only one type of substance, and it is neither purely spiritual nor purely material. For Conway, who is neither materialist nor spiritualist, things called “material” and “spiritual” are different “modes” of a single type of substance, which is not actually just one of the two. In our article, we will also touch on the similarities and differences between Conway’s ideas and Leibniz’s ontology. Thus, in the conclusion part of our article, we will try to clarify Conway’s original position against the substance understandings of the leading philosophers of her age.","PeriodicalId":246426,"journal":{"name":"TOBIDER - International Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129260004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.15
Tuğba Şi̇mşek, Ali İlker Gümüşeli̇
{"title":"ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN UZAKTAN ÖĞRETİME İLİŞKİN HAZIR BULUNUŞLUK VE MEMNUNİYET DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ","authors":"Tuğba Şi̇mşek, Ali İlker Gümüşeli̇","doi":"10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":246426,"journal":{"name":"TOBIDER - International Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"96 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114434507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.12
M. Sağlam
Değerlerin yozlaştığı, ayrışmanın arttığı modern çağda içinde farklı etnik unsurların bulunduğu ülkelerin huzur ve güvenliği risk altındadır. Aynı kültürel değerlere sahip olmalarına rağmen farklı etnik gruplardan oluşan ülkelerde yaşanan iç çatışmalar ve ayrışmalar bu gerçeği açıkça göstermektedir. Toplumların yıkımına sebep olacak ayrışmayı ve iç çatışmayı engellemenin en etkili yolu, ortak kültürel değerleri sosyal hafızada canlı tutmaktır. Bu anlamda millî kültür temasını içeren edebî eserlerden mümkün olduğu ölçüde yararlanmak gerekmektedir. Türk edebiyatında millî kültür unsurlarını içeren oldukça çok sayıda hikâye edici ve bilgilendirici metin bulunmaktadır. Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın Beş Şehir denemesi bu tür eserlerden sadece bir örneklemi oluşturmaktadır.
{"title":"AHMET HAMDİ TANPINAR’IN BEŞ ŞEHİR DENEMESİNDE MİLLÎ KÜLTÜR","authors":"M. Sağlam","doi":"10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.12","url":null,"abstract":"Değerlerin yozlaştığı, ayrışmanın arttığı modern çağda içinde farklı etnik unsurların bulunduğu ülkelerin huzur ve güvenliği risk altındadır. Aynı kültürel değerlere sahip olmalarına rağmen farklı etnik gruplardan oluşan ülkelerde yaşanan iç çatışmalar ve ayrışmalar bu gerçeği açıkça göstermektedir. Toplumların yıkımına sebep olacak ayrışmayı ve iç çatışmayı engellemenin en etkili yolu, ortak kültürel değerleri sosyal hafızada canlı tutmaktır. Bu anlamda millî kültür temasını içeren edebî eserlerden mümkün olduğu ölçüde yararlanmak gerekmektedir. Türk edebiyatında millî kültür unsurlarını içeren oldukça çok sayıda hikâye edici ve bilgilendirici metin bulunmaktadır. Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın Beş Şehir denemesi bu tür eserlerden sadece bir örneklemi oluşturmaktadır.","PeriodicalId":246426,"journal":{"name":"TOBIDER - International Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116083422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.5
Emre Saral
Behiç Erkin corresponded with Gyula Németh, the famous Hungarian turcologist, where he was the minister in Hungary between 1928-1939. These correspondences, which began in 1934 and continued until the end of the 1940s, are kept in the Manuscripts Department of the National Széchenyi Library in Budapest. The relevant folder consists of 19 letters, business cards and postcards. It is understood that this contact, which initially included official contacts on professional issues, evolved into a friendship over time; So much so that these two people continued to write to each other despite the obstacles such as the Second World War and the Cold War. Following Erkin completed his diplomatic missions and returned to Turkey, the content of the correspondence took the form of New Year gratitudes. These correspondences are remarkable owing to the fact that they reflect the political and social atmosphere of the period and give clues about the turcology in Hungary. The correspondence emerged during the examination of the origins of Turkish history and language, which was an important pillar of the Turkish Cultural Revolution in the Early Republican Period, as Németh's area of expertise was in line with. The Turkish authorities were able to utilize the Hungarian scholar's knowledge to its utmost where the latter was very willing to share his professional experience. In this study, the correspondence between Behiç Erkin and Gyula Németh in the referred classification is completely given while the people and events mentioned in these correspondences, which are given in a chronological order, are explained and interpreted.
{"title":"BEHİÇ ERKİN İLE GYULA NÉMETH ARASINDAKİ YAZIŞMALAR (1934-1949)","authors":"Emre Saral","doi":"10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.5","url":null,"abstract":"Behiç Erkin corresponded with Gyula Németh, the famous Hungarian turcologist, where he was the minister in Hungary between 1928-1939. These correspondences, which began in 1934 and continued until the end of the 1940s, are kept in the Manuscripts Department of the National Széchenyi Library in Budapest. The relevant folder consists of 19 letters, business cards and postcards. It is understood that this contact, which initially included official contacts on professional issues, evolved into a friendship over time; So much so that these two people continued to write to each other despite the obstacles such as the Second World War and the Cold War. Following Erkin completed his diplomatic missions and returned to Turkey, the content of the correspondence took the form of New Year gratitudes. These correspondences are remarkable owing to the fact that they reflect the political and social atmosphere of the period and give clues about the turcology in Hungary. The correspondence emerged during the examination of the origins of Turkish history and language, which was an important pillar of the Turkish Cultural Revolution in the Early Republican Period, as Németh's area of expertise was in line with. The Turkish authorities were able to utilize the Hungarian scholar's knowledge to its utmost where the latter was very willing to share his professional experience. In this study, the correspondence between Behiç Erkin and Gyula Németh in the referred classification is completely given while the people and events mentioned in these correspondences, which are given in a chronological order, are explained and interpreted.","PeriodicalId":246426,"journal":{"name":"TOBIDER - International Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125417469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.1
Levent Kutlutürk
Accessibility includes features that facilitate the lives of not only disabled people but also non-disabled individuals and contribute at some points. Many international studies and developments are carried out on this subject. In Turkey, these developments are sometimes adapted, sometimes handled as they are, and are the subject of valuable studies. It is inevitable that there will be a certain percentage of people with disabilities among academics or researchers. Although the number of academics with disabilities is not an available information in our country, it would be wrong to deny the fact that they exist. It is expected that academicians will be promoted or appointed over time. Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, TR Index and DergiPark, which are the most important systems and websites used for this purpose, should be accessible not only to people with disabilities but also to non-disabled people. In this context, these websites were examined with WAVE, an accessibility assessment tool. In the context of equality of opportunity, the data obtained on how accessible these systems and websites are, were evaluated with descriptive statistics method. As a result, WoS and Scopus are insufficient in the context of assistive technologies for users with disabilities; It has been determined that there are similar errors, albeit at a lower rate, on PubMed, TR Directory and DergiPark websites. In addition, visual design, contrast, empty link and labeling errors were detected and the necessity of making improvements and rearrangements in many areas has been revealed.
可访问性包括便利残疾人和非残疾人生活的功能，并在某些方面做出贡献。在这个问题上进行了许多国际研究和发展。在土耳其，这些事态发展有时经过调整，有时按原样处理，是有价值的研究课题。在学者或研究人员中，不可避免地会有一定比例的残疾人。虽然在我国没有关于残疾学者人数的资料，但是否认残疾学者的存在是错误的。预计院士将随着时间的推移而得到提升或任命。Web of Science、Scopus、PubMed、TR Index和DergiPark是用于此目的的最重要的系统和网站，它们不仅应该对残疾人开放，也应该对非残疾人开放。在这种情况下，这些网站使用WAVE，一个可访问性评估工具进行了检查。在机会平等的背景下，用描述性统计方法评价了关于这些系统和网站的可及性的数据。因此，WoS和Scopus在残障用户辅助技术的背景下是不够的;在PubMed, TR Directory和DergiPark网站上也有类似的错误，尽管发生率较低。此外，还发现了视觉设计、对比、空链接和标签错误，并揭示了许多方面需要改进和重新安排。
{"title":"ENGELLİ AKADEMİSYENLER BAĞLAMINDA AKADEMİK ATAMA/YÜKSELTME KRİTERLERİ İÇİN KULLANILAN WEB SİTELERİNİN ERİŞİLEBİLİRLİĞİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ","authors":"Levent Kutlutürk","doi":"10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.1","url":null,"abstract":"Accessibility includes features that facilitate the lives of not only disabled people but also non-disabled individuals and contribute at some points. Many international studies and developments are carried out on this subject. In Turkey, these developments are sometimes adapted, sometimes handled as they are, and are the subject of valuable studies. It is inevitable that there will be a certain percentage of people with disabilities among academics or researchers. Although the number of academics with disabilities is not an available information in our country, it would be wrong to deny the fact that they exist. It is expected that academicians will be promoted or appointed over time. Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, TR Index and DergiPark, which are the most important systems and websites used for this purpose, should be accessible not only to people with disabilities but also to non-disabled people. In this context, these websites were examined with WAVE, an accessibility assessment tool. In the context of equality of opportunity, the data obtained on how accessible these systems and websites are, were evaluated with descriptive statistics method. As a result, WoS and Scopus are insufficient in the context of assistive technologies for users with disabilities; It has been determined that there are similar errors, albeit at a lower rate, on PubMed, TR Directory and DergiPark websites. In addition, visual design, contrast, empty link and labeling errors were detected and the necessity of making improvements and rearrangements in many areas has been revealed.","PeriodicalId":246426,"journal":{"name":"TOBIDER - International Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125540517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.7
Esengül SAĞLAM CAN
Feminist literary criticism focuses on what women are doing in a fictional work, how they interact with men, what the moral and social codes for women are, and what the women’s role in society is. Feminist criticism provides new evaluations and historical, social, and interdisciplinary points of view to every text. It is also thought that women writers look at the world differently and create their works within a predominantly female sensibility. This study presents a comparative analysis of the themes and heroines in the short stories “A Respectable Woman”, by Kate Chopin, and “Tante Rosa Aforoz Ediliyor”, by Sevgi Soysal. Sevgi Soysal and Kate Chopin not only describe the individual feelings of women but also criticize the patriarchal structure of society in their works. By doing a feminist reading, it will be tried to understand the aims of Chopin and Soysal while describing and demolishing the cult of ideal womanhood in their writings. In this article, the woman image will be problematized in the light of feminist literary criticism, and it is examined how this image is shaped in these short stories. It is aimed to show that although the authors and short stories’ protagonists are from different eras, societies, and cultures, the reflections of politics, controlled by patriarchy, have similar characteristics.
{"title":"A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON KATE CHOPIN’S “A RESPECTABLE WOMAN” AND SEVGI SOYSAL’S “TANTE ROSA AFOROZ EDILIYOR”","authors":"Esengül SAĞLAM CAN","doi":"10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30830/tobider.sayi.11.7","url":null,"abstract":"Feminist literary criticism focuses on what women are doing in a fictional work, how they interact with men, what the moral and social codes for women are, and what the women’s role in society is. Feminist criticism provides new evaluations and historical, social, and interdisciplinary points of view to every text. It is also thought that women writers look at the world differently and create their works within a predominantly female sensibility. This study presents a comparative analysis of the themes and heroines in the short stories “A Respectable Woman”, by Kate Chopin, and “Tante Rosa Aforoz Ediliyor”, by Sevgi Soysal. Sevgi Soysal and Kate Chopin not only describe the individual feelings of women but also criticize the patriarchal structure of society in their works. By doing a feminist reading, it will be tried to understand the aims of Chopin and Soysal while describing and demolishing the cult of ideal womanhood in their writings. In this article, the woman image will be problematized in the light of feminist literary criticism, and it is examined how this image is shaped in these short stories. It is aimed to show that although the authors and short stories’ protagonists are from different eras, societies, and cultures, the reflections of politics, controlled by patriarchy, have similar characteristics.","PeriodicalId":246426,"journal":{"name":"TOBIDER - International Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126972616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-29DOI: 10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.14
Mustafa Keski̇n, M. Özkan
Many technologies or products that make our lives easier have been designed or invented by people with extraordinary abilities. The differences in the perspectives of these people on facts, events and objects can enable ordinary people to see aspects that cannot be seen by ordinary people. Today, if electric cars are driven, smart phones and thousands of amazing inventions are used; this is the result of the giftedness and dreams of the people who designed and invented them. In this study, it has been tried to determine the perceptions of gifted children about the technology of the future through metaphors. In this research, which has been designed in the phenomenology (phenomenology) pattern, which is included in the qualitative research paradigm, the data have been obtained by the data collection form applied to the study group. The gifted students studying at the Science and Art Centers (BİLSEM), which constitute the study group of the research, have been asked to answer and if they wish, to express with pictures such questions like "What do you think the technology in 2053 will be like?" and “Why do you think so? In this way, it has been tried to examine the perceptions of the students about the technology of the future in depth by making use of the power of metaphors in understanding and explaining events within the wide dynamic framework created in the mind. The raw data obtained from the research have been analyzed with the inductive content analysis model and the metaphors produced by the participants have been categorized under 7 themes. The identified metaphors and the views of the study group have been included in the findings section with direct quotations, and what they could mean has been commented. On the way to realizing Turkey's 2053 goals; the issues addressed by gifted children who are candidates to become future scientists, engineers, politicians and managers have been revealed. Participants have offered insights and suggestions on technologies such as artificial intelligence, robotics and autonomous systems that can be effective in the future.
{"title":"2053 YILI HEDEFLERİ BAĞLAMINDA GELECEĞİN TEKNOLOJİSİNE YÖNELİK ALGILARIN METAFORLAR ARACILIĞIYLA İNCELENMESİ: ÜSTÜN YETENEKLİ ÇOCUKLAR ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA","authors":"Mustafa Keski̇n, M. Özkan","doi":"10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.14","url":null,"abstract":"Many technologies or products that make our lives easier have been designed or invented by people with extraordinary abilities. The differences in the perspectives of these people on facts, events and objects can enable ordinary people to see aspects that cannot be seen by ordinary people. Today, if electric cars are driven, smart phones and thousands of amazing inventions are used; this is the result of the giftedness and dreams of the people who designed and invented them. In this study, it has been tried to determine the perceptions of gifted children about the technology of the future through metaphors. In this research, which has been designed in the phenomenology (phenomenology) pattern, which is included in the qualitative research paradigm, the data have been obtained by the data collection form applied to the study group. The gifted students studying at the Science and Art Centers (BİLSEM), which constitute the study group of the research, have been asked to answer and if they wish, to express with pictures such questions like \"What do you think the technology in 2053 will be like?\" and “Why do you think so? In this way, it has been tried to examine the perceptions of the students about the technology of the future in depth by making use of the power of metaphors in understanding and explaining events within the wide dynamic framework created in the mind. The raw data obtained from the research have been analyzed with the inductive content analysis model and the metaphors produced by the participants have been categorized under 7 themes. The identified metaphors and the views of the study group have been included in the findings section with direct quotations, and what they could mean has been commented. On the way to realizing Turkey's 2053 goals; the issues addressed by gifted children who are candidates to become future scientists, engineers, politicians and managers have been revealed. Participants have offered insights and suggestions on technologies such as artificial intelligence, robotics and autonomous systems that can be effective in the future.","PeriodicalId":246426,"journal":{"name":"TOBIDER - International Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122678278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-29DOI: 10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.6
Melike Ki̇ri̇len, Gürhan Ki̇ri̇len
As one of the strongest among the T’ieh-le, the Turkic Tongra tribe whose leaders mostly pledged their allegiance to Kok Turks, was also prominent among the Tokuz Oguz with their belligerent nature and military force. With their close neighbours the P’u-ku, renowned for being a very headstrong and almost uncontrollable Turkic tribe who almost always took joint action with them, they became the backbone behind many rebellions and Tongra warriors were especially prominent during the rebellion of the T’ang dynasty general of Turkish descent, An Lu-shan. This study examines the relevant data scattered in Chinese chronicles, analyzing the activities of the Tongra tribe during the Kok Turk, Hsüeh Yen-t’o and Uighur rules.
{"title":"ÇİN KAYNAKLARINDA TONGRA BOYU","authors":"Melike Ki̇ri̇len, Gürhan Ki̇ri̇len","doi":"10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.6","url":null,"abstract":"As one of the strongest among the T’ieh-le, the Turkic Tongra tribe whose leaders mostly pledged their allegiance to Kok Turks, was also prominent among the Tokuz Oguz with their belligerent nature and military force. With their close neighbours the P’u-ku, renowned for being a very headstrong and almost uncontrollable Turkic tribe who almost always took joint action with them, they became the backbone behind many rebellions and Tongra warriors were especially prominent during the rebellion of the T’ang dynasty general of Turkish descent, An Lu-shan. This study examines the relevant data scattered in Chinese chronicles, analyzing the activities of the Tongra tribe during the Kok Turk, Hsüeh Yen-t’o and Uighur rules.","PeriodicalId":246426,"journal":{"name":"TOBIDER - International Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129559749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-29DOI: 10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.5
Mustafa Güleç
Debates over the multicultural society have been going on in the Netherlands for over 40 years now. Public discourse centers generally around multiculturalism and its impact on the Dutch society. The core of these issues is being formed by a general concern and fear in the immigrant hosting autochtonous majority with regard to movement and change in their culture, selfimage, the other and national identity. In the framework of an intercultural literary text, Yemma of Mohammed Benzakour, the son of a Moroccan immigrant parents in the Netherlands, this study will focus on intercultural and intracultural movement, which leads occasionally to intercultural harmony and disagreement; intracultural homogeneous and heterogeneous structure formation. Also the theoretical perspective, which is gained from the field literature (Scheffer; Knecht enz.) will be tested against the personal data, presented by Mohammed Benzakour as a result of his personal experience at a Dutch hospital. It will be demonstrated that the main change focuses on the intercultural conflict (72 %) and on the intracultural heterogeneous structure formation (65 %). These results show clearly that a cross-cultural encounter is a serious challenge for both cultures and a changing movement within a particular culture. In the framework of this book, conflicts pave the way to assimilation of minorities.
{"title":"BEWEGING, ZELFBEELD EN DE ANDER IN EEN INTERCULTURELE LITERAIRE TEKST: YEMMA VAN MOHAMMED BENZAKOUR","authors":"Mustafa Güleç","doi":"10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.5","url":null,"abstract":"Debates over the multicultural society have been going on in the Netherlands for over 40 years now. Public discourse centers generally around multiculturalism and its impact on the Dutch society. The core of these issues is being formed by a general concern and fear in the immigrant hosting autochtonous majority with regard to movement and change in their culture, selfimage, the other and national identity. In the framework of an intercultural literary text, Yemma of Mohammed Benzakour, the son of a Moroccan immigrant parents in the Netherlands, this study will focus on intercultural and intracultural movement, which leads occasionally to intercultural harmony and disagreement; intracultural homogeneous and heterogeneous structure formation. Also the theoretical perspective, which is gained from the field literature (Scheffer; Knecht enz.) will be tested against the personal data, presented by Mohammed Benzakour as a result of his personal experience at a Dutch hospital. It will be demonstrated that the main change focuses on the intercultural conflict (72 %) and on the intracultural heterogeneous structure formation (65 %). These results show clearly that a cross-cultural encounter is a serious challenge for both cultures and a changing movement within a particular culture. In the framework of this book, conflicts pave the way to assimilation of minorities.","PeriodicalId":246426,"journal":{"name":"TOBIDER - International Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"1931 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128727023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-29DOI: 10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.11
Gamze Üçer
Development of linguistics has gone through various stages until it became an independent science. The universal structure of the language, as well as the features that distinguish it from other languages, form the basis of linguistic research. Linguistics researchers have different views and fields of study on this basis. Throughout the history of linguistics, research on language and the methods used by these researches have led to the emergence of different schools. Scientists who were influenced from each others, used the same methods in the language they studied and from time to time they contributed to the expansion of linguistics by adding on these methods and studies. Similar processes exist for linguistic studies in Russia. Russian linguists, who are followers of the studies in the field of linguistics, have been the founders of new movements and schools, while operating on a similar level to the studies of other scientists. In the beginning, dictionary studies and research in the field of dictionary and grammar studies have evolved into evaluation of nature of language, comparison of languages, evaluating historical aspects, social and spiritual aspects of language. The intensity of studies in the field of linguistics in Russia increased gradually in the 19th century and formed the basis for 20th-century linguistic studies. Russian linguists who carried out their studies in the 19th-century both influenced their contemporaries and became a guided 20th-century linguists. In this respect, the aim of the study is to examine the developmental stages of linguistics in Russia based on the history of linguistics and to reveal these stages in general terms. In addition, the studies of Russian linguists and the development of Russian linguistics in the historical process are mentioned.
{"title":"DİLBİLİM TARİHİ BAĞLAMINDA RUS DİLBİLİMİN GELİŞİM SÜRECİ","authors":"Gamze Üçer","doi":"10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.11","url":null,"abstract":"Development of linguistics has gone through various stages until it became an independent science. The universal structure of the language, as well as the features that distinguish it from other languages, form the basis of linguistic research. Linguistics researchers have different views and fields of study on this basis. Throughout the history of linguistics, research on language and the methods used by these researches have led to the emergence of different schools. Scientists who were influenced from each others, used the same methods in the language they studied and from time to time they contributed to the expansion of linguistics by adding on these methods and studies. Similar processes exist for linguistic studies in Russia. Russian linguists, who are followers of the studies in the field of linguistics, have been the founders of new movements and schools, while operating on a similar level to the studies of other scientists. In the beginning, dictionary studies and research in the field of dictionary and grammar studies have evolved into evaluation of nature of language, comparison of languages, evaluating historical aspects, social and spiritual aspects of language. The intensity of studies in the field of linguistics in Russia increased gradually in the 19th century and formed the basis for 20th-century linguistic studies. Russian linguists who carried out their studies in the 19th-century both influenced their contemporaries and became a guided 20th-century linguists. In this respect, the aim of the study is to examine the developmental stages of linguistics in Russia based on the history of linguistics and to reveal these stages in general terms. In addition, the studies of Russian linguists and the development of Russian linguistics in the historical process are mentioned.","PeriodicalId":246426,"journal":{"name":"TOBIDER - International Journal of Social Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131045683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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