Young women’s economic status in Daramalo Woreda is highly influenced by the patriarchal culture of African tradition. There were no sufficient studies made in the study area about women's empowerment. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the determinants of economic empowerment of young women in the study area. To achieve the objective of this study, a total of 354 samples of young women were selected from six Kebeles and interviewed through a well-organized structured questionnaire. Primary and secondary data sources were used for this study. A cross-sectional survey design was also employed to achieve the study objective. The researcher employed both qualitative and quantitative research approaches. Qualitative datawere collected through Focus group discussion (FGD) and key informants’ interviews (KII) and analyzed descriptively to strengthen quantitative data. Descriptive statistics were used for analyzing the collected data. The overall five domains-based empowerment assessment results showed that 25% of the young women in the study area were empowered. Parameters such as production decision (26.29%) autonomy in production (23.39%), ownership of assets (38.38%), purchase, sale, and transfer of assets (18.97%), speaking in public (26.02%) control over the use of income (22.28%) and workload (30.08%) are many contributing indicators. The improvement of the contribution of each indicator to young women's disempowerment according to theirimportance shall reduce disempowerment and facilitate adequate empowerment in all dimensions. Hence, based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that policymakers are expected to create enabling environment for young women. Since the contribution of women in reducing poverty and hunger is more important, the concerned bodies of the woreda should promote empowering young women's status for deciding on all economic and income-generating activities. It is better to ensure young women access to education, loan provision services, training on decision-making, and good governance access. Moreover, non-farm income and economic empowerment are significant in the current study. Accordingly, the Daramalo Woreda should expand more consistent and regular non-farm/off-farm activities, training the young women of the area about job creation with the respective support and increasing income from that activity. Keywords: Young Women, Economic Empowerment, Daramalo Woreda, Southern region
{"title":"Determinants of Young Women Economic Empowerment: The Case of Daramalo Woreda of Gamo Zone Southren Ethiopia","authors":"Melesse Asado, M. Menza","doi":"10.59122/1341f5f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/1341f5f","url":null,"abstract":"Young women’s economic status in Daramalo Woreda is highly influenced by the patriarchal culture of African tradition. There were no sufficient studies made in the study area about women's empowerment. Thus, the objective of this study is to analyze the determinants of economic empowerment of young women in the study area. To achieve the objective of this study, a total of 354 samples of young women were selected from six Kebeles and interviewed through a well-organized structured questionnaire. Primary and secondary data sources were used for this study. A cross-sectional survey design was also employed to achieve the study objective. The researcher employed both qualitative and quantitative research approaches. Qualitative datawere collected through Focus group discussion (FGD) and key informants’ interviews (KII) and analyzed descriptively to strengthen quantitative data. Descriptive statistics were used for analyzing the collected data. The overall five domains-based empowerment assessment results showed that 25% of the young women in the study area were empowered. Parameters such as production decision (26.29%) autonomy in production (23.39%), ownership of assets (38.38%), purchase, sale, and transfer of assets (18.97%), speaking in public (26.02%) control over the use of income (22.28%) and workload (30.08%) are many contributing indicators. The improvement of the contribution of each indicator to young women's disempowerment according to theirimportance shall reduce disempowerment and facilitate adequate empowerment in all dimensions. Hence, based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that policymakers are expected to create enabling environment for young women. Since the contribution of women in reducing poverty and hunger is more important, the concerned bodies of the woreda should promote empowering young women's status for deciding on all economic and income-generating activities. It is better to ensure young women access to education, loan provision services, training on decision-making, and good governance access. Moreover, non-farm income and economic empowerment are significant in the current study. Accordingly, the Daramalo Woreda should expand more consistent and regular non-farm/off-farm activities, training the young women of the area about job creation with the respective support and increasing income from that activity. \u0000Keywords: Young Women, Economic Empowerment, Daramalo Woreda, Southern region","PeriodicalId":247662,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Business and Social Science","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121292114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The great variation in physical landscape of the Ethiopian highlands gives rise to the formation of different relief features, which are inurn causes for variations in agro-climatic and soil parent materials of the country. The aim of the research was to characterize the physio-chemical properties of soils in Kulfo Watershed, Southwest Ethiopia. In the study both primary and secondary data were used. The primary data was generated from Kebele transect walks, composite soil sample and Soil GPS points of varying land use/ cover types, while secondary data was obtained from satellite imaginaries, National Metrological agency and Central Statistical Agency etc. 36 composite surface soil samples (0-30cm depth) were collected from varying land use/ cover types of three agro-ecologies of the watershed namely, upland, mid and lowlands. Collected soil data Were analyzed in soil laboratory of Arba Minch University. The study result revealed that Kulfo watershed was characterized into four traditional agro ecologies, namely lowland (20.9%), midland (35.9 %), highland (37.4%) and cold high mountain areas (5.8%). The soil analysis results showed that dominantly soils of the watershed are characterized as texturally clay loam to sandy loam and they have no significant textural class difference among soils in all agro-ecologies. The soil reaction varies from moderately acidic (with pH 5.4) to neutral (pH 7.3) status.Grid based climate analysis showed that precipitation and temperature pattern showed gradual decrease from northern to the southern parts of the watershed.Furthermore, the analysis showed that soil chemical properties in the watershed are dominated by medium organic matter, low total nitrogen, very low available phosphorus (3.83-6.65ppm), high potassium and very low to low CEC content. Therefore, in order to rehabilitate theproductivity of soil-chemical properties the application of Soil and Water Conservation measures in the upland, use of organic manure in the low lying areas could be the viable options for promising crop yield in the area Keywords: GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques, physio-chemical properties, transect walk, Agro ecology, Kulfo Watershed.
{"title":"AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL IN KULFO WATERSHED, SOUTH WESTERN ETHIOPIA","authors":"Teshome Yirgu, Yitayal Yihunie","doi":"10.59122/1359e70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/1359e70","url":null,"abstract":"The great variation in physical landscape of the Ethiopian highlands gives rise to the formation of different relief features, which are inurn causes for variations in agro-climatic and soil parent materials of the country. The aim of the research was to characterize the physio-chemical properties of soils in Kulfo Watershed, Southwest Ethiopia. In the study both primary and secondary data were used. The primary data was generated from Kebele transect walks, composite soil sample and Soil GPS points of varying land use/ cover types, while secondary data was obtained from satellite imaginaries, National Metrological agency and Central Statistical Agency etc. 36 composite surface soil samples (0-30cm depth) were collected from varying land use/ cover types of three agro-ecologies of the watershed namely, upland, mid and lowlands. Collected soil data Were analyzed in soil laboratory of Arba Minch University. The study result revealed that Kulfo watershed was characterized into four traditional agro ecologies, namely lowland (20.9%), midland (35.9 %), highland (37.4%) and cold high mountain areas (5.8%). The soil analysis results showed that dominantly soils of the watershed are characterized as texturally clay loam to sandy loam and they have no significant textural class difference among soils in all agro-ecologies. The soil reaction varies from moderately acidic (with pH 5.4) to neutral (pH 7.3) status.Grid based climate analysis showed that precipitation and temperature pattern showed gradual decrease from northern to the southern parts of the watershed.Furthermore, the analysis showed that soil chemical properties in the watershed are dominated by medium organic matter, low total nitrogen, very low available phosphorus (3.83-6.65ppm), high potassium and very low to low CEC content. Therefore, in order to rehabilitate theproductivity of soil-chemical properties the application of Soil and Water Conservation measures in the upland, use of organic manure in the low lying areas could be the viable options for promising crop yield in the area Keywords: GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques, physio-chemical properties, transect walk, Agro ecology, Kulfo Watershed.","PeriodicalId":247662,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Business and Social Science","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126923248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apart from farming, engaging on non-farm and/or off-farm income activities and diversifying income earning means lie at the heart of livelihood strategies to improve the level of food security and poverty status of pastoralist and agro-pastoral households in southern Ethiopia. This study analyses the determinants of the level of income diversification and livelihood strategies of pastoral and agro-pastoral households in Malle District of South Omo zone, southern Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling technique involving stratification and random sampling techniques were used to select 196 representative household heads. Descriptive statistics, Simpson Index of diversity, Multivariate Probit and Two-limit Tobit models were employed. The results of the study show that farmers participated in farming, non-farm income, petty trade and off-farm income livelihood strategies. The factors influencing livelihood strategies are age, sex, family size, educational level, farm size, main market distance, size of livestock holding, cooperative membership, use of credit, and transport access. Moreover, the factors influencing the level of income diversification are sex, family size, educational level, livestock holding size, crop failure, distance of nearest main market, income from farm, and share of non & off farm income. Based on the finding, the government should emphasize on strengthening agricultural production system with due attention parallelly given to strengthening all non-farm and off-farm income earning activities by expanding the provision of rural finance, gender mainstreaming program, formal education, farmer cooperative formation, livestock production system, and rural road construction among pastoralists and agro-pastoralists of the study area. Keywords: Livelihood Strategies, Income Diversification, Multivariate Probit and Twolimit Tobit models and Southern Ethiopia.
{"title":"DETERMINANTS OF RURAL LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES AND INCOME DIVERSIFICATION AMONG PASTORAL AND AGROPASTORAL HOUSEHOLDS IN SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA","authors":"Algaga Balense, Sisay Debebe","doi":"10.59122/13577b1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/13577b1","url":null,"abstract":"Apart from farming, engaging on non-farm and/or off-farm income activities and diversifying income earning means lie at the heart of livelihood strategies to improve the level of food security and poverty status of pastoralist and agro-pastoral households in southern Ethiopia. This study analyses the determinants of the level of income diversification and livelihood strategies of pastoral and agro-pastoral households in Malle District of South Omo zone, southern Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling technique involving stratification and random sampling techniques were used to select 196 representative household heads. Descriptive statistics, Simpson Index of diversity, Multivariate Probit and Two-limit Tobit models were employed. The results of the study show that farmers participated in farming, non-farm income, petty trade and off-farm income livelihood strategies. The factors influencing livelihood strategies are age, sex, family size, educational level, farm size, main market distance, size of livestock holding, cooperative membership, use of credit, and transport access. Moreover, the factors influencing the level of income diversification are sex, family size, educational level, livestock holding size, crop failure, distance of nearest main market, income from farm, and share of non & off farm income. Based on the finding, the government should emphasize on strengthening agricultural production system with due attention parallelly given to strengthening all non-farm and off-farm income earning activities by expanding the provision of rural finance, gender mainstreaming program, formal education, farmer cooperative formation, livestock production system, and rural road construction among pastoralists and agro-pastoralists of the study area. \u0000Keywords: Livelihood Strategies, Income Diversification, Multivariate Probit and Twolimit Tobit models and Southern Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":247662,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Business and Social Science","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123109796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Though few thematic and narratological studies were done on Ethiopian Diaspora novels, detailed reading of the novels on disillusionment is unavailable. But disillusionment is probably a concept that well describes the diaspora situation. This study is a comparative thematic analysis of disillusionment in the African diaspora characters represented in ‘The Texture of Dreams’ and ‘The Beautiful Things That Heaven Bears’. The results showed all the African migrant characters in the novels experienced disillusionment. Their disillusionment resulted from unemployment, underemployment, fear of unemployment, unachieved higher education goals, lack of appreciation, and powerlessness. Due to these, the immigrant characters fail to realize their dreams of a happy and satisfied lives and live in frustration and apathy. And the novel ‘The Beautiful Things That Heaven Bears’ shows the causes and stages of disillusionment more elaborately. Except for one character whose disillusionment seems eased by joining the academia and starting romance, the rest nurse their wounds of disillusionment drinking alcohol and releasing their stifled griefs upon each other. No character reverses disillusionment. Thus, disillusionment seems central and inescapable in the lives of the alienated and culturally dislocated African diaspora. Doubly othered both as immigrants and blacks, they seem to have been left to wallow in frustration and apathy never finding a cure and nursing themselves with whatever provides temporary painkiller relief Keywords: Disillusionment; African/Ethiopian Diaspora; Novel; Alienation; Cultural dislocation; the American Drea
{"title":"DISILLUSIONMENT AS CENTRAL IN THE LIVES OF THE AFRICAN DIASPORA: THE CASE OF TWO ETHIOPIAN DIASPORA NOVELS","authors":"Endalkachew Hailu","doi":"10.59122/135be63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/135be63","url":null,"abstract":"Though few thematic and narratological studies were done on Ethiopian Diaspora novels, detailed reading of the novels on disillusionment is unavailable. But disillusionment is probably a concept that well describes the diaspora situation. This study is a comparative thematic analysis of disillusionment in the African diaspora characters represented in ‘The Texture of Dreams’ and ‘The Beautiful Things That Heaven Bears’. The results showed all the African migrant characters in the novels experienced disillusionment. Their disillusionment resulted from unemployment, underemployment, fear of unemployment, unachieved higher education goals, lack of appreciation, and powerlessness. Due to these, the immigrant characters fail to realize their dreams of a happy and satisfied lives and live in frustration and apathy. And the novel ‘The Beautiful Things That Heaven Bears’ shows the causes and stages of disillusionment more elaborately. Except for one character whose disillusionment seems eased by joining the academia and starting romance, the rest nurse their wounds of disillusionment drinking alcohol and releasing their stifled griefs upon each other. No character reverses disillusionment. Thus, disillusionment seems central and inescapable in the lives of the alienated and culturally dislocated African diaspora. Doubly othered both as immigrants and blacks, they seem to have been left to wallow in frustration and apathy never finding a cure and nursing themselves with whatever provides temporary painkiller relief Keywords: Disillusionment; African/Ethiopian Diaspora; Novel; Alienation; Cultural dislocation; the American Drea","PeriodicalId":247662,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Business and Social Science","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114638548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was carried out on the factors influencing customers’ brand loyalty. The study was aimed at evaluating customers’ brand loyalty status and identifying its determinants. To realize this objective explanatory research design was used with the support of descriptive and multiple regression analytical techniques. From the customers of the bank, 290 were selected using purposive sampling technique. Questionnaires were administered to collect the primary data. Findings of the study indicate that loyalty status of the customers is fragmented in to hard-core loyalty, split loyalty, shift loyalty and switching loyalty statuses with more inclination on the first and second category of loyalty statuses. It also reflects that distribution, promotion, reputation, satisfaction, and tangible benefits are the predictors of customers’ brand loyalty. Bank management should stick on these determinants of loyalty with the emphasis on the most significant predictors, i.e., distribution and promotion. Keywords: Customers’brand loyalty, bank, determinants of loyalty, distribution, promotion
{"title":"FACTORS INFLUENCING CUSTOMERS’ BRAND LOYALTY IN ETHIOPIA’S BANKING INDUSTRY","authors":"Alemayehu Hadera, Yonas Birhanu","doi":"10.59122/13462aa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/13462aa","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out on the factors influencing customers’ brand loyalty. The study was aimed at evaluating customers’ brand loyalty status and identifying its determinants. To realize this objective explanatory research design was used with the support of descriptive and multiple regression analytical techniques. From the customers of the bank, 290 were selected using purposive sampling technique. Questionnaires were administered to collect the primary data. Findings of the study indicate that loyalty status of the customers is fragmented in to hard-core loyalty, split loyalty, shift loyalty and switching loyalty statuses with more inclination on the first and second category of loyalty statuses. It also reflects that distribution, promotion, reputation, satisfaction, and tangible benefits are the predictors of customers’ brand loyalty. Bank management should stick on these determinants of loyalty with the emphasis on the most significant predictors, i.e., distribution and promotion. Keywords: Customers’brand loyalty, bank, determinants of loyalty, distribution, promotion","PeriodicalId":247662,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Business and Social Science","volume":"8 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114128893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study assesses purchase affordability and constraints in accessing condominium housing for public service employees. The analysis is based on two categories i.e. academic and non-academic employees in relation to government sponsored condominium housing market. The types of data employed are secondary, transfer cost of condominium units by type and salary scale of public service employees. To determine the purchase affordability, capacity of public service employees’ maximum allowable loan to income or affordable limit (AL) and median income are employed. The analysis based on affordable limit computed in five different payment modalities disclosed purchase affordability is positively affected by reduced interest rate and extended duration of mortgage payment. As a result of this the academic employees are found better than the non-academic employees in purchase affordability. The median income analysis revealed the great majority of the non-academic employees earn below the median income and do not afford to purchase even the cheapest type unit. This signifies the degree of influence of income/salary in determining purchase affordability. Next to income higher interest rate and shorter duration of payment are found to be constraints of purchase affordability for both groups i.e. academic and non-academic employees. To mitigate the challenges of purchase affordability, preferential treatment (reduced interest rate and extended duration of mortgage payment) and alternative delivery strategies such as public provision of serviced land and facilitating access to housing finance are appropriate measures to be considered. Keywords: Purchase Affordability, Public Service, Affordable Limit, Condominium
{"title":"CONDOMINIUM HOUSING AFFORDABILITY: THE CASE OF PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES IN ADDIS ABABA","authors":"Tesfaye Teshome","doi":"10.59122/1344962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/1344962","url":null,"abstract":"The study assesses purchase affordability and constraints in accessing condominium housing for public service employees. The analysis is based on two categories i.e. academic and non-academic employees in relation to government sponsored condominium housing market. The types of data employed are secondary, transfer cost of condominium units by type and salary scale of public service employees. To determine the purchase affordability, capacity of public service employees’ maximum allowable loan to income or affordable limit (AL) and median income are employed. The analysis based on affordable limit computed in five different payment modalities disclosed purchase affordability is positively affected by reduced interest rate and extended duration of mortgage payment. As a result of this the academic employees are found better than the non-academic employees in purchase affordability. The median income analysis revealed the great majority of the non-academic employees earn below the median income and do not afford to purchase even the cheapest type unit. This signifies the degree of influence of income/salary in determining purchase affordability. Next to income higher interest rate and shorter duration of payment are found to be constraints of purchase affordability for both groups i.e. academic and non-academic employees. To mitigate the challenges of purchase affordability, preferential treatment (reduced interest rate and extended duration of mortgage payment) and alternative delivery strategies such as public provision of serviced land and facilitating access to housing finance are appropriate measures to be considered. Keywords: Purchase Affordability, Public Service, Affordable Limit, Condominium","PeriodicalId":247662,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Business and Social Science","volume":"81 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116343668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study evaluated the impact of Productive safety net Program on household poverty reduction in Kuyu Woreda North Shewa zone of Oromia regional state in Ethiopia using cross-sectional survey data collected from 260 households selected through a multi stage sampling procedure. The survey respondents were drawn from both program and non-program areas of Kuyu District. The major research question of the study is ‘what would have been the annual income of household per AE had the program not been implemented?’ Applying a propensity score matching technique, the study found that the program has increased participating households’ annual income per AE by 1,164 birr compared to that of nonparticipating households. The result from the multiple regression analysis revealed that education status, family size, dependency ratio, land size, and distance from development agency had significant effect on the household annual income per AE. The study concluded that controlling for all other factors, the productive safety net tends to result in reduced income benefit for the households that have more number of family size, high depedency ratio, and high distance from development agent office while it results in increased income for households that have more land size and educational status. Most of the program participants were maleheaded households. Hence, the program should include more female-headed households or at least in the same proportion as that of the male-headed households. Keywords: Impact, Safety Net Program, Poverty Reduction, Propensity Score Matching, And Ethiopia
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF PRODUCTIVE SAFETY NET PROGRAM (PSNP) ON HOUSE-HOLD POVERTY REDUCTION : THE CASE OF KUYU WOREDA, NORTH SHEWA ZONE OF OROMIA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA","authors":"Biratu Getu, Getamesay Bekele","doi":"10.59122/13579c2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/13579c2","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the impact of Productive safety net Program on household poverty reduction in Kuyu Woreda North Shewa zone of Oromia regional state in Ethiopia using cross-sectional survey data collected from 260 households selected through a multi stage sampling procedure. The survey respondents were drawn from both program and non-program areas of Kuyu District. The major research question of the study is ‘what would have been the annual income of household per AE had the program not been implemented?’ Applying a propensity score matching technique, the study found that the program has increased participating households’ annual income per AE by 1,164 birr compared to that of nonparticipating households. The result from the multiple regression analysis revealed that education status, family size, dependency ratio, land size, and distance from development agency had significant effect on the household annual income per AE. The study concluded that controlling for all other factors, the productive safety net tends to result in reduced income benefit for the households that have more number of family size, high depedency ratio, and high distance from development agent office while it results in increased income for households that have more land size and educational status. Most of the program participants were maleheaded households. Hence, the program should include more female-headed households or at least in the same proportion as that of the male-headed households. Keywords: Impact, Safety Net Program, Poverty Reduction, Propensity Score Matching, And Ethiopia","PeriodicalId":247662,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Business and Social Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123422721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Even if scholars realize the emergence of cell phones opening up a range of opportunities for ‘learning on the move’, there are not many studies on how they can be used and how students and trainee teachers view them as tools for English Language Teaching and Learning in EFL context. This case study, therefore, aims to explore students’ post-intervention views to mobile assisted lessons, examine trainee teachers’ reaction to the experience of teaching with cell phones and identify issues with learning and teaching reading and listening with Cell phones. To achieve these objectives, twelve trainee teachers’ short-time attachment reports to five secondary schools, one teacher training college and one university on applying cell phones for teaching listening and reading skills as part of the tasks for their Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) course during 2015 to 2017 academic years were analyzed. The reports indicated that students viewed cell phones as useful tools for learning reading and listening, but it was also reported that they were concerned with their skills of using cell phones for learning. Similarly, the self-report showed that the trainee teachers themselves viewed the cell phones as helpful tools for teaching reading and listening despite some technical difficulties they faced. Finally, it was recommended that such working cases need to be expanded to other Ethiopian educational contexts and be embraced by as many schools as possible. Keywords: Cell phone; CALL, Reading, Listening, MALL
{"title":"MOBILE TECHNOLOGY FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS: STUDENTS’ AND TRAINEE TEACHERS’ REFLECTIVE VIEWS OF CELL PHONES FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING","authors":"Tesfaye Habtemariam","doi":"10.59122/133fe49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/133fe49","url":null,"abstract":"Even if scholars realize the emergence of cell phones opening up a range of opportunities for ‘learning on the move’, there are not many studies on how they can be used and how students and trainee teachers view them as tools for English Language Teaching and Learning in EFL context. This case study, therefore, aims to explore students’ post-intervention views to mobile assisted lessons, examine trainee teachers’ reaction to the experience of teaching with cell phones and identify issues with learning and teaching reading and listening with Cell phones. To achieve these objectives, twelve trainee teachers’ short-time attachment reports to five secondary schools, one teacher training college and one university on applying cell phones for teaching listening and reading skills as part of the tasks for their Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) course during 2015 to 2017 academic years were analyzed. The reports indicated that students viewed cell phones as useful tools for learning reading and listening, but it was also reported that they were concerned with their skills of using cell phones for learning. Similarly, the self-report showed that the trainee teachers themselves viewed the cell phones as helpful tools for teaching reading and listening despite some technical difficulties they faced. Finally, it was recommended that such working cases need to be expanded to other Ethiopian educational contexts and be embraced by as many schools as possible. \u0000Keywords: Cell phone; CALL, Reading, Listening, MALL ","PeriodicalId":247662,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Business and Social Science","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121681858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective of this study was to identify the perceptions of proficient English language users (PELU) and learners with limited English language proficiency (LELP) about the benefits of proficiency in English and the priorities they give to the benefits. The distinction between proficient English language users (PELU) and learners with limited English language proficiency (LELP) was made based on the scores obtained by first-year students for English in the university entrance examination and the results of English proficiency tests administered in the first semester to first-year students studying in the College of Social Sciences and Humanities at Arba Minch University. A qualitative approach was used and data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews with ten PELU and ten LELP learners who were purposively selected from top and low scorers respectively. The qualitative data were transcribed verbatim and coded and grouped into one theme and six sub-themes. Findings in the study show that PELU and LELP students reported six benefits of proficiency in English related to education, job opportunities, communication with the international community, knowledge of other cultures, entertainment, and accessing information. As far as priorities given about the benefits of proficiency in English was concerned, the study revealed that PELU learners tend to regard the job opportunities associated with a good command of English as an important benefit, while students with limited English language proficiency tend to regard the understanding of study material and passing of examinations as chief benefits associated with English proficiency. Keywords: English as a foreign language; Proficient English language users (PELU); Good learners, Limited English language proficiency (LELP); Poor learners.
{"title":"PERCEPTIONS OF PROFICIENT ENGLISH LANGUAGE USERS AND LEARNERS WITH LIMITED ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY ABOUT THE BENEFITS OF PROFICIENCY IN ENGLISH","authors":"Tesfaye Alemu","doi":"10.59122/135757a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/135757a","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study was to identify the perceptions of proficient English language users (PELU) and learners with limited English language proficiency (LELP) about the benefits of proficiency in English and the priorities they give to the benefits. The distinction between proficient English language users (PELU) and learners with limited English language proficiency (LELP) was made based on the scores obtained by first-year students for English in the university entrance examination and the results of English proficiency tests administered in the first semester to first-year students studying in the College of Social Sciences and Humanities at Arba Minch University. A qualitative approach was used and data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews with ten PELU and ten LELP learners who were purposively selected from top and low scorers respectively. The qualitative data were transcribed verbatim and coded and grouped into one theme and six sub-themes. Findings in the study show that PELU and LELP students reported six benefits of proficiency in English related to education, job opportunities, communication with the international community, knowledge of other cultures, entertainment, and accessing information. As far as priorities given about the benefits of proficiency in English was concerned, the study revealed that PELU learners tend to regard the job opportunities associated with a good command of English as an important benefit, while students with limited English language proficiency tend to regard the understanding of study material and passing of examinations as chief benefits associated with English proficiency. Keywords: English as a foreign language; Proficient English language users (PELU); Good learners, Limited English language proficiency (LELP); Poor learners.","PeriodicalId":247662,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Business and Social Science","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133783093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed at investigating major challenges of students’ interpersonal communications and its impact on students’ academic performance at higher education institutions focusing on Arba Minch and Hawassa Universities. It identified major challenges of students’ interpersonal relationships, its impact over students’ academic life and ways of managing disputes among students at higher education institutions. Data were collected using questionnaire and in-depth interview from the target groups selected by random sampling method. The analyzed data illustrated that students understood and valued interpersonal communication in their life. Ethno-centrism, language, culture and religious differences were identified as serious challenges for students’ interpersonal relationships. Moreover, students’ attitude about university life and family’s orientation were also causes of tensions among students. Students’ interpersonal relationships also had impact over their academic life at university. In order to alleviate the challenges, orienting students about the unique and diversified university life was indispensable. Furthermore, creating and widening opportunities for students to share their cultures and experiences was also essential. In addition, promoting multilingualism also assists students’ interaction. Keywords: Interpersonal Communication, higher education, students, interpersonal relationship, academic performance, challenges, attitude
{"title":"STUDENTS’ INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION AT HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: ARBA MINCH AND HAWASSA UNIVERSITIES IN FOCUS","authors":"Tesfaye Alemayehu, Anteneh Tsegaye","doi":"10.59122/134d9e8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59122/134d9e8","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at investigating major challenges of students’ interpersonal communications and its impact on students’ academic performance at higher education institutions focusing on Arba Minch and Hawassa Universities. It identified major challenges of students’ interpersonal relationships, its impact over students’ academic life and ways of managing disputes among students at higher education institutions. Data were collected using questionnaire and in-depth interview from the target groups selected by random sampling method. The analyzed data illustrated that students understood and valued interpersonal communication in their life. Ethno-centrism, language, culture and religious differences were identified as serious challenges for students’ interpersonal relationships. Moreover, students’ attitude about university life and family’s orientation were also causes of tensions among students. Students’ interpersonal relationships also had impact over their academic life at university. In order to alleviate the challenges, orienting students about the unique and diversified university life was indispensable. Furthermore, creating and widening opportunities for students to share their cultures and experiences was also essential. In addition, promoting multilingualism also assists students’ interaction. Keywords: Interpersonal Communication, higher education, students, interpersonal relationship, academic performance, challenges, attitude","PeriodicalId":247662,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Journal of Business and Social Science","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132196425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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