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2021 3rd Novel Intelligent and Leading Emerging Sciences Conference (NILES)最新文献

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Securing Sensitive Data Through Corner Filters, Chaotic Maps and LSB Embedding 通过角点滤波器、混沌映射和LSB嵌入保护敏感数据
Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/NILES53778.2021.9600536
Wassim Alexan, Eyad Mamdouh, Abdelrahman Elkhateeb, Fahd Al-Seba'ey, Ziad Amr, Hana Khalil
This paper proposes 2 multiple layer message security schemes. Information security is carried out through the implementation of cryptography, steganography and image processing techniques. In both schemes, the sensitive data is first encrypted by employing a chaotic function. In the first proposed scheme, LSB steganography is then applied to 2D slices of a 3D image. In the second proposed scheme, a corner detection filter is first applied to the 2D slices of a 3D image, then LSB embedding is carried out in those corner-detected pixels. The number of neighboring pixels used for corner detection is varied and its effect is noted. Performance of the proposed schemes is numerically evaluated using a number of metrics, including the mean squared error (MSE), the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), the structure similarity index measure (SSIM), the normalized cross-correlation (NCC), the image fidelity (IF), as well as the image difference (ID). The proposed schemes exhibit superior payload capacity and security in comparison to their counterparts from the literature.
本文提出了两种多层消息安全方案。信息安全是通过密码学、隐写术和图像处理技术来实现的。在这两种方案中,首先采用混沌函数对敏感数据进行加密。在第一种方案中,LSB隐写术随后应用于3D图像的2D切片。在第二种方案中,首先对三维图像的二维切片应用角点检测滤波器,然后在这些角点检测到的像素上进行LSB嵌入。用于角点检测的相邻像素的数量是不同的,并注意到其效果。采用均方误差(MSE)、峰值信噪比(PSNR)、结构相似指数(SSIM)、归一化互相关(NCC)、图像保真度(IF)和图像差(ID)等指标对所提出方案的性能进行了数值评价。与文献中的对应方案相比,所提出的方案表现出优越的有效载荷能力和安全性。
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引用次数: 2
Design and Analysis of a Dynamic Neck Brace 动态颈托的设计与分析
Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/NILES53778.2021.9600507
M. Ibrahem, M. El-Mohandes, M. El-Wakad, Sherif A. Sami
Neck braces and cervical traction are two techniques that are used to relief neck pain. Static braces are used to stabilize the neck but may become uncomfortable to wear for extended periods of time. Cervical traction is used to decrease intradiscal pressure and thus relief nerve pain. Unfortunately, both techniques cannot be applied simultaneously, and must be applied separately, which affect the efficiency of intended results with prolonged duration. The aim of this paper is to design a parallel manipulator dynamic neck brace that controls the posture of head and neck and can be used for cervical traction that allows application of flexible treatment protocols tailored to each patient according to his condition. Forward and inverse kinematics were applied using Matlab to obtain the workspace of the system and the design was validated using Solidworks. The results of the Matlab and Solidworks were identical and showed that the moving platform can apply Flexion/Extension from -8° to 8° and lateral bending from -7° to 7° with axial translation from 0 to 20 mm.
颈托和颈椎牵引是缓解颈部疼痛的两种技术。静态支架用于稳定颈部,但长时间佩戴可能会感到不舒服。颈椎牵引可降低椎间盘内压力,从而缓解神经痛。不幸的是,这两种技术不能同时应用,必须分开应用,这会影响预期结果的效率,持续时间长。本文的目的是设计一个并联机械臂动态颈支,控制头部和颈部的姿势,并可用于颈椎牵引,允许根据每个患者的病情定制灵活的治疗方案。利用Matlab进行正运动学和逆运动学分析,得到了系统的工作空间,并利用Solidworks对设计进行了验证。Matlab和Solidworks仿真结果一致,表明该移动平台可以实现-8°~ 8°的伸缩和-7°~ 7°的侧向弯曲,轴向平移范围为0 ~ 20 mm。
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引用次数: 3
Driver-in-the-Loop for computer-vision based ADAS testing 基于计算机视觉的ADAS测试的驾驶员在环
Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/NILES53778.2021.9600491
Nada S. Kassem, A. Masoud, A. M. Aly
Driver safety is a main concern nowadays. Hence, a real need for systems like Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) has arisen. With this need to such systems, many challenges come up. These challenges are including the time consumption of testing of these systems as It needs to be tested in different weather conditions. Besides, the difficulty of covering all the possible scenarios while testing these systems and the carbon dioxide emission from cars in the process of testing the system. Hence, the purpose of the proposed paper is to implement a simulation-based driver in the loop simulation-based system for indoor testing of computer vision based ADAS. A simplified tricycle kinematics model is implemented for this purpose by using Matlab/Simulink. A vehicle virtual environment is implemented in unreal engine environment by MATLAB platform. The interaction of the driver with the virtual car in this virtual environment is made by a simplified hardware for the car. A feedback is taken from the driver through sensors connected to an Arduino microcontroller. Arduino microcontroller interpret the driver feedbacks and feed it as an inputs to the vehicle model to move the car in the virtual environment. The proposed system is tested for computer vision lane detection, departure, and change algorithms. These algorithms relay mainly on Hough transform. The proposed system is tested in real time and the results obtained is very similar to the results obtained from testing a computer vision based ADAS on a real street.
驾驶员安全是当今人们关心的主要问题。因此,对高级驾驶辅助系统(ADAS)等系统的真正需求已经出现。随着对此类系统的需求,出现了许多挑战。这些挑战包括测试这些系统的时间消耗,因为它需要在不同的天气条件下进行测试。此外,在测试这些系统时,覆盖所有可能场景的难度以及测试系统过程中汽车的二氧化碳排放量。因此,本文的目的是在基于环路仿真的系统中实现基于仿真的驱动程序,用于基于计算机视觉的ADAS的室内测试。利用Matlab/Simulink实现了简化的三轮车运动学模型。在虚幻引擎环境下,利用MATLAB平台实现了汽车虚拟环境。在这个虚拟环境中,驾驶员与虚拟汽车的交互是通过一个简化的汽车硬件实现的。通过连接到Arduino微控制器的传感器从驱动程序获取反馈。Arduino微控制器解读驾驶员反馈,并将其作为车辆模型的输入,在虚拟环境中移动汽车。该系统经过了计算机视觉车道检测、偏离和改变算法的测试。这些算法主要依靠霍夫变换。该系统进行了实时测试,测试结果与基于计算机视觉的ADAS在真实街道上的测试结果非常相似。
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引用次数: 3
Guava Trees Disease Monitoring Using the Integration of Machine Learning and Predictive Analytics 结合机器学习和预测分析的番石榴树病害监测
Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/NILES53778.2021.9600529
M. Elsayed, N. Hassan, Marina Maher, Nouran Waleed, Rehab Reda, Haitham Sharaf Eldin, H. Mostafa
The increase in population, food demand, and the pollution levels of the environment are considered major problems of this era. For these reasons, the traditional ways of farming are no longer suitable for early and accurate detection of biotic stress. Recently, precision agriculture has been extensively used as a potential solution for the aforementioned problems using high resolution optical sensors and data analysis methods that are able to cope with the resolution, size and complexity of the signals from these sensors. In this paper, several methods of machine learning have been utilized in order to study pests, their types, population, and agricultural conditions in terms of soil and climate for some crops such as potatoes, guava, and cotton, which are among the main Egyptian crops. In the process of obtaining a suitable estimate of insects population affecting each of the aforementioned crops, a hardware model control, based on the results provided by the predictive analysis, an estimate of the electromagnetic force is applied to the cultivated areas to get rid of the pests as well as giving a background to farmers about the possibility of infecting a crop such as Potato with Late Blight, according to climatic conditions.
人口、食物需求和环境污染水平的增加被认为是这个时代的主要问题。由于这些原因,传统的耕作方式不再适合早期和准确地检测生物压力。最近,精准农业已被广泛用于解决上述问题,使用高分辨率光学传感器和能够处理这些传感器信号的分辨率、大小和复杂性的数据分析方法。在本文中,利用几种机器学习方法来研究害虫,它们的类型,种群,以及一些作物的土壤和气候方面的农业条件,如土豆,番石榴和棉花,这些都是埃及的主要作物。在获得影响上述每种作物的昆虫种群的适当估计的过程中,一个硬件模型控制,根据预测分析提供的结果,对耕地施加电磁力的估计,以消除害虫,并根据气候条件向农民提供有关马铃薯等作物感染晚疫病的可能性的背景。
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引用次数: 2
Optimal Power Consumption on Distributed Edge Services Under Non-Uniform Traffic with Dual Threshold Sleep/Active Control 双阈值休眠/主动控制下非均匀流量下分布式边缘服务的最优功耗
Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/NILES53778.2021.9600496
Amira A. Amer, I. Talkhan, T. Ismail
Mobile edge computing (MEC) is a key enabling technology for supporting high-speed and low latency services in the fifth generation (5G) and beyond networks. MEC paradigm moves computational resources from centralized cloud servers towards the edge of the network, nearer to the users. However, edge computation resources increase the power consumption of the network. Moreover, the non-uniform traffic load on the edge servers causes resources to be underutilized and decrease the system's power efficiency. To achieve the green networking concept encouraged in 5G and beyond networks, unused MEC resources should be switched to sleep mode to reduce the power consumption. The policy controlling sleep/active switching needs should optimize the power consumption and maintain an acceptable quality of service. The control policy should also eliminate frequent mode switches that cause system instability and degrade the system performance. This paper introduces a dual-threshold switching control to reduce power consumption and provide system stability. We also propose using the gaining and sharing knowledge (GSK) optimization algorithm for resource optimization and determining the optimum thresholds to be used by the system. Results showed that dual-threshold switching successfully reduced the power consumed in a single time slot by more than 10% per MEC server. Also, dual-threshold control displayed more stability compared to the single threshold control.
移动边缘计算(MEC)是支持第五代(5G)及以后网络中高速和低延迟服务的关键使能技术。MEC范式将计算资源从集中式云服务器转移到网络边缘,更接近用户。但是,边缘计算资源增加了网络的功耗。此外,边缘服务器上的流量负载不均匀,导致资源利用率不足,降低了系统的电源效率。为了实现5G及以后网络所鼓励的绿色网络概念,应将未使用的MEC资源切换为休眠模式,以降低功耗。控制休眠/活动交换需求的策略应该优化功耗并保持可接受的服务质量。控制策略还应消除导致系统不稳定和降低系统性能的频繁模式切换。本文介绍了一种双阈值开关控制,以降低功耗并保证系统的稳定性。我们还提出了使用获取和共享知识(GSK)优化算法进行资源优化,并确定系统使用的最佳阈值。结果表明,双阈值交换成功地将每个MEC服务器在单个时隙中的功耗降低了10%以上。此外,与单阈值控制相比,双阈值控制显示出更高的稳定性。
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引用次数: 1
GSK-RL: Adaptive Gaining-sharing Knowledge algorithm using Reinforcement Learning GSK-RL:使用强化学习的自适应增益共享知识算法
Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/NILES53778.2021.9600551
Hazem A. A. Nomer, A. W. Mohamed, A. Yousef
Meta-heuristics and nature inspired algorithms have been prominent solvers for highly complex, nonlinear and hard optimization problems. The Gaining-Sharing Knowledge algorithm (GSK) is a recently proposed nature-inspired algorithm, inspired by human and their tendency towards growth and gaining and sharing knowledge with others. The GSK algorithm have been applied to different optimization problems and proved robustness compared to other nature-inspired algorithms. The GSK algorithm has two main control parameters kfand kr which controls how much individuals gain and share knowledge with their common society and circles or what they inherit from their parents. GSK has no control parameter adaptation scheme, the kf and kr are fixed for all individuals. In this paper we introduce an adaptation technique for the GSK algorithm by learning those parameters during search procedure of the algorithm. The new algorithm is dubbed as GSK-RL. The parameter controller in GSK-RL is a neural network trained using actor critic methods for reinforcement learning. The GSK-RL is compared against original GSK algorithm with its default parameters on CEC 2017 test suite functions for dimensions 10 and 30. The GSK-RL performed well on 10 dimensional problems but the performance started to degrade on 30 dimensional problems and it showed unstable behaviour on some functions that the controller has never been trained on before. This paper concludes that neither the state of the search algorithm as described for the RL model nor the reward function has a critical role in designing an RL-based controller for parameters of the GSK, however the training functions and the collected trajectories are the most important factor in designing such a controller.
元启发式算法和自然启发算法已经成为解决高度复杂、非线性和困难优化问题的突出方法。知识获取-共享算法(GSK)是最近提出的一种受自然启发的算法,该算法的灵感来自于人类及其生长和与他人获取和分享知识的倾向。GSK算法已被应用于不同的优化问题,并证明了与其他自然启发算法相比的鲁棒性。GSK算法有两个主要控制参数kfand kr,它们控制个体与共同的社会和圈子获得和分享知识的数量,或者他们从父母那里继承了什么。GSK没有控制参数自适应方案,kf和kr对所有个体都是固定的。本文介绍了一种GSK算法的自适应技术,即在算法的搜索过程中学习这些参数。新算法被称为GSK-RL。GSK-RL中的参数控制器是一个使用actor批评方法进行强化学习训练的神经网络。在CEC 2017测试套件函数上,将GSK- rl与具有默认参数的原始GSK算法进行比较,维度为10和30。GSK-RL在10维问题上表现良好,但在30维问题上性能开始下降,并且在控制器以前从未训练过的一些函数上表现出不稳定的行为。本文的结论是,无论是RL模型中描述的搜索算法的状态,还是奖励函数,在设计基于RL的GSK参数控制器时都没有关键作用,而训练函数和收集的轨迹是设计此类控制器的最重要因素。
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引用次数: 4
Vision-Based Communication System for Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 肌萎缩性侧索硬化症患者基于视觉的交流系统
Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/NILES53778.2021.9600487
N. Saleh, Aya Tarek
Patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) require an external communication device. The system takes on different characteristics depending on the stage of the disease. This research provides a vision-based communication system for end-stage patients who can communicate with their eyes. Hardware and software were used to create the communication system. A headset with a wearable glass, sensitive camera, and near-infrared light was used to implement eye-tracking technology. The commands were displayed on a computer screen. The software for the system was created with the eye-tracking and calibration process in consideration. Furthermore, smart software for the user interface was created, which included six critical needs to be reported. The system has been tested and has yielded convenient results. In this way, patients with ALS can have a dependable, safe, non-invasive, and low-cost communication device to help them with their daily activities.
肌萎缩性侧索硬化症(ALS)患者需要外部通讯设备。该系统根据疾病的阶段呈现出不同的特征。本研究为终末期患者提供了一种基于视觉的交流系统,可以用眼睛进行交流。硬件和软件被用于创建通信系统。一种带有可穿戴眼镜、敏感摄像头和近红外光的耳机被用来实现眼球追踪技术。命令显示在电脑屏幕上。该系统的软件是在考虑眼球追踪和校准过程的情况下创建的。此外,还为用户界面创建了智能软件,其中包括六个需要报告的关键需求。该系统已经过测试,取得了方便的结果。通过这种方式,ALS患者可以有一个可靠、安全、无创、低成本的通信设备来帮助他们进行日常活动。
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引用次数: 3
LbCS navigation controllers of Twining Lagrangian swarm individuals 缠绕拉格朗日群体个体的LbCS导航控制器
Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/NILES53778.2021.9600510
R. P. Chand, S. Kumar, Ravinesh Chand
This paper presents stabilizing velocity controllers for the individuals of two Lagrangian swarms, which navigates from their initial configuration space to their final configuration space, ensuring intra and inter swarm individual collision avoidance. The motion of the individuals is based on Reynold's rules of separation, alignment, and cohesion. Using the three pillars (safety, shortest and smoothest path) of Lyapunov based control scheme (LbCS), the velocity controllers of the individuals of the two swarms are derived from multiple Lyapunov functions. The effectiveness of the controllers is validated through computer simulations.
本文提出了两个拉格朗日群体个体的稳定速度控制器,使其从初始位形空间导航到最终位形空间,保证了群体内部和群体之间的个体避免碰撞。个体的运动基于雷诺的分离、对齐和凝聚规则。利用Lyapunov控制方案(LbCS)的三个支柱(安全、最短和最平滑路径),由多个Lyapunov函数推导出两个群体个体的速度控制器。通过计算机仿真验证了控制器的有效性。
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引用次数: 8
Comparison Study of Flow Diverting Stents for the Treatment of a Patient-specific Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm 分流支架治疗患者特异性腹主动脉瘤的比较研究
Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/NILES53778.2021.9600094
Ayat Nada, M. A. Hassan, M. Fakhr, M. El-Wakad
Flow diverting (FD) stents are implanted to decrease the aneurysm's blood flow for rupture prevention. We employed computational fluid dynamic (CFD) methods to examine pre- and post-stented flow parameters in abdominal aortic aneurysms. This study aims to investigate and evaluate the effect of two various flow stents on patient-specific abdominal aortic models. The hemodynamic characteristics of the two stents were studied and compared, including velocity field, pressure, time average wall shear stress (TAWSS), and its related indices. The simulation results show that Stent2 offers further flow reduction; however, Stent1 has a higher relative residence time (RRT). In addition, Stent2 reduces TAWSS and increases oscillatory shear index (OSI) and endothelial cell action potential (ECAP). Finally, Stent2 protects the aneurysm from rupture and creates a suitable environment for thrombus formation, which may help the aneurysm degrade.
血流转移(FD)支架的植入是为了减少动脉瘤的血流量,以防止破裂。我们采用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法检测腹主动脉瘤支架置入前后的血流参数。本研究旨在探讨和评估两种不同的血流支架对患者特异性腹主动脉模型的影响。研究比较两种支架的血流动力学特性,包括速度场、压力、时间平均壁剪应力(TAWSS)及其相关指标。仿真结果表明,Stent2可以进一步降低流量;Stent1具有较高的相对停留时间(RRT)。此外,Stent2降低TAWSS,增加振荡剪切指数(OSI)和内皮细胞动作电位(ECAP)。最后,Stent2保护动脉瘤不破裂,并为血栓形成创造合适的环境,这可能有助于动脉瘤降解。
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引用次数: 0
Optimizing combinational logic circuits using Grammatical Evolution 使用语法进化优化组合逻辑电路
Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.1109/NILES53778.2021.9600092
Ayman Youssef, Bilal Majeed, C. Ryan
This paper applies Grammatical Evolution (GE) to the optimization of combinational logic circuits on gate-level logic. We demonstrate the ability of GE to evolve complex combinational circuits using gate-level combinational logic and show that GE can similarly provide optimized solutions for different digital circuit problems at the gate level. Our methodology is applied to the Advanced Encryption standard (AES) S-box building blocks and the results compared to other evolutionary algorithms. Our results show comparable results with traditional Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Cartesian Genetic Programming (CGP).
本文将语法进化理论应用于门级逻辑组合逻辑电路的优化。我们展示了GE使用门级组合逻辑进化复杂组合电路的能力,并表明GE同样可以在门级为不同的数字电路问题提供优化解决方案。我们的方法应用于高级加密标准(AES) S-box构建块,并将结果与其他进化算法进行比较。结果与传统遗传算法(GA)和笛卡尔遗传规划(CGP)具有可比性。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2021 3rd Novel Intelligent and Leading Emerging Sciences Conference (NILES)
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