Thobela Louis Tyasi, Amanda Tshegofatso Mkhonto, M. Mathapo, K. Molabe
Regression tree is the data mining algorithm method which contains a series of calculations that creates a model from collected data. Present study aimed to develop model to estimate body weight (BW) from biometric traits viz. withers height (WH), sternum height (SH), body length (BL), heart girth (HG) and rump height (RH). A total of eighty-three (n = 83) South African non-descript indigenous goats ( 54 females and 29 males) aged three months and above were used in the study. Pearson?s correlations and classification and regression tree (CART) as statistical techniques were used for data analysis. Correlation results indicated that there was a positive highly statistical significant (P < 0.01) correlation between BW and all biometric traits in both males and females, the positive highly statistical significant correlation was observed between BW and WH (r = 0.82) in female goats while in males the highest positive statistical significant correlation was detected between BW and BL (r = 0.83). CART model indicated that the BW mean was 29.868 kilograms (kg) as dependent variable and BL had the highest remarkable role in BW followed by SH, RH while the age had the least remarkable role in BW. This study suggests that BL, SH and RH might be used by South African non-descript goats? farmers as a selection criterion during breeding to improve BW of animal. More completive studies and experiments need to be done using CART to predict BW in more sample size of South African nondescript goats or other goat breeds.
{"title":"Regression tree analysis to predict body weight of South African non-descript goats raised at Syferkuil farm, Capricorn District of South Africa","authors":"Thobela Louis Tyasi, Amanda Tshegofatso Mkhonto, M. Mathapo, K. Molabe","doi":"10.2298/bah2104293t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah2104293t","url":null,"abstract":"Regression tree is the data mining algorithm method which contains a series\u0000 of calculations that creates a model from collected data. Present study\u0000 aimed to develop model to estimate body weight (BW) from biometric traits\u0000 viz. withers height (WH), sternum height (SH), body length (BL), heart girth\u0000 (HG) and rump height (RH). A total of eighty-three (n = 83) South African\u0000 non-descript indigenous goats ( 54 females and 29 males) aged three months\u0000 and above were used in the study. Pearson?s correlations and classification\u0000 and regression tree (CART) as statistical techniques were used for data\u0000 analysis. Correlation results indicated that there was a positive highly\u0000 statistical significant (P < 0.01) correlation between BW and all biometric\u0000 traits in both males and females, the positive highly statistical\u0000 significant correlation was observed between BW and WH (r = 0.82) in female\u0000 goats while in males the highest positive statistical significant\u0000 correlation was detected between BW and BL (r = 0.83). CART model indicated\u0000 that the BW mean was 29.868 kilograms (kg) as dependent variable and BL had\u0000 the highest remarkable role in BW followed by SH, RH while the age had the\u0000 least remarkable role in BW. This study suggests that BL, SH and RH might be\u0000 used by South African non-descript goats? farmers as a selection criterion\u0000 during breeding to improve BW of animal. More completive studies and\u0000 experiments need to be done using CART to predict BW in more sample size of\u0000 South African nondescript goats or other goat breeds.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128013745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Goran Vučković, T. Bobić, P. Mijić, Mirna Gavran, K. Potočnik, V. Bogdanović, V. Gantner
Aiming determination of the variability of production traits (daily milk yield and composition) and microclimate parameters (ambient temperature and humidity) in the barns; as well as the correlation between the analyzed groups of traits, 1,636,192 test-day records from Simmentals and 1,275,713 test-day records from Holsteins were analysed. Performed analysis indicate high variability of production traits due to cow?s breed, parity as well as breeding region. Also, high variability of microclimate parameters in the barns due to season and breeding region was found. Furthermore, statistically highly significant (p < 0.001) correlations between the production traits and microclimate parameters were determined. Finally, the negative effect of inadequate microclimate on daily milk production was determined in both breeds in all breeding regions. Since genetic evaluation and selection of dairy cattle for heat resistance is only long-term method for heat stress managing, determined effect will be taken into account in the statistical model for estimation of genetic parameters and breeding values.
{"title":"Analysis of production traits and microclimate parameters on dairy cattle farms","authors":"Goran Vučković, T. Bobić, P. Mijić, Mirna Gavran, K. Potočnik, V. Bogdanović, V. Gantner","doi":"10.2298/bah1904323v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah1904323v","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming determination of the variability of production traits (daily milk\u0000 yield and composition) and microclimate parameters (ambient temperature and\u0000 humidity) in the barns; as well as the correlation between the analyzed\u0000 groups of traits, 1,636,192 test-day records from Simmentals and 1,275,713\u0000 test-day records from Holsteins were analysed. Performed analysis indicate\u0000 high variability of production traits due to cow?s breed, parity as well as\u0000 breeding region. Also, high variability of microclimate parameters in the\u0000 barns due to season and breeding region was found. Furthermore,\u0000 statistically highly significant (p < 0.001) correlations between the\u0000 production traits and microclimate parameters were determined. Finally, the\u0000 negative effect of inadequate microclimate on daily milk production was\u0000 determined in both breeds in all breeding regions. Since genetic evaluation\u0000 and selection of dairy cattle for heat resistance is only long-term method\u0000 for heat stress managing, determined effect will be taken into account in\u0000 the statistical model for estimation of genetic parameters and breeding\u0000 values.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125644204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study aims to research the effect of age on the quality of ejaculates of rams from Synthetic population of Bulgarian dairy breed. Rams divided into two age groups were used for the experiment: G1 (2.5 years) versus G2 (6 years). Ejaculates were obtained by the method of artificial vagina and diluted with medium 6A-G. The tested ejaculates were obtained outside the breeding season. A Sperm Class Analyzer (SCA Microptic, Barcelona, Spain) was used to study sperm motility. The biochemical activity of the enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was determined using an automatic Mindrai BA88 spectrophotometer. The activity of the enzymes was studied in sperm plasma, in aqueous and tritonic extract. Significant differences between the groups were found in total sperm motility (P?0.05) and LDH enzyme activity in sperm plasma (P?0.01). Regarding the efficiency of the LDH enzyme in aqueous and tritone extract, no significant differences between the groups was found. No significant differences were found between groups for GGT activity, while age had significant impact on LDH enzyme in sperm plasma.
{"title":"Study of the relationship between the age of the rams and the quality of their ejaculates obtained outside the breeding season","authors":"M. Andreeva, R. Stefanov","doi":"10.2298/BAH2004437A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH2004437A","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to research the effect of age on the quality of\u0000 ejaculates of rams from Synthetic population of Bulgarian dairy breed. Rams\u0000 divided into two age groups were used for the experiment: G1 (2.5 years)\u0000 versus G2 (6 years). Ejaculates were obtained by the method of artificial\u0000 vagina and diluted with medium 6A-G. The tested ejaculates were obtained\u0000 outside the breeding season. A Sperm Class Analyzer (SCA Microptic,\u0000 Barcelona, Spain) was used to study sperm motility. The biochemical activity\u0000 of the enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and gamma-glutamyl transferase\u0000 (GGT) was determined using an automatic Mindrai BA88 spectrophotometer. The\u0000 activity of the enzymes was studied in sperm plasma, in aqueous and tritonic\u0000 extract. Significant differences between the groups were found in total\u0000 sperm motility (P?0.05) and LDH enzyme activity in sperm plasma (P?0.01).\u0000 Regarding the efficiency of the LDH enzyme in aqueous and tritone extract,\u0000 no significant differences between the groups was found. No significant\u0000 differences were found between groups for GGT activity, while age had\u0000 significant impact on LDH enzyme in sperm plasma.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116491702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Caro-Petrovic, D. Ružić-Muslić, Nevena Maksimović, Bogdan Cekić, I. Ćosić, M. Selionova, M. Petrović
DNA analysis can have great practical application in the management and successful operation of the farm. The application of DNA technology is becoming a tremendous challenge for farm breeding of domestic animals. In recent years, traditional selection methods have been supplement by the results of molecular analysis of the genome. Determining the genetic distance of sheep and goat breeds had practical and multiple significance. Microsatellites are used widely in the selection, and genomic selection is becoming an increasing challenge for breeders. The development of SNP chips brings an immense advanced for rapid and comprehensive analysis of the genome, which is of great importance for the successful selection and Genomic selection in sheep concentrated on all aspects of genetic and production directions. However, it should be noted that genomic selections in sheep breeding, and especially in goat breeding, take place at a slower pace compared to cattle breeding.
{"title":"Some aspects of DNA analysis in the selection of small ruminants","authors":"V. Caro-Petrovic, D. Ružić-Muslić, Nevena Maksimović, Bogdan Cekić, I. Ćosić, M. Selionova, M. Petrović","doi":"10.2298/bah2103161c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah2103161c","url":null,"abstract":"DNA analysis can have great practical application in the management and\u0000 successful operation of the farm. The application of DNA technology is\u0000 becoming a tremendous challenge for farm breeding of domestic animals. In\u0000 recent years, traditional selection methods have been supplement by the\u0000 results of molecular analysis of the genome. Determining the genetic\u0000 distance of sheep and goat breeds had practical and multiple significance.\u0000 Microsatellites are used widely in the selection, and genomic selection is\u0000 becoming an increasing challenge for breeders. The development of SNP chips\u0000 brings an immense advanced for rapid and comprehensive analysis of the\u0000 genome, which is of great importance for the successful selection and\u0000 Genomic selection in sheep concentrated on all aspects of genetic and\u0000 production directions. However, it should be noted that genomic selections\u0000 in sheep breeding, and especially in goat breeding, take place at a slower\u0000 pace compared to cattle breeding.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127247986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Snežana Paskaš, J. Miočinović, B. Vejnović, Z. Becskei
The study was to conduct to evaluate the chemical composition and nutritive values of feedstuffs (forages and concentrate mixtures) used for dairy goats nutrition in Vojvodina. Samples were collected from six farms, including one organic farm. The results showed that the relative feed values of analyzed forages were in the range of good, medium to lower quality. Average protein content from lowest to highest for investigated forages was: corn silage (Zea Mays) (65.37-82.57g kg??DM), alfalfa haylage (Medicago sativa L.) (159.99-184.17g kg??DM), pasture (185.30g kg?? DM), and alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa L.) (167.48-203.60g kg??DM). The non-fibre carbohydrates and protein content most varied in organic hay samples (cv: 29.25% and 19.09%, respectively). Generally, feedstuffs used in organic nutrition, including organic concentrate, were of lower nutritional quality and moreover contained higher amounts of crude fibre and lignin. Especially, a high source of variation was observed in investigated concentrate mixtures for the crude protein content (p<0.0001), ranged from 135.32 to 209.87g kg??DM. Corn silages also varied substantially in their chemical composition and significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in regard to acid detergent fibre (ADF) and lignin content (ranged: ADF: 242.20-319.24g kg??DM; ADL: 27.98-52.54g kg??DM, respectively). Furthermore, pasture contained the most soluble materials during May and June and their content was related inversely to crude fibre amount. This survey highlights that investigated farms still pay insufficient attention to the quality of the feedstuff. For the development of intensive goat farming, greater emphasis should be placed on using higher quality feedstuffs, as well, standards for feed quality must be considered and established.
{"title":"The nutritional quality of feedstuffs used in dairy goat nutrition in Vojvodina","authors":"Snežana Paskaš, J. Miočinović, B. Vejnović, Z. Becskei","doi":"10.2298/BAH1902163P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1902163P","url":null,"abstract":"The study was to conduct to evaluate the chemical composition and nutritive\u0000 values of feedstuffs (forages and concentrate mixtures) used for dairy goats\u0000 nutrition in Vojvodina. Samples were collected from six farms, including one\u0000 organic farm. The results showed that the relative feed values of analyzed\u0000 forages were in the range of good, medium to lower quality. Average protein\u0000 content from lowest to highest for investigated forages was: corn silage\u0000 (Zea Mays) (65.37-82.57g kg??DM), alfalfa haylage (Medicago sativa L.)\u0000 (159.99-184.17g kg??DM), pasture (185.30g kg?? DM), and alfalfa hay\u0000 (Medicago sativa L.) (167.48-203.60g kg??DM). The non-fibre carbohydrates\u0000 and protein content most varied in organic hay samples (cv: 29.25% and\u0000 19.09%, respectively). Generally, feedstuffs used in organic nutrition,\u0000 including organic concentrate, were of lower nutritional quality and\u0000 moreover contained higher amounts of crude fibre and lignin. Especially, a\u0000 high source of variation was observed in investigated concentrate mixtures\u0000 for the crude protein content (p<0.0001), ranged from 135.32 to 209.87g\u0000 kg??DM. Corn silages also varied substantially in their chemical composition\u0000 and significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in regard to acid detergent\u0000 fibre (ADF) and lignin content (ranged: ADF: 242.20-319.24g kg??DM; ADL:\u0000 27.98-52.54g kg??DM, respectively). Furthermore, pasture contained the most\u0000 soluble materials during May and June and their content was related\u0000 inversely to crude fibre amount. This survey highlights that investigated\u0000 farms still pay insufficient attention to the quality of the feedstuff. For\u0000 the development of intensive goat farming, greater emphasis should be placed\u0000 on using higher quality feedstuffs, as well, standards for feed quality must\u0000 be considered and established.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127358763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dusica Ostojic-Andric, S. Hristov, B. Stanković, D. Nikšić, A. Stanojković, L. Samolovac, M. Marinković
In the last decades, there has been a trend present in the world to increase the size of dairy herds while increasing the yield of milk per head. In addition to environmental and economic benefits, this trend carries certain risks for the welfare of cows because in conditions of increased agglomeration of cattle the possibility of spreading of pathogens is also increased, there are less opportunities for adequate control and cows are exposed to greater selection and production stress. Research of the relationship between herd size and welfare quality parameters is still not sufficient to make relevant conclusions. Starting from that, the aim of this study, conducted in Serbia, is to examine the influence of herd size on parameters related to providing good feeding and housing conditions as important segments of the overall welfare of dairy cows. The assessment of given welfare parameters was done by Welfare Quality? Assessment Protocol for Cattle (2009) on 16 dairy farms of different herd sizes (large, medium and small) and housing management. The results indicate that there are significant variations in welfare indicators in each of the observed groups, which is why the size of the herd cannot be taken as a parameter that explicitly determines the quality of welfare. However, individual observation and comparison of welfare parameters between groups indicate that small herds in our production conditions could be identified as the greatest risks to the welfare of cows. In small herds, the highest share of cows of poor (4.62%) and fattened condition (8.76%) was found, as well as the lowest freedom of movement because cows on small farms are mostly reared in a tied system. Average values of indicators: lying down time (6.24s), frequency of collisions with equipment (13.25%) and high dirt contamination of cows (65.6-89.8%) further emphasize the issue of providing comfort in small herds.
{"title":"The effect of herd size on dairy cows' welfare quality - provision of good feeding and housing","authors":"Dusica Ostojic-Andric, S. Hristov, B. Stanković, D. Nikšić, A. Stanojković, L. Samolovac, M. Marinković","doi":"10.2298/bah2201001o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah2201001o","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decades, there has been a trend present in the world to increase\u0000 the size of dairy herds while increasing the yield of milk per head. In\u0000 addition to environmental and economic benefits, this trend carries certain\u0000 risks for the welfare of cows because in conditions of increased\u0000 agglomeration of cattle the possibility of spreading of pathogens is also\u0000 increased, there are less opportunities for adequate control and cows are\u0000 exposed to greater selection and production stress. Research of the\u0000 relationship between herd size and welfare quality parameters is still not\u0000 sufficient to make relevant conclusions. Starting from that, the aim of this\u0000 study, conducted in Serbia, is to examine the influence of herd size on\u0000 parameters related to providing good feeding and housing conditions as\u0000 important segments of the overall welfare of dairy cows. The assessment of\u0000 given welfare parameters was done by Welfare Quality? Assessment Protocol\u0000 for Cattle (2009) on 16 dairy farms of different herd sizes (large, medium\u0000 and small) and housing management. The results indicate that there are\u0000 significant variations in welfare indicators in each of the observed groups,\u0000 which is why the size of the herd cannot be taken as a parameter that\u0000 explicitly determines the quality of welfare. However, individual\u0000 observation and comparison of welfare parameters between groups indicate\u0000 that small herds in our production conditions could be identified as the\u0000 greatest risks to the welfare of cows. In small herds, the highest share of\u0000 cows of poor (4.62%) and fattened condition (8.76%) was found, as well as\u0000 the lowest freedom of movement because cows on small farms are mostly reared\u0000 in a tied system. Average values of indicators: lying down time (6.24s),\u0000 frequency of collisions with equipment (13.25%) and high dirt contamination\u0000 of cows (65.6-89.8%) further emphasize the issue of providing comfort in\u0000 small herds.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117243471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Correction of the paper "Effect of year, lambing season, sex and birth type on early performance in MIS lambs" by Bogdan Cekic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, Nevena Maksimovic, Violeta Caro-Petrovic, Krstina Zeljic Stojiljkovic, Ivan Cosic, Radmila Beskorovajni, published in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry vol. 37 (4), pages 255-262, 2022 (DOI: 10.2298/BAH2104255C): In Tables 1 and 2 instead of BW90, kg correct is BW60, kg. In Table 1 the values of statistical parameters for ADG2, g and ADG3, g are changed.
{"title":"Correction of the paper \"Effect of year, lambing season, sex and birth type on early performance in MIS lambs\"","authors":"E. Editoral","doi":"10.2298/bah2201080e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah2201080e","url":null,"abstract":"Correction of the paper \"Effect of year, lambing season, sex and birth type\u0000 on early performance in MIS lambs\" by Bogdan Cekic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic,\u0000 Nevena Maksimovic, Violeta Caro-Petrovic, Krstina Zeljic Stojiljkovic, Ivan\u0000 Cosic, Radmila Beskorovajni, published in Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry\u0000 vol. 37 (4), pages 255-262, 2022 (DOI: 10.2298/BAH2104255C): In Tables 1\u0000 and 2 instead of BW90, kg correct is BW60, kg. In Table 1 the values of\u0000 statistical parameters for ADG2, g and ADG3, g are changed. <br><br><font color=\"red\"><b> Link to the corrected article <u><a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/BAH2104255C\">10.2298/BAH2104255C</a></b></u>","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132729395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Kučević, S. Trivunović, Z. Soronja, D. Janković, D. Stanojević, R. Djedović, T. Papović
The objective of this research was to determine the association between age at first calving (AFC) and milk production in the first lactation of longevity traits for Holstein cows. The research was conducted on 2307 cows raised on 4 farms in AP Vojvodina. The cows were culled in the period from 2017 to 2018. The cows belonged to the group of Holstein Friesian breed of cattle. Cow longevity was observed using three parameters: number of lactations (NL), lifetime milk yield (LMY) and length of productive life (LPL). The research involved the influence of the farm on which the animals realized their production, the season of first calving. A mean value obtained for the length of productive life in the analysed population was 1207 days (3.30 years on average). During this period the animals on average realized 2.45 lactations and produced on average 18798 kg milk. All studied traits showed a high level of variability. From these data, the study sought to determine the influence of factors on the traits of longevity, our research present that studied factors showed high statistical significance on these traits except in the case of the season of first calving where a statistical significance effect wasn?t observed. The season of first calving did not affect the animal traits for longevity and, generally, didn?t affect the calving interval. Regarding the obtained correlation data between age at first calving and length of productive life, it can be concluded that belated AFC leads to reduced reproductive performance.
{"title":"Association between age at first calving and milk production in first lactation on longevity traits in Holstein cows","authors":"D. Kučević, S. Trivunović, Z. Soronja, D. Janković, D. Stanojević, R. Djedović, T. Papović","doi":"10.2298/bah2001027k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah2001027k","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was to determine the association between age\u0000 at first calving (AFC) and milk production in the first lactation of\u0000 longevity traits for Holstein cows. The research was conducted on 2307 cows\u0000 raised on 4 farms in AP Vojvodina. The cows were culled in the period from\u0000 2017 to 2018. The cows belonged to the group of Holstein Friesian breed of\u0000 cattle. Cow longevity was observed using three parameters: number of\u0000 lactations (NL), lifetime milk yield (LMY) and length of productive life\u0000 (LPL). The research involved the influence of the farm on which the animals\u0000 realized their production, the season of first calving. A mean value\u0000 obtained for the length of productive life in the analysed population was\u0000 1207 days (3.30 years on average). During this period the animals on average\u0000 realized 2.45 lactations and produced on average 18798 kg milk. All studied\u0000 traits showed a high level of variability. From these data, the study sought\u0000 to determine the influence of factors on the traits of longevity, our\u0000 research present that studied factors showed high statistical significance\u0000 on these traits except in the case of the season of first calving where a\u0000 statistical significance effect wasn?t observed. The season of first calving\u0000 did not affect the animal traits for longevity and, generally, didn?t affect\u0000 the calving interval. Regarding the obtained correlation data between age at\u0000 first calving and length of productive life, it can be concluded that\u0000 belated AFC leads to reduced reproductive performance.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128648413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A pollen substitute is a valuable resource to maintain bee colonies strong and healthy, in the absence of pollen in sufficient quantities in nature. Hence, the current study was performed to investigate the effects of different levels of dietary proteins and silymarin (SM) as a natural antioxidant, on honey bee worker colonies. The study was carried out as a completely randomized design in an experiment conducted using 36 honey bee colonies in a completely randomized design with nine experimental treatments (four levels of crude protein 0, 20, 30 and 40%, two levels of silymarin 0 and 0.2 mM and pure pollen (control)), and four replications at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan in autumn 2015. In current study parameters such as workers in sealed broods, newborn workers bee weight, body protein and, the amount of development of Hypopharyngeal gland surface were studied. Soybean meal, maize and wheat gluten were included as pollen substitutes. Based on the results of the pre-experiment, SM supplement at a dose of two-tenths mM improved the survival of bees. Capped broods number using the divided box into squares with 2 ? 2 cm, newborn workers bee weight using the balance, body protein based on the percentage of body weight and development of the Hypopharyngeal gland surface using microscopes and micrometers were measured. The results showed that there was a significant difference between treatments in terms of laying eggs (P <0.05). The highest and lowest rate of workers in sealed broods were related to treatment containing 30% protein and SM (12467 cells) and sucrose treatment (2042 cells), respectively. Also, the highest and lowest newborn workers bee weight were related to pollen treatment and the sucrose treatment, respectively (P <0.05). Body protein of worker bees in studied treatments had significant differences (P <0.05), so that the widest and narrowest percent body protein were observed in a diet containing 30% protein and SM and sucrose treatment, respectively. The Hypopharyngeal gland surface in the colonies fed with different diets was significantly different (P<0.05) and the widest and narrowest of its surface were observed in the diet containing 30% protein and SM and sucrose treatment, respectively. According to the current results, to maximize the reproduction of bees, a diet containing 30% crude protein is proposed.
{"title":"The effects of different levels of protein and silymarin on the population growth and hypopharyngeal gland surface of honey bee workers (Apis mellifera meda)","authors":"S. Mohammad, M. Sari, G. Tahmasbi, M. Chaji","doi":"10.2298/bah2003341h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah2003341h","url":null,"abstract":"A pollen substitute is a valuable resource to maintain bee colonies strong and healthy, in the absence of pollen in sufficient quantities in nature. Hence, the current study was performed to investigate the effects of different levels of dietary proteins and silymarin (SM) as a natural antioxidant, on honey bee worker colonies. The study was carried out as a completely randomized design in an experiment conducted using 36 honey bee colonies in a completely randomized design with nine experimental treatments (four levels of crude protein 0, 20, 30 and 40%, two levels of silymarin 0 and 0.2 mM and pure pollen (control)), and four replications at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan in autumn 2015. In current study parameters such as workers in sealed broods, newborn workers bee weight, body protein and, the amount of development of Hypopharyngeal gland surface were studied. Soybean meal, maize and wheat gluten were included as pollen substitutes. Based on the results of the pre-experiment, SM supplement at a dose of two-tenths mM improved the survival of bees. Capped broods number using the divided box into squares with 2 ? 2 cm, newborn workers bee weight using the balance, body protein based on the percentage of body weight and development of the Hypopharyngeal gland surface using microscopes and micrometers were measured. The results showed that there was a significant difference between treatments in terms of laying eggs (P <0.05). The highest and lowest rate of workers in sealed broods were related to treatment containing 30% protein and SM (12467 cells) and sucrose treatment (2042 cells), respectively. Also, the highest and lowest newborn workers bee weight were related to pollen treatment and the sucrose treatment, respectively (P <0.05). Body protein of worker bees in studied treatments had significant differences (P <0.05), so that the widest and narrowest percent body protein were observed in a diet containing 30% protein and SM and sucrose treatment, respectively. The Hypopharyngeal gland surface in the colonies fed with different diets was significantly different (P<0.05) and the widest and narrowest of its surface were observed in the diet containing 30% protein and SM and sucrose treatment, respectively. According to the current results, to maximize the reproduction of bees, a diet containing 30% crude protein is proposed.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128673048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Popović, V. Davidovic, Ivana Božičković, B. Stojanovic, Bojan Ivanovic, M. Bojanić-Rašović
The aim of this study was to determine the change in the value of morpho-metric parameters of antlers and the total trophy score in relation to the age of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.). The study was conducted on 228 roe deer trophies from the "Barajevska reka" hunting ground in Serbia, aged one to seven years. From the second to the fourth year, the growth of antlers was the most intense, and the differences compared to one year old animals were significant (P <0.001). The highest average length of the branches was monitored in six years old animals (22.4 ? 2.05 cm), with significant differences (P <0.001) compared to younger animals, except for the three years old animals (P>0.05). From the second to the fifth year, a gradual increase in antler weight (from 192.2 ? 30.41 g to 221.9 ? 61.86 g) and antler volume (from 74 cm3 to 90 cm3) was observed, with the highest values of antler weight (291.8 ? 58.43 g and 319.1 ? 98.89 g, respectively) and antler volume (123.8 cm3 and 121.2 cm3) in six and seven year old animals. Overall trophy scores increased from year one to year seven (42.6 ? 7.86 vs 97.4 ? 27.40), with differences in trophy scores for animals aged six and seven years significantly greater than for animals aged one to five years (P <0.001). The highest quality antlers have six and seven year olds, at which time their hunting should be conducted.
本研究的目的是确定鹿角形态参数值和战利品总得分随鹿龄的变化。这项研究是对来自塞尔维亚“Barajevska reka”狩猎场的228只鹿进行的，年龄在1到7岁之间。第2 ~第4年鹿角生长最为强烈，与1岁相比差异显著(P < 0.05)。从第二年到第五年，鹿角重量逐渐增加(从192.2 ?30.41 g到221.9 g ?鹿茸体积从74 ~ 90 cm3不等，其中鹿茸质量最大值为291.8 ?58.43 g和319.1 g ?6岁和7岁鹿茸体积分别为123.8 cm3和121.2 cm3。从第一年到第七年，奖杯总得分增加了42.6 ?7.86 vs 97.4 ?27.40)， 6岁和7岁动物的战利品得分差异显著大于1 ~ 5岁动物(P <0.001)。最优质的鹿角有六到七岁，在这个时候应该进行狩猎。
{"title":"Change of antlers morpho-metric parameters and total trophy score in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) in relation to age","authors":"Z. Popović, V. Davidovic, Ivana Božičković, B. Stojanovic, Bojan Ivanovic, M. Bojanić-Rašović","doi":"10.2298/bah2002225p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah2002225p","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the change in the value of\u0000 morpho-metric parameters of antlers and the total trophy score in relation\u0000 to the age of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.). The study was conducted on\u0000 228 roe deer trophies from the \"Barajevska reka\" hunting ground in Serbia,\u0000 aged one to seven years. From the second to the fourth year, the growth of\u0000 antlers was the most intense, and the differences compared to one year old\u0000 animals were significant (P <0.001). The highest average length of the\u0000 branches was monitored in six years old animals (22.4 ? 2.05 cm), with\u0000 significant differences (P <0.001) compared to younger animals, except for\u0000 the three years old animals (P>0.05). From the second to the fifth year, a\u0000 gradual increase in antler weight (from 192.2 ? 30.41 g to 221.9 ? 61.86 g)\u0000 and antler volume (from 74 cm3 to 90 cm3) was observed, with the highest\u0000 values of antler weight (291.8 ? 58.43 g and 319.1 ? 98.89 g, respectively)\u0000 and antler volume (123.8 cm3 and 121.2 cm3) in six and seven year old\u0000 animals. Overall trophy scores increased from year one to year seven (42.6 ?\u0000 7.86 vs 97.4 ? 27.40), with differences in trophy scores for animals aged\u0000 six and seven years significantly greater than for animals aged one to five\u0000 years (P <0.001). The highest quality antlers have six and seven year olds,\u0000 at which time their hunting should be conducted.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128783983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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