The goal of cryopreservation is to retain the original stage of gametes and embryos after they have endured cooling and warming. Slow freezing is a standard method for in vivo-derived bovine embryo cryopreservation, threefifths of such embryos being frozen by this method globally. However, it is evident that slow freezing is not efficient for cryopreserving in vitro-produced bovine embryos. Hence, only one-third of in vitro-produced bovine embryos are cryopreserved. Vitrification is a preferred method for storage of human embryos; consequently, it has been explored as a novel means to store in vitro-produced bovine embryos, for which it shows considerable promise as an alternative to slow freezing. This is due to several reasons: vitrification is often less time-consuming than slow freezing; it does not need expensive slow rate freezing machines; and it has been proven to have comparatively higher survival rates. Yet, in the cattle industry vitrification continues to present shortcomings, such as possible toxicity of vitrification solutions and failure to standardize methods, which pose a challenge for its application to in vitro-produced bovine embryos. Therefore, determining the most suitable procedure is crucial to make vitrification more practical in commercial settings.
{"title":"Cryopreservation of in vitro-produced bovine embryos by vitrification: In pursuit of a simplified, standardized procedure that improves pregnancy rates to promote cattle industry use","authors":"Van Do Huong, W. A. Taylor-Robinson","doi":"10.2298/bah2003251h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah2003251h","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of cryopreservation is to retain the original stage of gametes and\u0000 embryos after they have endured cooling and warming. Slow freezing is a\u0000 standard method for in vivo-derived bovine embryo cryopreservation,\u0000 threefifths of such embryos being frozen by this method globally. However,\u0000 it is evident that slow freezing is not efficient for cryopreserving in\u0000 vitro-produced bovine embryos. Hence, only one-third of in vitro-produced\u0000 bovine embryos are cryopreserved. Vitrification is a preferred method for\u0000 storage of human embryos; consequently, it has been explored as a novel\u0000 means to store in vitro-produced bovine embryos, for which it shows\u0000 considerable promise as an alternative to slow freezing. This is due to\u0000 several reasons: vitrification is often less time-consuming than slow\u0000 freezing; it does not need expensive slow rate freezing machines; and it has\u0000 been proven to have comparatively higher survival rates. Yet, in the cattle\u0000 industry vitrification continues to present shortcomings, such as possible\u0000 toxicity of vitrification solutions and failure to standardize methods,\u0000 which pose a challenge for its application to in vitro-produced bovine\u0000 embryos. Therefore, determining the most suitable procedure is crucial to\u0000 make vitrification more practical in commercial settings.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115646622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nemanja Lečić, V. Caro-Petrovic, D. Ružić-Muslić, Nevena Maksimović, Bogdan Cekić, I. Ćosić
The research included a total of 921 lambs, 474 ewes and 8 sjenicke sheep rams from 4 different farms. The aim of the research was to examine the influence of the farm, cultivation technology and the influence of rams within the farm on production indicators. Statistical analysis showed that the body weight of lambs at birth ranged from 3.37 to 4.03 kg (average 3.68 kg), at 30 days from 11.51 to 12.41 kg (average 12.07 kg) and from 90 days from 27.82 to 29 kg (average 28.65 kg). A statistically highly significant influence of the farm was determined (P<0.01) on the body weight of lambs in all three control periods, as well as on the body weight of sheep and on the fertility of sheep. The influence of the ram on the body weight of the lambs at birth was statistically very significant within the farm (P<0.01). When it comes to the percentage share of birth type by farm, farm 1 had the most singletons (59.13%) both within the farm and in comparison between other farms, while there were fewer twins (40.87%), and triplets were not identified. On the other farms, the percentage of twins was the highest, and triplets were also present, while on farm 4 there were also quadruplets, lambs born as quadruplets (3.28%).
{"title":"Influence of some factors on fertility and weight if sheep and body weight development of lambs","authors":"Nemanja Lečić, V. Caro-Petrovic, D. Ružić-Muslić, Nevena Maksimović, Bogdan Cekić, I. Ćosić","doi":"10.2298/bah2202093l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah2202093l","url":null,"abstract":"The research included a total of 921 lambs, 474 ewes and 8 sjenicke sheep\u0000 rams from 4 different farms. The aim of the research was to examine the\u0000 influence of the farm, cultivation technology and the influence of rams\u0000 within the farm on production indicators. Statistical analysis showed that\u0000 the body weight of lambs at birth ranged from 3.37 to 4.03 kg (average 3.68\u0000 kg), at 30 days from 11.51 to 12.41 kg (average 12.07 kg) and from 90 days\u0000 from 27.82 to 29 kg (average 28.65 kg). A statistically highly significant\u0000 influence of the farm was determined (P<0.01) on the body weight of lambs in\u0000 all three control periods, as well as on the body weight of sheep and on the\u0000 fertility of sheep. The influence of the ram on the body weight of the lambs\u0000 at birth was statistically very significant within the farm (P<0.01). When\u0000 it comes to the percentage share of birth type by farm, farm 1 had the most\u0000 singletons (59.13%) both within the farm and in comparison between other\u0000 farms, while there were fewer twins (40.87%), and triplets were not\u0000 identified. On the other farms, the percentage of twins was the highest, and\u0000 triplets were also present, while on farm 4 there were also quadruplets,\u0000 lambs born as quadruplets (3.28%).","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124857977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikola Molerović, B. Rašković, R. Djedović, Ostojic Andric, Z. Markovic, S. Marić
Due to the ecological concerns and preservation of genetic resources, the characterization of genetic structure of the brown trout (Salmo trutta) was carried out on the "Braduljica" fish farm. DNA was isolated from fin clips of 10 individuals, and after that molecular PCR-RFLP methods were used for distinguishing between Atlantic and Danubian lineages based on control region of the mitochondrial DNA (CR mtDNA) and lactate dehydrogenase gene of the nuclear DNA (LDH nDNA). Based on phenotypic characteristics it was estimated that out of 10 individuals included in this study five belonged to the allochtonous Atlantic lineage and remaining five belonged to the native Danubian lineage of brown trout. However, results of molecular analyses showed a high percentage of allochthonous genes among the individuals, which confirms the hybridization between these two lineages. Also, the results showed that the selection based on the phenotype is not adequate. In order to continue with proper broodstock management, it is necessary to eliminate allochtonous individuals of the Atlantic lineage from the broodstock.
{"title":"Characterization of the genetic structure of the brown trout (Salmo trutta) from “Braduljica” fish farm, Serbia","authors":"Nikola Molerović, B. Rašković, R. Djedović, Ostojic Andric, Z. Markovic, S. Marić","doi":"10.2298/bah1903289m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah1903289m","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the ecological concerns and preservation of genetic resources, the\u0000 characterization of genetic structure of the brown trout (Salmo trutta) was\u0000 carried out on the \"Braduljica\" fish farm. DNA was isolated from fin clips\u0000 of 10 individuals, and after that molecular PCR-RFLP methods were used for\u0000 distinguishing between Atlantic and Danubian lineages based on control\u0000 region of the mitochondrial DNA (CR mtDNA) and lactate dehydrogenase gene of\u0000 the nuclear DNA (LDH nDNA). Based on phenotypic characteristics it was\u0000 estimated that out of 10 individuals included in this study five belonged to\u0000 the allochtonous Atlantic lineage and remaining five belonged to the native\u0000 Danubian lineage of brown trout. However, results of molecular analyses\u0000 showed a high percentage of allochthonous genes among the individuals, which\u0000 confirms the hybridization between these two lineages. Also, the results\u0000 showed that the selection based on the phenotype is not adequate. In order\u0000 to continue with proper broodstock management, it is necessary to eliminate\u0000 allochtonous individuals of the Atlantic lineage from the broodstock.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130490478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Škrbić, M. Lukić, V. Petričević, S. Bogosavljević-Bošković, S. Rakonjac, V. Dosković, N. Tolimir
The egg production sector is in a transitional period with regard to the permitted housing systems, i.e. rearing in conventional cages under certain conditions to the complete ban of any form of cage system. The changes were caused by concern for the layer wellfare but with the expected effects on productivity as well. The aim of the research was to determine the effects of the floor space allowance in cage and non-cage housing systems on the feather score and egg production of laying hens of three ages, from the aspect of the regulated minimum and optimal space in the cage system (C) and the space provided in the extensive rearing system with hens in smaller groups in the facility (extensive indoor -EI). In order to determine the feather score, the body weight of the laying hens and the weight of the eggs, three groups of laying hens were formed: C4 (564 cm2 per hen, cage system), C3 (751 cm2 per hen, cage system) and EI ( 3000 cm2 per hen, extensive indoor). The feather score and body weight of laying hens were determined in three ages of hens (30, 40, 50 weeks), by individual assessment and measurement of all hens in the experiment. The hen-day egg production and egg weight were determined in the same weeks of laying age. In addition to the expected decrease in feather score with the age of hens, results indicated a significant interaction between age and space allowance per hen. Observed by individual body parts, as well as based on the overall feather score, the space allowance per hen exhibited a full, cumulative effect at 50 weeks of age. Based on the space allowance, it was possible to rank the overall feather score, with the laying hens with the most space having the best feather score. The effect of the space allowance on the body weight of the laying hens was manifested through the space available on the feeder, which resulted in the lowest (p<0.01) body weight values recorded in laying hens of the C4 group. Egg production was not significantly influenced by the space allowance per hen (p=0.069), but a connection between egg production and the housing system can be concluded. The average egg weight, in addition to the known effect of layer age, was the lowest (p<0.01) in the group with the least space allowance per hen.
{"title":"The effect of space allowance in the cage and floor systems on feather condition and egg production","authors":"Z. Škrbić, M. Lukić, V. Petričević, S. Bogosavljević-Bošković, S. Rakonjac, V. Dosković, N. Tolimir","doi":"10.2298/bah2202125s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah2202125s","url":null,"abstract":"The egg production sector is in a transitional period with regard to the\u0000 permitted housing systems, i.e. rearing in conventional cages under certain\u0000 conditions to the complete ban of any form of cage system. The changes were\u0000 caused by concern for the layer wellfare but with the expected effects on\u0000 productivity as well. The aim of the research was to determine the effects\u0000 of the floor space allowance in cage and non-cage housing systems on the\u0000 feather score and egg production of laying hens of three ages, from the\u0000 aspect of the regulated minimum and optimal space in the cage system (C) and\u0000 the space provided in the extensive rearing system with hens in smaller\u0000 groups in the facility (extensive indoor -EI). In order to determine the\u0000 feather score, the body weight of the laying hens and the weight of the\u0000 eggs, three groups of laying hens were formed: C4 (564 cm2 per hen, cage\u0000 system), C3 (751 cm2 per hen, cage system) and EI ( 3000 cm2 per hen,\u0000 extensive indoor). The feather score and body weight of laying hens were\u0000 determined in three ages of hens (30, 40, 50 weeks), by individual\u0000 assessment and measurement of all hens in the experiment. The hen-day egg\u0000 production and egg weight were determined in the same weeks of laying age.\u0000 In addition to the expected decrease in feather score with the age of hens,\u0000 results indicated a significant interaction between age and space allowance\u0000 per hen. Observed by individual body parts, as well as based on the overall\u0000 feather score, the space allowance per hen exhibited a full, cumulative\u0000 effect at 50 weeks of age. Based on the space allowance, it was possible to\u0000 rank the overall feather score, with the laying hens with the most space\u0000 having the best feather score. The effect of the space allowance on the body\u0000 weight of the laying hens was manifested through the space available on the\u0000 feeder, which resulted in the lowest (p<0.01) body weight values recorded in\u0000 laying hens of the C4 group. Egg production was not significantly influenced\u0000 by the space allowance per hen (p=0.069), but a connection between egg\u0000 production and the housing system can be concluded. The average egg weight,\u0000 in addition to the known effect of layer age, was the lowest (p<0.01) in the\u0000 group with the least space allowance per hen.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132979708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Ružić-Muslić, M. Petrović, Bogdan Cekić, I. Ćosić, I. Pavlović, Nevena Maksimović, V. Caro-Petrovic
The strategy of conservation of endangered sheep populations implies morphological and genetic characterization, as basic preconditions for their conservation. The aim of this study was to determine the morphometric characteristics, their correlations and the index of physical development of Pirot pramenka, which has the status of the most endangered population in Serbia. The measuring was performed on 30 sheep, aged 3 years, reared in the area of Stara Planina. The descriptive statistical procedure was performed using the statistical package Statistica (version 8). The average height at the withers was 56.31 cm, body length 62.93 cm, chest width 18.37 cm, chest depth 25.96 cm, chest circumference 77.59 cm, shin circumference 6.70 cm. The strongest and significantly positive correlation (P <0.05) was found between chest depth and height at withers (0.65), body length (0.58) and body weight (0.56). Pirotska pramenka has slightly higher indices of format, chest and massiveness, in relation to breeds Vitoroga Zuja and Travnik Pramenka. These morphometric traits suggest that, compared to previous research, the body frame of Pirot pramenka sheep did not change significantly, which means that there were no crosses with other breeds due to geographical isolation and enthusiasm of breeders to preserve the indigenous Pirot pramenka which was the starting point for following authentic brands: Pirot lamb, cheese and carpet. Hence the biological and moral imperative: to preserve this highly endangered population.
{"title":"Morphometric characterization of Pirot pramenka","authors":"D. Ružić-Muslić, M. Petrović, Bogdan Cekić, I. Ćosić, I. Pavlović, Nevena Maksimović, V. Caro-Petrovic","doi":"10.2298/bah2102075r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah2102075r","url":null,"abstract":"The strategy of conservation of endangered sheep populations implies\u0000 morphological and genetic characterization, as basic preconditions for their\u0000 conservation. The aim of this study was to determine the morphometric\u0000 characteristics, their correlations and the index of physical development of\u0000 Pirot pramenka, which has the status of the most endangered population in\u0000 Serbia. The measuring was performed on 30 sheep, aged 3 years, reared in the\u0000 area of Stara Planina. The descriptive statistical procedure was performed\u0000 using the statistical package Statistica (version 8). The average height at\u0000 the withers was 56.31 cm, body length 62.93 cm, chest width 18.37 cm, chest\u0000 depth 25.96 cm, chest circumference 77.59 cm, shin circumference 6.70 cm.\u0000 The strongest and significantly positive correlation (P <0.05) was found\u0000 between chest depth and height at withers (0.65), body length (0.58) and\u0000 body weight (0.56). Pirotska pramenka has slightly higher indices of format,\u0000 chest and massiveness, in relation to breeds Vitoroga Zuja and Travnik\u0000 Pramenka. These morphometric traits suggest that, compared to previous\u0000 research, the body frame of Pirot pramenka sheep did not change\u0000 significantly, which means that there were no crosses with other breeds due\u0000 to geographical isolation and enthusiasm of breeders to preserve the\u0000 indigenous Pirot pramenka which was the starting point for following\u0000 authentic brands: Pirot lamb, cheese and carpet. Hence the biological and\u0000 moral imperative: to preserve this highly endangered population.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132508141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alban Mugoti, N. Chikumba, Anderson Munengwa, Lenin Dziwanyika, Sizo Moyo, Chiedza Mgumba
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the association between two tropical grasses, Signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) and Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) on the proximate composition, in vitro digestibility, and fermentation characteristics of ensiled material. A complete randomized design was used on three treatments namely Signal grass, Napier grass, and Signal-Napier grass combination. Silage was made using molasses applied in proportions of 1:2 with water and mixed with silage at the rate of 5% for a 5kg bag of 2.5cm cut grass. Signal-Napier grass combination silage was superior in almost all parameters to the two sole crop silages. After ensiling, a significant difference (p<0.05) in most parameters was recorded. A significant difference (p=0.0004) in pH was determined where pH was lower in the sole Napier grass silage than that of the Signal-Napier combination and Signal grass. A similar outcome (P<0.05) was recorded for crude protein, ash, ether extracts, nitrogen-free extracts, and neutral detergent fiber. However, no significant difference (p>0.05) was obtained in dry matter (p=0.1524), crude fiber (p=0.5924), and ADF (p=0.1168). Although having poor digestibility values in all treatments, Signal grass proved to be better than the rest. Organoleptic characteristics were promising, with normal color, smell, and texture changes observed. These results indicated that the association of grasses had an impressive positive effect on the nutritional value and quality of silages. Therefore, the use of mixed grass silages is encouraged.
{"title":"Associative effects of a mixed Brachiaria decumbens and Pennisetum purpureum grass feed on the ensiling properties","authors":"Alban Mugoti, N. Chikumba, Anderson Munengwa, Lenin Dziwanyika, Sizo Moyo, Chiedza Mgumba","doi":"10.2298/bah2301103m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah2301103m","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the association between two\u0000 tropical grasses, Signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) and Napier grass\u0000 (Pennisetum purpureum) on the proximate composition, in vitro digestibility,\u0000 and fermentation characteristics of ensiled material. A complete randomized\u0000 design was used on three treatments namely Signal grass, Napier grass, and\u0000 Signal-Napier grass combination. Silage was made using molasses applied in\u0000 proportions of 1:2 with water and mixed with silage at the rate of 5% for a\u0000 5kg bag of 2.5cm cut grass. Signal-Napier grass combination silage was\u0000 superior in almost all parameters to the two sole crop silages. After\u0000 ensiling, a significant difference (p<0.05) in most parameters was recorded.\u0000 A significant difference (p=0.0004) in pH was determined where pH was lower\u0000 in the sole Napier grass silage than that of the Signal-Napier combination\u0000 and Signal grass. A similar outcome (P<0.05) was recorded for crude protein,\u0000 ash, ether extracts, nitrogen-free extracts, and neutral detergent fiber.\u0000 However, no significant difference (p>0.05) was obtained in dry matter\u0000 (p=0.1524), crude fiber (p=0.5924), and ADF (p=0.1168). Although having poor\u0000 digestibility values in all treatments, Signal grass proved to be better\u0000 than the rest. Organoleptic characteristics were promising, with normal\u0000 color, smell, and texture changes observed. These results indicated that the\u0000 association of grasses had an impressive positive effect on the nutritional\u0000 value and quality of silages. Therefore, the use of mixed grass silages is\u0000 encouraged.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114156537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Škrbić, M. Lukić, V. Petričević, S. Bogosavljević-Bošković, S. Rakonjac, V. Dosković, N. Tolimir
The possibility for use of high light intensity in broiler production management to improve the health of broilers? legs was examined in a study aiming to determine the effect of two levels of light intensity in different stocking densities of broiler chickens. The study was carried out on 1200 Ross 308 broilers according to a random block system with 6 treatments (2 x 3 factorial design) and 4 replicates per treatment. The examined light intensity levels of 150 lx (high light intensity-HLI) and 20 lx (low light intensity-LLI) were applied to 3 stocking densities of broilers: 10, 13 and 15 birds/m2. Scoring of foot pad (FP) and hock burns (HB) was carried out on the 42nd day, on a sample of 240 broilers. Osteometric and biomechanical measurements on tibia were performed after slaughtering and primary processing, on a sample of 72 broilers. The high level intensity of light exerted no significant effect on the development and firmness of the tibia of broilers grown in the densities of 10, 13 and 15 birds/m2. There are indications that in the highest studied stocking density the increased light intensity can improve the individual properties of tibia. The differences in the average assessment of hock burns were concluded to be the result of the stocking density that was observed only in conditions of the increased intensity of light. The average score of foot pad lesions was under the significant main effect of both investigated factors. The differences in the average FP estimation between the light intensity treatments were confirmed in the stocking density of 13 birds/m2.
{"title":"Effects of light intensity in different stocking densities on tibial measurements and incidence of lesions in broilers","authors":"Z. Škrbić, M. Lukić, V. Petričević, S. Bogosavljević-Bošković, S. Rakonjac, V. Dosković, N. Tolimir","doi":"10.2298/bah1903243s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah1903243s","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility for use of high light intensity in broiler production\u0000 management to improve the health of broilers? legs was examined in a study\u0000 aiming to determine the effect of two levels of light intensity in different\u0000 stocking densities of broiler chickens. The study was carried out on 1200\u0000 Ross 308 broilers according to a random block system with 6 treatments (2 x\u0000 3 factorial design) and 4 replicates per treatment. The examined light\u0000 intensity levels of 150 lx (high light intensity-HLI) and 20 lx (low light\u0000 intensity-LLI) were applied to 3 stocking densities of broilers: 10, 13 and\u0000 15 birds/m2. Scoring of foot pad (FP) and hock burns (HB) was carried out on\u0000 the 42nd day, on a sample of 240 broilers. Osteometric and biomechanical\u0000 measurements on tibia were performed after slaughtering and primary\u0000 processing, on a sample of 72 broilers. The high level intensity of light\u0000 exerted no significant effect on the development and firmness of the tibia\u0000 of broilers grown in the densities of 10, 13 and 15 birds/m2. There are\u0000 indications that in the highest studied stocking density the increased light\u0000 intensity can improve the individual properties of tibia. The differences in\u0000 the average assessment of hock burns were concluded to be the result of the\u0000 stocking density that was observed only in conditions of the increased\u0000 intensity of light. The average score of foot pad lesions was under the\u0000 significant main effect of both investigated factors. The differences in the\u0000 average FP estimation between the light intensity treatments were confirmed\u0000 in the stocking density of 13 birds/m2.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114440092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Poultry red mite or Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) is the most significant poultry ectoparasite with regards to health and economy. It is a widely accepted opinion that D. gallinae can only be suppressed, with the current annual expenditure of 60 eurocents per layer. However, research indicates that D. gallinae can be controlled in other ways and eradicated from the production facilities and farms, and subsequent reinfestation can be prevented by implementing biosafety measures. This provides a long-term or permanent effect of D. gallinae control. From the aspect of economy, this means that after decades of increasing expenditures, farmers can first decrease, and then completely eliminate expenditures incurred by D. gallinae. Therefore, economic calculations should be based on an expert and comprehensive approach, which should itself be based on rational control, preventive veterinary medicine, i.e. D. gallinae control program. This would result in long-term savings. In 10 years? time, 0.5 million euros would be saved per 100.000 layers. There are an estimated 4 billion infested layers worldwide.
家禽红螨或Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778)是最重要的家禽外寄生虫。人们普遍认为鸡鸡D. gallinae只能被抑制，目前每年每层花费60欧分。然而，研究表明，鸡肠弧菌可以通过其他方式控制，从生产设施和农场中根除，并通过实施生物安全措施防止随后的再感染。这提供了一个长期或永久的效果，鸡D.控制。从经济角度来看，这意味着农民在经过几十年的支出增加后，可以先减少，然后完全消除鸡戎杆菌的支出。因此，经济计算应建立在专家综合方法的基础上，而专家综合方法本身应建立在合理控制、预防兽药即鸡蛉控制方案的基础上。这将带来长期的节省。10年后?每10万层可节省50万欧元。据估计，全世界有40亿层细菌被感染。
{"title":"Farmers’ economic interest in Dermanyssus gallinae control","authors":"А. Pavlicevic, I. Pavlović, S. Kulić","doi":"10.2298/bah2103171p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah2103171p","url":null,"abstract":"Poultry red mite or Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) is the most\u0000 significant poultry ectoparasite with regards to health and economy. It is a\u0000 widely accepted opinion that D. gallinae can only be suppressed, with the\u0000 current annual expenditure of 60 eurocents per layer. However, research\u0000 indicates that D. gallinae can be controlled in other ways and eradicated\u0000 from the production facilities and farms, and subsequent reinfestation can\u0000 be prevented by implementing biosafety measures. This provides a long-term\u0000 or permanent effect of D. gallinae control. From the aspect of economy, this\u0000 means that after decades of increasing expenditures, farmers can first\u0000 decrease, and then completely eliminate expenditures incurred by D.\u0000 gallinae. Therefore, economic calculations should be based on an expert and\u0000 comprehensive approach, which should itself be based on rational control,\u0000 preventive veterinary medicine, i.e. D. gallinae control program. This would\u0000 result in long-term savings. In 10 years? time, 0.5 million euros would be\u0000 saved per 100.000 layers. There are an estimated 4 billion infested layers\u0000 worldwide.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134563898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Do Khoa Vo, N. Thi, Nguyen. Thao, N. Thi, S. Okamoto, K. Kawabe, Takeshi Shimogigri
The aim of this study is to characterize some quantitative traits of Noi chicken, one of the Vietnamese famous native breeds for meat quality and fighting, at the stage of 0-28 days old. Therefore, 742 chicks were used to measure, record, analyze and evaluate on these traits. As results, there was significant difference in observation traits among stages of age (P=0.000). Interesting, the wings (+64.88%) and keel lengths (+58.83%) rapidly developed within the first week of life, followed by the most of other dimensions, especially breast diameter (+31.85%), thigh diameter (+71.17%) in the second week of age. An increase in the size of the measurements was due to development of the skeleton at observing time points along the experiment. However, there was strong development of muscle tissue in the second week of life as rate of the breast and thigh diameter was greatest. Noi chicks consumed amount of feed of 16.54 g/bird/day and gained a weight of 6.98 g/bird/day. Thus, their feed conversion ratio was 2.37 at the stage of 0-28 days old. Perhaps a direct positive relationship between observed traits and age were randomly established according biological characteristics of animal. This work provided initial benchmarks of Noi chicks for further studies.
{"title":"Some quantitative genetic traits in Vietnamese indigenous Noi chicken from 0 to 28 days old","authors":"Do Khoa Vo, N. Thi, Nguyen. Thao, N. Thi, S. Okamoto, K. Kawabe, Takeshi Shimogigri","doi":"10.2298/bah1902141k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah1902141k","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to characterize some quantitative traits of Noi\u0000 chicken, one of the Vietnamese famous native breeds for meat quality and\u0000 fighting, at the stage of 0-28 days old. Therefore, 742 chicks were used to\u0000 measure, record, analyze and evaluate on these traits. As results, there was\u0000 significant difference in observation traits among stages of age (P=0.000).\u0000 Interesting, the wings (+64.88%) and keel lengths (+58.83%) rapidly\u0000 developed within the first week of life, followed by the most of other\u0000 dimensions, especially breast diameter (+31.85%), thigh diameter (+71.17%)\u0000 in the second week of age. An increase in the size of the measurements was\u0000 due to development of the skeleton at observing time points along the\u0000 experiment. However, there was strong development of muscle tissue in the\u0000 second week of life as rate of the breast and thigh diameter was greatest.\u0000 Noi chicks consumed amount of feed of 16.54 g/bird/day and gained a weight\u0000 of 6.98 g/bird/day. Thus, their feed conversion ratio was 2.37 at the stage\u0000 of 0-28 days old. Perhaps a direct positive relationship between observed\u0000 traits and age were randomly established according biological\u0000 characteristics of animal. This work provided initial benchmarks of Noi\u0000 chicks for further studies.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133737960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Pavlović, S. Ivanović, M. Petrović, V. Caro-Petrovic, Z. Becskei, M. Savić, Ferenc Csordás
The present study was conducted in 90 sheep and goats flocks from the territory of Vojvodina in the two years period of March 2016 to October 2017, during the grazing season. Tick infestation was deteected in 53.14% of examined animals. The most dominant was Ixodes ricinus (43.91%), followed by Dermacentor marginatus (31.91%), Rhipicephalus bursa (15.22%), R.sanguineus (8.72%), Hyalomma savignyi (3.72%),, Haemaphysalis punctata (3.21%) and D.pictus (2.72%) . The sex ratio of detected tick species showed a higher number of females in four species (I.ricinus, H.punctata, R.sanguineus and D.marginatus), while higher number of males were detected in two species (R.bursa and Hy.savignyi), and an equal number of ticks of the D.pictus. The population dynamics of recorded tick species showed two annual maxima, in spring (April- May) and in autumn (September-October). The considerable interchange between spring and autumn tick populations can be attributed mainly to environmental conditions.
{"title":"Biodiversity of ticks of sheep and goats in semi-intensive farming system in Vojvodina","authors":"I. Pavlović, S. Ivanović, M. Petrović, V. Caro-Petrovic, Z. Becskei, M. Savić, Ferenc Csordás","doi":"10.2298/bah1903267p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/bah1903267p","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted in 90 sheep and goats flocks from the territory of Vojvodina in the two years period of March 2016 to October 2017, during the grazing season. Tick infestation was deteected in 53.14% of examined animals. The most dominant was Ixodes ricinus (43.91%), followed by Dermacentor marginatus (31.91%), Rhipicephalus bursa (15.22%), R.sanguineus (8.72%), Hyalomma savignyi (3.72%),, Haemaphysalis punctata (3.21%) and D.pictus (2.72%) . The sex ratio of detected tick species showed a higher number of females in four species (I.ricinus, H.punctata, R.sanguineus and D.marginatus), while higher number of males were detected in two species (R.bursa and Hy.savignyi), and an equal number of ticks of the D.pictus. The population dynamics of recorded tick species showed two annual maxima, in spring (April- May) and in autumn (September-October). The considerable interchange between spring and autumn tick populations can be attributed mainly to environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":249404,"journal":{"name":"Biotehnologija u stocarstvu","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121364594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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