Arabian Journal of Chemistry最新文献_第3页

Bimetallic FeCo metal–organic framework based cascade reaction system: Enhanced peroxidase activity for antibacterial performance 基于级联反应系统的双金属 FeCo 金属有机框架：增强过氧化物酶活性以提高抗菌性能

IF 5.3 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.106032

Siyuan Zhang , Wenbo Wu , Ya Li , Dongxin Wang , Xiangjun Li , Jisheng Nie , Hong Cui

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), as a peroxidase (POD), can catalyze the conversion of H₂O₂ to reactive oxygen species (ROS) for antibacterial application. To achieve strong antibacterial activity, it is necessary to improve the enzyme-like activity of MOFs. In this study, Fe_xCoMOF was synthesized by incorporating Co(II) to improve the electron transfer of Fe(III)/Fe(II), which enhanced its redox capacity as a nanozyme and further promoted the generation of hydroxyl radical (⋅OH), exhibiting higher POD activity. Doping with different amounts of Co(II) altered the particle size, specific surface area, and surface defects of Fe_xCoMOF, thus exhibiting differential enzyme-like activities. Additionally, a glucose-responsive enzyme cascade reaction system based on Fe₄CoMOF/glucose oxidase (GOx) was established. In the presence of glucose, the in situ-generated substrate H₂O₂ was in contact with the catalytic site and the generated gluconic acid enabled Fe₄CoMOF to maintain maximum enzyme activity under physiological pH conditions, avoiding damage caused by the use of exogenous high concentrations of H₂O₂. In the in vitro antibacterial experiment, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Fe₄CoMOF/GOx was 10 μg mL⁻¹ for Escherichia coli (E. coli) and 5 μg mL⁻¹ for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (∼10⁸ CFU mL⁻¹). The increase in enzyme activity resulted in a considerable reduction in the dose of the antibacterial agent, which was conducive to improving bio-safety. The in vivo experiment in mice demonstrated that the glucose-responsive Fe₄CoMOF-based cascade reaction system had excellent antibacterial properties and remarkably promoted wound healing. The antibacterial agent based on bimetallic MOF developed in this work provides a new idea for cascade catalytic antibacterial therapy and will have remarkable application prospects in biomaterials and nanomedicine.

金属有机框架（MOFs）作为一种过氧化物酶（POD），可以催化 H2O2 向活性氧（ROS）的转化，从而达到抗菌的目的。要实现较强的抗菌活性，就必须提高 MOFs 的类酶活性。本研究通过加入 Co(II) 来改善 Fe(III)/Fe(II) 的电子传递，合成了 FexCoMOF，从而增强了其作为纳米酶的氧化还原能力，并进一步促进了羟基自由基（⋅OH）的生成，表现出更高的 POD 活性。掺入不同量的 Co（II）改变了 FexCoMOF 的粒径、比表面积和表面缺陷，从而表现出不同的酶样活性。此外，还建立了基于 Fe4CoMOF/葡萄糖氧化酶（GOx）的葡萄糖响应酶级联反应系统。在葡萄糖存在的情况下，原位生成的底物 H2O2 与催化位点接触，生成的葡萄糖酸使 Fe4CoMOF 在生理 pH 条件下保持最大的酶活性，避免了使用外源高浓度 H2O2 造成的损害。在体外抗菌实验中，Fe4CoMOF/GOx 对大肠杆菌（E. coli）的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）为 10 μg mL-1，对金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）为 5 μg mL-1（108 CFU mL-1）。酶活性的提高大大减少了抗菌剂的剂量，有利于提高生物安全性。小鼠体内实验表明，基于葡萄糖响应的 Fe4CoMOF 级联反应体系具有优异的抗菌性能，并能显著促进伤口愈合。该研究开发的基于双金属MOF的抗菌剂为级联催化抗菌治疗提供了新思路，在生物材料和纳米医学领域具有广阔的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of dimethachlon metabolites and dissipation behavior, processing factor and risk assessment of dimethachlon in rapeseed 鉴定油菜籽中的二甲克隆代谢物和消散行为、加工因素以及二甲克隆风险评估

IF 5.3 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.106030

Lianhong Mou , Ling Wu , Ling Liu, Yu Xiang, Deyu Hu, Yuping Zhang

Pesticides and their transformation products are found in raw agricultural and processed food products, posing risks to human health. Therefore, a thorough investigation of dimethachlon’s dissipation, metabolites, residue levels in crops, and changes during food processing is essential for an accurate dietary risk assessment. This study identified two metabolites, 4-(3,5-dichloroanilino)-4- oxobutanoic acid (DCBAA) and 3,5-dichloroaniline (3,5-DCA), formed from dimethachlon in crops under field conditions. A precise and sensitive analytical method was developed to detect dimethachlon, DCBAA, and 3,5-DCA in rapeseed pods, seeds, and oil. The half-lives of dimethachlon in rapeseed pods at two sites ranged from 1.61 to 1.67 days. During degradation, the maximum residue levels of DCBAA and 3,5-DCA in rapeseed pods reached 38.59 % and 3.47 % of the initial parent compound concentration, respectively. At harvest (day 10), final dimethachlon residues in rapeseed were 0.11 mg/kg and 0.27 mg/kg. Processing rapeseed into oil through sun-drying and stir-frying reduced dimethachlon residues, with processing factors (PF) of 0.69 and 0.64, respectively. However, pressing the seeds concentrated dimethachlon in the oil, with a PF of 1.92. Notably, DCBAA tended to concentrate during sun-drying but decreased during stir-frying and pressing. Supervised trials indicated that dimethachlon residues in rapeseed posed no long-term dietary risks.

农药及其转化产物存在于未加工的农产品和加工食品中，对人类健康构成风险。因此，彻底调查二甲戊灵的消散、代谢物、农作物中的残留量以及食品加工过程中的变化，对于准确评估膳食风险至关重要。本研究确定了在田间条件下，农作物中的二甲草胺形成的两种代谢物，即 4-（3,5-二氯苯胺基）-4-氧代丁酸（DCBAA）和 3,5-二氯苯胺（3,5-DCA）。研究人员开发了一种精确灵敏的分析方法，用于检测油菜籽荚果、种子和油中的二甲亚龙、DCBAA 和 3,5-DCA 的含量。在两个地点的油菜籽荚中，二甲亚龙的半衰期从 1.61 天到 1.67 天不等。在降解过程中，油菜籽荚中 DCBAA 和 3,5-DCA 的最大残留量分别达到初始母体化合物浓度的 38.59% 和 3.47%。收获时（第 10 天），油菜籽中二甲亚龙的最终残留量分别为 0.11 毫克/千克和 0.27 毫克/千克。通过晒干和炒干将油菜籽加工成油可减少二甲亚龙的残留量，加工系数（PF）分别为 0.69 和 0.64。然而，压榨油菜籽会使油中的二甲亚龙含量增加，加工系数为 1.92。值得注意的是，DCBAA 在晒干过程中有浓缩的趋势，但在翻炒和压榨过程中会减少。监督试验表明，油菜籽中的二甲亚龙残留物不会造成长期的膳食风险。

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引用次数: 0

Organocatalyst as a synthetic gadget for pharmaceutically potent molecules 作为药效分子合成工具的有机催化剂

IF 5.3 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.106027

Labiqa Aman , Shehla Khalid , Nasir Rasool , Almeera Zia , Muhammad Imran , Marius Irimie , Codrut Ioan Ciurea

Organocatalysts have become a third main method of catalyzing chemical reactions aside from bio and metal catalysts. The potential for green chemistry and some striking benefits, including stability, low cost, easy availability, excellent enantioselectivity, and simple recovery, have made organocatalyzed reactions a fruitful approach. Recent developments in the field of organocatalysis include the enhancement of enantioselectivity, the development of novel catalyst classes such as NHCs, and dual catalysis, which combines organo- with metal or photocatalysis to enable novel reactivity. This review focuses on organocatalyzed chemical synthesis of pharmacophores such as benzoxazinones, pyrrolidines, triazoles, pyrazolinones, tricyclic coumarins, (+)-paroxetine, and (+)-femoxetine. The review has been outlined into six categories i.e. Lewis base catalysts, Lewis acid catalysts, Bronsted base catalysts, Bronsted acid catalysts, bifunctional catalysts, and organo-photocatalysts. Less reusability due to catalyst deactivation demands higher catalytic loading. Thus scalability in this field is still challenging. Moreover, achieving higher catalytic efficiency needs future efforts.

除生物催化剂和金属催化剂外，有机催化剂已成为催化化学反应的第三种主要方法。有机催化剂具有绿色化学的潜力和一些显著的优点，包括稳定性、低成本、易得性、优异的对映选择性和简单的回收，这些都使有机催化反应成为一种富有成效的方法。有机催化领域的最新发展包括提高对映体选择性、开发新型催化剂类别（如 NHCs）以及双重催化（将有机催化与金属催化或光催化相结合以实现新型反应）。本综述侧重于苯并恶嗪酮类、吡咯烷类、三唑类、吡唑啉酮类、三环香豆素类、(+)-帕罗西汀和(+)-非莫西汀等药原的有机催化化学合成。综述分为六类，即路易斯碱催化剂、路易斯酸催化剂、布郎斯泰德碱催化剂、布郎斯泰德酸催化剂、双官能催化剂和有机光催化剂。由于催化剂失活导致重复利用率较低，因此需要较高的催化负载。因此，该领域的可扩展性仍具有挑战性。此外，实现更高的催化效率还需要未来的努力。

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引用次数: 0

Green chemistry-based synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and their anticancer properties against cervical cancer 基于绿色化学的烟草金纳米粒子合成及其对宫颈癌的抗癌作用

IF 5.3 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.106029

Xiaorong Yang , Yin Bao , Xia Zhou , Hong Zhu , Jun Gao

Although various strategies have been reported for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for possible anticancer effects, green synthesis can be considered an efficient strategy for the production of efficient NPs with minimal toxic effects. In this study, we investigate the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using an aqueous leaf extract of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and evaluated their protein/DNA binding, hemolysis characteristics, and anticancer properties against HeLa cervical cancer cells, while normal HUVECs were used as the control sample. Different techniques were utilized to characterize the development of AuNPs. Then, the interaction properties of biosynthesized AuNPs with HeLa cancer cells and HUVECs were assessed by cellular assays. The results showed that the Au nanosphere had an average particle size of 18 nm with four distinctive X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks at 38.00°, 44.10°, 63.75° and 77.10°. Moreover, the UV–Vis spectrum showed a maximum absorption peak at about 538 nm, corresponding to the surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) characteristics of the AuNPs. Furthermore, an observed Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) peak at about 769 cm⁻¹ was attributed to the AuO stretching vibration. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis also showed that the maximum size and zeta potential values for colloid AuNPs were 68.69 nm and −47.92 mV, respectively. Then, it was detected that after incubation of maximum % solution of AuNPs, 0.1, % BSA and %DNA binding values were 58.76 % and 32.15 %, respectively. It was also determined that following incubation of red blood cells (RBC) with maximum concentrations of AuNPs, 20 μM, the hemolysis value was 2.29 %. Cellular assays showed that the IC₅₀ value of AuNPs was 1.53 μM in HeLa cells, whereas this value for HUVEC normal cells was 30.55 μM. It was also shown that incubation of cells with AuNPs for 24 h led to a higher upregulation in the levels of released Cytc. C, caspase-9, and caspase-3 in HeLa cancer cells compared with HUVECs. Then, it was determined that stimulation of ROS generation and subsequent apoptosis, upregulation of Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-9, and caspase-3 mRNA, induced by AuNPs can be reversed by pretreatment of cells with NAC, a potential antioxidant. Finally, it was demonstrated that although the exposure of HeLa cells to AuNPs after 24 h caused a significant reduction in cell viability mediated by apoptosis, pre-treatment of cells with caspase-9 and caspase-3 inhibitors, significantly mitigated apoptosis induction and recovered cell viability. In conclusion, this paper might provide useful information about the medicinal purposes enabled by AuNPs.

尽管已有多种合成金纳米粒子（AuNPs）以达到抗癌效果的报道，但绿色合成被认为是生产毒性最小的高效金纳米粒子的有效策略。在本研究中，我们研究了利用烟叶水提取物绿色合成金纳米粒子（AuNPs）的方法，并评估了其蛋白质/DNA 结合力、溶血特性以及对 HeLa 宫颈癌细胞的抗癌特性，同时将正常 HUVECs 作为对照样本。利用不同的技术对 AuNPs 的开发进行了表征。然后，通过细胞实验评估了生物合成的 AuNPs 与 HeLa 癌细胞和 HUVEC 的相互作用特性。结果表明，金纳米球的平均粒径为 18 纳米，在 38.00°、44.10°、63.75° 和 77.10°有四个明显的 X 射线衍射（XRD）峰。此外，紫外可见光谱在约 538 纳米处显示出最大吸收峰，这与 AuNPs 的表面等离子共振（SPR）特性相对应。此外，在约 769 cm-1 处观察到的傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）峰归因于 AuO 拉伸振动。动态光散射（DLS）分析也表明，胶体 AuNPs 的最大尺寸和 zeta 电位值分别为 68.69 nm 和 -47.92 mV。然后，研究人员检测到，在最大 AuNPs 溶液浓度为 0.1 的培养液中，BSA 结合率和 DNA 结合率分别为 58.76% 和 32.15%。此外还测定了红细胞（RBC）与最大浓度为 20 μM 的 AuNPs 培养后的溶血值为 2.29%。细胞测定显示，AuNPs 对 HeLa 细胞的 IC50 值为 1.53 μM，而对 HUVEC 正常细胞的 IC50 值为 30.55 μM。研究还表明，将细胞与 AuNPs 培养 24 小时会导致释放的 Cytc.C、caspase-9 和 caspase-3 水平的上调。然后，研究人员确定，AuNPs 诱导的 ROS 生成刺激和随后的细胞凋亡、Bax/Bcl-2、caspase-9 和 caspase-3 mRNA 的上调可通过使用潜在的抗氧化剂 NAC 对细胞进行预处理而逆转。最后，研究表明，虽然 HeLa 细胞暴露于 AuNPs 24 小时后会因细胞凋亡而导致细胞存活率显著下降，但使用 caspase-9 和 caspase-3 抑制剂预处理细胞可显著减轻细胞凋亡诱导，恢复细胞存活率。总之，本文可为 AuNPs 的药物用途提供有用信息。

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引用次数: 0

Electrochemical sensing of gatifloxacin using Ag2S/RGO nanocomposite 使用 Ag2S/RGO 纳米复合材料对加替沙星进行电化学传感

IF 5.3 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.106031

Chunxia Yao , Ying Liang , Sai Huang , Chengbin Liu , Wei Song , Weiguo Song

As a widely-used fluoroquinolone antibiotics, 1-Cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-7-(3-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid (gatifloxacin, GAT) has aroused much concern recently and it is of great importance to realize the accurate and efficient detection. Herein, the silver sulfide/reduced graphene oxide composite (Ag₂S/RGO) was synthesized with one-pot method and was coated on the glassy carbon electrode to develop an effective electrochemical sensor for GAT. After the optimization of the size of Ag₂S, the pH of buffer solution, and the scanning rate, the Ag₂S/RGO modified electrode exhibits good linear relationship to GAT within wide ranges of 0.2 µM − 20 µM and 20 µM − 250 µM with a detection limit of 0.0667 µM. Besides, the proposed sensor shows good selectivity to GAT versus multiple interferences, including organic compounds, ions, and other antibiotics. At last, the proposed sensor was successfully applied in the GAT analysis in various real samples (including shrimp, fish, and chicken) with satisfying recoveries of 91.8 % − 102.4 %. In general, the proposed Ag₂S/RGO-based electrochemical sensor provides a novel strategy for the GAT analysis, which is of significance for the development of efficient analytical techniques for antibiotics.

作为一种广泛使用的氟喹诺酮类抗生素，1-环丙基-6-氟-8-甲氧基-7-(3-甲基-1-哌嗪基)-4-氧代-1,4-二氢-3-喹啉羧酸（加替沙星，GAT）近年来备受关注，实现其准确高效的检测具有重要意义。本文采用一锅法合成了硫化银/还原氧化石墨烯复合材料（Ag2S/RGO），并将其涂覆在玻璃碳电极上，开发了一种有效的 GAT 电化学传感器。在对 Ag2S 的尺寸、缓冲溶液的 pH 值和扫描速率进行优化后，Ag2S/RGO 修饰电极在 0.2 µM - 20 µM 和 20 µM - 250 µM 的宽范围内与 GAT 呈良好的线性关系，检测限为 0.0667 µM。此外，该传感器对多种干扰（包括有机化合物、离子和其他抗生素）具有良好的选择性。最后，该传感器被成功应用于各种实际样品（包括虾、鱼和鸡肉）中的 GAT 分析，回收率达到 91.8% - 102.4%。总之，所提出的基于 Ag2S/RGO 的电化学传感器为 GAT 分析提供了一种新策略，对开发高效的抗生素分析技术具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Hansen parameters and GastroPlus assisted optimized topical elastic liposomes to treat breast cancer using a novel isatin derivative 利用新型异汀衍生物治疗乳腺癌的汉森参数和 GastroPlus 辅助优化局部弹性脂质体

IF 5.3 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.106028

Mohammad A. Altamimi , Afzal Hussain , Mohammed M. Alanazi , Dhafer Alotaibi , Saeed Ali Syed , Ahmed Bari

Breast cancer treatment is a global health challenge using conventional toxic chemotherapeutic agents. A novel isatin could be a promising alternative. An isatin derivative (TM-19) was synthesized and characterized using NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). HSPiP and GastroPlus predictive software were used to predict suitable solvents for solubility and in vivo oral pharmacokinetics in humans (fasted condition), respectively. Based on predictive findings, topical elastic liposomes (phosphatidylcholine as PC and span 80 by film hydration method) was prepared, characterized, and optimized using QbD (quality by design). QbD identified the impact of composition on response variables (Y₁ for size, Y₂ for polydispersity index, Y₃ for zeta potential, and Y₄ for %EE). In vitro cytotoxicity study was carried out against MCF-7 cell lines. Low molecular weight and lipophilic TM-19 was crystalline in nature (255 g/mol). GastroPlus program predicted limited in vivo dissolution and poor oral absorption (10.4 %). Results confirmed the highest TM-19 solubility in DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) ˃ chloroform ˃ PEG 400 (polyethylene glycol 400). Considering experimental and predicted data, topical delivery of TM-19 using optimized (desirability parameter value = 0.97) elastic liposomes (TF1) was quite promising due to optimal size (344 nm), high %EE (61.7 %), low PDI (0.45), and optimal zeta potential (− 12.34 mV). TM-19 loaded TF1 elicited concentration dependent cytotoxic effect (˃ 90 % at 10 µM) against MCF-7 as compared to TM-19 suspension.

使用传统的有毒化疗药物治疗乳腺癌是一项全球性的健康挑战。新型异靛红可能是一种有前途的替代品。我们合成了一种isatin衍生物（TM-19），并使用核磁共振（NMR）、质谱分析、傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）对其进行了表征。HSPiP 和 GastroPlus 预测软件分别用于预测合适的溶剂在人体（空腹状态）中的溶解度和体内口服药代动力学。根据预测结果，采用 QbD（质量源于设计）方法制备、表征和优化了局部弹性脂质体（磷脂酰胆碱作为 PC，span 80 采用薄膜水合法）。QbD 确定了组成对响应变量的影响（Y1 为大小，Y2 为多分散指数，Y3 为 zeta 电位，Y4 为 %EE）。对 MCF-7 细胞系进行了体外细胞毒性研究。低分子量、亲油的 TM-19 呈晶体状（255 克/摩尔）。GastroPlus 程序预测其体内溶解度有限，口服吸收率低（10.4%）。结果证实，TM-19 在 DMSO（二甲基亚砜）˃ 氯仿 ˃ PEG 400（聚乙二醇 400）中的溶解度最高。考虑到实验数据和预测数据，使用优化的（可取参数值 = 0.97）弹性脂质体（TF1）局部给药 TM-19，由于其具有最佳尺寸（344 nm）、高 %EE（61.7 %）、低 PDI（0.45）和最佳 zeta 电位（- 12.34 mV），因此前景非常广阔。与 TM-19 悬浮液相比，TM-19 负载的 TF1 对 MCF-7 具有浓度依赖性细胞毒性作用（10 µM 时为 90%）。

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引用次数: 0

In-depth review of synthesis of hydroxyapatite biomaterials from natural resources and chemical regents for biomedical applications 利用自然资源和化学试剂合成羟基磷灰石生物材料用于生物医学的深入研究

IF 5.3 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.106010

Precious Osayamen Etinosa , Obinna Anayo Osuchukwu , Emeka Obiora Anisiji , Mohammed Y. Lawal , Sikiru Adepoju Mohammed , Opeyemi Isaac Ibitoye , Peter Gbenga Oni , Victor D. Aderibigbe , Toyin Aina , Damilola Oyebode , Solomon C. Nwigbo

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a popular ceramic biomaterial, which has extensively been employed in numerous biomedical applications. It has drawn the attention of scientists primarily owing to its properties similar to the bones and teeth of human beings. Due to its organic similarity, HAp has exceptional biocompatibility and can activate osteoconduction and osteoinduction occurrence. Hence, HAp has been used in a broad collection of healing applications extending from common dental implant, and bioactive coatings on grafts to purposefully premeditated drug delivery methods, and even for tissue engineering (TE) applications. The production method is essential in controlling the physicochemical properties of HAp, which in turn affects its mechanical and biological properties. The anticipated physiognomies of HAp can be accomplished using a suitable technique of production and sources. This in-depth review discussed the various natural sources of HAp, and synthesis techniques for producing HAp, alongside their advantages and disadvantages, applications, and essentials of HAp for therapeutic applications. From the review, it was found that the sol–gel route is preferred over other routes because of its even molecular mixing, high purity of products, low production temperature, and ability to synthesize nanosized particles of HAp. As a result, it is provisional that upon the cautious blend of key considerations such as sources, synthesis technique, and production parameters for the manufacture of natural HAp (NHAp), mechanical properties can be improved and the product can be employed as a drug delivery system. These are important extents for the prospect of the research.

羟基磷灰石（HAp）是一种流行的陶瓷生物材料，已被广泛应用于多种生物医学领域。它之所以受到科学家的关注，主要是因为它具有与人类骨骼和牙齿相似的特性。由于其有机相似性，HAp 具有优异的生物相容性，并能激活骨诱导和骨诱导作用。因此，HAp 已被广泛用于各种愈合应用中，从普通的牙科植入物、移植物上的生物活性涂层到有目的的预设给药方法，甚至是组织工程（TE）应用。生产方法对于控制 HAp 的物理化学特性至关重要，而物理化学特性反过来又会影响其机械和生物特性。采用合适的生产技术和来源可以实现预期的 HAp 物理特性。本综述深入探讨了 HAp 的各种天然来源和生产 HAp 的合成技术，以及它们的优缺点、应用和 HAp 的治疗应用要点。综述发现，溶胶-凝胶法具有分子混合均匀、产品纯度高、生产温度低、可合成纳米级 HAp 颗粒等优点，因此比其他方法更受青睐。因此，在对天然 HAp（NHAp）的来源、合成技术和生产参数等关键因素进行谨慎混合后，可以改善产品的机械性能，并将其用作给药系统。这些都是研究前景的重要方面。

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引用次数: 0

In vivo wound healing activity of electrospun nanofibers embedding natural products 嵌入天然产品的电纺纳米纤维的体内伤口愈合活性

IF 5.3 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.106019

Breno de Almeida Bertassoni , Denise de Abreu Garófalo , Mariana Sato de Souza Bustamante Monteiro , Ralph Santos-Oliveira , Anne Caroline Candido Gomes , Anna Lecticia Martinez Martinez Toledo , Marcos Lopes Dias , Naomi Kato Simas , Eduardo Ricci-Junior

Nanofibers are threads at the nanometric scale. Electrospinning is a technique that uses electric fields as the driving force to produce fibers ranging from nanometers to micrometers. Membranes based on polymeric nanofibers obtained through electrospinning possess an excellent capacity to carry drugs and natural active components, promoting skin healing and regeneration in various ways. Natural products derived from plants have gained attention in recent decades due to their accessibility, good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and incorporation into nanofibers. These products can influence multiple stages of the healing process and exhibit antimicrobial activity, thereby preventing and combating infections. Consequently, the combination of natural products and nanofibers presents a promising approach to infection prevention and skin wound healing. In this context, the current paper presents a systematic literature review of studies conducted from 2011 to 2024. It focuses on articles concerning the production of nanofibers via electrospinning that embed active components of natural origin, specifically those that performed in vivo tests to assess wound healing potential. A total of 26 articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in terms of production and characterization of the electrospun membranes using in vitro and in vivo tests. Most studies employed a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with another polymer, utilized plant extracts like Malva sylvestris as active components, and performed in vitro tests using fibroblasts. Antimicrobial tests were conducted against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, while male Wistar rats were used in excision/incision wound models for in vivo tests. The results indicate that natural products influence the properties of the scaffolds in different ways, such as increasing fiber diameter and mechanical strength, and may also accelerate wound healing.

纳米纤维是纳米尺度的线。电纺丝是一种以电场为驱动力生产纳米到微米纤维的技术。通过电纺丝技术获得的基于聚合物纳米纤维的薄膜具有出色的承载药物和天然活性成分的能力，能以各种方式促进皮肤愈合和再生。近几十年来，从植物中提取的天然产品因其易得性、良好的生物相容性、生物可降解性以及可融入纳米纤维而备受关注。这些产品可以影响愈合过程的多个阶段，并具有抗菌活性，从而预防和抗击感染。因此，天然产品与纳米纤维的结合为预防感染和皮肤伤口愈合提供了一种前景广阔的方法。在此背景下，本文对 2011 年至 2024 年期间进行的研究进行了系统的文献综述。本文重点研究了通过电纺丝技术生产纳米纤维并嵌入天然活性成分的相关文章，特别是那些进行体内测试以评估伤口愈合潜力的文章。共有 26 篇文章符合纳入标准，并通过体外和体内测试对电纺丝膜的生产和特性进行了分析。大多数研究采用了聚乙烯醇（PVA）与另一种聚合物的混合物，利用锦葵等植物提取物作为活性成分，并使用成纤维细胞进行了体外测试。对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌进行了抗菌测试，并使用雄性 Wistar 大鼠的切除/切口伤口模型进行了体内测试。结果表明，天然产品会以不同的方式影响支架的特性，如增加纤维直径和机械强度，还可能加速伤口愈合。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of micropatterning with nanowire-based microcavity array on bacterial enrichment and selective distribution 用纳米线微腔阵列进行微图案化对细菌富集和选择性分布的影响

IF 5.3 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.106013

Yifan Wang , Yuting Huang , Hui Che , Biaowen Wei , Liyuan Zheng

The micro-patterned topography can affect bacterial enrichment and selective distribution by modifying the characteristics of material surface. In this study, we fabricated microcavity patterned silicon surfaces, and quantitatively explored the amount and distribution of Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells attached on a series of defined topographies. The results showed that E. coli cells enrichment was significantly increased on silicon nanowires-based microcavity array when compared to nanowires patterned silicon wafer. Furthermore, the microcavity diameter can control bacterial distribution by changing hydrophilic performance of interface. With the microcavity diameter of 7 µm, the cells colonized into the microcavity almost in its entirety, whilst distributed around the microcavity completely with 10 µm diameter, regardless of centre distances. This phenomenon can be explained by the Cassie-Baxter model equation according to the wettability. The distribution of bacterial enrichment changed with the silicon surfaces turning from non-wetting status to wetting status when treated with oxygen plasma to modify the hydrophobicity. These results demonstrated that microcavity patterned surface could favor bacterial enrichment on silicon and strictly confined bacterial distribution inside/outside the microcavity. Moreover, the nanowires inside microcavity can also increase electron conductivity and reduce the internal resistance, thus providing scientific evidence for the design of wearable microbial fuel cell with rational optimization and integration of different components for electronic skin.

微图案形貌可以通过改变材料表面的特性来影响细菌的富集和选择性分布。在这项研究中，我们制作了微腔图案化硅表面，并定量研究了大肠杆菌（E. coli）细胞在一系列确定拓扑结构上的附着量和分布情况。结果表明，与纳米线图案硅片相比，基于硅纳米线的微腔阵列上的大肠杆菌细胞富集率明显提高。此外，微腔直径可通过改变界面的亲水性能来控制细菌分布。微腔直径为 7 微米时，细胞几乎全部定殖到微腔中，而直径为 10 微米时，无论中心距离如何，细胞都完全分布在微腔周围。卡西-巴克斯特模型方程可以根据润湿性解释这一现象。当使用氧等离子体改变疏水性时，随着硅表面从非润湿状态变为润湿状态，细菌富集的分布也发生了变化。这些结果表明，微腔图案化表面有利于细菌在硅表面富集，并严格限制细菌在微腔内外的分布。此外，微腔内的纳米线还能增加电子传导性并降低内阻，从而为设计合理优化和整合电子皮肤不同组件的可穿戴微生物燃料电池提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Phytochemical composition and anticancer effect of Akebia trifoliata seed in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells 三叶金雀花种子的植物化学成分和对非小细胞肺癌 A549 细胞的抗癌作用

IF 5.3 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Arabian Journal of Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.106020

Yuanquan Ran , Lanlan Yang , Xiaoyan Jia , Huan Zhao , Qiong Hu , Bing Yang , Dongxin Tang , Minyi Tian

Background

Akebia trifoliata is a widely distributed medicine and food homology plant. Its fruit is used to treat tumors and the seed’s weight proportion exceeds 50%. However, the anti-tumor effect of A. trifoliata seed remains poorly studied.

Methods

UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS was used to identify the chemical components of A. trifoliata seed water extract (WE) and ethanolic extract (EE), and their cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT assay. Further, colony formation and cell cycle assays examined the anti-proliferative effect of A. trifoliata seed EE. Next, morphology observation, AO/EB staining, Hoechst 33,258 staining, Annexin V-PE/7-AAD staining, and JC-1 assays were employed to detect apoptosis. The influence of A. trifoliata seed EE on A549 cell metastasis was assessed by wound healing and transwell invasion tests. In addition, western blotting and network pharmacology were applied to further analyze its anticancer mechanism.

Results

Eighty-two components were characterized from the A. trifoliata seed WE and EE. For anticancer activity, A. trifoliata seed EE exhibited high cytotoxicity against cancer cells A549 (IC₅₀: 52.38 ± 1.04 μg/mL) and NCI-H1299 (IC₅₀: 70.29 ± 0.58 μg/mL) and revealed low cytotoxicity against non-cancer cells MRC-5 (IC₅₀: 101.28 ± 2.84 μg/mL) and L929 (IC₅₀: 113.44 ± 0.55 μg/mL). A. trifoliata seed EE suppressed A549 cell proliferation by inducing S-phase arrest via down-regulation of CDK2 and p21 as well as up-regulation of cyclin E1 and E2. It increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), activated caspase-9 and caspase-3, cleaved PARP, and triggered apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. Besides, it repressed migratory and invasive ability by reducing MMP-2, MMP-9, and N-cadherin levels.

Conclusion

A. trifoliata seed EE exhibits outstanding anticancer properties and has the exploitation potential as an anticancer drug in the pharmaceutical industry.

背景Akebia trifoliata是一种分布广泛的药食同源植物。其果实可用于治疗肿瘤，种子的重量比例超过 50%。方法采用UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS鉴定三叶金雀花种子水提取物（WE）和乙醇提取物（EE）的化学成分，并采用MTT法评估其细胞毒性。此外，菌落形成和细胞周期试验也检验了三叶青种子乙醇提取物的抗增殖作用。然后，采用形态学观察、AO/EB 染色、Hoechst 33,258 染色、Annexin V-PE/7-AAD 染色和 JC-1 试验来检测细胞凋亡。三叶青种子 EE 对 A549 细胞转移的影响通过伤口愈合和跨孔侵袭试验进行评估。结果表征了A. trifoliata种子WE和EE中的两种成分。在抗癌活性方面，A. trifoliata种子EE对癌细胞A549（IC50：52.38 ± 1.04 μg/mL）和NCI-H1299（IC50：70.29 ± 0.58 μg/mL）表现出较高的细胞毒性，而对非癌细胞MRC-5（IC50：101.28 ± 2.84 μg/mL）和L929（IC50：113.44 ± 0.55 μg/mL）则表现出较低的细胞毒性。A. trifoliata种子EE通过下调CDK2和p21以及上调细胞周期蛋白E1和E2，诱导S期停滞，从而抑制A549细胞增殖。它提高了 Bax/Bcl-2 比率，降低了线粒体膜电位（ΔΨm），激活了 caspase-9 和 caspase-3，裂解了 PARP，通过线粒体途径引发细胞凋亡。结论A. trifoliata 种子 EE 表现出卓越的抗癌特性，具有作为抗癌药物在制药业开发的潜力。

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引用次数: 0