Ogidan Omotosho A, Oluwasemire K, Olukunle A, Adesida Oluatosin A, Ekaun A Alvin
The study investigates the effect of water stress at different phenological stages on tomato growth and yield. Tomato is a vital vegetable crop in Nigeria, and water scarcity poses challenges to its productivity. The study was carried out in a screen house, water was applied daily with 100% potential evapotranspiration rate except during the ten days water stress applied at every phenological stage. The parameters assessed include number of leaves, plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), and root and shoot dry weights (g), in addition, the water use efficiency. The results were subjected to Analysis of Variance and the means were compared using Least Significant Difference at 5% level of significance. The results show that there was no significant difference (p≥0.05) in the water use efficiency of the tomato plants subjected to water stress at the phenological stages. Notably, the study highlights that the vegetative stage is particularly sensitive to water stress, leading to reduced shoot dry weight and compromised overall biomass. Similarly, water stress during the flowering stage diminishes root dry weight. However, the fruiting stage exhibits relatively better yields under water stress than other stages. The findings emphasize the importance of effective irrigation management, particularly during the vegetative phase, to promote optimal plant development. Moreover, the research underscores the significance of providing adequate water during reproductive phases to enhance fruit production and overall plant performance.
{"title":"Growth And Yield Of Tomato As Influenced By Water Stress At Different Phenological Stages","authors":"Ogidan Omotosho A, Oluwasemire K, Olukunle A, Adesida Oluatosin A, Ekaun A Alvin","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v23i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v23i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigates the effect of water stress at different phenological stages on tomato growth and yield. Tomato is a vital vegetable crop in Nigeria, and water scarcity poses challenges to its productivity. The study was carried out in a screen house, water was applied daily with 100% potential evapotranspiration rate except during the ten days water stress applied at every phenological stage. The parameters assessed include number of leaves, plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), and root and shoot dry weights (g), in addition, the water use efficiency. The results were subjected to Analysis of Variance and the means were compared using Least Significant Difference at 5% level of significance. The results show that there was no significant difference (p≥0.05) in the water use efficiency of the tomato plants subjected to water stress at the phenological stages. Notably, the study highlights that the vegetative stage is particularly sensitive to water stress, leading to reduced shoot dry weight and compromised overall biomass. Similarly, water stress during the flowering stage diminishes root dry weight. However, the fruiting stage exhibits relatively better yields under water stress than other stages. The findings emphasize the importance of effective irrigation management, particularly during the vegetative phase, to promote optimal plant development. Moreover, the research underscores the significance of providing adequate water during reproductive phases to enhance fruit production and overall plant performance. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140243135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pedological characterization of soils derived from sandstone in Effraya - Etung Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria was studied with the view to suggesting appropriate management strategies. Three representative profile pits were dug in the summit, middle slope and valley bottom positions and the location of each profile was recorded with the aid of German Etrax 2000 GPS meter. The profile pits were described according to Soil Survey Staff. The soils were well drained in the summit and middle slope to poorly drained at the valley bottom and the soil color varied from very dark grayish brown to dark brown and also from yellowish brown to dark yellowish brown within the different horizons. Mean values of 65%, 23% and 12% were obtained in the surface soils for sand, silt and clay respectively while the textural class ranged from loamy sand to sandy loam in the surface and predominantly sandy clay loam in the subsurface soils. Bulk density and particle density had mean values of 1.2g/cm3 and 2.45g/cm3 with total porosity mean value of 48.5% for surface soils respectively. The strongly acidic soils were low in total nitrogen, organic carbon, available phosphorus, and exchangeable bases. CEC in the soils was moderately high with low ECEC while base saturation was below 50%. These results show that the soils are low in fertility and thus will require management practices such as liming, mulching, return of crop residues, and also planting of acid tolerant crops may be recommended for improved crop production.
{"title":"Characterization Of Soils Derived From Sandstone In Effraya - Etung Local Government Area Of Cross River State, Nigeria","authors":"E. Aki, Elijah Edet","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v23i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v23i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Pedological characterization of soils derived from sandstone in Effraya - Etung Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria was studied with the view to suggesting appropriate management strategies. Three representative profile pits were dug in the summit, middle slope and valley bottom positions and the location of each profile was recorded with the aid of German Etrax 2000 GPS meter. The profile pits were described according to Soil Survey Staff. The soils were well drained in the summit and middle slope to poorly drained at the valley bottom and the soil color varied from very dark grayish brown to dark brown and also from yellowish brown to dark yellowish brown within the different horizons. Mean values of 65%, 23% and 12% were obtained in the surface soils for sand, silt and clay respectively while the textural class ranged from loamy sand to sandy loam in the surface and predominantly sandy clay loam in the subsurface soils. Bulk density and particle density had mean values of 1.2g/cm3 and 2.45g/cm3 with total porosity mean value of 48.5% for surface soils respectively. The strongly acidic soils were low in total nitrogen, organic carbon, available phosphorus, and exchangeable bases. CEC in the soils was moderately high with low ECEC while base saturation was below 50%. These results show that the soils are low in fertility and thus will require management practices such as liming, mulching, return of crop residues, and also planting of acid tolerant crops may be recommended for improved crop production. \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140241606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Falana A R, O. O O, Ojo Fakuade F, Ojekunle O O, Aigbokhan O J, Adeoye A S, A. F T
Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) contribute to poverty alleviation through generation of income, provision of food and improved nutrition, medicine and foreign exchange earnings to the growth and economy of the Country as rural households in Nigeria derived up to 80% of their incomes from their sales. This study aimed at assessing Non-timber forest products as a source of household income by identifying the types of non-timber forest product, examined their perceived benefits, and identified the constraints facing effective utilization in Ido local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected with the use of 150 structured questionnaires. Twenty-five (25) NTFPs were identified and bush meat was the predominant product in the study area. The identified Non-Timber Forest products were readily available in both dry and rainy seasons; they are obtained on a weekly basis majorly in farmlands and free area, free of charge while few NTFPs require a fee of between N200 and N6,500 before they could be collected. The rural households in Ido local government utilize the non-timber forest products majorly as source of food and they are faced by inadequate finance and lack of capital as major constraints for their effective utilization. Lastly, household size has a significant impact on the contribution of Non-Timber Forest products to the residents of Ido local government area. The Non-Timber Forest Products are the main sources of household income which contributed 80% to the total household income for sales; bush meat contributed the largest proportion of the total NTFPs income (94.7%) and firewood (91.3%) which is their main source of energy. These resources play a key role in the livelihood of the respondents through income generation which guarantees economic sustenance and food security, as well as remedy for healthcare challenges due to the therapeutic value found in some NTFPs. It is therefore safe to say that NTFPs are blessings to the rural population and as such should be exploited sustainably so that generations to come would benefit from these multi-purpose natural resources.
{"title":"Assessment of non-timber forest products (ntfps) as a source of rural household income in ido local government, oyo state nigeria","authors":"Falana A R, O. O O, Ojo Fakuade F, Ojekunle O O, Aigbokhan O J, Adeoye A S, A. F T","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v22i1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v22i1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) contribute to poverty alleviation through generation of income, provision of food and improved nutrition, medicine and foreign exchange earnings to the growth and economy of the Country as rural households in Nigeria derived up to 80% of their incomes from their sales. This study aimed at assessing Non-timber forest products as a source of household income by identifying the types of non-timber forest product, examined their perceived benefits, and identified the constraints facing effective utilization in Ido local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected with the use of 150 structured questionnaires. Twenty-five (25) NTFPs were identified and bush meat was the predominant product in the study area. The identified Non-Timber Forest products were readily available in both dry and rainy seasons; they are obtained on a weekly basis majorly in farmlands and free area, free of charge while few NTFPs require a fee of between N200 and N6,500 before they could be collected. The rural households in Ido local government utilize the non-timber forest products majorly as source of food and they are faced by inadequate finance and lack of capital as major constraints for their effective utilization. Lastly, household size has a significant impact on the contribution of Non-Timber Forest products to the residents of Ido local government area. The Non-Timber Forest Products are the main sources of household income which contributed 80% to the total household income for sales; bush meat contributed the largest proportion of the total NTFPs income (94.7%) and firewood (91.3%) which is their main source of energy. These resources play a key role in the livelihood of the respondents through income generation which guarantees economic sustenance and food security, as well as remedy for healthcare challenges due to the therapeutic value found in some NTFPs. It is therefore safe to say that NTFPs are blessings to the rural population and as such should be exploited sustainably so that generations to come would benefit from these multi-purpose natural resources. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116115323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined the growth performance, carcass and blood characteristics of broiler chickens fed sand box seed meal - based diets supplemented with or without enzyme (Allzyme®Vegpro5X). A total of 240 unsexed day - old broiler chicks were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments in a completely randomized design experiment. There were four replicates of 20 birds each. The three experimental diets were formulated such that the control diet (T1) had neither sand box seed meal nor enzyme, while soybean meal was replaced with sand box seed meal (100%) without enzyme (T2) and soybean bean meal replaced with sand box seed meal (SBSM) supplemented with enzyme (1g/kg of feed) (T3) for both starter and finisher diets. Performance parameters were monitored during the feeding trial. Results at the starter phase showed significant (p<0.05) differences in feed intake. At the finisher phase feed intake values showed non-significant (p>0.05) differences. The final live weight (FLW), daily weight gain (DWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) all tended to significantly (p<0.05) increase in birds fed control diets. Nutrient retention values for all the parameters were significantly (p<0.05) lower with birds on SBSM - based diet without enzyme, while those of the control and SBSM - based diets with enzyme were numerically similar and significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of birds on SBSM - based diets without enzyme. The cost of feed per Kg live weight gain (N) was lower for birds on SBSM - based diet supplemented with enzyme. Result of haematological parameters were significantly different (p<0.05) across dietary treatments for white blood cell counts (WBCs), lymphocytes, red blood cell counts (RBCs), haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH). Furthermore, all serum biochemical indices except total protein and bicarbonates showed significant (p<0.05) differences between dietary treatments. This study concluded that it is cheaper to produce one kilogram of broiler birds by replacing soybean meal with sand box seed meal supplemented with Allzyme®Vegpro5X without any adverse effects on the growth performance, carcass quality, nutrient retention and blood characteristics of broiler chickens.
{"title":"Response of broiler chickens to sand box seed meal based - diets supplemented with or without enzyme","authors":"Archibong E E, Nsa E E, O. P. O., Izuki E D","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v22i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v22i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the growth performance, carcass and blood characteristics of broiler chickens fed sand box seed meal - based diets supplemented with or without enzyme (Allzyme®Vegpro5X). A total of 240 unsexed day - old broiler chicks were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments in a completely randomized design experiment. There were four replicates of 20 birds each. The three experimental diets were formulated such that the control diet (T1) had neither sand box seed meal nor enzyme, while soybean meal was replaced with sand box seed meal (100%) without enzyme (T2) and soybean bean meal replaced with sand box seed meal (SBSM) supplemented with enzyme (1g/kg of feed) (T3) for both starter and finisher diets. Performance parameters were monitored during the feeding trial. Results at the starter phase showed significant (p<0.05) differences in feed intake. At the finisher phase feed intake values showed non-significant (p>0.05) differences. The final live weight (FLW), daily weight gain (DWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) all tended to significantly (p<0.05) increase in birds fed control diets. Nutrient retention values for all the parameters were significantly (p<0.05) lower with birds on SBSM - based diet without enzyme, while those of the control and SBSM - based diets with enzyme were numerically similar and significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of birds on SBSM - based diets without enzyme. The cost of feed per Kg live weight gain (N) was lower for birds on SBSM - based diet supplemented with enzyme. Result of haematological parameters were significantly different (p<0.05) across dietary treatments for white blood cell counts (WBCs), lymphocytes, red blood cell counts (RBCs), haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH). Furthermore, all serum biochemical indices except total protein and bicarbonates showed significant (p<0.05) differences between dietary treatments. This study concluded that it is cheaper to produce one kilogram of broiler birds by replacing soybean meal with sand box seed meal supplemented with Allzyme®Vegpro5X without any adverse effects on the growth performance, carcass quality, nutrient retention and blood characteristics of broiler chickens.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122575641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An Experiment was conducted from December, 2021 to April, 2022 in an open field of the Teaching and Research Farm of Akwa Ibom State University, Obio Akpa Campused to evaluate the efficacy of botanical insecticides in the control of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) fruit and shoot borer (EFSB) Leucinodes orbonalis Guenne), Four week-old eggplant seedlings (ARJANI FI) were transplanted to bags filled with 30kg top soil, each. There were nine insecticide treatments (T0 = Control (No insecticide), T1 = Scent leaf extract (SLE 10% w/v), T2 = Pawpaw leaf extract (PLE 10% w/v), T3 = Neem leaf extract (NLE 5% w/v), T4 = Neem oil (N.O 3% v/v), T5 = Neem oil (N.O 5% v/v), T6 = Garlic bulb extract (GBE 3% v/v), T7 = Emamectin Benzoate (EB 1.33g/L) and T8 = Neemsol (0.2% v/v). Plants were sprayed three times: four weeks after transplanting (4WAT), 6WAT and 8WAT. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared at 5% probability level using Student-Newman-Keuls Test. The results obtained showed that the insecticide treated plants significantly (P< 0.05) had lower percentage of fruit and shoot infestation by EFSB relative to the untreated plants. The unsprayed plant significantly (P< 0.05) had the highest percentage of Fruit infestation by both number and weight basis. Fruits from the untreated plants had significantly (P< 0.05) more number of bored holes and larvae than the insecticide treated plants. Among the insecticide treatments, EB and N.O 5% had plants with significantly lower shoot infestation (10.42 and 12.50%), fruit infestation by weight (17.07 and 25.60%), number of larvae/fruit (0.33 and 1.00), respectively. The botanicals tested in this work could be incorporated into integrated pest management programme of eggplant fruit and shoot borer. Therefore, Emamectin Benzoate was observed to be the best and hence recommended treatment based on parameters measured.
{"title":"Comparative efficacy of some botanical insecticides in the control of eggplant fruit and shoot borer (leucinodes orbonalis guenee)","authors":"Enameti Aniekan Owen, Edna Augustine Akpan, Idorenyin Asukwo Udo","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v22i1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v22i1.12","url":null,"abstract":"An Experiment was conducted from December, 2021 to April, 2022 in an open field of the Teaching and Research Farm of Akwa Ibom State University, Obio Akpa Campused to evaluate the efficacy of botanical insecticides in the control of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) fruit and shoot borer (EFSB) Leucinodes orbonalis Guenne), Four week-old eggplant seedlings (ARJANI FI) were transplanted to bags filled with 30kg top soil, each. There were nine insecticide treatments (T0 = Control (No insecticide), T1 = Scent leaf extract (SLE 10% w/v), T2 = Pawpaw leaf extract (PLE 10% w/v), T3 = Neem leaf extract (NLE 5% w/v), T4 = Neem oil (N.O 3% v/v), T5 = Neem oil (N.O 5% v/v), T6 = Garlic bulb extract (GBE 3% v/v), T7 = Emamectin Benzoate (EB 1.33g/L) and T8 = Neemsol (0.2% v/v). Plants were sprayed three times: four weeks after transplanting (4WAT), 6WAT and 8WAT. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared at 5% probability level using Student-Newman-Keuls Test. The results obtained showed that the insecticide treated plants significantly (P< 0.05) had lower percentage of fruit and shoot infestation by EFSB relative to the untreated plants. The unsprayed plant significantly (P< 0.05) had the highest percentage of Fruit infestation by both number and weight basis. Fruits from the untreated plants had significantly (P< 0.05) more number of bored holes and larvae than the insecticide treated plants. Among the insecticide treatments, EB and N.O 5% had plants with significantly lower shoot infestation (10.42 and 12.50%), fruit infestation by weight (17.07 and 25.60%), number of larvae/fruit (0.33 and 1.00), respectively. The botanicals tested in this work could be incorporated into integrated pest management programme of eggplant fruit and shoot borer. Therefore, Emamectin Benzoate was observed to be the best and hence recommended treatment based on parameters measured. ","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130119602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A review on the role of biochar in agricultural productivity revealed the importance of biochar as a soil amendment system for sustainable agriculture. There is a growing interest in its use, as a fertilizing material or as incorporation into farming systems for amending soils. It is a fact that biochar is fast assuming the status of a quick fix solution to all soil degradation problems associated with the sustainable management of plant nutrients for strategic increases in crop yields. These call for a careful examination of the benefits and definite drawbacks of biochar. To avoid the abuse of biochar, there is need to quantitatively and qualitatively study its application and deployment for soil amelioration and nutrient boost for crop production. This involves field studies and extensive review of available literatures, to clear any doubt that may exist in the use of biochar. A well-established knowledge based on its beneficial potentials will inform both scientists and farm practitioners how best to engage biochar. This review essentially seeks to highlight the usefulness of biochar and its possible applications and drawbacks as a tool in sustainable agriculture.
{"title":"Biochar: a mechanism of soil ammendment for agricultural productivity","authors":"Effa Emmanuel Bassey, Otie Victoria Oko","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v22i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v22i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"A review on the role of biochar in agricultural productivity revealed the importance of biochar as a soil amendment system for sustainable agriculture. There is a growing interest in its use, as a fertilizing material or as incorporation into farming systems for amending soils. It is a fact that biochar is fast assuming the status of a quick fix solution to all soil degradation problems associated with the sustainable management of plant nutrients for strategic increases in crop yields. These call for a careful examination of the benefits and definite drawbacks of biochar. To avoid the abuse of biochar, there is need to quantitatively and qualitatively study its application and deployment for soil amelioration and nutrient boost for crop production. This involves field studies and extensive review of available literatures, to clear any doubt that may exist in the use of biochar. A well-established knowledge based on its beneficial potentials will inform both scientists and farm practitioners how best to engage biochar. This review essentially seeks to highlight the usefulness of biochar and its possible applications and drawbacks as a tool in sustainable agriculture. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116049259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Credit is the pivot on which agricultural development rests and as a resource which can be used to stimulate agricultural development in the desired direction. The availability of credit to these broiler farmers will help them to overcome the challenges they encounter in achieving enhanced broiler production. This study was designed to analyze profitability of broiler production between credit and non-credit users in Eket L.G.A, Akwa Ibom State. Specifically, it described the socio-economic characteristics of broiler farmers in the study area, analyzed costs and returns from broiler production, compared profit margin between credit users and non-users, and challenges faced by broiler farmers in accessing credit. Purposive and multistage sampling techniques were adopted to select 80 respondents in the study area. Data were obtained from primary source with the aid of a structured questionnaire and were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency count, mean, tables, percentages and budgetary analysis. The inferential statistics used for this study was the Z- test. The study showed that half of the respondents were males and still in their active age. Majority of the farmers were literate with a mean household size of 5 and 4 persons for users and non- users of credit respectively. Most of the respondents had farming experience of between 1and 5 years for users and non- credit users respectively. The cost and returns analysis showed that credit users had an average gross margin of N505, 477.38 with average net revenue of N 502,161.21 while the non-credit users had an average gross margin of N 2044410.98 with average net revenue of N 201657, 32. The Z- test showed that there was a significant difference in the profit margin between credit and non- credit users in broiler production. The major challenges to credit accessibility were high interest rate, fear of denial, lack of awareness, lack of educational qualification among others. The study therefore recommended that farmers should be encouraged to form cooperative societies as this will enable them gain access to credit with minimal interest rate.
{"title":"Profitability analysis of broiler production between credit and non-credit users in eket local government area, akwa ibom state, nigeria","authors":"Ajah Eucharia Agom, Ukpong Promise Daniel","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v22i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v22i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Credit is the pivot on which agricultural development rests and as a resource which can be used to stimulate agricultural development in the desired direction. The availability of credit to these broiler farmers will help them to overcome the challenges they encounter in achieving enhanced broiler production. This study was designed to analyze profitability of broiler production between credit and non-credit users in Eket L.G.A, Akwa Ibom State. Specifically, it described the socio-economic characteristics of broiler farmers in the study area, analyzed costs and returns from broiler production, compared profit margin between credit users and non-users, and challenges faced by broiler farmers in accessing credit. Purposive and multistage sampling techniques were adopted to select 80 respondents in the study area. Data were obtained from primary source with the aid of a structured questionnaire and were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency count, mean, tables, percentages and budgetary analysis. The inferential statistics used for this study was the Z- test. The study showed that half of the respondents were males and still in their active age. Majority of the farmers were literate with a mean household size of 5 and 4 persons for users and non- users of credit respectively. Most of the respondents had farming experience of between 1and 5 years for users and non- credit users respectively. The cost and returns analysis showed that credit users had an average gross margin of N505, 477.38 with average net revenue of N 502,161.21 while the non-credit users had an average gross margin of N 2044410.98 with average net revenue of N 201657, 32. The Z- test showed that there was a significant difference in the profit margin between credit and non- credit users in broiler production. The major challenges to credit accessibility were high interest rate, fear of denial, lack of awareness, lack of educational qualification among others. The study therefore recommended that farmers should be encouraged to form cooperative societies as this will enable them gain access to credit with minimal interest rate.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128404126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study assessed the perceived knowledge of self care among farmers who seek medical attention in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital. The specific objectives of the study whereto; describe the socio-demographic characteristics of the farmers, asses level of perceived knowledge about diabetes mellitus and identify level of practice of self care. A sample size of 120 respondents were selected through a convenience sampling procedure from patients who attend clinic in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that a fair proportion (34.20%) of the respondent were aged 40 years and above. It was observed that unexpected weight loss and excessive blood sugar level were some of the perceived knowledge levels of diabetes by the farmers in the study area. Majority of the respondents had good knowledge of diabetics self care in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital. Chi-square analysis revealed that there was no significant relationship between age and perceived knowledge of self care at 5% level of significance with and x2 value of 5.99. The results also showed that diabetic farmers who visit the diabetic clinic in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital have good knowledge of signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus such as unexplained weight loss and excessive urination.
{"title":"Perceived knowledge of self care among farmers with diabetes at university of uyo teaching hospital, nigeria","authors":"J. B. Effiong, I. O. Enenyi","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v22i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v22i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the perceived knowledge of self care among farmers who seek medical attention in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital. The specific objectives of the study whereto; describe the socio-demographic characteristics of the farmers, asses level of perceived knowledge about diabetes mellitus and identify level of practice of self care. A sample size of 120 respondents were selected through a convenience sampling procedure from patients who attend clinic in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that a fair proportion (34.20%) of the respondent were aged 40 years and above. It was observed that unexpected weight loss and excessive blood sugar level were some of the perceived knowledge levels of diabetes by the farmers in the study area. Majority of the respondents had good knowledge of diabetics self care in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital. Chi-square analysis revealed that there was no significant relationship between age and perceived knowledge of self care at 5% level of significance with and x2 value of 5.99. The results also showed that diabetic farmers who visit the diabetic clinic in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital have good knowledge of signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus such as unexplained weight loss and excessive urination.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117181677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A study was conducted to determine the nutritional potentials of some parts (corm and leaves) of swamp taro cocoyam (Cytosperma chamiIssonis) as a feed resource for livestock. The corm was prepared by washing in water before slicing into small pieces with sharp knife. The sliced corms were shared into two parts, one part sun dried for three days and the other part boiled and then sun dried for five days. Thereafter, the two parts were ground into powder separately with a mechanical blender, labeled and stored in different air-tight bottles. The leaves were washed, chopped into smaller pieces, sun dried, pulverized, labeled and stored. These stored samples were subjected to series of chemical analyses (proximate, phytochemical, mineral and vitamin determinations) to elucidate their chemical, toxicant, mineral and vitamin compositions. The results of proximate composition of the corm and leaves showed that the fresh leaves contained higher crude protein value (22.87t0.23 %), followed by raw sun dried corm (7.93+0.11 %). The fresh. leaves also contained higher crude fibre (6.73:0.01 %) than either the raw sun dried corm (1.36:0.05 %) or boiled sun dried corm (1.15+0.01 %). The boiled sun dried corm had the highest nitrogen free extract (NFE) or carbohydrate value (75.32+0.15 %), followed by the raw sun dried corm (74.31t0.05 %) and the fresh leaves (69.00t0.26 %). The dried leaves had the lowest NFE value (61.04:0.20 %). The results also showed that the leaves were richer in iron, flavonoid and alkaloid than the corm. In the contrary, the corm contained higher levels of phytate than the leaves. The results of vitamin and mineral determinations showed that the cocoyam leaves contained higher levels of evaluated vitamins (vit. A, riboflavin, niacin, thiamin and vit. C) than the corm. Besides, the leaves contained higher levels of magnesium, copper, potassium and iron than the corm, while the reverse is true for calcium, zinc, sodium and manganese. The statistical analyses for proximate composition between the fresh and dried leaves were significant (P<0.05) for CP, CF, ether extract, total ash and NFE. The analyses for these same fractions were not significant (P>0.05) between the raw sun dried and boiled sun dried corms. The analyses for mineral composition between the fresh and dry leaves, and between the raw sun dried and boiled sun dried corms were significantly (P<0.05) different for Cu, Mg, K, Na and Fe, but not for Zn, Ca and Mn. The analyses for vitamin composition between the fresh and dry leaves, and between the raw sun dried and boiled sun dried corms were significantly (P<0.05) different for riboflavin and vit. C, but not for niacin, thiamin and vit. A. The results of this study are indicative that the leaves and corm of swamp taro cocoyam are promising feed resources for livestock. It is therefore recommended that greater emphasis be placed on the production of swamp taro cocoyam because of its numerous benefits.
{"title":"Swamp taro cocoyam (cytosperma chamissonis) as a potential feedstuff for livestock","authors":"B. Okon, L. A Ibom, E. E Nsa, O. Okoh","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v12i2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v12i2.12","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to determine the nutritional potentials of some parts (corm and leaves) of swamp taro cocoyam (Cytosperma chamiIssonis) as a feed resource for livestock. The corm was prepared by washing in water before slicing into small pieces with sharp knife. The sliced corms were shared into two parts, one part sun dried for three days and the other part boiled and then sun dried for five days. Thereafter, the two parts were ground into powder separately with a mechanical blender, labeled and stored in different air-tight bottles. The leaves were washed, chopped into smaller pieces, sun dried, pulverized, labeled and stored. These stored samples were subjected to series of chemical analyses (proximate, phytochemical, mineral and vitamin determinations) to elucidate their chemical, toxicant, mineral and vitamin compositions. The results of proximate composition of the corm and leaves showed that the fresh leaves contained higher crude protein value (22.87t0.23 %), followed by raw sun dried corm (7.93+0.11 %). The fresh. leaves also contained higher crude fibre (6.73:0.01 %) than either the raw sun dried corm (1.36:0.05 %) or boiled sun dried corm (1.15+0.01 %). The boiled sun dried corm had the highest nitrogen free extract (NFE) or carbohydrate value (75.32+0.15 %), followed by the raw sun dried corm (74.31t0.05 %) and the fresh leaves (69.00t0.26 %). The dried leaves had the lowest NFE value (61.04:0.20 %). The results also showed that the leaves were richer in iron, flavonoid and alkaloid than the corm. In the contrary, the corm contained higher levels of phytate than the leaves. The results of vitamin and mineral determinations showed that the cocoyam leaves contained higher levels of evaluated vitamins (vit. A, riboflavin, niacin, thiamin and vit. C) than the corm. Besides, the leaves contained higher levels of magnesium, copper, potassium and iron than the corm, while the reverse is true for calcium, zinc, sodium and manganese. The statistical analyses for proximate composition between the fresh and dried leaves were significant (P<0.05) for CP, CF, ether extract, total ash and NFE. The analyses for these same fractions were not significant (P>0.05) between the raw sun dried and boiled sun dried corms. The analyses for mineral composition between the fresh and dry leaves, and between the raw sun dried and boiled sun dried corms were significantly (P<0.05) different for Cu, Mg, K, Na and Fe, but not for Zn, Ca and Mn. The analyses for vitamin composition between the fresh and dry leaves, and between the raw sun dried and boiled sun dried corms were significantly (P<0.05) different for riboflavin and vit. C, but not for niacin, thiamin and vit. A. The results of this study are indicative that the leaves and corm of swamp taro cocoyam are promising feed resources for livestock. It is therefore recommended that greater emphasis be placed on the production of swamp taro cocoyam because of its numerous benefits.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132970229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A study was carried to determine the effect of inorganic and organic fertilizer for cucumber production. This is to access and establish the type that will produce optimum yield. The fertilizer types evaluated were poultry manure, sawdust NPK 15-15-15.The study was conducted on Alfisol soil at kabba. The experimental design used was Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with five treatments. The treatment were poultry manure (25 tons/h), sawdust 25 tons/h, NPK 15.15-15 (400kg/ha), poultry manure (25 tons/ha) + NPK 15-15-15 (400kg/ha) and control (No fertilizer application).All the treatments were replicated four times to give a total of twenty (20) experimental plots. The result of this study showed that the combination of poultry manure and NPK 15-15-15 significantly increased (P<0.05) the Number of leaves, Number of fruits and weight of fruits (fruit yield). The yield performance sequence was in the order poultry manure+ NPK 15-15-15> poultry manure> sawdust> NPK> control.
{"title":"Effects of farmyard manure, sawdust and npk 15-15-15 fertilizer on growth and yield of (cucumis satius l)","authors":"J. F Owolabi, E. Opoola, M. A Tiawo, P. Unah","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v12i2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v12i2.15","url":null,"abstract":"A study was carried to determine the effect of inorganic and organic fertilizer for cucumber production. This is to access and establish the type that will produce optimum yield. The fertilizer types evaluated were poultry manure, sawdust NPK 15-15-15.The study was conducted on Alfisol soil at kabba. The experimental design used was Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with five treatments. The treatment were poultry manure (25 tons/h), sawdust 25 tons/h, NPK 15.15-15 (400kg/ha), poultry manure (25 tons/ha) + NPK 15-15-15 (400kg/ha) and control (No fertilizer application).All the treatments were replicated four times to give a total of twenty (20) experimental plots. The result of this study showed that the combination of poultry manure and NPK 15-15-15 significantly increased (P<0.05) the Number of leaves, Number of fruits and weight of fruits (fruit yield). The yield performance sequence was in the order poultry manure+ NPK 15-15-15> poultry manure> sawdust> NPK> control.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131792612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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