Okechukwu C. Umunnakwe,, Joyce F. Akpan,, Fidelis V. Aberagi,
Field experiment was conducted in the 2019 and 2020 early cropping seasons at the University of Calabar Teaching and Research Farm, Calabar, to assess the foliage yield of fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook F.) as affected by organic manure and cutting frequency on soil of Calabar. The experiment was a factorial combination of four poultry manure rates (0, 3, 6 and 9 tonnes per hectare) and three cutting frequency (2, 3 and 4 weekly intervals), laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were collected on vine length, number of leaves, internode length, fresh leaves, dry matter weights and soil physico-chemical properties, and analyzed. Significant means were compared using Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (FLSD) at 5 % probability. Results indicated that the sand proportions decreased after harvest while the silt and clay proportions, the soil pH, total nitrogen, organic carbon, organic matter, potassium, magnesium, effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) and base saturation all increased after harvest in both cropping years. There were significant (p <.0. 05) effects of PM, cutting frequency and their interactions on vine length, number of leaves, internode length, fresh leaves and leaves dry matter weights in both years of study. Plots treated with 9 t/ha of PM produced the longest vines, higher number of leaves, heavier fresh leaf and leaf dry matter. This was followed by plots treated with 6 t/ha of PM while the lowest was the plot with zero PM treatment. Foliage harvest at 3-weekly cut intervals produced the highest cumulative number of leaves, fresh leaf and leaf dry matter weights, followed by the 4-weekly cut intervals while the lowest was the 2-weekly cut intervals. The interaction of 9 t/ha PM with 3-weekly cut intervals produced the best effect and is therefore recommended.
{"title":"Foliage yield of fluted pumpkin (telfairia occidentalis hook f.) As influenced by organic manure and cutting frequencies on soil of calabar, nigeria.","authors":"Okechukwu C. Umunnakwe,, Joyce F. Akpan,, Fidelis V. Aberagi,","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v21i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v21i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiment was conducted in the 2019 and 2020 early cropping seasons at the University of Calabar Teaching and Research Farm, Calabar, to assess the foliage yield of fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook F.) as affected by organic manure and cutting frequency on soil of Calabar. The experiment was a factorial combination of four poultry manure rates (0, 3, 6 and 9 tonnes per hectare) and three cutting frequency (2, 3 and 4 weekly intervals), laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were collected on vine length, number of leaves, internode length, fresh leaves, dry matter weights and soil physico-chemical properties, and analyzed. Significant means were compared using Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (FLSD) at 5 % probability. Results indicated that the sand proportions decreased after harvest while the silt and clay proportions, the soil pH, total nitrogen, organic carbon, organic matter, potassium, magnesium, effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) and base saturation all increased after harvest in both cropping years. There were significant (p <.0. 05) effects of PM, cutting frequency and their interactions on vine length, number of leaves, internode length, fresh leaves and leaves dry matter weights in both years of study. Plots treated with 9 t/ha of PM produced the longest vines, higher number of leaves, heavier fresh leaf and leaf dry matter. This was followed by plots treated with 6 t/ha of PM while the lowest was the plot with zero PM treatment. Foliage harvest at 3-weekly cut intervals produced the highest cumulative number of leaves, fresh leaf and leaf dry matter weights, followed by the 4-weekly cut intervals while the lowest was the 2-weekly cut intervals. The interaction of 9 t/ha PM with 3-weekly cut intervals produced the best effect and is therefore recommended.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115140288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iwuagwu, Christian C.,, Ndife Bernadine E.,, Aguwa, Uwaoma O., Iheaturu, Donald E.,, Apalowo, Oluropo A.,, Ejiofor, Mary-Geraldine E, Iwu, Doris C.,
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of plant extracts, African pepper fruit (Dennettia tripetala) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) on seed borne fungal pathogens of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatas) seeds. Watermelon seeds were extracted for seed health test using blotter paper method. The antifungal effects of ethanol and acetone extracts of the two plant extracts and synthetic fungicide were studied under in- vitro experiment against the seed borne fungal pathogen of Watermelon at 0%, 50% and 75%. It was a 3x3 factorial experiment at 5% Probability level laid out in a Completely Randomized Design experiment with three replications Ninety percent germination was obtained in the germination and seed health test of Watermelon seeds. Seed borne fungal pathogen (Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp.) were identified. The potential of these organisms for pathogenicity were tested using Kock’s postulate. The result of the pathogenicity test showed that Fusarium spp. was pathogenic. All plant extracts and Benlate inhibited the fungus (Fusarium moniliforme) in culture. The inhibition was also greater as concentration increased from 50% to 75%. It was also observed that ethanol extraction solvent did better than acetone. Generally, Dennettia tripetala extract performed better than Zingiber officinale. It could therefore be recommended that the two plant extracts used in this investigation which were very effective in the control of Fusarium moniliforme of watermelon could be an alternative to the synthetic fungicide. It could also be suggested that further studies be carried out to isolate, identify, characterize and standardize the bioactive components of these phytochemicals in a bid to commercializing their production.
{"title":"Biocidal effects of dennettia tripetala, zingiber officinale and benlate on seedborne fungal pathogen (fusarium moniliforme) of watermelon (citrullus lanatus) varieties.","authors":"Iwuagwu, Christian C.,, Ndife Bernadine E.,, Aguwa, Uwaoma O., Iheaturu, Donald E.,, Apalowo, Oluropo A.,, Ejiofor, Mary-Geraldine E, Iwu, Doris C.,","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v21i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v21i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to investigate the effect of plant extracts, African pepper fruit (Dennettia tripetala) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) on seed borne fungal pathogens of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatas) seeds. Watermelon seeds were extracted for seed health test using blotter paper method. The antifungal effects of ethanol and acetone extracts of the two plant extracts and synthetic fungicide were studied under in- vitro experiment against the seed borne fungal pathogen of Watermelon at 0%, 50% and 75%. It was a 3x3 factorial experiment at 5% Probability level laid out in a Completely Randomized Design experiment with three replications Ninety percent germination was obtained in the germination and seed health test of Watermelon seeds. Seed borne fungal pathogen (Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp.) were identified. The potential of these organisms for pathogenicity were tested using Kock’s postulate. The result of the pathogenicity test showed that Fusarium spp. was pathogenic. All plant extracts and Benlate inhibited the fungus (Fusarium moniliforme) in culture. The inhibition was also greater as concentration increased from 50% to 75%. It was also observed that ethanol extraction solvent did better than acetone. Generally, Dennettia tripetala extract performed better than Zingiber officinale. It could therefore be recommended that the two plant extracts used in this investigation which were very effective in the control of Fusarium moniliforme of watermelon could be an alternative to the synthetic fungicide. It could also be suggested that further studies be carried out to isolate, identify, characterize and standardize the bioactive components of these phytochemicals in a bid to commercializing their production.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115564941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), is an economic plant which belongs to Family Solanaceae and is widely consumed as food and other processed natural products. Tomato production areas are faced with economic losses due to early blight disease caused by Alternaria solani. Early blight disease reduce yield and renders fruit unmarketable, Cultural practices and fungicides are majorly adopted in the management of this disease. The use of tolerant varieties and Glomus clarum as alternatives which are environmental friendly necessitated this study. Therefore, this study investigated genetic resistance of tomato to early blight disease using Glomus clarum as revealed by SSR marker . Eight tomato accessions obtained from NACGRAB and Technoserve were evaluated, while Ojoo market accession served as check. The experimental treatments Control, Glomus clarum + Pathogen and Pathogen only were laid out in a complete randomized design with three replicates. The result showed that Rukuta Jubia and NGB00727 accessions had the highest mean values for stem girth (0.59cm) and leaf width (3.74cm) respectively, while Ojoo Market performed best for leaf length (6.78cm). Glomus clarum significantly (p˂0.05) influenced the resistance of NGB00727 to Alternaria solani ,and enhanced the production of flowers (2.53) and mean weight of fruit per plant (0.94g). The NGB00727 accession showed the highest resistance to early blight disease, while NGB00754 accession was the most susceptible to Alternaria solani.
{"title":"The effect of amf (glomus clarum) on tomato resistance to early leaf blight (alternaria solani) on tomato","authors":"Olawuyi Odunayo Joseph,, Ogundipe Victor Olumide,","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v21i1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v21i1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), is an economic plant which belongs to Family Solanaceae and is widely consumed as food and other processed natural products. Tomato production areas are faced with economic losses due to early blight disease caused by Alternaria solani. Early blight disease reduce yield and renders fruit unmarketable, Cultural practices and fungicides are majorly adopted in the management of this disease. The use of tolerant varieties and Glomus clarum as alternatives which are environmental friendly necessitated this study. Therefore, this study investigated genetic resistance of tomato to early blight disease using Glomus clarum as revealed by SSR marker . Eight tomato accessions obtained from NACGRAB and Technoserve were evaluated, while Ojoo market accession served as check. The experimental treatments Control, Glomus clarum + Pathogen and Pathogen only were laid out in a complete randomized design with three replicates. The result showed that Rukuta Jubia and NGB00727 accessions had the highest mean values for stem girth (0.59cm) and leaf width (3.74cm) respectively, while Ojoo Market performed best for leaf length (6.78cm). Glomus clarum significantly (p˂0.05) influenced the resistance of NGB00727 to Alternaria solani ,and enhanced the production of flowers (2.53) and mean weight of fruit per plant (0.94g). The NGB00727 accession showed the highest resistance to early blight disease, while NGB00754 accession was the most susceptible to Alternaria solani.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115805690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afu, S. M.,, Adie, P. I.,, Olim, D. M.,, Isong, I. A.,, Akpama, A. I.,, Aaron, M. E.,
This study evaluated the properties of soils developed on diverse parent materials in Ogoja Local Government Area. Five profile pits on five different parent materials were dug, morphologically delineated and described. The five parent materials were basement complex (BC), mudstone (MS), sandstone (SS), shalestone (SH) and limestone (LS). Morphologically, the soils were deep with varying color, structure, texture and consistency. The results of chemical analyses revealed that the soils have acid pH with means of 5.4, 5.4, 5.4, 5.3 and 5.4 in BC, MS, SS, SH and LS. Organic carbon was low (<15g/kg) across the parent materials while total N was slightly higher in MS, SS and LS with means of 0.04 g kg-1, 0.10 g kg-1, 0.04 g kg-1, 0.10 g kg-1 and 0.20 g kg-1 in BC, MS, SS, SH and LS accordingly. Available P was low (<8mg/kg) across the parent materials with slightly higher value recorded in SH than in other parent materials. Calcium and sodium were the dominant and the least bases respectively with mean values of 3.2 cmol/kg, 3.93 cmol/kg, 3.65 cmol/kg, 3.3 cmol/kg and 3.95 cmol/kg and 0.25 cmol/kg, 0.10 cmol/kg, 0.08 cmol/kg, 0.08 cmol/kg, 0.08 cmol/kg in BC, MS, SS, SH and LS respectively. Exchangeable bases were higher in MS than other soils. Both Al3+ and H+ contributed at the same level to acidity of the soils. Correlation analysis showed that sand correlated negatively and significantly with clay (-0.81), OC (-0.41), TN (-0.42), and Al+++ (-0.78) and positively and significantly with pH (0.72), Ca2+ (0.7), Mg2+ (0.64), K+ (0.56), ECEC (0.71) and BS (0.70). Correlation between pH and exchangeable bases, available P (0.83), ECEC (0.9) and base saturation (0.83) was significant and positive. However, most properties had negative and non-significant correlation with each other.
本研究对五谷子地方行政区不同母质发育的土壤进行了性质评价。对5种不同母质上的5个剖面坑进行了挖掘、形态圈定和描述。5种母质分别为基底杂岩(BC)、泥岩(MS)、砂岩(SS)、页岩(SH)和灰岩(LS)。从形态上看，土壤较深，颜色、结构、质地和稠度各不相同。化学分析结果表明，BC、MS、SS、SH和LS土壤pH值分别为5.4、5.4、5.4、5.3和5.4。母材有机碳含量均较低(<15g/kg)，而全氮含量均略高，分别为0.04 g kg-1、0.10 g kg-1、0.04 g kg-1、0.10 g kg-1、0.04 g kg-1、0.10 g kg-1和0.20 g kg-1。速效磷在各母材中均较低(<8mg/kg)， SH的速效磷值略高于其他母材。在BC、MS、SS、SH和LS中，钙和钠的平均值分别为3.2 cmol/kg、3.93 cmol/kg、3.65 cmol/kg、3.3 cmol/kg、3.95 cmol/kg和0.25 cmol/kg、0.10 cmol/kg、0.08 cmol/kg、0.08 cmol/kg，分别为优势碱基和最小碱基。MS土壤的交换碱含量高于其他土壤。Al3+和H+对土壤酸度的贡献水平相同。相关分析表明，砂与粘土(-0.81)、OC(-0.41)、TN(-0.42)、Al++(-0.78)呈显著负相关，与pH(0.72)、Ca2+(0.7)、Mg2+(0.64)、K+(0.56)、ECEC(0.71)、BS(0.70)呈显著正相关。pH与交换碱、有效P值(0.83)、ECEC值(0.9)、碱饱和度(0.83)呈显著正相关。但大多数性状之间呈负相关且不显著相关。
{"title":"Properties of soils of different lithology in the humid tropics of southeastern nigeria","authors":"Afu, S. M.,, Adie, P. I.,, Olim, D. M.,, Isong, I. A.,, Akpama, A. I.,, Aaron, M. E.,","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v21i1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v21i1.12","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the properties of soils developed on diverse parent materials in Ogoja Local Government Area. Five profile pits on five different parent materials were dug, morphologically delineated and described. The five parent materials were basement complex (BC), mudstone (MS), sandstone (SS), shalestone (SH) and limestone (LS). Morphologically, the soils were deep with varying color, structure, texture and consistency. The results of chemical analyses revealed that the soils have acid pH with means of 5.4, 5.4, 5.4, 5.3 and 5.4 in BC, MS, SS, SH and LS. Organic carbon was low (<15g/kg) across the parent materials while total N was slightly higher in MS, SS and LS with means of 0.04 g kg-1, 0.10 g kg-1, 0.04 g kg-1, 0.10 g kg-1 and 0.20 g kg-1 in BC, MS, SS, SH and LS accordingly. Available P was low (<8mg/kg) across the parent materials with slightly higher value recorded in SH than in other parent materials. Calcium and sodium were the dominant and the least bases respectively with mean values of 3.2 cmol/kg, 3.93 cmol/kg, 3.65 cmol/kg, 3.3 cmol/kg and 3.95 cmol/kg and 0.25 cmol/kg, 0.10 cmol/kg, 0.08 cmol/kg, 0.08 cmol/kg, 0.08 cmol/kg in BC, MS, SS, SH and LS respectively. Exchangeable bases were higher in MS than other soils. Both Al3+ and H+ contributed at the same level to acidity of the soils. Correlation analysis showed that sand correlated negatively and significantly with clay (-0.81), OC (-0.41), TN (-0.42), and Al+++ (-0.78) and positively and significantly with pH (0.72), Ca2+ (0.7), Mg2+ (0.64), K+ (0.56), ECEC (0.71) and BS (0.70). Correlation between pH and exchangeable bases, available P (0.83), ECEC (0.9) and base saturation (0.83) was significant and positive. However, most properties had negative and non-significant correlation with each other.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133192243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study assessed farmers’ utilization of improved rice production technologies in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Both random and purposive sampling techniques were used in the selection of 140 respondents for the study who were administered with a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean scores, and inferential statistics of principal factor analysis. The study shows that farmers are highly aware of existing improved rice production technologies. The most utilized rice production technologies by farmers in the area include use of improved rice varieties (), fertilizer application (), use of agrochemicals (), modern rice milling equipment () and timely transplanting and use of standard depths and spaces (). The major constraints to farmers’ utilization of improved rice production technologies in the study area are administrative, individual, environmental, financial and technical constraints. The study recommends that extension organisations should rejig their extension delivery system to ensure timely dissemination of information on improved rice production technologies to farmers; and farmers should organize themselves into cooperative organization to enhance their access to credit for procurement of modern rice storage and processing facilities.
{"title":"Farmers’ utilization of improved rice production technologies in ebonyi state, nigeria","authors":"E. A. N.,, Enyigwe, J. O.,, Egwu, P. N.,","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v21i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v21i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed farmers’ utilization of improved rice production technologies in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Both random and purposive sampling techniques were used in the selection of 140 respondents for the study who were administered with a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean scores, and inferential statistics of principal factor analysis. The study shows that farmers are highly aware of existing improved rice production technologies. The most utilized rice production technologies by farmers in the area include use of improved rice varieties (), fertilizer application (), use of agrochemicals (), modern rice milling equipment () and timely transplanting and use of standard depths and spaces (). The major constraints to farmers’ utilization of improved rice production technologies in the study area are administrative, individual, environmental, financial and technical constraints. The study recommends that extension organisations should rejig their extension delivery system to ensure timely dissemination of information on improved rice production technologies to farmers; and farmers should organize themselves into cooperative organization to enhance their access to credit for procurement of modern rice storage and processing facilities.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131950261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yard waste is a major constituent of municipal solid waste (MSW) that contain elements that can be used by microorganisms during biological degradation of MSW but whose economic values are less than the cost of collection, transportation, and processing for beneficial use. It is generated from the gardens, plant nurseries, road sweepings, and so on. Yard waste generation is inevitable in any society, and it is clear that rapid urbanization has resulted in significantly more yard waste generation than previously. Gardening is common in communities, whether rural and urban, resulting in garden wastes such as leaves, wood trimmings and grass clipping. At present, most of the yard wastes in Nigeria are illegally dumped into abandoned waste lands or burn up which is very harmful and had raised concerns for the environmental and human health. However, due to a lack of corresponding policy support and management requirements for yard waste usage in Nigeria, this study proposes remedies and proposals for yard waste utilization that are appropriate for Nigeria, based on successful technologies and regulations. So based on the real situation in Nigeria, it is imperative to replace the traditional methods of yard waste management with innovative ones to promote their proper utilization..
{"title":"Yard wastes generation, management and utilization in nigeria","authors":"Osikabor, B.,, Adeleye, A. S.,, Oyelami, B. A.,","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v21i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v21i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Yard waste is a major constituent of municipal solid waste (MSW) that contain elements that can be used by microorganisms during biological degradation of MSW but whose economic values are less than the cost of collection, transportation, and processing for beneficial use. It is generated from the gardens, plant nurseries, road sweepings, and so on. Yard waste generation is inevitable in any society, and it is clear that rapid urbanization has resulted in significantly more yard waste generation than previously. Gardening is common in communities, whether rural and urban, resulting in garden wastes such as leaves, wood trimmings and grass clipping. At present, most of the yard wastes in Nigeria are illegally dumped into abandoned waste lands or burn up which is very harmful and had raised concerns for the environmental and human health. However, due to a lack of corresponding policy support and management requirements for yard waste usage in Nigeria, this study proposes remedies and proposals for yard waste utilization that are appropriate for Nigeria, based on successful technologies and regulations. So based on the real situation in Nigeria, it is imperative to replace the traditional methods of yard waste management with innovative ones to promote their proper utilization..","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115228726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ndak, U. U.,, Usoro, O. O.,, Christopher, G. I.,, Okonkwo, A. C.,, Ekette, I. E.,
This study was conducted to comparatively evaluate partial replacement of soybean meal with raw and oven-dried Cassia tora seed meal (CTSM) on the performance of broiler chickens. An eight-week feeding trial involving two hundred and eighty eight (288), day-old chicks purchased from a reputable chick dealer in Uyo Metropolis was used for the study. Four experimental diets each of raw and oven-dried CTSM was formulated such that diets 1, 2, 3, and 4 contained 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% CTSM respectively. The birds were randomly assigned to the eight dietary treatments of 36 birds each. A treatment was replicated thrice, with 12 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). The parameters evaluated were body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and blood parameters. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), using SPSS version 20. The results showed that the dietary treatments significantly influenced the growth indices. Weight gain was highest at 10% inclusion of raw CTSM and also at 15% inclusion of oven-dried CTSM. Feed intake response was highest at 10% inclusion of raw CTSM and 15% inclusion of oven-dried CTSM while feed conversion ratio (FCR) was greatly improved at these inclusion levels. The inclusion of raw and oven-dried CTSM at 10% and 15% respectively did not adversely affect carcass qualities and organs. Inclusion of raw CTSM up to 15% adversely affected carcass quality and haematological parameters. Also, haematological parameters of broiler chicken were best at 10% and 15% inclusion of raw and oven-dried CTSM respectively. When all parameters were considered, performance of broiler chickens was best at 10% inclusion of raw CTSM and 15% inclusion of oven-dried CTSM. It is therefore recommended that raw CTSM can only be incorporated into the diets of broiler chickens up to 10% without any detrimental effect. But oven-dried CTSM can be incorporated up to 15% without any detrimental effect.
本试验旨在比较评价生决明子粕和烘干决明子粕部分替代豆粕对肉鸡生产性能的影响。研究采用了为期8周的饲养试验，涉及288只日龄雏鸡，这些雏鸡是从尤尤大都会一家信誉良好的小鸡经销商处购买的。分别配制4种试验饲粮，分别为生饲粮和烘干饲粮，饲粮1、2、3和4的CTSM含量分别为0%、5%、10%和15%。试验随机分为8组，每组36只。在完全随机设计(CRD)中，一个治疗重复三次，每个重复12只鸟。评价指标为增重、采食量、饲料系数和血液指标。所得数据采用SPSS version 20进行方差分析(ANOVA)。结果表明，饲粮处理对生长指标有显著影响。添加10%的生CTSM和添加15%的烘干CTSM时，体重增加最多。在添加10%的生CTSM和15%的烘干CTSM时，采食量响应最高，饲料系数(FCR)在这两个添加水平下均有显著提高。分别添加10%和15%的生料和烘干CTSM对胴体品质和器官没有不利影响。加入高达15%的生CTSM对胴体质量和血液学参数产生不利影响。生CTSM添加量为10%，干CTSM添加量为15%时肉鸡血液学参数最佳。综合考虑各项指标，在添加10%的生CTSM和15%的烘干CTSM时，肉鸡生产性能最佳。因此，建议生CTSM在肉鸡日粮中的添加量不超过10%，且无不良影响。但烘箱干燥的CTSM可以掺入15%而没有任何有害影响。
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of partial replacement of soybean meal with raw and oven-dried cassia tora seedmeal on the performance of broiler chickens","authors":"Ndak, U. U.,, Usoro, O. O.,, Christopher, G. I.,, Okonkwo, A. C.,, Ekette, I. E.,","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v21i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v21i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to comparatively evaluate partial replacement of soybean meal with raw and oven-dried Cassia tora seed meal (CTSM) on the performance of broiler chickens. An eight-week feeding trial involving two hundred and eighty eight (288), day-old chicks purchased from a reputable chick dealer in Uyo Metropolis was used for the study. Four experimental diets each of raw and oven-dried CTSM was formulated such that diets 1, 2, 3, and 4 contained 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% CTSM respectively. The birds were randomly assigned to the eight dietary treatments of 36 birds each. A treatment was replicated thrice, with 12 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). The parameters evaluated were body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and blood parameters. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), using SPSS version 20. The results showed that the dietary treatments significantly influenced the growth indices. Weight gain was highest at 10% inclusion of raw CTSM and also at 15% inclusion of oven-dried CTSM. Feed intake response was highest at 10% inclusion of raw CTSM and 15% inclusion of oven-dried CTSM while feed conversion ratio (FCR) was greatly improved at these inclusion levels. The inclusion of raw and oven-dried CTSM at 10% and 15% respectively did not adversely affect carcass qualities and organs. Inclusion of raw CTSM up to 15% adversely affected carcass quality and haematological parameters. Also, haematological parameters of broiler chicken were best at 10% and 15% inclusion of raw and oven-dried CTSM respectively. When all parameters were considered, performance of broiler chickens was best at 10% inclusion of raw CTSM and 15% inclusion of oven-dried CTSM. It is therefore recommended that raw CTSM can only be incorporated into the diets of broiler chickens up to 10% without any detrimental effect. But oven-dried CTSM can be incorporated up to 15% without any detrimental effect.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121366078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research carried out in Delta State, Nigeria, focuses on the empirical application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), an asset based measure of wellbeing which can be used to assess level of poverty among households in rural areas of developing countries. The study employed questionnaire-based household survey data collection methods. The final wealth index was derived using data collected from 430 artisanal fishing households in riverine Delta State communities. Data on 16 variables measuring multiple aspects of household wealth status were used to extract the set of principal components utilized in the construction of the index. Two key statistical tests, the KMO and Bartlett’s tests, showed the appropriateness of the data for PCA. Results revealed that five major factors influence the wealth status and hence the wellbeing of households: home infrastructure, energy sources, durable home assets, water sources and mobility. Therefore, it is suggested that any efforts to improve the wellbeing of farm households in the study area as well as in other regions with similar socio- economic settings should consider these factors as entry point to poverty alleviation.
{"title":"Asset based wellbeing of poverty of artisanal fish farmers in delta state, nigeria","authors":"Oboh, J. E., A. C. I.,, Emokaro C. O.,","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v21i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v21i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"This research carried out in Delta State, Nigeria, focuses on the empirical application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), an asset based measure of wellbeing which can be used to assess level of poverty among households in rural areas of developing countries. The study employed questionnaire-based household survey data collection methods. The final wealth index was derived using data collected from 430 artisanal fishing households in riverine Delta State communities. Data on 16 variables measuring multiple aspects of household wealth status were used to extract the set of principal components utilized in the construction of the index. Two key statistical tests, the KMO and Bartlett’s tests, showed the appropriateness of the data for PCA. Results revealed that five major factors influence the wealth status and hence the wellbeing of households: home infrastructure, energy sources, durable home assets, water sources and mobility. Therefore, it is suggested that any efforts to improve the wellbeing of farm households in the study area as well as in other regions with similar socio- economic settings should consider these factors as entry point to poverty alleviation.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115151034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agbachom Emmanuel,, Ajigo Ikutal, David Adie Alawa, Onabe Maria,, Ettah Otu,, Regina Ado Anoh,
The study evaluated the impact of agricultural policy regimes on the output of food crops in Nigeria (1980-2015). The specific objective was to; determine the growth rate of selected crop output. Time series data were used for the study. Data used in the study were obtained from Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) crop production database for Nigeria, covering the period 1980-2015, and was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Growth model was used to examine the trend in selected crop output. The study showed that the compound growth rates for all the crops were positive; cassava (4.92%), cocoa (2.61%), maize (5.84%), palm oil (2.84%) and rice (4.15%). This implies that there was a moderate increase in the output of the selected crops over the years. The compound growth rate in the output of maize among the crops considered was highest (5.84 % per annum) followed by cassava and was slow in cocoa with a compound growth rate of 2.61 % per annum. This result suggests that among the crops considered, maize is witnessing appreciable increase in production. The result specifically leads to the conclusion that output of cassava and rice had a direct influence on GDP growth in Nigeria from 1980 to 2015. The study therefore recommends that, the slow process of growth (deceleration) in the output of cassava, cocoa, maize and rice could be enhanced by the use of improved extension services and provision of input supports to the farmers involved in the cultivation of these crops.
{"title":"Impact of agricultural policy regimes on the output of food crops in nigeria (1980 – 2015)","authors":"Agbachom Emmanuel,, Ajigo Ikutal, David Adie Alawa, Onabe Maria,, Ettah Otu,, Regina Ado Anoh,","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v21i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v21i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The study evaluated the impact of agricultural policy regimes on the output of food crops in Nigeria (1980-2015). The specific objective was to; determine the growth rate of selected crop output. Time series data were used for the study. Data used in the study were obtained from Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) crop production database for Nigeria, covering the period 1980-2015, and was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Growth model was used to examine the trend in selected crop output. The study showed that the compound growth rates for all the crops were positive; cassava (4.92%), cocoa (2.61%), maize (5.84%), palm oil (2.84%) and rice (4.15%). This implies that there was a moderate increase in the output of the selected crops over the years. The compound growth rate in the output of maize among the crops considered was highest (5.84 % per annum) followed by cassava and was slow in cocoa with a compound growth rate of 2.61 % per annum. This result suggests that among the crops considered, maize is witnessing appreciable increase in production. The result specifically leads to the conclusion that output of cassava and rice had a direct influence on GDP growth in Nigeria from 1980 to 2015. The study therefore recommends that, the slow process of growth (deceleration) in the output of cassava, cocoa, maize and rice could be enhanced by the use of improved extension services and provision of input supports to the farmers involved in the cultivation of these crops.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114665491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ettah, Otu I, Udumo, Bassey O.,, Abanyam, Victor A.,, Bullem Francis A.,
Sweet potato is one of the major staple crops in Nigeria and most parts Africa sub-region. Its importance continues to rise due to increased urbanization. This increase definitely come with its share of challenges that need to be addressed. The study was conducted within the framework of the rural farming households who constitute the backbone of the Nigerian agricultural sector, producing about 80 per cent of the total national agricultural output. It examined resource use in sweet potato production in Delta state, Nigeria. The specific objectives are to determine the technical efficiency of sweet potato farmers, assess the factors determining the technical efficiency of potato farmers and to determine the technical efficiency distribution of sweet potato farmers. Multi-stage random sampling technique was adopted to select 120 respondents and stochastic frontier production function employed to realize the objectives. Result of analysis showed that the least technically efficient farmers have to increase their level of production given their inputs and technology to at least 68 % for them to operate at the production frontier while the most technically efficient farmers have to increase their production to at least by 4% for them to operate on the production frontier and be fully efficient with a mean technical efficiency of 0.71. The estimates of the parameters of the production function (sweet potato seeds, labour, fertilizers and agrochemical) were positive and significant at 5% and 1% levels respectively, while capital input was positive and not significant. Factors affecting technical inefficiency of sweet potato farmers among others included: age of farmers and farm size which were negative and significant, while household size, educational qualification, type of cropping and farming experience were all positive and significant. The following recommendations were proffered: sweet potato farmers should have access to improved sweet potato varieties, modern storage technologies, markets and extension services. Adequate financial assistance and credit facilities should also be made available to the sweet potato farmers to enable them expand their crop output.
{"title":"Resource use in sweet potato production in delta state, nigeria: a technical efficiency approach","authors":"Ettah, Otu I, Udumo, Bassey O.,, Abanyam, Victor A.,, Bullem Francis A.,","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v21i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v21i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet potato is one of the major staple crops in Nigeria and most parts Africa sub-region. Its importance continues to rise due to increased urbanization. This increase definitely come with its share of challenges that need to be addressed. The study was conducted within the framework of the rural farming households who constitute the backbone of the Nigerian agricultural sector, producing about 80 per cent of the total national agricultural output. It examined resource use in sweet potato production in Delta state, Nigeria. The specific objectives are to determine the technical efficiency of sweet potato farmers, assess the factors determining the technical efficiency of potato farmers and to determine the technical efficiency distribution of sweet potato farmers. Multi-stage random sampling technique was adopted to select 120 respondents and stochastic frontier production function employed to realize the objectives. Result of analysis showed that the least technically efficient farmers have to increase their level of production given their inputs and technology to at least 68 % for them to operate at the production frontier while the most technically efficient farmers have to increase their production to at least by 4% for them to operate on the production frontier and be fully efficient with a mean technical efficiency of 0.71. The estimates of the parameters of the production function (sweet potato seeds, labour, fertilizers and agrochemical) were positive and significant at 5% and 1% levels respectively, while capital input was positive and not significant. Factors affecting technical inefficiency of sweet potato farmers among others included: age of farmers and farm size which were negative and significant, while household size, educational qualification, type of cropping and farming experience were all positive and significant. The following recommendations were proffered: sweet potato farmers should have access to improved sweet potato varieties, modern storage technologies, markets and extension services. Adequate financial assistance and credit facilities should also be made available to the sweet potato farmers to enable them expand their crop output.","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130509303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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