RE: WITHDRAWAL OF PUBLISHED ARTICLE ENTITLE: “PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE OF POULTRY FARMER COMMODITY INTEREST GROUPS (CIGS) ON THE COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (CADP) IN ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA.” PUBLISHED IN GLOBAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES VOL. 17, P. 85-89 (2018). I attach herewith letter from the authors of the above article requesting that their article be withdrawn because of argument on position. The study was conducted to assess the perception and performance of poultry farmer commodity interest groups on the Commercial Agricultural Development Project (CADP) in Enugu State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to identify the factors that affected the perception of poultry farmer farmer commodity interest groups (CIGs) on the CADP in the state and compare the performance of poultry farmer CIGs in terms of gross margin and after CADP. Multistage random sampling technique was employed in the selection of 150 poultry CIGS.The result of the Probit analysis showed that the coefficients for age, level of education, income of the farmers and access to information by farmers were all positive correlated, while that for political connection in the state was negatively correlated to the perception of the poultry farmers CIGs on CADP. The total variable cost (TVC) of CIGs with financial grant increased from ₦ 3,493,110 to ₦ 5,570,300. With financial grant, total revenue more than doubled; without financial grant it was ₦ 10,788,448, and with financial grant, ₦ 22,785,219. The Gross Margin also had a significant increase from ₦ 7,295,338 without financial grant, to ₦ 17,214,919 With financial grant. The following recommendations were proffered: CADP should increase matching-grant on input, especially on feed which constitute the major cost, CADP’s grants should be awarded to qualified farmers within the shortest possible time and CIG groups interested in participation in the project should be given relevant training. Keywords: Poultry Farmers, Commercial Agriculture, Interest Groups, Financial Grant, Gross Margin
{"title":"Perception and performance of poultry farmer Commodity Interest Groups (CIGS) on the Commercial Agricultural Development Project (CADP) in Enugu State, Nigeria","authors":"O. Ettah, M. Celine, O. Okorie","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v17i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v17i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"RE: WITHDRAWAL OF PUBLISHED ARTICLE ENTITLE: “PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE OF POULTRY FARMER COMMODITY INTEREST GROUPS (CIGS) ON THE COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (CADP) IN ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA.” PUBLISHED IN GLOBAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES VOL. 17, P. 85-89 (2018). I attach herewith letter from the authors of the above article requesting that their article be withdrawn because of argument on position. The study was conducted to assess the perception and performance of poultry farmer commodity interest groups on the Commercial Agricultural Development Project (CADP) in Enugu State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to identify the factors that affected the perception of poultry farmer farmer commodity interest groups (CIGs) on the CADP in the state and compare the performance of poultry farmer CIGs in terms of gross margin and after CADP. Multistage random sampling technique was employed in the selection of 150 poultry CIGS.The result of the Probit analysis showed that the coefficients for age, level of education, income of the farmers and access to information by farmers were all positive correlated, while that for political connection in the state was negatively correlated to the perception of the poultry farmers CIGs on CADP. The total variable cost (TVC) of CIGs with financial grant increased from ₦ 3,493,110 to ₦ 5,570,300. With financial grant, total revenue more than doubled; without financial grant it was ₦ 10,788,448, and with financial grant, ₦ 22,785,219. The Gross Margin also had a significant increase from ₦ 7,295,338 without financial grant, to ₦ 17,214,919 With financial grant. The following recommendations were proffered: CADP should increase matching-grant on input, especially on feed which constitute the major cost, CADP’s grants should be awarded to qualified farmers within the shortest possible time and CIG groups interested in participation in the project should be given relevant training. Keywords: Poultry Farmers, Commercial Agriculture, Interest Groups, Financial Grant, Gross Margin","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133952482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study assessed rubber production technologies and the related socio-economic environments in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study seeks to reawaken the interests of rubber farmers in improved rubber production technologies in the study area. The specific objectives of the study were to; identify the socioeconomic characteristics of rubber farmers in the study area, identify improved rubber production technologies disseminated to farmers and to assess some socio-economic variables associated with adoption of improved rubber production technologies in the study area. Purposive and random sampling techniques were used in selecting 96 rubber farmers for the study. Primary data generated for the study were analysed using descriptive statistics such as percentages, frequencies and Multiple Regression Analysis. The result showed that Extension Officers disseminated about 13 improved rubber production technologies to farmers in the area. From the OLS regression estimates, R 2 value was 0.559 with three selected socio-economic variables being the major factors affecting adoption of improved rubber production technologies. These include; Age, Education and Contact with Extension Agents. These were significant at l% level of probability. This calls for the re-introduction of non-formal education among farmers in the rural areas to improve their level of education and adoption of improved technologies. Government should increase the extension-farmer ratio from the present 1:1000 to 10:1000. Keywords: Rubber production, technologies, socio-economic environments, variables and Akwa Ibom State
{"title":"Rubber production technologies and the related socio-economic environments in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","authors":"J. Effiong, C. Aboh","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v17i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v17i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed rubber production technologies and the related socio-economic environments in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The study seeks to reawaken the interests of rubber farmers in improved rubber production technologies in the study area. The specific objectives of the study were to; identify the socioeconomic characteristics of rubber farmers in the study area, identify improved rubber production technologies disseminated to farmers and to assess some socio-economic variables associated with adoption of improved rubber production technologies in the study area. Purposive and random sampling techniques were used in selecting 96 rubber farmers for the study. Primary data generated for the study were analysed using descriptive statistics such as percentages, frequencies and Multiple Regression Analysis. The result showed that Extension Officers disseminated about 13 improved rubber production technologies to farmers in the area. From the OLS regression estimates, R 2 value was 0.559 with three selected socio-economic variables being the major factors affecting adoption of improved rubber production technologies. These include; Age, Education and Contact with Extension Agents. These were significant at l% level of probability. This calls for the re-introduction of non-formal education among farmers in the rural areas to improve their level of education and adoption of improved technologies. Government should increase the extension-farmer ratio from the present 1:1000 to 10:1000. Keywords: Rubber production, technologies, socio-economic environments, variables and Akwa Ibom State","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125203210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was designed to asses the strategies adopted in the management of environmental hazards in Calabar urban. The specific objectives of the study were to identify the strategies adopted by the government to promote environmental management consciousness and prevention of environmental hazards as well as the role of the residents on environmental hazards prevention. Calabar urban comprises of two local government areas which include; Calabar municipality and Calabar south. A total of one hundred and twenty respondents were randomly selected from the study area. Also interview were conducted on staff of the ministry of environment, Calabar Urban Development Agency (CUDA) and Cross River Waste Management Agency (CRWMA). A structured questionnaire and interview guide were the instruments used to collect data for the study. Data for the study were analyzed using simple statistical tools such as frequency distribution tables and percentages. The results revealed that certain strategies were adopted by both government and agencies in reaching people with information on environmental issues. Some of the strategies include distribution of waste disposal materials (75%), use of radio, television jingles (60%), provision of designated dumping sites, daily sweeping and excavating of waste were identified as the most important strategies for prevention and management of environmental hazards. The study therefore recommended that government should extend its environmental management programmes beyond certain areas in Calabar urban to other remote streets in Calabar urban through the provision of accessible roads and good drainage channels to ensure effective environmental hazards prevention. Also that awareness campaigns should be increased to enlighten the public of their role in the prevention of environmental hazards, and environmental education be included in the curriculum of secondary schools to inculcate good environmental management attitude among young people. Keywords: Environmental hazards and sustainable healthy living
{"title":"Strategies for the management of environmental hazards: implications for sustainable healthy living in Calabar Urban, Cross River State, Nigeria","authors":"K. I. Ogbonna, Theresa Larry Bisong","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v17i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v17i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"The study was designed to asses the strategies adopted in the management of environmental hazards in Calabar urban. The specific objectives of the study were to identify the strategies adopted by the government to promote environmental management consciousness and prevention of environmental hazards as well as the role of the residents on environmental hazards prevention. Calabar urban comprises of two local government areas which include; Calabar municipality and Calabar south. A total of one hundred and twenty respondents were randomly selected from the study area. Also interview were conducted on staff of the ministry of environment, Calabar Urban Development Agency (CUDA) and Cross River Waste Management Agency (CRWMA). A structured questionnaire and interview guide were the instruments used to collect data for the study. Data for the study were analyzed using simple statistical tools such as frequency distribution tables and percentages. The results revealed that certain strategies were adopted by both government and agencies in reaching people with information on environmental issues. Some of the strategies include distribution of waste disposal materials (75%), use of radio, television jingles (60%), provision of designated dumping sites, daily sweeping and excavating of waste were identified as the most important strategies for prevention and management of environmental hazards. The study therefore recommended that government should extend its environmental management programmes beyond certain areas in Calabar urban to other remote streets in Calabar urban through the provision of accessible roads and good drainage channels to ensure effective environmental hazards prevention. Also that awareness campaigns should be increased to enlighten the public of their role in the prevention of environmental hazards, and environmental education be included in the curriculum of secondary schools to inculcate good environmental management attitude among young people. Keywords: Environmental hazards and sustainable healthy living","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128246548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The general objective of this study was to assess the relationship between some socio-economic variables of the citizens and participation in forest conservation in Ikom zone of the Cross River State Agricultural Development Project, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to describe some of the socio-economic variables of the people, ascertain the relationship between some socio-economic variables and their participation in forest conservation and to assess the level of participation of male and female citizens in forest conservation. Also, one research hypothesis was developed to test the level of participation of male and female citizens in forest conservation activities. A total of three hundred (300) respondents were randomly selected from three (3) local government areas (Boki, Ikom and Etung). Data were obtained with the aid of a validated questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed using frequency count, percentages, chi-square and probit regression analysis. The result of the analysis revealed that a substantial proportion of the respondents were youth within the age range of 30-35 years and also educated, majority of the respondents had large family sizes (10-14 persons). Also, low income of 20,000 – 60,000 characterizes the status of most respondents with farming as their main occupation. It was also revealed that there is a significant variation between female and male level of participation in forest conservation, as men are more disposed to participate. The study therefore recommended that women should be trained to acquire necessary skills and credit facilities should be provided to citizens to motivate them to conserve the forest and its resources. Keywords: Citizens’ participation and forest conservation
{"title":"Socio-economic analysis of citizens’ participation in forest conservation in Ikom Agricultural Zone of Cross River State, Nigeria","authors":"Theresa Larry Bisong, K. I. Ogbonna","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v17i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v17i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The general objective of this study was to assess the relationship between some socio-economic variables of the citizens and participation in forest conservation in Ikom zone of the Cross River State Agricultural Development Project, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to describe some of the socio-economic variables of the people, ascertain the relationship between some socio-economic variables and their participation in forest conservation and to assess the level of participation of male and female citizens in forest conservation. Also, one research hypothesis was developed to test the level of participation of male and female citizens in forest conservation activities. A total of three hundred (300) respondents were randomly selected from three (3) local government areas (Boki, Ikom and Etung). Data were obtained with the aid of a validated questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed using frequency count, percentages, chi-square and probit regression analysis. The result of the analysis revealed that a substantial proportion of the respondents were youth within the age range of 30-35 years and also educated, majority of the respondents had large family sizes (10-14 persons). Also, low income of 20,000 – 60,000 characterizes the status of most respondents with farming as their main occupation. It was also revealed that there is a significant variation between female and male level of participation in forest conservation, as men are more disposed to participate. The study therefore recommended that women should be trained to acquire necessary skills and credit facilities should be provided to citizens to motivate them to conserve the forest and its resources. Keywords: Citizens’ participation and forest conservation","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134028499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Increased vulnerability of Non timber forest products to climate variation has overtime, resulted to serious negative consequences on rural dwellers that depend on rain, sunshine and wind for their fruiting, maturity and harvesting, to enhance livelihood. The scope of this study analyzed the effect of climate variability and NTFPs through peoples’ perception using a field survey. The objective of the research therefore focused on the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents in the study area, activities of the people that increase the risk of climate variability, the effect of climate variability on the quantity and composition NTFPs in the study area, the perception of people on the effect of climate variability on the NTFPs and the contribution of NTFPs to their livelihood. A total of 216 respondents were sampled, the study adopted a simple random technique which was used to select 9 villages out of the 26 villages in Ohafia Local Government Area through a structured questionnaire. Findings show that large proportion (72.2%) of the respondents censured increased temperature and heavy rainfall (64.4%) as the most reason for decreased yield in NTFPs in the last four years. Majority (88.9% and 58.3%) of the respondents opined that climate variability had reduced fruit yield and price instability respectively. Over 35% said climate variability had brought about species scarcity. 54.2% had no access to safe drinking water, 25.5% of the respondents made very low sales from NTFPs, while 3.2% and 29.6% faced starvation and diseases. Climate variability influence on the availability of Non timber forest products will affect the income status and food security of rural dwellers that depend on it. Vulnerabilities could be reduced through campaign on embracing climate variability plans, funding the campaign through the collaboration of government and foreign countries, re-training extension workers, cash donations and training the rural dwellers. Keywords: Climate variability, Food security, NTFPs, Ohafia and Rural dwellers
{"title":"Climate variation, its impact on non timber forest products and livelihood of Ohafia People, Abia State Nigeria","authors":"G. O. Ibe","doi":"10.4314/GJASS.V17I1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJASS.V17I1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Increased vulnerability of Non timber forest products to climate variation has overtime, resulted to serious negative consequences on rural dwellers that depend on rain, sunshine and wind for their fruiting, maturity and harvesting, to enhance livelihood. The scope of this study analyzed the effect of climate variability and NTFPs through peoples’ perception using a field survey. The objective of the research therefore focused on the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents in the study area, activities of the people that increase the risk of climate variability, the effect of climate variability on the quantity and composition NTFPs in the study area, the perception of people on the effect of climate variability on the NTFPs and the contribution of NTFPs to their livelihood. A total of 216 respondents were sampled, the study adopted a simple random technique which was used to select 9 villages out of the 26 villages in Ohafia Local Government Area through a structured questionnaire. Findings show that large proportion (72.2%) of the respondents censured increased temperature and heavy rainfall (64.4%) as the most reason for decreased yield in NTFPs in the last four years. Majority (88.9% and 58.3%) of the respondents opined that climate variability had reduced fruit yield and price instability respectively. Over 35% said climate variability had brought about species scarcity. 54.2% had no access to safe drinking water, 25.5% of the respondents made very low sales from NTFPs, while 3.2% and 29.6% faced starvation and diseases. Climate variability influence on the availability of Non timber forest products will affect the income status and food security of rural dwellers that depend on it. Vulnerabilities could be reduced through campaign on embracing climate variability plans, funding the campaign through the collaboration of government and foreign countries, re-training extension workers, cash donations and training the rural dwellers. Keywords: Climate variability, Food security, NTFPs, Ohafia and Rural dwellers","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116476462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines productivity of rubber in Peninsular Malaysia in a disaggregated form, since rubber is a perennial crop and grows in phases. Data collection was done on 327 smallholders among five districts of Negeri Sembilan state. However, only 307 observations were used in computing inferential statistics, because the young-age category has been removed due to statistically scanty nature of the sample size. The districts include Seremban, Tampin, Rembau, Kuala Pilah and Jempol. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were computed. The descriptive statistics revealed that 52.3% of the respondents were males, while 47.7% were females. 282 were Malays, while 7 and 2 were Chinese and Indians race respectively. Ninety three percent were married, almost 50% had secondary school certificate while only 2% were diploma holders. With regards to location, 41% ,32%,12.6%, 11% and 3.4% were from Jempol, Rembau, Kuala Pillah, Serembanand Tampinrespectively. The results further revealed that the mean rubber yield in kg/ha for the all-age, matured-age and old-age crops categories were 3,638 kg/ha, 4,611 kg/ha and 1,653 kg/ha respectively. This is an indication that matured-age category was found to be relatively higher in terms of rubber yield per hectare. The study also revealed that the mean technical efficiencies (TE) were 0.87, 0.91 and 0.65 respectively for all-age, matured-age and old-age crops. This means that there is actually a difference in mean TE between the all-age and the matured-age and old-age categories and thus, the study concludes that there is quite a difference between the aggregate and disaggregated forms as regards to both the yield and rubber efficiency. The study recommends that, number of household, tapping experience, farmers’ age and level of education of smallholders should be given more attention to increase efficiency. Also, tapping system of one-half spiral cut and alternate daily tapping (S/2 d2) should be adopted. The study further recommends that the traditional concept of computing efficiency or productivity of rubber and other perennial crops in an aggregated form should be complemented with the disaggregated form as this eliminates any bias and gives meaningful results. Keywords: Efficiency, Parametric, Stochastic Frontier Analysis, Translog and Rubber
{"title":"Farm level efficiency of rubber as a perennial crop: a translog production frontier approach","authors":"A. Aliyu","doi":"10.4314/gjass.v17i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v17i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines productivity of rubber in Peninsular Malaysia in a disaggregated form, since rubber is a perennial crop and grows in phases. Data collection was done on 327 smallholders among five districts of Negeri Sembilan state. However, only 307 observations were used in computing inferential statistics, because the young-age category has been removed due to statistically scanty nature of the sample size. The districts include Seremban, Tampin, Rembau, Kuala Pilah and Jempol. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were computed. The descriptive statistics revealed that 52.3% of the respondents were males, while 47.7% were females. 282 were Malays, while 7 and 2 were Chinese and Indians race respectively. Ninety three percent were married, almost 50% had secondary school certificate while only 2% were diploma holders. With regards to location, 41% ,32%,12.6%, 11% and 3.4% were from Jempol, Rembau, Kuala Pillah, Serembanand Tampinrespectively. The results further revealed that the mean rubber yield in kg/ha for the all-age, matured-age and old-age crops categories were 3,638 kg/ha, 4,611 kg/ha and 1,653 kg/ha respectively. This is an indication that matured-age category was found to be relatively higher in terms of rubber yield per hectare. The study also revealed that the mean technical efficiencies (TE) were 0.87, 0.91 and 0.65 respectively for all-age, matured-age and old-age crops. This means that there is actually a difference in mean TE between the all-age and the matured-age and old-age categories and thus, the study concludes that there is quite a difference between the aggregate and disaggregated forms as regards to both the yield and rubber efficiency. The study recommends that, number of household, tapping experience, farmers’ age and level of education of smallholders should be given more attention to increase efficiency. Also, tapping system of one-half spiral cut and alternate daily tapping (S/2 d2) should be adopted. The study further recommends that the traditional concept of computing efficiency or productivity of rubber and other perennial crops in an aggregated form should be complemented with the disaggregated form as this eliminates any bias and gives meaningful results. Keywords: Efficiency, Parametric, Stochastic Frontier Analysis, Translog and Rubber","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130442030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A comparative study on some physiological and yield traits of ginger was undertaken using two distinct ginger varieties, The experiments was laid out on flats in a randomized complete block design replicated five times and analysed as a split-plot experiment. The main-plot treatments were the two varieties and the sub-plot treatments were three sett sizes of the two varieties (10g, 20g and 30g). Each sub-plot was a 2.4m x 0.5m flat bed, each bed containing 20 setts planted at 20cm x 20cm spacing. UG 1 and UG 2 . The effects of sett sizes (10, 20 and 30g) on these traits were examined. The number of shoots and leaf area per stand, plant height, rhizome yield and the number of rhizome fingers increased with sett size. UG 1 produced significantly more shoots and rhizome fingers per stand and was also higher yielding than UG 2 which produced significantly taller plants, all at 0.05 probability level. There was no significant difference between the cultivars for leaf production. The physiological attributes for high yield in the ginger varieties included early foliage development and high yield capacity to channel dry matter into the rhizomes. High net assimilation rate (NAR) and relative growth rate (RGR) values did not ensure high yields. Keywords: Ginger, Zingiber officinale , growth parameters, RGR, NAR, LAR, yield
{"title":"Study of some physiological and yield traits of two ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) cultivars","authors":"E. Nwachukwu","doi":"10.4314/GJASS.V16I1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJASS.V16I1.10","url":null,"abstract":"A comparative study on some physiological and yield traits of ginger was undertaken using two distinct ginger varieties, The experiments was laid out on flats in a randomized complete block design replicated five times and analysed as a split-plot experiment. The main-plot treatments were the two varieties and the sub-plot treatments were three sett sizes of the two varieties (10g, 20g and 30g). Each sub-plot was a 2.4m x 0.5m flat bed, each bed containing 20 setts planted at 20cm x 20cm spacing. UG 1 and UG 2 . The effects of sett sizes (10, 20 and 30g) on these traits were examined. The number of shoots and leaf area per stand, plant height, rhizome yield and the number of rhizome fingers increased with sett size. UG 1 produced significantly more shoots and rhizome fingers per stand and was also higher yielding than UG 2 which produced significantly taller plants, all at 0.05 probability level. There was no significant difference between the cultivars for leaf production. The physiological attributes for high yield in the ginger varieties included early foliage development and high yield capacity to channel dry matter into the rhizomes. High net assimilation rate (NAR) and relative growth rate (RGR) values did not ensure high yields. Keywords: Ginger, Zingiber officinale , growth parameters, RGR, NAR, LAR, yield","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122817525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The comparative assessment of wetland and coastal plain soils for agricultural productivity were studied. The investigation was carried out in two areas: Atimbo and Obufa Esuk in Calabar, Cross River State. The dominant particle size in both coastal and wetland soil was sandy texture. The mean bulk density values of 1.35 g/cm 3 and 1.30 g/cm 3 were obtained for Atimbo and Obufa Esuk coastal plain soil while 1.33 g/cm 3 and 1.30 g/cm 3 were obtained for Atimbo and Obufa Esuk wetland soil respectively. Total porosity in wetland soils was lower than coastal plain soil whereas moisture content in wetland soil was higher than coastal plain soil. Except Ap horizon in Atimbo coastal plain soil, the pH observed for the studied soils were all below pH of 5.0 unit which signifies high acidic condition. The mean organic carbon content in coastal plain soil was lower than wetland soil. Available phosphorus in the studied soils were high with Atimbo and Obufa Esuk coastal plain soil having a mean value of 32.10 and 32.42 mg/kg respectively, whereas those in Atimbo and Obufa Esuk wetland soils were 32.73 and 33.88 mg/kg respectively. The exchangeable calcium content obtained for both coastal and wetland soils were all below the critical limit of 5.0 cmolkg -1 . Although exchangeable magnesium content was low in both soils but wetland soils was only slightly below the critical value of 1.5cmol/kg when compared to coastal plain soil. Both wetland and coastal plain soils were below (>0.2 cmolkg -1 ) critical level of K in soils of the zone. Also, exchangeable Na in both soil were low and below 0.3 cmol/kg limit and are adequate for cultivation of arable and tree crops. ECEC in both soils were low whereas percent base saturation was high. The mean C:N ratio in Atimbo and Obufa Esuk coastal plain soil were 11.45 and 15.48 respectively. Comparatively, the C:N ratio in Atimbo and Obufa Esuk wetland soils was slightly higher having a mean value of 16.39 and 18.14 respectively. This also reflect low rate of decomposition because of anaerobic condition of the soil. The Mg:K ratio were low in both soils. The Ca:Mg ratio values were high in wetland soil when compared with a normal range of 3:1-5:1 for productive soils and was low for coastal plain soil. Per cent silt content, moisture content, and exchangeable sodium of soil sample analyzed from wetland and coastal plain soil in Atimbo were significantly different (p<0.05). The result of the studied soils indicated that coastal plain soil is already losing its fertility status as typified by low values of organic carbon, total nitrogen, Exchangeable cations and high acidity couple with low moisture content; hence there is need to harnessed wetland soil for crop productivity. Wetland soils could be exploited for the cultivation of rice, oil palm, coconut, plantain, pineapple and sugar cane with judicious application of lime, and N and K fertilizers since these crops can perform well under acidic condition. Keywords: Wetlan
{"title":"Comparative assessment of wetland and coastal plain soils in Calabar, Cross River State","authors":"J. Akpan, E. Aki, I. A. Isong","doi":"10.4314/GJASS.V16I1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJASS.V16I1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The comparative assessment of wetland and coastal plain soils for agricultural productivity were studied. The investigation was carried out in two areas: Atimbo and Obufa Esuk in Calabar, Cross River State. The dominant particle size in both coastal and wetland soil was sandy texture. The mean bulk density values of 1.35 g/cm 3 and 1.30 g/cm 3 were obtained for Atimbo and Obufa Esuk coastal plain soil while 1.33 g/cm 3 and 1.30 g/cm 3 were obtained for Atimbo and Obufa Esuk wetland soil respectively. Total porosity in wetland soils was lower than coastal plain soil whereas moisture content in wetland soil was higher than coastal plain soil. Except Ap horizon in Atimbo coastal plain soil, the pH observed for the studied soils were all below pH of 5.0 unit which signifies high acidic condition. The mean organic carbon content in coastal plain soil was lower than wetland soil. Available phosphorus in the studied soils were high with Atimbo and Obufa Esuk coastal plain soil having a mean value of 32.10 and 32.42 mg/kg respectively, whereas those in Atimbo and Obufa Esuk wetland soils were 32.73 and 33.88 mg/kg respectively. The exchangeable calcium content obtained for both coastal and wetland soils were all below the critical limit of 5.0 cmolkg -1 . Although exchangeable magnesium content was low in both soils but wetland soils was only slightly below the critical value of 1.5cmol/kg when compared to coastal plain soil. Both wetland and coastal plain soils were below (>0.2 cmolkg -1 ) critical level of K in soils of the zone. Also, exchangeable Na in both soil were low and below 0.3 cmol/kg limit and are adequate for cultivation of arable and tree crops. ECEC in both soils were low whereas percent base saturation was high. The mean C:N ratio in Atimbo and Obufa Esuk coastal plain soil were 11.45 and 15.48 respectively. Comparatively, the C:N ratio in Atimbo and Obufa Esuk wetland soils was slightly higher having a mean value of 16.39 and 18.14 respectively. This also reflect low rate of decomposition because of anaerobic condition of the soil. The Mg:K ratio were low in both soils. The Ca:Mg ratio values were high in wetland soil when compared with a normal range of 3:1-5:1 for productive soils and was low for coastal plain soil. Per cent silt content, moisture content, and exchangeable sodium of soil sample analyzed from wetland and coastal plain soil in Atimbo were significantly different (p<0.05). The result of the studied soils indicated that coastal plain soil is already losing its fertility status as typified by low values of organic carbon, total nitrogen, Exchangeable cations and high acidity couple with low moisture content; hence there is need to harnessed wetland soil for crop productivity. Wetland soils could be exploited for the cultivation of rice, oil palm, coconut, plantain, pineapple and sugar cane with judicious application of lime, and N and K fertilizers since these crops can perform well under acidic condition. Keywords: Wetlan","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127710870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Access to credit facilities by poor rural farmers has the potential of making the difference between grinding poverty and economically secured life as well as enhancing agricultural productivity. However, limited availability of credit service has undermined rural income activities due to lack of capital for investment and has prevented farmers from adopting improved farming practices. This study was designed to analyze the determinants of credit access by Rice farmers in Baise local Government Area of Cross River State. Specifically the study examined factors influencing credit accessibility and identified constraints faced by farmers in credit acquisition. Purposive and multi stage sampling techniques were adopted in the selection of 96 Rice farmers from four communities. Primary data were collected through the use of structure questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequency count, mean, percentages and logistics regression analysis. The result of the analysis revealed that 69.7% of the respondents were male with an average age of 54 years. One third of the respondents had completed Ordinary National Diploma (OND) .The annual mean income of the respondents was ₦ 401.200. The findings also revealed that majority of the respondents accessed their loans from money lenders with a mean loan amount of ₦ 106,269. The factors that influenced credit accessibility were Age and annual income. The major constraints faced by rice farmers in accessing credit were high interest rate, lack of guarantor and collateral. In line with the findings of this study, it was recommended that high rate of interest charge by credit supplier should be reduce. Annual income was an important factor influencing credit access therefore rice farmers should be encourage on ways of increasing their farm income through diversification. Keywords: Access, Rice Farmers, Credit
{"title":"Determinants of access to credit among rice farmers in Biase Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria","authors":"Eucharia Agom Ajah, J. Igiri, H. B. Ekpenyong","doi":"10.4314/GJASS.V16I1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJASS.V16I1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Access to credit facilities by poor rural farmers has the potential of making the difference between grinding poverty and economically secured life as well as enhancing agricultural productivity. However, limited availability of credit service has undermined rural income activities due to lack of capital for investment and has prevented farmers from adopting improved farming practices. This study was designed to analyze the determinants of credit access by Rice farmers in Baise local Government Area of Cross River State. Specifically the study examined factors influencing credit accessibility and identified constraints faced by farmers in credit acquisition. Purposive and multi stage sampling techniques were adopted in the selection of 96 Rice farmers from four communities. Primary data were collected through the use of structure questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequency count, mean, percentages and logistics regression analysis. The result of the analysis revealed that 69.7% of the respondents were male with an average age of 54 years. One third of the respondents had completed Ordinary National Diploma (OND) .The annual mean income of the respondents was ₦ 401.200. The findings also revealed that majority of the respondents accessed their loans from money lenders with a mean loan amount of ₦ 106,269. The factors that influenced credit accessibility were Age and annual income. The major constraints faced by rice farmers in accessing credit were high interest rate, lack of guarantor and collateral. In line with the findings of this study, it was recommended that high rate of interest charge by credit supplier should be reduce. Annual income was an important factor influencing credit access therefore rice farmers should be encourage on ways of increasing their farm income through diversification. Keywords: Access, Rice Farmers, Credit","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130804171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was conducted to evaluate the feeding value of acha hay and lablab hay based diets to Yankasa rams. Twenty Yankasa rams aged between 6 to 9 months with average live-weight of 10 to 12kg were subjected to five treatment diets each consisting of four replicates in complete randomized design (CRD). The five treatment diets are T1 (Sole acha hay), T2 (Acha hay +100g lablab hay), T3 (Acha hay +200g lablab hay), T4 (Acha hay +300g lablab hay) and T5 (Acha hay +400g lablab hay). Feed intake was significantly different (P 0.05), although it increases with supplementation level. Nutrients digestibility was not significantly different (P>0.05) but improves with level of supplement. The Acha hay and lablab hay being available during period of scarcity could improve the performances of the animals. Keywords: Acha hay, Lablab hay, Digestibility, Performance, Yankasa rams
{"title":"Utilization of acha hay (Gigistaria exilis) with lablab hay (Lablab purpureus) as supplement for Yankasa rams in Adamawa State, Nigeria","authors":"T. Mbahi, D. Y. Goska","doi":"10.4314/GJASS.V16I1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/GJASS.V16I1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to evaluate the feeding value of acha hay and lablab hay based diets to Yankasa rams. Twenty Yankasa rams aged between 6 to 9 months with average live-weight of 10 to 12kg were subjected to five treatment diets each consisting of four replicates in complete randomized design (CRD). The five treatment diets are T1 (Sole acha hay), T2 (Acha hay +100g lablab hay), T3 (Acha hay +200g lablab hay), T4 (Acha hay +300g lablab hay) and T5 (Acha hay +400g lablab hay). Feed intake was significantly different (P 0.05), although it increases with supplementation level. Nutrients digestibility was not significantly different (P>0.05) but improves with level of supplement. The Acha hay and lablab hay being available during period of scarcity could improve the performances of the animals. Keywords: Acha hay, Lablab hay, Digestibility, Performance, Yankasa rams","PeriodicalId":250072,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133603633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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