Pub Date : 2022-07-17DOI: 10.17271/23188472107620223190
Tatiane Borchers, Victor Garcia Figueirôa-Ferreira, R. Fernandes
The growing and accelerated Brazilian urbanization has caused several adverse effects, among them the channelization of streams and rivers, often seen as a sign of progress. This urbanization and the worsening of climate change increases the magnitude of the threats to urban areas. The planning of green infrastructure seeks to integrate nature with the city, favoring the mitigation of environmental impacts and allowing greater adaptation and resilience in facing the problems caused by climate change. In this context, this study sought to analyze the renaturalization of a section of the Tijuco Preto stream, in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo state, Brazil, as a green infrastructure strategy and to contrast this section with the others, composed of gray infrastructure. The stream was divided into three study sections: (i) section 1 – renaturalized; (ii) section 2 – buried; and (iii) section 3 – channelized. Section 1, despite presenting the best environmental conditions of the whole stream, is configured as a fragment of green infrastructure that, alone, cannot mitigate all the impacts of adverse events downstream, such as floods. Thus, it is necessary to integrate this space with other equipment and green spaces, as well as expand the renaturalization initiative to the other sections.
{"title":"Fragments of green infrastructure: the case of the Tijuco Preto stream in São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil","authors":"Tatiane Borchers, Victor Garcia Figueirôa-Ferreira, R. Fernandes","doi":"10.17271/23188472107620223190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17271/23188472107620223190","url":null,"abstract":"The growing and accelerated Brazilian urbanization has caused several adverse effects, among them the channelization of streams and rivers, often seen as a sign of progress. This urbanization and the worsening of climate change increases the magnitude of the threats to urban areas. The planning of green infrastructure seeks to integrate nature with the city, favoring the mitigation of environmental impacts and allowing greater adaptation and resilience in facing the problems caused by climate change. In this context, this study sought to analyze the renaturalization of a section of the Tijuco Preto stream, in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo state, Brazil, as a green infrastructure strategy and to contrast this section with the others, composed of gray infrastructure. The stream was divided into three study sections: (i) section 1 – renaturalized; (ii) section 2 – buried; and (iii) section 3 – channelized. Section 1, despite presenting the best environmental conditions of the whole stream, is configured as a fragment of green infrastructure that, alone, cannot mitigate all the impacts of adverse events downstream, such as floods. Thus, it is necessary to integrate this space with other equipment and green spaces, as well as expand the renaturalization initiative to the other sections.","PeriodicalId":250730,"journal":{"name":"Revista Nacional de Gerenciamento de Cidades","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124808168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-17DOI: 10.17271/23188472107720223199
Simone Merino Chiquetti, João Roberto Gomes de Faria
The relationship between urban morphology and thermal conditions has been subject of several scientific studies and, recently, the role of vegetation in this context has been investigated, aiming to understand its contributions to the improvement of thermal comfort in outdoor environments. This study aimed to understand the relationship between urban vegetation present in the sky view factor (FVC) and thermal comfort. A systematic literature review on the subject was carried out by applying an adaptation of the Preferred Reporting Items methodological approach for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), seeking to guarantee a transparent and replicable work. The evaluated materials were obtained through database searches using the terms vegetation AND “thermal comfort” AND “sky view factor” and selected by criteria defined by the “PICOS” strategy. parameters referring to the main characteristics of the researches and results achieved, through the reading and tabulation of data with the help of electronic spreadsheets. The results obtained highlight the growing interest in the subject in scientific research, but demonstrate a lack of studies in Latin American countries. It is also observed that most studies indicate a positive relationship between vegetation in the FVC and thermal comfort, with the incidence of negative results at night, winter or interference with wind speed. Such scenarios indicate the need for more studies that seek better understand the particularities of the behavior of urban vegetation in different ways. between climatic and morphological contexts.
{"title":"Relationship between Vegetation, Sky View Factor and Thermal Comfort: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Simone Merino Chiquetti, João Roberto Gomes de Faria","doi":"10.17271/23188472107720223199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17271/23188472107720223199","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between urban morphology and thermal conditions has been subject of several scientific studies and, recently, the role of vegetation in this context has been investigated, aiming to understand its contributions to the improvement of thermal comfort in outdoor environments. This study aimed to understand the relationship between urban vegetation present in the sky view factor (FVC) and thermal comfort. A systematic literature review on the subject was carried out by applying an adaptation of the Preferred Reporting Items methodological approach for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), seeking to guarantee a transparent and replicable work. The evaluated materials were obtained through database searches using the terms vegetation AND “thermal comfort” AND “sky view factor” and selected by criteria defined by the “PICOS” strategy. parameters referring to the main characteristics of the researches and results achieved, through the reading and tabulation of data with the help of electronic spreadsheets. The results obtained highlight the growing interest in the subject in scientific research, but demonstrate a lack of studies in Latin American countries. It is also observed that most studies indicate a positive relationship between vegetation in the FVC and thermal comfort, with the incidence of negative results at night, winter or interference with wind speed. Such scenarios indicate the need for more studies that seek better understand the particularities of the behavior of urban vegetation in different ways. between climatic and morphological contexts.","PeriodicalId":250730,"journal":{"name":"Revista Nacional de Gerenciamento de Cidades","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130539955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-17DOI: 10.17271/23188472107620223188
Rafaella dos Santos Cavalcanti, M. L. Bezerra
In Brazil there is an intuitive comprehension of the idea that open and green spaces affect the quality of life, but there are few effective correlation studies about the aspects that most contribute and support efficacious interventions in cities and their degree of relevance. In Europe and other countries, such as Canada, efforts have been made since the late 1980s to understand the contribution of these open spaces to quality urban living. Aiming to identify the intensity of this correlation in Brazil, and more precisely in Recife/PE, this paper explores the variables of the MHDI in different ways, as they relate to the concept of quality of life through the availability of public open spaces in the city. To support the study, a review of the literature about healthy cities, quality of life and open and green spaces was carried out, as well as an analysis of the available indexes that reflect the correlation of these concepts. As a result, the study identified a weak correlation between the MHDI variables and the presence of open spaces, including paved and green spaces; but also a better correlation when only the spaces with the largest vegetation coverage were considered. Finally, the study emphasizes the need to carry out new research based on other aspects of quality of life, in particular those related to health already contemplated in the international literature, to foster healthier cities in Brazil through a more efficient implementation of open space systems.
{"title":"Contribution to the discussion on healthy cities: analysis of the correlation between the MHDI and the presence of public open spaces in the city of Recife/PE","authors":"Rafaella dos Santos Cavalcanti, M. L. Bezerra","doi":"10.17271/23188472107620223188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17271/23188472107620223188","url":null,"abstract":"In Brazil there is an intuitive comprehension of the idea that open and green spaces affect the quality of life, but there are few effective correlation studies about the aspects that most contribute and support efficacious interventions in cities and their degree of relevance. In Europe and other countries, such as Canada, efforts have been made since the late 1980s to understand the contribution of these open spaces to quality urban living. Aiming to identify the intensity of this correlation in Brazil, and more precisely in Recife/PE, this paper explores the variables of the MHDI in different ways, as they relate to the concept of quality of life through the availability of public open spaces in the city. To support the study, a review of the literature about healthy cities, quality of life and open and green spaces was carried out, as well as an analysis of the available indexes that reflect the correlation of these concepts. As a result, the study identified a weak correlation between the MHDI variables and the presence of open spaces, including paved and green spaces; but also a better correlation when only the spaces with the largest vegetation coverage were considered. Finally, the study emphasizes the need to carry out new research based on other aspects of quality of life, in particular those related to health already contemplated in the international literature, to foster healthier cities in Brazil through a more efficient implementation of open space systems.","PeriodicalId":250730,"journal":{"name":"Revista Nacional de Gerenciamento de Cidades","volume":"359 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115895151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-17DOI: 10.17271/23188472107620223091
Elton de Oliveira Gonçalves, A. M. Grigio, Luiz Tavernard de Souza Neto, M. A. Diodato
The expansion of human occupation over the limits of cities leads to the depletion of infrastructure, impacts on its dynamics and imposes mobility difficulties. This type of territorial occupation results in urbanization patterns that undermine equity, efficiency and the continuity of the city as a support for social life. Therefore, this article aims to reflect on the importance of socio-environmental vulnerability in territorial planning and its use to guarantee the social function of the city. In order to reach the objective, an integrative review was used using the following questions: What approaches have guided the approaches to socio-environmental vulnerability in undergraduate and graduate courses? What are the methodologies for applying socio-environmental vulnerability that can be identified in the publications? For the selection of articles, the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) database was used. It can be seen that research on socio-environmental vulnerability has contributed satisfactorily to the importance of this topic in Brazil, which allows progress through the use of new techniques and tools, which enabled a favorable diagnosis of socio-environmental vulnerability factors in the country. Brazilian context. However, it was found that in Brazil there is great potential to make a qualitative leap in several areas, including the issue of territorial planning, which should associate measures of an ethical, social, economic and environmental nature that carry out the maximum of Brazilian environmental legislation. With regard to land use and occupation, there is still a lack of awareness for an orderly, balanced and fair occupation.
{"title":"Socio-environmental vulnerability as a consequence of urban problems in Brazil: An overview","authors":"Elton de Oliveira Gonçalves, A. M. Grigio, Luiz Tavernard de Souza Neto, M. A. Diodato","doi":"10.17271/23188472107620223091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17271/23188472107620223091","url":null,"abstract":"The expansion of human occupation over the limits of cities leads to the depletion of infrastructure, impacts on its dynamics and imposes mobility difficulties. This type of territorial occupation results in urbanization patterns that undermine equity, efficiency and the continuity of the city as a support for social life. Therefore, this article aims to reflect on the importance of socio-environmental vulnerability in territorial planning and its use to guarantee the social function of the city. In order to reach the objective, an integrative review was used using the following questions: What approaches have guided the approaches to socio-environmental vulnerability in undergraduate and graduate courses? What are the methodologies for applying socio-environmental vulnerability that can be identified in the publications? For the selection of articles, the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) database was used. It can be seen that research on socio-environmental vulnerability has contributed satisfactorily to the importance of this topic in Brazil, which allows progress through the use of new techniques and tools, which enabled a favorable diagnosis of socio-environmental vulnerability factors in the country. Brazilian context. However, it was found that in Brazil there is great potential to make a qualitative leap in several areas, including the issue of territorial planning, which should associate measures of an ethical, social, economic and environmental nature that carry out the maximum of Brazilian environmental legislation. With regard to land use and occupation, there is still a lack of awareness for an orderly, balanced and fair occupation.","PeriodicalId":250730,"journal":{"name":"Revista Nacional de Gerenciamento de Cidades","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131226503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-17DOI: 10.17271/23188472107720223200
Ana Laura Assumpção, B. Bevilaqua, Paulo César Castral
The project "The city for all: perception, belonging, and preservation of the cultural heritage as a way of constituting the senses of collectivity in Bocaina city”, created in 2020, is an initiative of the Research Center for Language Studies in Architecture and City of the Institute of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of São Paulo, in São Carlos. Supported by the citizen science methodology, it aims at sharing scientific actions between university and city and creating a space for dialogue with the population towards a collective construction of scientific and empirical knowledge about Bocaina and subsidies for the development of public policies for the city focused on Cultural Heritage. This article describes the project and its trajectory to date for encouraging the design of projects in other contexts as a way to establish links, stimulate a sense of belonging, and above all, keep the local collective memory alive, thinking, in other words, in the broader sense of the [univer]city" concept.
{"title":"Weaving memories: the creation and trajectory of the project “The city for all: perception, belonging, and preservation of the cultural heritage as a way of constituting the senses of collectivity in Bocaina city”","authors":"Ana Laura Assumpção, B. Bevilaqua, Paulo César Castral","doi":"10.17271/23188472107720223200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17271/23188472107720223200","url":null,"abstract":"The project \"The city for all: perception, belonging, and preservation of the cultural heritage as a way of constituting the senses of collectivity in Bocaina city”, created in 2020, is an initiative of the Research Center for Language Studies in Architecture and City of the Institute of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of São Paulo, in São Carlos. Supported by the citizen science methodology, it aims at sharing scientific actions between university and city and creating a space for dialogue with the population towards a collective construction of scientific and empirical knowledge about Bocaina and subsidies for the development of public policies for the city focused on Cultural Heritage. This article describes the project and its trajectory to date for encouraging the design of projects in other contexts as a way to establish links, stimulate a sense of belonging, and above all, keep the local collective memory alive, thinking, in other words, in the broader sense of the [univer]city\" concept.","PeriodicalId":250730,"journal":{"name":"Revista Nacional de Gerenciamento de Cidades","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133883240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-17DOI: 10.17271/23188472107620223189
Anna Krause, J. O. Goulart
The urban development of medium-sized cities in the interior of São Paulo state reproduced, to a large extent, the segregating logic of the Brazilian urbanization of large urban centers throughout the XX century. This paper analyzes the remarkable characteristics of the recent urbanization process in the city of Bauru (SP), relating them to the rise of precarious settlements in the form of the favela and the phenomenon of contemporary segregation in fortified enclaves. The object of analysis is the Jardim Nicéia slum, located between gated condominiums in the southern part of the city. The methodology used included a bibliographic review of theoretical and analytical references, research on demographic and socioeconomic data sources (IBGE, City Hall and municipal public agencies) and socio-spatial analysis of the area, in order to interpret how segregation is reproduced in this specific territorial area.
{"title":"Contrasts of urban development in Bauru city (SP): slum and fortified enclaves in Jardim Nicéia","authors":"Anna Krause, J. O. Goulart","doi":"10.17271/23188472107620223189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17271/23188472107620223189","url":null,"abstract":"The urban development of medium-sized cities in the interior of São Paulo state reproduced, to a large extent, the segregating logic of the Brazilian urbanization of large urban centers throughout the XX century. This paper analyzes the remarkable characteristics of the recent urbanization process in the city of Bauru (SP), relating them to the rise of precarious settlements in the form of the favela and the phenomenon of contemporary segregation in fortified enclaves. The object of analysis is the Jardim Nicéia slum, located between gated condominiums in the southern part of the city. The methodology used included a bibliographic review of theoretical and analytical references, research on demographic and socioeconomic data sources (IBGE, City Hall and municipal public agencies) and socio-spatial analysis of the area, in order to interpret how segregation is reproduced in this specific territorial area.","PeriodicalId":250730,"journal":{"name":"Revista Nacional de Gerenciamento de Cidades","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126134719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-17DOI: 10.17271/23188472107720223191
Rita de Cássia Nogueira Pinheiro, Franklin Roberto Ferreira de Paula, Maria Isabel Imbronito
This article consists of an analysis of open spaces network in the Encosta Norte Housing Complex, located in the city of São Paulo. The complex accommodates a series of open areas in its extensive area that can be grouped into three categories: programmed spaces, spaces of spontaneous use and spaces of potentiality. The first group consists of squares conceived in the original CDHU project and which contain equipment and furniture for permanence, leisure and physical exercise. The second group is the result of the transformation processes that the area has undergone since the installation of the complex and whose uses have been adapted gradually. Potential areas are empty awaiting definition of form and use. This article aims to understand how the network of open spaces is constituted and consolidated from the use that residents make of it. To this end, the methodology applied uses technical visits to the site, interviews with technicians from the CDHU, in addition to the analysis of documents such as maps, projects and literature review. As a result, a fragmented territory was found, with free spaces included in the different categories listed, and which, at times, distanced itself from the planned condition during the idealization of the set. It is possible to understand that this network of open spaces in the Encosta Norte Housing Complex is diversified and made more flexible depending on how residents use each of these spaces: sometimes as a permanence, sometimes as a crossing, sometimes as leisure, sometimes as a latency void.
{"title":"Open Spaces and Transformations in the Territory of the Encosta Norte Housing Complex, East Side of São Paulo","authors":"Rita de Cássia Nogueira Pinheiro, Franklin Roberto Ferreira de Paula, Maria Isabel Imbronito","doi":"10.17271/23188472107720223191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17271/23188472107720223191","url":null,"abstract":"This article consists of an analysis of open spaces network in the Encosta Norte Housing Complex, located in the city of São Paulo. The complex accommodates a series of open areas in its extensive area that can be grouped into three categories: programmed spaces, spaces of spontaneous use and spaces of potentiality. The first group consists of squares conceived in the original CDHU project and which contain equipment and furniture for permanence, leisure and physical exercise. The second group is the result of the transformation processes that the area has undergone since the installation of the complex and whose uses have been adapted gradually. Potential areas are empty awaiting definition of form and use. This article aims to understand how the network of open spaces is constituted and consolidated from the use that residents make of it. To this end, the methodology applied uses technical visits to the site, interviews with technicians from the CDHU, in addition to the analysis of documents such as maps, projects and literature review. As a result, a fragmented territory was found, with free spaces included in the different categories listed, and which, at times, distanced itself from the planned condition during the idealization of the set. It is possible to understand that this network of open spaces in the Encosta Norte Housing Complex is diversified and made more flexible depending on how residents use each of these spaces: sometimes as a permanence, sometimes as a crossing, sometimes as leisure, sometimes as a latency void.","PeriodicalId":250730,"journal":{"name":"Revista Nacional de Gerenciamento de Cidades","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121606525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-16DOI: 10.17271/23188472107620223094
Rosana Campos Dos Santos, Amanda Rodrigues da Silva Oliveira, Mariana De Athayde Salomão, José Alberto Barroso Castañon
Disasters are phenomena such as: floods, landslides, droughts, hurricanes, earthquakes, among others. Risk and disaster management is a social process that aims to reduce and permanently control the main factors that cause disasters in society. According to the UN (2021), in the last two decades floods were responsible for over 40% of disasters, negatively impacting 1.65 billion people, followed by major storms representing 28%, earthquakes 8% and extreme temperatures 6%. This paper uses as methodology qualitative and exploratory research, followed by literature review, to map the landscape of disaster resilience in Juiz de Fora/MG. Urbanization is a global challenge, in 30 years two thirds of the world's population will reside in urban areas, so it is essential that cities adapt to be resilient, to preserve life and the environment
灾害是诸如洪水、滑坡、干旱、飓风、地震等现象。风险与灾害管理是一个旨在减少和永久控制社会中造成灾害的主要因素的社会过程。根据联合国(2021年)的数据，在过去二十年中，洪水造成了超过40%的灾害，对16.5亿人产生了负面影响，其次是大风暴，占28%，地震占8%，极端温度占6%。本文采用定性和探索性研究方法，然后进行文献综述，绘制了Juiz de Fora/MG的灾害恢复力景观。城市化是一项全球性挑战，30年后，世界上三分之二的人口将居住在城市地区，因此，城市必须适应并具有复原力，以保护生命和环境
{"title":"Smart cities: Disaster Resilience Outlook in the city Juiz de Fora / MG","authors":"Rosana Campos Dos Santos, Amanda Rodrigues da Silva Oliveira, Mariana De Athayde Salomão, José Alberto Barroso Castañon","doi":"10.17271/23188472107620223094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17271/23188472107620223094","url":null,"abstract":"Disasters are phenomena such as: floods, landslides, droughts, hurricanes, earthquakes, among others. Risk and disaster management is a social process that aims to reduce and permanently control the main factors that cause disasters in society. According to the UN (2021), in the last two decades floods were responsible for over 40% of disasters, negatively impacting 1.65 billion people, followed by major storms representing 28%, earthquakes 8% and extreme temperatures 6%. This paper uses as methodology qualitative and exploratory research, followed by literature review, to map the landscape of disaster resilience in Juiz de Fora/MG. Urbanization is a global challenge, in 30 years two thirds of the world's population will reside in urban areas, so it is essential that cities adapt to be resilient, to preserve life and the environment","PeriodicalId":250730,"journal":{"name":"Revista Nacional de Gerenciamento de Cidades","volume":"310 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122017835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-16DOI: 10.17271/23188472107720222842
Larissa Fernanda Vieira Martins
Urban parks have always accompanied the history of man. They represent the main areas for leisure, recreation and contact with nature in city environments. Identifying the formation and transition processes of these spaces reveals the influences that determined parks’ profiles as they are today. This article sets out to trace the historical, conceptual and functional evolution of urban parks and identify tendencies in the typologies of new parks. The historical method is employed whereby investigations of processes in the past enable a verification of their influence on present day society. In the past, parks emerged to improve urban populations’ quality of life in the post-industrialization period whereas, nowadays, parks seek to strike a balance between built up areas and natural ones. Against that background parks are a response to the needs and aspirations of the population in each historical period of its living experience. Currently the most frequently proposed park typology is that of ‘linear parks’ associated to water courses. Given the absence of spaces in cities that would enable the maintenance of ecological integrity in valley-bottoms, and the advanced state of degradation of those environments, new parks tend to be designed from a sanitation perspective as their functionalities can foster flood control by means of permeable areas, avoidance of irregular occupation by attributing new land use, and contributions to the quality of life by making leisure and recreation spaces available. This research contributes by systematizing the evolutive process and identifying tendencies in the configuration of new parks to address contemporary needs. .
{"title":"Urban Parks: from romanticizing to sanitation – from theory to reality","authors":"Larissa Fernanda Vieira Martins","doi":"10.17271/23188472107720222842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17271/23188472107720222842","url":null,"abstract":"Urban parks have always accompanied the history of man. They represent the main areas for leisure, recreation and contact with nature in city environments. Identifying the formation and transition processes of these spaces reveals the influences that determined parks’ profiles as they are today. This article sets out to trace the historical, conceptual and functional evolution of urban parks and identify tendencies in the typologies of new parks. The historical method is employed whereby investigations of processes in the past enable a verification of their influence on present day society. In the past, parks emerged to improve urban populations’ quality of life in the post-industrialization period whereas, nowadays, parks seek to strike a balance between built up areas and natural ones. Against that background parks are a response to the needs and aspirations of the population in each historical period of its living experience. Currently the most frequently proposed park typology is that of ‘linear parks’ associated to water courses. Given the absence of spaces in cities that would enable the maintenance of ecological integrity in valley-bottoms, and the advanced state of degradation of those environments, new parks tend to be designed from a sanitation perspective as their functionalities can foster flood control by means of permeable areas, avoidance of irregular occupation by attributing new land use, and contributions to the quality of life by making leisure and recreation spaces available. This research contributes by systematizing the evolutive process and identifying tendencies in the configuration of new parks to address contemporary needs.\u0000.","PeriodicalId":250730,"journal":{"name":"Revista Nacional de Gerenciamento de Cidades","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127970912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-16DOI: 10.17271/23188472107620223092
Elton de Oliveira Gonçalves, A. M. Grigio, Luiz Tavernard de Souza Neto, M. A. Diodato
The growing demand for the operationalization of scientific concepts makes them to be proposed as an intervention design. In this context, the objective of this study is to know the concepts and conceptions that identify vulnerability, be it social, environmental or socio-environmental, as well as to distinguish the types of vulnerability; identify social, environmental and socio-environmental vulnerability factors; and, analyze the role of public policies in mitigating vulnerabilities. Therefore, a bibliographic research was carried out with a descriptive approach. It was found that people in general need to be aware of the risks and vulnerabilities that are permanently observed in cities. The rapid and intense alteration of natural landscapes into artificial landscapes generated, above all, by human constructions, and which characterize urban spaces, results in numerous problems for cities, requiring public policies to create defense mechanisms for risk factors. so that all together can overcome vulnerabilities, be they social, environmental or socio-environmental.
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