Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280253
H. Groenewald, J. V. van Rensburg, J. Marais
Mine dewatering systems are energy intensive and present ample opportunity for the implementation of electricity cost saving measures. One such electricity cost saving measure is the implementation of load shifting projects to shift pumping load from the peak periods to the off-peak periods of the Eskom Megaflex tariff structure. However, past experience has shown that the electricity cost savings generated by a pump load shifting project can deteriorate without proper maintenance. The major causes of the deterioration were therefore investigated with the aim of developing a maintenance procedure. The maintenance procedure consists of four sections: data loss prevention, mechanical failure prevention, control & instrumentation maintenance and control parameter optimisation. The developed maintenance procedure was implemented on the dewatering systems of South African gold mines. Results indicate that the application of the maintenance procedure resulted in both increased electricity cost savings and sustained performance.
{"title":"Maintenance procedure for improved sustainability of DSM pump load shifting projects","authors":"H. Groenewald, J. V. van Rensburg, J. Marais","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280253","url":null,"abstract":"Mine dewatering systems are energy intensive and present ample opportunity for the implementation of electricity cost saving measures. One such electricity cost saving measure is the implementation of load shifting projects to shift pumping load from the peak periods to the off-peak periods of the Eskom Megaflex tariff structure. However, past experience has shown that the electricity cost savings generated by a pump load shifting project can deteriorate without proper maintenance. The major causes of the deterioration were therefore investigated with the aim of developing a maintenance procedure. The maintenance procedure consists of four sections: data loss prevention, mechanical failure prevention, control & instrumentation maintenance and control parameter optimisation. The developed maintenance procedure was implemented on the dewatering systems of South African gold mines. Results indicate that the application of the maintenance procedure resulted in both increased electricity cost savings and sustained performance.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123355473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280259
Stephan van Jaarsveld, J. D. du Plessis, R. Pelzer
The mining sector is a vital contributor to the economy of South Africa. This sector, however, consumes 15% of the country's electrical energy. Deep mine operations require ventilation and cooling (VC) systems, which can account for up to 25% of the mine's electricity cost. Refrigeration systems provide the cold water and air needed by the VC systems to mine at depths of over 2 km. Electricity cost savings on these refrigeration systems can be achieved by using time-dependent operating schedules. Peak-time electricity usage especially needs to be minimised to maximise these cost savings. The focus of this study was the development of a Bulk Air Cooler (BAC) controller, due to the lack of a controller to regulate these systems in the mining industry. This controller enables equipment to adapt dynamically to environmental changes by monitoring the underground temperature and adhering to input boundaries. The BAC controller was implemented on two sites, to control pumps, chillers and fans. A combined daily peak-time usage reduction of 4.3 MW was achieved on the two sites. This translates to an annual cost saving of R831 973. There is also a clear need to reduce electricity usage during the Eskom peak period. The BAC controller was therefore designed to monitor and control mine refrigeration machines. Equipment can thus be switched off during peak periods, provided the environmental parameters comply with safety regulations.
{"title":"A control system for the efficient operation of Bulk Air Coolers on a mine","authors":"Stephan van Jaarsveld, J. D. du Plessis, R. Pelzer","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280259","url":null,"abstract":"The mining sector is a vital contributor to the economy of South Africa. This sector, however, consumes 15% of the country's electrical energy. Deep mine operations require ventilation and cooling (VC) systems, which can account for up to 25% of the mine's electricity cost. Refrigeration systems provide the cold water and air needed by the VC systems to mine at depths of over 2 km. Electricity cost savings on these refrigeration systems can be achieved by using time-dependent operating schedules. Peak-time electricity usage especially needs to be minimised to maximise these cost savings. The focus of this study was the development of a Bulk Air Cooler (BAC) controller, due to the lack of a controller to regulate these systems in the mining industry. This controller enables equipment to adapt dynamically to environmental changes by monitoring the underground temperature and adhering to input boundaries. The BAC controller was implemented on two sites, to control pumps, chillers and fans. A combined daily peak-time usage reduction of 4.3 MW was achieved on the two sites. This translates to an annual cost saving of R831 973. There is also a clear need to reduce electricity usage during the Eskom peak period. The BAC controller was therefore designed to monitor and control mine refrigeration machines. Equipment can thus be switched off during peak periods, provided the environmental parameters comply with safety regulations.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124143325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280282
S. Krishnamurthy, C. W. Van Wyk
Electrical protection plays an important role in the transmission of electricity. This is due to the mere fact that human control can cause disruption in transmitting the electricity to the end-user. Distance protection, which forms part of electrical protection, is one of the most important types of protection to ensure the continuity of supply to the end-users. Proper electrical protection measures are required to avoid the damages on the overhead line equipment and to maintain continuity of the supply to the end users. The paper investigates problem formulation, algorithms, and methods used in the distance protection scheme development. This paper determines the relay configuration settings and describes how to implement the distance protection into the power system network by using the Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). The power system network is modelled in the RSCAD Software and the operation of the distance relay is analysed with the help of the three zones R-X diagram. A 230 kV, 180 km transmission line is used to implement and test the MHO type distance protection scheme. The results are validated for different types of fault events on the various sections of the power system network.
{"title":"Implementation of a distance protection scheme using Real-Time Digital Simulator","authors":"S. Krishnamurthy, C. W. Van Wyk","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280282","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical protection plays an important role in the transmission of electricity. This is due to the mere fact that human control can cause disruption in transmitting the electricity to the end-user. Distance protection, which forms part of electrical protection, is one of the most important types of protection to ensure the continuity of supply to the end-users. Proper electrical protection measures are required to avoid the damages on the overhead line equipment and to maintain continuity of the supply to the end users. The paper investigates problem formulation, algorithms, and methods used in the distance protection scheme development. This paper determines the relay configuration settings and describes how to implement the distance protection into the power system network by using the Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). The power system network is modelled in the RSCAD Software and the operation of the distance relay is analysed with the help of the three zones R-X diagram. A 230 kV, 180 km transmission line is used to implement and test the MHO type distance protection scheme. The results are validated for different types of fault events on the various sections of the power system network.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127081685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280280
T. Arnold, A. C. Adewole, R. Tzoneva
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) developed a global standard for power system communication permitting Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) to interoperate within the smart grid environment. However, in order for electric power utility companies to adopt IEC 61850 standard-based devices with confidence, it is necessary to carry out performance tests and evaluations to allay their fears. This paper presents an evaluation of the performance of IEC 61850 standard-based devices with respect to their speed, security, and dependability of operation. The study was implemented using multi-vendor IEDs configured for a Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip (POTT) communication scheme with conventional proprietary protocols and the IEC 61850 Generic Object Oriented Substation Events (GOOSE) messages based on hardware-in-the-loop simulations with the Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). RSCAD software was used in the modelling of a typical power system network protected by two multi-vendor distance protection IEDs using a lab-scale testbed designed and implemented for the investigations relating to this paper. Real-time simulations for various fault locations and fault resistances were carried out. The results obtained demonstrated the dependability and security of the operation of the IEC 61850-based POTT communication scheme with faster operating times compared with the conventional POTT communication scheme based on vendor-specific proprietary protocols. This paper could serve as a reference to electric power utility companies as they adopt IEC 61850 standard-based devices in their networks.
{"title":"Performance testing and assessment of multi-vendor protection schemes using proprietary protocols and the IEC 61850 standard","authors":"T. Arnold, A. C. Adewole, R. Tzoneva","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280280","url":null,"abstract":"The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) developed a global standard for power system communication permitting Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) to interoperate within the smart grid environment. However, in order for electric power utility companies to adopt IEC 61850 standard-based devices with confidence, it is necessary to carry out performance tests and evaluations to allay their fears. This paper presents an evaluation of the performance of IEC 61850 standard-based devices with respect to their speed, security, and dependability of operation. The study was implemented using multi-vendor IEDs configured for a Permissive Overreaching Transfer Trip (POTT) communication scheme with conventional proprietary protocols and the IEC 61850 Generic Object Oriented Substation Events (GOOSE) messages based on hardware-in-the-loop simulations with the Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). RSCAD software was used in the modelling of a typical power system network protected by two multi-vendor distance protection IEDs using a lab-scale testbed designed and implemented for the investigations relating to this paper. Real-time simulations for various fault locations and fault resistances were carried out. The results obtained demonstrated the dependability and security of the operation of the IEC 61850-based POTT communication scheme with faster operating times compared with the conventional POTT communication scheme based on vendor-specific proprietary protocols. This paper could serve as a reference to electric power utility companies as they adopt IEC 61850 standard-based devices in their networks.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134284664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280254
P. Maré, J. Marais, J. V. van Rensburg
Mining- and industrial sectors consumed close to 40% of the total energy produced in the world during 2013. Cooling systems account for approximately one quarter of the total electricity consumption of a typical deep-level mine. However, most mine cooling systems lack integrated management and efficient, optimised control. Electricity demand can thus be reduced through the implementation of energy saving measures on these cooling systems. Successful implementation of these energy saving measures results in both improved utilisation and performance of mine cooling systems. Existing implementation strategies, however, do not prevent deterioration of the utilisation and performance of the mine cooling systems. This necessitates the development of improved implementation strategies that focus on long-term project sustainabil i ty. Several newly developed strategies were thus proposed and applied during the implementation of an energy saving project on a mine cooling system. The improved implementation strategies in this case study resulted in sustainable savings of 0.66 MW. The case study therefore achieved an electricity cost saving of R2.9 million per anum, based on the 2013/2014 Eskom electricity tariffs.
{"title":"Improved implementation strategies to sustain energy saving measures on mine cooling systems","authors":"P. Maré, J. Marais, J. V. van Rensburg","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280254","url":null,"abstract":"Mining- and industrial sectors consumed close to 40% of the total energy produced in the world during 2013. Cooling systems account for approximately one quarter of the total electricity consumption of a typical deep-level mine. However, most mine cooling systems lack integrated management and efficient, optimised control. Electricity demand can thus be reduced through the implementation of energy saving measures on these cooling systems. Successful implementation of these energy saving measures results in both improved utilisation and performance of mine cooling systems. Existing implementation strategies, however, do not prevent deterioration of the utilisation and performance of the mine cooling systems. This necessitates the development of improved implementation strategies that focus on long-term project sustainabil i ty. Several newly developed strategies were thus proposed and applied during the implementation of an energy saving project on a mine cooling system. The improved implementation strategies in this case study resulted in sustainable savings of 0.66 MW. The case study therefore achieved an electricity cost saving of R2.9 million per anum, based on the 2013/2014 Eskom electricity tariffs.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132518673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280260
L. A. Meijsen, J. V. van Rensburg, W. Booysen
The majority of Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) implemented by South African Energy Service Companies (ESCOs), are funded by the Eskom Demand Side Management (DSM) initiative. In 2013 Eskom reported a total DSM savings of 595 MW. To measure this effect power usage data needs to be recorded. A slight variance with the accuracy of measurements will have a significant impact on the reported savings. It is therefore of critical importance to ensure consistent energy measurements throughout the life cycle of the ECM.A study was conducted in order to investigate how each step of the measurement process contributes towards the overall accuracy. Components investigated include instrumentation transformers, the Analogue Digital Conversion (ADC) process and the different signal processing techniques available. The study also investigated different power loggers and their impact on the overall accuracy. The study found that each component has the potential to affect the accuracy of the measurement. However, the most significant risk that affects the accuracy was not any specific component, but rather the process of installation and setup of the equipment. This prompted the development of a procedure to address the verification of measurements. The verification procedure consists of three main parts namely, Verify measurements of temporary power logger, Evaluation of data recorded and Verification of permanent power logger.
{"title":"Verification procedures to ensure consistent energy metering","authors":"L. A. Meijsen, J. V. van Rensburg, W. Booysen","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280260","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) implemented by South African Energy Service Companies (ESCOs), are funded by the Eskom Demand Side Management (DSM) initiative. In 2013 Eskom reported a total DSM savings of 595 MW. To measure this effect power usage data needs to be recorded. A slight variance with the accuracy of measurements will have a significant impact on the reported savings. It is therefore of critical importance to ensure consistent energy measurements throughout the life cycle of the ECM.A study was conducted in order to investigate how each step of the measurement process contributes towards the overall accuracy. Components investigated include instrumentation transformers, the Analogue Digital Conversion (ADC) process and the different signal processing techniques available. The study also investigated different power loggers and their impact on the overall accuracy. The study found that each component has the potential to affect the accuracy of the measurement. However, the most significant risk that affects the accuracy was not any specific component, but rather the process of installation and setup of the equipment. This prompted the development of a procedure to address the verification of measurements. The verification procedure consists of three main parts namely, Verify measurements of temporary power logger, Evaluation of data recorded and Verification of permanent power logger.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122600517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280255
I. M. Prinsloo, J. D. du Plessis, H. Brand
Large energy consumers have recently experienced increasing pressure to reduce their energy consumption. The South African government therefore adapted legislation to provide financial incentives through Demand Side Management and tax incentive programmes aimed at conserving energy. However, to benefit from these programmes energy consumers need energy reporting tools to accurately manage their consumption. Therefore, a comprehensive data consolidation platform was developed. This platform provides users with a framework to import energy data and production data from multiple sources. The resulting dataset thus enables users to produce the required reports. Customised processing modules can also be added to the platform without adapting the plat-form's structure. These processing modules reformat files and save it in a generic format. These generic files are then archived and imported into the generic database. The platform was successfully implemented and used to consolidate data from nine large energy consumers in South Africa. The data consolidation platform was then combined with an on-line energy management system to produce reports. Three presented reports were then compiled from the comprehensive database and these comply with industry standards and templates. The generic data consolidation platform therefore allows users to manage energy related data by consolidating it into a single comprehensive data set. Energy report generation is simplified by combining the platform with an energy management system.
{"title":"A data consolidation platform for a web-based energy information system","authors":"I. M. Prinsloo, J. D. du Plessis, H. Brand","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280255","url":null,"abstract":"Large energy consumers have recently experienced increasing pressure to reduce their energy consumption. The South African government therefore adapted legislation to provide financial incentives through Demand Side Management and tax incentive programmes aimed at conserving energy. However, to benefit from these programmes energy consumers need energy reporting tools to accurately manage their consumption. Therefore, a comprehensive data consolidation platform was developed. This platform provides users with a framework to import energy data and production data from multiple sources. The resulting dataset thus enables users to produce the required reports. Customised processing modules can also be added to the platform without adapting the plat-form's structure. These processing modules reformat files and save it in a generic format. These generic files are then archived and imported into the generic database. The platform was successfully implemented and used to consolidate data from nine large energy consumers in South Africa. The data consolidation platform was then combined with an on-line energy management system to produce reports. Three presented reports were then compiled from the comprehensive database and these comply with industry standards and templates. The generic data consolidation platform therefore allows users to manage energy related data by consolidating it into a single comprehensive data set. Energy report generation is simplified by combining the platform with an energy management system.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"06 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127195217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280268
J. Taulo, A. Sebitosi
The tea industry in Malawi is energy intensive and is one of the top consumers of energy in the country. This study presents an energy consumption analysis for eight representative tea factories in Malawi. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaire, detailed audits of records, physical instrumentation measurements, interviews and direct observation. Results indicate that thermal energy share is on average 85% while electrical and manual energy is on average of 14.97% and 0.03%, respectively. The specific electrical and thermal energy consumption was found to be 0.64 kWh/kg and 13.41 kWh/kg of made tea, respectively, which is consistent with the data (0.4 - 0.7 kWh/kg and 4 - 18 kWh/kg) reported in the literature. Average specific fuel consumption was calculated to be 3.55 kg wood/kg of produced tea compared to 1.7 kg wood/kg of made tea quoted for tea factories in other producing countries. In addition, results of this study show that sizeable amounts of energy can be saved using a variety of interventions such as variable speed drives, waste heat recovery, improving combustion efficiency, use of energy efficient motors, use of flat belts, and alternative energy sources. This analysis serves as a benchmark for the tea industry and as a base case for stimulating changes aimed at more efficient energy utilization.
{"title":"Energy consumption analysis for the Malawian tea industry","authors":"J. Taulo, A. Sebitosi","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280268","url":null,"abstract":"The tea industry in Malawi is energy intensive and is one of the top consumers of energy in the country. This study presents an energy consumption analysis for eight representative tea factories in Malawi. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaire, detailed audits of records, physical instrumentation measurements, interviews and direct observation. Results indicate that thermal energy share is on average 85% while electrical and manual energy is on average of 14.97% and 0.03%, respectively. The specific electrical and thermal energy consumption was found to be 0.64 kWh/kg and 13.41 kWh/kg of made tea, respectively, which is consistent with the data (0.4 - 0.7 kWh/kg and 4 - 18 kWh/kg) reported in the literature. Average specific fuel consumption was calculated to be 3.55 kg wood/kg of produced tea compared to 1.7 kg wood/kg of made tea quoted for tea factories in other producing countries. In addition, results of this study show that sizeable amounts of energy can be saved using a variety of interventions such as variable speed drives, waste heat recovery, improving combustion efficiency, use of energy efficient motors, use of flat belts, and alternative energy sources. This analysis serves as a benchmark for the tea industry and as a base case for stimulating changes aimed at more efficient energy utilization.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129012461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280288
O. I. Adekola, A. Raji
The effects on the atmosphere of the global use of conventional fossil fuel have given rise to the use of renewable energy sources as distributed generation (DG) generators. The renewable energy source is considered as a clean source of power generation which is also known as an alternative energy to conventional fossil fuels. Among the renewable energy sources, high interest is on the solar energy which generates electricity using PV (photo voltaic) modules. This has led to the increasing number of the grid-connected inverter affecting the power quality of the system and also causing instability in the grid. The smart inverter has gained more attention for mitigating the negative impacts of grid interfaced variable and intermittent energy sources such as solar energy. This paper presents the functionalities of the various configurations of the grid-connected inverter and how efficient each of the configurations is and their benefits. Simulation results were carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK to demonstrate the capability of grid-connected distributed generation to provide ancillary services.
{"title":"Functionalities of smart inverter system for grid-connected applications","authors":"O. I. Adekola, A. Raji","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280288","url":null,"abstract":"The effects on the atmosphere of the global use of conventional fossil fuel have given rise to the use of renewable energy sources as distributed generation (DG) generators. The renewable energy source is considered as a clean source of power generation which is also known as an alternative energy to conventional fossil fuels. Among the renewable energy sources, high interest is on the solar energy which generates electricity using PV (photo voltaic) modules. This has led to the increasing number of the grid-connected inverter affecting the power quality of the system and also causing instability in the grid. The smart inverter has gained more attention for mitigating the negative impacts of grid interfaced variable and intermittent energy sources such as solar energy. This paper presents the functionalities of the various configurations of the grid-connected inverter and how efficient each of the configurations is and their benefits. Simulation results were carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK to demonstrate the capability of grid-connected distributed generation to provide ancillary services.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127863446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280256
Johannes P. Spangenberg, M. Kleingeld, J. V. van Rensburg
In any developing country an increasingly higher demand for electricity supply exists. South Africa experienced load shedding during 2007/2008 and again in 2014 due to a supply shortfall. Demand Side Management (DSM) is a short-term solution to stabilise the national grid by managing the electricity demand on the consumer's side. DSM aims to reduce the electricity consumption with immediate results in the short-term.
{"title":"Analysing the effect of DSM projects at South African cement factories","authors":"Johannes P. Spangenberg, M. Kleingeld, J. V. van Rensburg","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280256","url":null,"abstract":"In any developing country an increasingly higher demand for electricity supply exists. South Africa experienced load shedding during 2007/2008 and again in 2014 due to a supply shortfall. Demand Side Management (DSM) is a short-term solution to stabilise the national grid by managing the electricity demand on the consumer's side. DSM aims to reduce the electricity consumption with immediate results in the short-term.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116786068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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