Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280251
T. Koegelenberg, N. Pillay
The growth in South Africa's population and economy increases the need to ensure that future unserved electricity is avoided by ensuring adequate electricity supply. The understanding of the various elements that impact the different economic sectors' electricity consumption is key in effective electricity supply planning. A system dynamics approach was used to develop a simulation of the South African forestry & logging sector, projecting the electricity demand from 1992 to 2040. This paper focuses on the results that were obtained following the development of the system dynamics simulator which was used to facilitate dynamic sensitivity analysis to better understand this complex system of many interacting variables. The electricity consumption is driven by material flows through the different forestry and production mill processes that require electricity. In turn, the volume of material flow per products stream is driven by a change in GDP. The simulator allows scenario analysis on changes in electricity consumption as a function of variations in some of the key drivers of the sector e.g. trends in the implementation of energy efficient technologies and selfor co-generation options. The methodology used in developing the simulator and results obtained from running scenarios will be discussed in this paper.
{"title":"A system dynamics approach to simulating the electricity demand for the South African forestry & logging sector","authors":"T. Koegelenberg, N. Pillay","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280251","url":null,"abstract":"The growth in South Africa's population and economy increases the need to ensure that future unserved electricity is avoided by ensuring adequate electricity supply. The understanding of the various elements that impact the different economic sectors' electricity consumption is key in effective electricity supply planning. A system dynamics approach was used to develop a simulation of the South African forestry & logging sector, projecting the electricity demand from 1992 to 2040. This paper focuses on the results that were obtained following the development of the system dynamics simulator which was used to facilitate dynamic sensitivity analysis to better understand this complex system of many interacting variables. The electricity consumption is driven by material flows through the different forestry and production mill processes that require electricity. In turn, the volume of material flow per products stream is driven by a change in GDP. The simulator allows scenario analysis on changes in electricity consumption as a function of variations in some of the key drivers of the sector e.g. trends in the implementation of energy efficient technologies and selfor co-generation options. The methodology used in developing the simulator and results obtained from running scenarios will be discussed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"252 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122106680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280243
Wynand J. J. Breytenbach, R. Pelzer, J. Marais
The efficient usage of electricity in the South African water industry has not been a priority due to the relatively low cost of electricity in the past. The situation has changed over the past years as a result of the rapid increase in electricity costs. South African water distribution utilities (WDUs) have installed capacities up to 450 MW. Not all WDUs operate efficiently. Therefore an intervention is needed to move towards efficient use of electricity in the South African water industry. Large combined installed capacity of the pumps and the large storage capacity make WDUs good candidates for load shifting projects. Due to the scale of the WDU and the complexity, the electricity cost saving approach needs to be integrated. Such an integrated approach could not be found in literature. An investigation methodology, as well as an integration strategy for the implementation of an electricity cost saving intervention is developed. The proposed integrated strategy is simulated and an optimised approach is developed. The proposed approach is implemented on a large water distribution utility in South Africa. The project realised an average electricity peak load shift of 15.4 MW. It is concluded that load shifting is possible on individual pumping stations in the water distribution utility subsystems.
{"title":"Integration of electricity cost saving interventions on a water distribution utility","authors":"Wynand J. J. Breytenbach, R. Pelzer, J. Marais","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280243","url":null,"abstract":"The efficient usage of electricity in the South African water industry has not been a priority due to the relatively low cost of electricity in the past. The situation has changed over the past years as a result of the rapid increase in electricity costs. South African water distribution utilities (WDUs) have installed capacities up to 450 MW. Not all WDUs operate efficiently. Therefore an intervention is needed to move towards efficient use of electricity in the South African water industry. Large combined installed capacity of the pumps and the large storage capacity make WDUs good candidates for load shifting projects. Due to the scale of the WDU and the complexity, the electricity cost saving approach needs to be integrated. Such an integrated approach could not be found in literature. An investigation methodology, as well as an integration strategy for the implementation of an electricity cost saving intervention is developed. The proposed integrated strategy is simulated and an optimised approach is developed. The proposed approach is implemented on a large water distribution utility in South Africa. The project realised an average electricity peak load shift of 15.4 MW. It is concluded that load shifting is possible on individual pumping stations in the water distribution utility subsystems.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124605082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280272
DD Martin, Mte Khan
The boundary layer turbine, also known as the Tesla turbine, was invented and patented in 1913 by Nikola Tesla and has remained one of today's most underutilised designs. It is the purpose of this paper to present the development of such a system which can be used in modern heat recovery steam generator systems replacing or complimenting axial turbine designs used for electrical generation plants. Historical research has shown isentropic efficiencies of single stage units of up to 55% with a conversion efficiency of up to 95%. These figures are extraordinary when comparing them to the complexity of modern multi stage reaction turbo generators versus the simplicity in construction of the Tesla turbine. Based on experimental observation, this study will attempt to identify the requirements which could make such a system an industrial candidate in areas such as power utility plants, geo thermal plants and other areas where the working fluids can vary vastly.
{"title":"Development of an efficient boundary layer turbine electrical generation system for HRSG applications","authors":"DD Martin, Mte Khan","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280272","url":null,"abstract":"The boundary layer turbine, also known as the Tesla turbine, was invented and patented in 1913 by Nikola Tesla and has remained one of today's most underutilised designs. It is the purpose of this paper to present the development of such a system which can be used in modern heat recovery steam generator systems replacing or complimenting axial turbine designs used for electrical generation plants. Historical research has shown isentropic efficiencies of single stage units of up to 55% with a conversion efficiency of up to 95%. These figures are extraordinary when comparing them to the complexity of modern multi stage reaction turbo generators versus the simplicity in construction of the Tesla turbine. Based on experimental observation, this study will attempt to identify the requirements which could make such a system an industrial candidate in areas such as power utility plants, geo thermal plants and other areas where the working fluids can vary vastly.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114949357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280286
S. Tangwe, M. Simon, E. Meyer
Coal thermal power plant, like most power plants is constructed solely for electricity generation. More explicitly, routine energy efficiency interventions are carried out in a unit of the power plant to ensure that it continues to operate at optimal performance as per the manufacturer rating. The study focused on the development and building of a multiple linear regression model for the power generated in a unit of the coal thermal power plant; with air heater temperature, main super heater steam temperature, high pressure heater temperature, condenser well temperature, and mass of coal burnt as the predictors. The model was developed using three months after outage as well as three months data after a year of the intervention from open literature. An optimization technique known as the constraint linear least square regression was applied in computing the optimal input data set corresponding to a desired response, whereby the mathematical model equation was used as the constraint equation. The benefits of the optimization technique were to enable the plant engineers to schedule a service plan on the unit. This was done with respect to the specific components of the unit observed to be under performing by judging from the final results after running the optimization. Based on the number of predictors showing a significant difference between the actual and the optimized data set, the maintenance can be termed minor or major intervention.
{"title":"An innovative optimization technique on performance efficiency verification in a coal thermal power plant unit","authors":"S. Tangwe, M. Simon, E. Meyer","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280286","url":null,"abstract":"Coal thermal power plant, like most power plants is constructed solely for electricity generation. More explicitly, routine energy efficiency interventions are carried out in a unit of the power plant to ensure that it continues to operate at optimal performance as per the manufacturer rating. The study focused on the development and building of a multiple linear regression model for the power generated in a unit of the coal thermal power plant; with air heater temperature, main super heater steam temperature, high pressure heater temperature, condenser well temperature, and mass of coal burnt as the predictors. The model was developed using three months after outage as well as three months data after a year of the intervention from open literature. An optimization technique known as the constraint linear least square regression was applied in computing the optimal input data set corresponding to a desired response, whereby the mathematical model equation was used as the constraint equation. The benefits of the optimization technique were to enable the plant engineers to schedule a service plan on the unit. This was done with respect to the specific components of the unit observed to be under performing by judging from the final results after running the optimization. Based on the number of predictors showing a significant difference between the actual and the optimized data set, the maintenance can be termed minor or major intervention.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133108612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280267
L. Els, R. Pelzer, A. Schutte
Municipal water treatment plants (WTPs) filter and disinfect water. Potable water is transferred by high-lift pump stations (HLPS) to various end users. WTPs are energy intensive with large pumping capacities due to the flow rate and head associated with the distribution of water.Load management (LM) strategies for mine dewatering and water transfer systems exist and have been successfully implemented. It is important to optimise the utilisation of WTPs. A new LM strategy is researched, developed and safely implemented on a municipal WTP. The strategy fully utilises the WTP sub-systems to achieve cost savings. The strategy includes the optimisation of filter backwashing and raw water operations. Optimising these systems realises a cost saving on the high-lift pumps. Operational valves on the filter system were optimised to mitigate algal problems and ensure that the load management is sustainable. An increase in efficiency of 34% for a filter backwash cycle was achieved. Due to filter modifications, the plant is able to supply 5% more water daily. The baseline for LM on the WTP was scaled energy neutral coinciding with the daily water demand. An average evening peak period load shift impact of 2.21 MW was achieved. This results in an annual saving of R 1 million for the municipal water treatment plant, based on 201412015 Eskom electricity tariffs.
{"title":"Load management on a municipal water treatment plant","authors":"L. Els, R. Pelzer, A. Schutte","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280267","url":null,"abstract":"Municipal water treatment plants (WTPs) filter and disinfect water. Potable water is transferred by high-lift pump stations (HLPS) to various end users. WTPs are energy intensive with large pumping capacities due to the flow rate and head associated with the distribution of water.Load management (LM) strategies for mine dewatering and water transfer systems exist and have been successfully implemented. It is important to optimise the utilisation of WTPs. A new LM strategy is researched, developed and safely implemented on a municipal WTP. The strategy fully utilises the WTP sub-systems to achieve cost savings. The strategy includes the optimisation of filter backwashing and raw water operations. Optimising these systems realises a cost saving on the high-lift pumps. Operational valves on the filter system were optimised to mitigate algal problems and ensure that the load management is sustainable. An increase in efficiency of 34% for a filter backwash cycle was achieved. Due to filter modifications, the plant is able to supply 5% more water daily. The baseline for LM on the WTP was scaled energy neutral coinciding with the daily water demand. An average evening peak period load shift impact of 2.21 MW was achieved. This results in an annual saving of R 1 million for the municipal water treatment plant, based on 201412015 Eskom electricity tariffs.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134256880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280287
K. Abo-Al-Ez, R. Tzoneva
In smart electrical grids, wind turbines with variable speed are the most attractive choice for high penetration level of wind energy due to their high operation flexibility. Wind turbines are the core component of the wind energy conversion. In this paper, the objectives are to build a realistic wind turbine model for smart grid analysis and simulations, and propose wind power adaptive control algorithms with a mixed criterion of energy maximization and fatigue load minimization during partial and full load regimes. The modelling approach considers wind aerodynamics and tower dynamics. The generator torque set points are calculated based on the wind turbine design values and rotor speed. The blade pitch angle set point is calculated using a proportional feedback control loop during partial load conditions, and a proportional differential control loop during full load conditions. The wind speed is also modelled considering wind turbulence, tower shadow and wind shear. Models and controllers are built in MATLAB Simulink, and simulations are performed using a realistic data of a typical wind turbine. The simulation results show that the proposed models and controllers accurately simulate the expected performance.
{"title":"Modelling and adaptive control of a wind turbine for smart grid applications","authors":"K. Abo-Al-Ez, R. Tzoneva","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280287","url":null,"abstract":"In smart electrical grids, wind turbines with variable speed are the most attractive choice for high penetration level of wind energy due to their high operation flexibility. Wind turbines are the core component of the wind energy conversion. In this paper, the objectives are to build a realistic wind turbine model for smart grid analysis and simulations, and propose wind power adaptive control algorithms with a mixed criterion of energy maximization and fatigue load minimization during partial and full load regimes. The modelling approach considers wind aerodynamics and tower dynamics. The generator torque set points are calculated based on the wind turbine design values and rotor speed. The blade pitch angle set point is calculated using a proportional feedback control loop during partial load conditions, and a proportional differential control loop during full load conditions. The wind speed is also modelled considering wind turbulence, tower shadow and wind shear. Models and controllers are built in MATLAB Simulink, and simulations are performed using a realistic data of a typical wind turbine. The simulation results show that the proposed models and controllers accurately simulate the expected performance.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130570247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280261
A. A. Aminou Moussavou, M. Adonis, A. Raji
The analysis of control strategies developed for a microgrid control structure is presented in this paper, when it is integrated with renewable energy source. Due to weather conditions, the microgrid system with renewables is presented with unavoidable input power perturbation, produced by the renewable energy. This perturbation causes an imbalance in the power system between the energy produced and consumed, as well as creating frequency fluctuations in the output voltage. Different methods of energy management are employed in the microgrid, in order to stabilise the system. A control strategy for the load management have been developed and analysed through MATLAB/Simulink simulation. The simulation results justify the stability of the microgrid operation under irregularities of the input voltage. The flow chart transition method based on graphical transition state is employed to maintain the output voltage of the microgrid; this was attained by switching ON and OFF certain noncritical loads upon considering the available input power.
{"title":"Microgrid energy management system control strategy","authors":"A. A. Aminou Moussavou, M. Adonis, A. Raji","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280261","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of control strategies developed for a microgrid control structure is presented in this paper, when it is integrated with renewable energy source. Due to weather conditions, the microgrid system with renewables is presented with unavoidable input power perturbation, produced by the renewable energy. This perturbation causes an imbalance in the power system between the energy produced and consumed, as well as creating frequency fluctuations in the output voltage. Different methods of energy management are employed in the microgrid, in order to stabilise the system. A control strategy for the load management have been developed and analysed through MATLAB/Simulink simulation. The simulation results justify the stability of the microgrid operation under irregularities of the input voltage. The flow chart transition method based on graphical transition state is employed to maintain the output voltage of the microgrid; this was attained by switching ON and OFF certain noncritical loads upon considering the available input power.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125137107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280241
H. Brand, J. Vosloo, E. Mathews
The ISO 50001 standard for energy management is a relatively new standard, however companies are starting to invest in Energy Management Systems (EnMSs) based on this standard to manage their energy use and reporting. Further, some of these EnMSs connect directly to a mine supervisory control and data acquisition system to acquire the required information. Accessing data from the SCADA system presents a unique opportunity for the EnMS to identity new energy efficiency projects based on the data collected. Typically projects implemented on gold mines are focused on reducing the consumption of large energy consumers like the cooling-, pumping-, ventilation- and compressed air systems. Analyses of the data collected for ISO 5000 I purposes can help identity new energy efficiency projects in these areas automatically. This article therefore investigates the different project types that can be identified using existing data sources. The parameters required for project identification are specified and ranges for these parameters, which point to project potential, is given. In order to prove the efficacy of this system, it is then implemented on a mine. The system identified five projects and quantified the potential savings for three of these projects. The total potential savings identified was 10.66 MW. It is therefore proven that certain energy savings projects can be identified automatically using these parameters as part of an EnMS.
ISO 50001能源管理标准是一个相对较新的标准，然而公司开始投资基于该标准的能源管理系统(enms)来管理他们的能源使用和报告。此外，其中一些环境监测系统直接连接到矿井监督控制和数据采集系统，以获取所需的信息。从SCADA系统获取数据为EnMS提供了一个独特的机会，可以根据收集到的数据确定新的能效项目。在金矿上实施的项目通常侧重于减少诸如冷却、泵送、通风和压缩空气系统等耗能大户的消耗。对ISO 5000 I收集的数据进行分析，可以帮助自动识别这些领域的新能源效率项目。因此，本文研究了可以使用现有数据源识别的不同项目类型。指定了项目识别所需的参数，并给出了这些参数的范围，这些参数指向项目的潜力。为了验证该系统的有效性，在某矿山进行了实际应用。该系统确定了五个项目，并量化了其中三个项目的潜在节省。确定的总潜在节约量为10.66兆瓦。因此，可以证明，使用这些参数作为能源管理系统的一部分，可以自动识别某些节能项目。
{"title":"Automated energy efficiency project identification in the gold mining industry","authors":"H. Brand, J. Vosloo, E. Mathews","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280241","url":null,"abstract":"The ISO 50001 standard for energy management is a relatively new standard, however companies are starting to invest in Energy Management Systems (EnMSs) based on this standard to manage their energy use and reporting. Further, some of these EnMSs connect directly to a mine supervisory control and data acquisition system to acquire the required information. Accessing data from the SCADA system presents a unique opportunity for the EnMS to identity new energy efficiency projects based on the data collected. Typically projects implemented on gold mines are focused on reducing the consumption of large energy consumers like the cooling-, pumping-, ventilation- and compressed air systems. Analyses of the data collected for ISO 5000 I purposes can help identity new energy efficiency projects in these areas automatically. This article therefore investigates the different project types that can be identified using existing data sources. The parameters required for project identification are specified and ranges for these parameters, which point to project potential, is given. In order to prove the efficacy of this system, it is then implemented on a mine. The system identified five projects and quantified the potential savings for three of these projects. The total potential savings identified was 10.66 MW. It is therefore proven that certain energy savings projects can be identified automatically using these parameters as part of an EnMS.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"176 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131476506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280248
T. Smith, H. Joubert, J. V. van Rensburg
Deep gold mines use a vast amount of water for various purposes. After use, the water is pumped back to the surface. This process is energy intensive. Pump control is traditionally done with manual interventions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of automated control on mine dewatering pumps. The benefits of pump automation include electricity cost savings through load shifting, as well as preventative maintenance and pump protection procedures. By automating pumps, the client will benefit from operating more cost effectively and realising electricity cost savings. A Demand Side Management (DSM) project was implemented in the form of a pump automation project to perform load shifting. The performance of the project was tested in manual control, manual scheduled control, manual scheduled surface control and auto control. In the case study the manual intervention achieved the highest electricity cost saving. To achieve this saving the system was exhausted to a point where columns and infrastructure started failing. The auto intervention achieved a lower electricity cost saving but was more sustainable. The auto intervention achieved a lower electricity cost saving when compared to the manual intervention. However, considering factors such as the damage to infrastructure after a period of manual control, the auto intervention proved the best balance for controlling mine dewatering pumps, to achieve electricity savings and system sustainability.
{"title":"Automated control of mine dewatering pumps to reduce electricity cost","authors":"T. Smith, H. Joubert, J. V. van Rensburg","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280248","url":null,"abstract":"Deep gold mines use a vast amount of water for various purposes. After use, the water is pumped back to the surface. This process is energy intensive. Pump control is traditionally done with manual interventions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of automated control on mine dewatering pumps. The benefits of pump automation include electricity cost savings through load shifting, as well as preventative maintenance and pump protection procedures. By automating pumps, the client will benefit from operating more cost effectively and realising electricity cost savings. A Demand Side Management (DSM) project was implemented in the form of a pump automation project to perform load shifting. The performance of the project was tested in manual control, manual scheduled control, manual scheduled surface control and auto control. In the case study the manual intervention achieved the highest electricity cost saving. To achieve this saving the system was exhausted to a point where columns and infrastructure started failing. The auto intervention achieved a lower electricity cost saving but was more sustainable. The auto intervention achieved a lower electricity cost saving when compared to the manual intervention. However, considering factors such as the damage to infrastructure after a period of manual control, the auto intervention proved the best balance for controlling mine dewatering pumps, to achieve electricity savings and system sustainability.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115015579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280279
G. E. Mathews, E. Mathews, M. Kleingeld
A combination of factors, including recent decreases in the cost of photovoltaic cells and batteries as well as the governments Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Program, have recently made investment in Solar Photovoltaic energy facilities more appealing.
{"title":"Photovoltaic cells - the hot new investment?","authors":"G. E. Mathews, E. Mathews, M. Kleingeld","doi":"10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUE.2015.7280279","url":null,"abstract":"A combination of factors, including recent decreases in the cost of photovoltaic cells and batteries as well as the governments Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Program, have recently made investment in Solar Photovoltaic energy facilities more appealing.","PeriodicalId":251065,"journal":{"name":"2015 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115401612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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