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“I think I belong over there” “我想我属于那里。”
Pub Date : 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.1075/lcs.21006.gro
Cynthia Groff, D. Mattar
Experiences of belonging and unbelonging are constructed in multiple ways. Two young women share their stories of moving from north to south and their experiences of (un)belonging in the United States and Mexico. Analysis of the semi-structured interviews through interdisciplinary lenses highlights the contested nature of borders and the breaking down of pre-established categories. Beyond territorial borders, the experiences of these two US citizens of Mexican heritage reveal an ongoing negotiation of spatial, social and linguistic border spaces, blurring the distinctions between the two nationalities, multiple social groups, and the linguistic traditions to which they (choose to) belong. Different layers of identity and grounds for belonging intersect in the stories they tell. While family priorities and financial realities condition their choices and their mobility, the stories reveal agency and active (un)bordering on multiple scales, also exemplifying the potential of (un)bordering across academic disciplines.
归属感和非归属感的体验是通过多种方式构建的。两位年轻女性分享她们从北方搬到南方的故事,以及她们在美国和墨西哥的归属感。通过跨学科的视角对半结构化访谈进行分析,突出了边界的争议性和预先建立的类别的打破。在领土边界之外,这两位墨西哥裔美国公民的经历揭示了一场正在进行的空间、社会和语言边界空间的谈判,模糊了两个民族、多个社会群体和他们(选择)所属的语言传统之间的区别。不同层次的身份和归属在他们讲述的故事中交织在一起。虽然家庭优先事项和经济现实制约了她们的选择和流动性,但这些故事揭示了在多个尺度上的能动性和积极的(un)边界,也体现了(un)跨学科边界的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Warum Deutsch lernen? 为什么要学德语?
Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.1075/lcs.21017.sta
Anastasia G. Stamou, Evmorfia Sidiropoulou
In the present study, we explore the discursive construction of German language learning identities on the Goethe Institute website. With this aim, we depart from critical sociolinguistic approaches to multilingualism and draw on an analytical framework which views discourse as a lens through which one can examine the ways identities are actively accomplished in particular contexts. From the analysis, it appears that on the central body of the Institute website, the German language learners are constructed as elite, global and mobile multilinguals. In contrast, the recipients of the Institute portal “Mein Weg nach Deutchland” are attached to the local and non-elite multilingual identities of immigrants / refugees. Thus, the Goethe Institute website is a socially constructed space invested with hierarchical meanings about “where” German language is an elite multilingual skill and “where” it is not.
在本研究中,我们探讨了歌德学院网站上德语学习身份的话语建构。为了达到这个目的,我们从批判的社会语言学方法出发,采用一种分析框架,将话语视为一个镜头,通过这个镜头,人们可以检查身份在特定语境中积极完成的方式。从分析来看,在该学院网站的中心部分,德语学习者被构建为精英、全球和流动的多语言者。相比之下,研究所门户网站“我是德国人”的接受者则依附于移民/难民的本地和非精英的多语言身份。因此,歌德学院的网站是一个社会建构的空间,被赋予了等级意义,关于德语在“哪里”是一种精英的多语言技能,在“哪里”不是。
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引用次数: 0
Lived beliefs 生活的信念
Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.1075/lcs.21013.mak
M. Makihara, J. L. Rodríguez
Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile) poetry allows us to understand how lived beliefs can be central to the realization of the individual self in community. In this paper, we focus on the poetry of Mata-U’iroa Atan, a Rapa Nui poet who characterizes his political project as walking to fly like a bird. His poem Ki Te Reva (‘To the Flag’) exemplifies a particular form of corporeal consciousness leading to a project of political persuasion. His poems are written in Rapa Nui, an indigenous Polynesian language and draw attention to sociolinguistic and historical “disjunctures” (Meek, 2010) in contemporary Rapa Nui community life. We argue that lived beliefs are produced by corporeal consciousness, and verbal art can be central to the mobilization of lived beliefs in the process of persuasion for emancipatory praxis. Poetry can give people an imagination, and this imagination is constitutive of a kind of truth underlying political projects.
拉帕努伊岛(智利复活节岛)的诗歌让我们明白,鲜活的信仰是如何在社区中成为实现个人自我的核心。在本文中,我们将重点放在拉帕努伊诗人Mata-U 'iroa Atan的诗歌上,他将自己的政治计划描述为像鸟一样走路飞翔。他的诗Ki Te Reva(“致国旗”)体现了一种特殊形式的身体意识,导致了政治说服的项目。他的诗歌以波利尼西亚土著语言拉帕努伊语(Rapa Nui)创作,并引起人们对当代拉帕努伊社区生活中社会语言学和历史“脱节”(Meek, 2010)的关注。我们认为,活生生的信念是由身体意识产生的,在解放实践的说服过程中,语言艺术可以成为动员活生生的信念的核心。诗歌可以给人一种想象,这种想象构成了一种隐藏在政治计划之下的真理。
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引用次数: 0
Had the Neogrammarians spoken Wolof or Basaa… 如果新语法学家说沃洛夫语或巴萨语……
Pub Date : 2022-03-10 DOI: 10.1075/lcs.21015.pab
Adrian Pablé
In this response article to Emmanuel Ngué Um’s piece published in Language, Culture and Society, I examine Ngué Um’s thesis that structural linguistics has no reality in the African context, which he presents in the form of a critique of Saussure and Western linguistics. Ngué Um imagines Saussure as a (native) speaker of an African language, who would have refrained from theorizing languages the way he did, namely as theoretical fictions. Against this, I argue that we must assess Saussurean thinking as part of the history of linguistics, i.e., in its proper historical context, and acknowledge that linguistics as we know it is the product of Western metaphysics. Saussure just carried forward the intellectual legacy of which he was a product. Ngué Um wishes to adapt Saussurean linguistics to the contemporary linguistic world and make it a fit for the postcolonial and posthuman paradigms. However, the notions of langue and parole have a precise function in Saussure’s theorizing, and it is questionable whether a decolonial linguistics should approach the African linguistic experience based on any of the Western metaphysical concepts. Doing so will, arguably, lead to a watered-down version of metaphysics and to a not fully emancipated southern linguistic theory.
在这篇回应伊曼纽尔·恩格奈尔发表在《语言、文化与社会》上的文章中,我考察了恩格奈尔的论点,即结构语言学在非洲背景下没有现实,他以批评索绪尔和西方语言学的形式提出了这一论点。恩古埃尔·乌姆把索绪尔想象成非洲语言的(母语)讲者,他不会像索绪尔那样把语言理论化,也就是把语言理论化。与此相反,我认为我们必须把索绪尔的思想作为语言学历史的一部分来评价,也就是说,在它适当的历史背景下,并承认我们所知道的语言学是西方形而上学的产物。索绪尔只是发扬了他所继承的知识遗产。乌姆希望使索绪尔语言学适应当代语言世界,并使其适应后殖民和后人类的范式。然而,语言和言语的概念在索绪尔的理论化中有着精确的功能,非殖民化的语言学是否应该基于任何西方形而上学的概念来研究非洲的语言经验是值得怀疑的。可以说,这样做将导致形而上学的淡化版本,并导致没有完全解放的南方语言理论。
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引用次数: 0
Language, Epistemology, and the Politics of Knowledge Production 语言、认识论和知识生产的政治
Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.1075/lcs.3.2
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引用次数: 2
The making of unaccompanied children 无人陪伴的孩子
Pub Date : 2021-11-23 DOI: 10.1075/lcs.21016.yil
Birgul Yilmaz
This paper deals with the management of unaccompanied child migration. A legal framework laid out in international law aims to give internationally recognised human rights to children. These legal texts (re)invent the label of “child”, and more specifically, of “unaccompanied child”. This is a legally prescribed lexical label that discursively produces the figure of “child” as a legal, psychological and biometric surveillance object, resulting in ambivalent management of the children. In this paper, I show how this figure of the unaccompanied child is (re)invented in legal texts and then circulates in the humanitarian world via a process of entextualisation on supra/national and local levels in Greece. Drawing on eight months of ethnography on Lesvos Island, I demonstrate the tensions, disruptions, refusals and unsettling moments of struggle that arise when this definition and its related policies are implemented on the ground.
本文讨论了无人陪伴儿童移民的管理问题。国际法中规定的法律框架旨在赋予儿童国际公认的人权。这些法律文本(重新)发明了“儿童”的标签,更具体地说,是“无人陪伴的儿童”。这是一种法律规定的词汇标签,话语性地产生了“儿童”这个形象,作为法律、心理和生物特征的监视对象,导致了对儿童的矛盾管理。在本文中,我展示了这个无人陪伴儿童的形象是如何在法律文本中被(重新)创造出来的,然后在希腊通过跨/国家和地方层面的企业化过程在人道主义世界中流传。我在莱斯沃斯岛进行了8个月的民族志研究,展示了当这一定义及其相关政策在当地实施时,出现的紧张、破坏、拒绝和令人不安的斗争时刻。
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引用次数: 0
Imperial straightening devices in disciplinary choices of academic knowledge production 学术知识生产的学科选择中的帝国矫直装置
Pub Date : 2021-11-05 DOI: 10.1075/lcs.21001.cus
Jenna Cushing-Leubner, Mel M. Engman, Johanna Ennser-Kananen, Nicole M. Pettitt
In this piece, the authors question whether critical language research, in its complex collection of researcher choices, is possible beyond the discursive imaginary of critical academic scholarship. In other words, how do (allegedly) anticolonial efforts re-orient towards contribution to the imperial record? We present three vignettes, through which we grapple with the notion that researcher choice exists within the solipsism of academia. In doing so, we frame research and scholarship as a collection of choices, which we believe are better understood as a collection of fraught dilemmas. These dilemmas recognize that all academic scholarship production and its processes are birthed from, and serve, an epistemology of hierarchical social configurations, which serve empire maintenance and expansion. As critical language scholars who bring overlapping and distinct sociopolitical, geographic, and methodological positionalities, these autoethnographic narrative vignettes allow us to begin to see the landscape of researcher choice in the processes and projects of accumulating knowledge production. We identify imperial straightening devices for legitimization into the imperial archive and examine how they work to orient and re-orient critical language scholars towards the ideological and material production of the imperial archive.
在这篇文章中,作者质疑批判性语言研究,在其复杂的研究者选择集合中,是否有可能超越批判性学术奖学金的话语想象。换句话说,(据称的)反殖民努力如何重新定位于对帝国记录的贡献?我们呈现了三个小插曲,通过这些小插曲,我们与研究者选择存在于学术界唯我论中的概念作斗争。在这样做的过程中,我们将研究和学术视为一系列选择,我们认为最好将其理解为一系列令人担忧的困境。这些困境表明,所有学术研究的产生及其过程都源于并服务于一种等级社会结构的认识论,这种认识论服务于帝国的维持和扩张。作为批判性语言学者,他们带来了重叠和独特的社会政治、地理和方法论立场,这些自我民族志叙事小片段让我们开始看到在积累知识生产的过程和项目中研究人员选择的景观。我们在帝国档案中识别了合法化的帝国矫正装置,并研究了它们如何引导和重新引导批判语言学者对帝国档案的意识形态和物质生产。
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引用次数: 5
Towards a (re)imagined posture on (im)migration 走向(重新)想象的(移民)姿态
Pub Date : 2021-11-05 DOI: 10.1075/lcs.20019.gav
Vianney A. Gavilanes
The hegemonic production of knowledge on (im)migration from the geopolitical and epistemic location of the United States has made legible and knowable a particular conception of (im)migration shaping in turn how (im)migrant subjects are made and remade. As a corpus these dominant conceptions of (im)migration are legible through a dominant discourse that has, in the particular case of the U.S., contributed to a racialized (im)migrant personhood and to the study of outsiders coming in to settle. In a two-pronged approach the piece (a) shows the settler colonial logics embedded in (im)migration discourse while (b) simultaneously enacting work of (re)imagining by putting in conversation the work on discourse and racialization within the contexts of (im)migration with Indigenous scholars’ work on borders, settlement, and sovereignty. As such the goals are to disrupt the naturalized ways whereby the racialized (im)migrant and (im)migration are conceptualized within the U.S. context and to offer an aperture for a (re)imagined posture on (im)migration. These initial and fragmentary dialogic exchanges offer a potential path towards a (re)imagined posture on (im)migration that does not reproduce settler colonial logics while sustaining the coexistence of antagonisms and tensions in our quotidian interactions needed to live with the discomfort of contradictions.
来自美国地缘政治和认知位置的(移民)移民知识的霸权生产使得(移民)移民的特定概念变得清晰和可知,进而塑造了(移民)主体如何被制造和重塑。作为一个整体,这些(外来)移民的主导概念通过一种主导话语得以清晰可辨,在美国的特殊情况下,这种话语促成了种族化的(外来)移民人格和对外来移民定居的研究。这篇文章以双管齐下的方式(a)展示了移民话语中嵌入的定居者殖民逻辑,同时(b)通过将(im)移民背景下的话语和种族化工作与土著学者关于边界、定居和主权的工作进行对话,同时制定了(重新)想象的工作。因此,我们的目标是打破在美国背景下对种族化(移民)移民和(移民)移民进行概念化的归化方式,并为(移民)移民提供一个(重新)想象的姿态。这些最初的和零碎的对话交流提供了一条通往(重新)想象的(非)移民姿态的潜在途径,这种姿态不会再现定居者的殖民逻辑,同时在我们日常互动中维持对抗和紧张的共存,这是与矛盾的不适共存所必需的。
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引用次数: 1
Debating translanguaging
Pub Date : 2021-11-05 DOI: 10.1075/lcs.20016.bon
Juan Eduardo Bonnin, V. Unamuno
In this article, we discuss the concept of translanguaging by showing how theoretically unhelpful it is to account for language dynamics among Indigenous speakers leading revitalization projects in the Southern Cone of Latin America. We show how clear-cut distinctions between Spanish and Indigenous languages are crucial for minority speakers’ socio-political struggles against Spanish cultural, political, and social hegemony.We open our discussion by reviewing the different definitions of translanguaging in sociolinguistics and applied linguistics. We examine how the term sometimes overlaps with other previously established concepts such as code-switching and code-mixing and show the importance of inscribing any concepts in the historical and socio-political context in which they are used. We illustrate how Indigenous peoples’ understanding of multilingualism challenges linguists’ discourse on translanguaging. Our analysis aims at prompting scholars to reflect on the ideologies and practices we describe here to understand and attend more responsibly to Indigenous peoples’ political concerns.
在这篇文章中,我们通过展示在拉丁美洲南锥体领导复兴项目的土著使用者之间解释语言动态在理论上是多么无益,来讨论译语的概念。我们展示了西班牙语和土著语言之间的明确区别对于少数民族使用者反对西班牙文化,政治和社会霸权的社会政治斗争至关重要。我们首先回顾社会语言学和应用语言学对译语的不同定义。我们研究了该术语有时如何与其他先前建立的概念(如代码转换和代码混合)重叠,并展示了在使用它们的历史和社会政治背景下铭文任何概念的重要性。我们说明了土著人民对多语言的理解如何挑战语言学家关于翻译语言的论述。我们的分析旨在促使学者们反思我们在这里描述的意识形态和实践,以更负责任地理解和关注土著人民的政治关切。
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引用次数: 7
Transcription as embodied entextualization 转录作为具体化的外化
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1075/lcs.20021.cav
Jillian R. Cavanaugh
This article analyzes transcription as a form of knowledge production, distinguishing between the role of transcription as a tool and the contingent nature of transcription as a process. It uses the lens of embodied entextualization, or the culturally specific ways bodies are incorporated into as well as produce texts (Cavanaugh 2017), to illuminate the interdiscursive process of transcription and how it is shaped by social factors such as race, gender, politics, and class. I do so by presenting and analyzing text-objects from my own research on language ideologies and language shift in northern Italy at various stages of entextualization, highlighting the multiple choices that shape transcription and how such choices are in turn shaped by a number of factors often invisible in the final, or at least public, versions of these texts that circulate the most widely. Transcripts such as the ones I discuss endure as evidence, in published and other forms, even as intertextual gaps punctuate their interdiscursive reproduction across instantiations. This work raises questions about the role of transcripts as evidence, their authority, and their varying ontological statuses as text objects in order to further conversations about how scholarship about language in use may be reflexively undertaken.
本文分析了转录作为知识生产的一种形式,区分了转录作为一种工具的作用和转录作为一个过程的偶然性。它使用具身意蕴化的镜头,或者身体被纳入并产生文本的文化特定方式(Cavanaugh 2017),来阐明转录的话语间过程,以及它如何受到种族、性别、政治和阶级等社会因素的影响。为此,我通过展示和分析文本对象,这些文本对象来自我自己对意大利北部语言意识形态和语言转变的研究,在不同的意译化阶段,突出了塑造转录的多种选择,以及这些选择是如何反过来被一些因素塑造的,这些因素在这些文本的最终版本中往往是看不见的,或者至少是公开的,这些文本的版本传播得最广泛。像我所讨论的这些文本,以出版和其他形式作为证据而存在,即使它们在实例间的话语复制中出现互文间隙。这项工作提出了关于文本作为证据的作用,它们的权威,以及它们作为文本对象的不同本体论地位的问题,以便进一步讨论如何对使用中的语言进行学术研究。
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引用次数: 0
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Language, Culture and Society
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