Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-15
D. Zhuravel, D. Milko, A. Bondar
Purpose. Improvement of tribotechnical properties of organic oil to ensure the reliable operation of nodes and units of functional systems of mobile agricultural machinery. Methods. The methods of estimation of tribotechnical properties of lubricants of biological origin were used. Results. The methodology of improvement of tribotechnical properties of biological oil for mobile agricultural machinery is considered. As a result of the conducted researches it is established that materials that work in the environment of biological lubricants have the best resistance to wear, in addition, the wear in the environment of biological oils is practically independent of the tribosystem load. However, organic oil is prone to negative processes that lead to polymerization and oxidation. To improve the tribotechnical properties of organic oil, it is necessary to introduce special additives and additives in it, which will allow to level these processes. Conclusions. 1. It is established that the use of blended oil is promising. The widespread use of vegetable oil in the production of lubricants will solve some of the complex environmental problems. 2. The chemical and tribotechnical properties of organic oil are better than those of mineral oils, but they are inferior to the resistance to oxidation, so it is advisable to introduce multifunctional additives and additives to improve its basic characteristics. However, additives to organic oils have structural components of different origin, they are unsystematized and have no scientific justification to ensure the wear resistance of the surface layers of friction pairs of nodes and aggregates of mobile machinery. 3. As a result of the researches it was established that the wear of the samples for friction steam “spool – the valve body” decreased in the environments: rapeseed oil by 62.5%, and with 1.0% by the addition of ICF-18 by 75%; of sunflower oil by 62.5%, and with 1.0% by the addition of MKF-18 by 80%. Keywords: agricultural technology, the reliability of functional systems, tribotechnical properties, metalplating additives, biological fluids, lubricants, units and aggregates.
{"title":"Use of biological oils for agricultural machinery","authors":"D. Zhuravel, D. Milko, A. Bondar","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-15","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Improvement of tribotechnical properties of organic oil to ensure the reliable operation of nodes and units of functional systems of mobile agricultural machinery.\u0000Methods. The methods of estimation of tribotechnical properties of lubricants of biological origin were used.\u0000Results. The methodology of improvement of tribotechnical properties of biological oil for mobile agricultural machinery is considered.\u0000As a result of the conducted researches it is established that materials that work in the environment of biological lubricants have the best resistance to wear, in addition, the wear in the environment of biological oils is practically independent of the tribosystem load. However, organic oil is prone to negative processes that lead to polymerization and oxidation. To improve the tribotechnical properties of organic oil, it is necessary to introduce special additives and additives in it, which will allow to level these processes.\u0000Conclusions.\u00001. It is established that the use of blended oil is promising. The widespread use of vegetable oil in the production of lubricants will solve some of the complex environmental problems.\u00002. The chemical and tribotechnical properties of organic oil are better than those of mineral oils, but they are inferior to the resistance to oxidation, so it is advisable to introduce multifunctional additives and additives to improve its basic characteristics. However, additives to organic oils have structural components of different origin, they are unsystematized and have no scientific justification to ensure the wear resistance of the surface layers of friction pairs of nodes and aggregates of mobile machinery.\u00003. As a result of the researches it was established that the wear of the samples for friction steam “spool – the valve body” decreased in the environments: rapeseed oil by 62.5%, and with 1.0% by the addition of ICF-18 by 75%; of sunflower oil by 62.5%, and with 1.0% by the addition of MKF-18 by 80%.\u0000Keywords: agricultural technology, the reliability of functional systems, tribotechnical properties, metalplating additives, biological fluids, lubricants, units and aggregates.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115136699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-10
Aneliak M. M M. M., Kuzmych A. Ya., Konoval O. O.
Purpose. The goal is to increase the efficiency of the process of primary processing of grain with high contamination and moisture by intensifying the process of preliminary cleaning of grain material using cylindrical sieves. Methods. Experimental studies of the operation of a cylindrical sieve were carried out on the basis of the methods of a planned experiment. Processing of the obtained data was carried out using the methods of regression analysis and mathematical statistics using a PC and software packages MathCad, Statistika, Microsoft Office Excel. Results. The results of studies of the process of preliminary cleaning of grain material with high contamination and moisture are presented. The parameters and modes of operation of the cylindrical sieve are substantiated. The separation capacity of the sieve is determined depending on the coefficient of the kinematic regime. Conclusions. The use of a cylindrical sieve with an inclined axis of rotation will intensify the process of separating grain material with high contamination and moisture, which can significantly increase the efficiency of machines for pre-treatment of grain material. Based on the research results, rational values of the index of the kinematical mode of movement of the cylindrical sieve were determined, at which the maximum intensity of grain sifting is observed. When separating weed grain material, it is in the range of 0.55–0.65. It has been established that the separation of the main part of the grain (within 0.8–0.9) from the straw impurities occurs on one meter of the cylindrical surface of the sieve. For complete cleaning of grain from straw impurities, the length of the sieve is two meters. Keywords separation of contaminated grain mixture, rotary cleaning device, seed cleaning.
{"title":"The use of cylindrical sieves to intensify the preliminary cleaning of grain material with a high contamination with plant residues","authors":"Aneliak M. M M. M., Kuzmych A. Ya., Konoval O. O.","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-10","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The goal is to increase the efficiency of the process of primary processing of grain with high contamination and moisture by intensifying the process of preliminary cleaning of grain material using cylindrical sieves.\u0000Methods. Experimental studies of the operation of a cylindrical sieve were carried out on the basis of the methods of a planned experiment. Processing of the obtained data was carried out using the methods of regression analysis and mathematical statistics using a PC and software packages MathCad, Statistika, Microsoft Office Excel.\u0000Results. The results of studies of the process of preliminary cleaning of grain material with high contamination and moisture are presented. The parameters and modes of operation of the cylindrical sieve are substantiated. The separation capacity of the sieve is determined depending on the coefficient of the kinematic regime.\u0000Conclusions. The use of a cylindrical sieve with an inclined axis of rotation will intensify the process of separating grain material with high contamination and moisture, which can significantly increase the efficiency of machines for pre-treatment of grain material.\u0000Based on the research results, rational values of the index of the kinematical mode of movement of the cylindrical sieve were determined, at which the maximum intensity of grain sifting is observed. When separating weed grain material, it is in the range of 0.55–0.65.\u0000It has been established that the separation of the main part of the grain (within 0.8–0.9) from the straw impurities occurs on one meter of the cylindrical surface of the sieve. For complete cleaning of grain from straw impurities, the length of the sieve is two meters.\u0000Keywords separation of contaminated grain mixture, rotary cleaning device, seed cleaning.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115447523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-7
V. Adamchuk, M. Mintz, I. Savchenko, A. Boris, M. Gritsyshyn, P. A. Rykhlivskyi, I. K. Kasprovich, V. S. Galai
Annotation Purpose. Reduction of labor costs for the production of organic vegetable products through the creation and use of new methods and techniques for weed control. Methods. Monographic, analytical, abstract-logical, structural modeling, design and manufacture of alternative technical means for the implementation of effective methods of weed control in the system of organic farming. Results. The main alternative methods and technical means for weed control in the system of organic farming in the world and in Ukraine are identified. Currently, alternative methods of weed control are weed control by flame, hot water and steam, and electropulse weed control. In fire cultivation, when the soil heating temperature does not exceed 70 °C, proteins in weed plants are damaged in the “thread” stage. In phase 4–6 the leaves, at the same temperature, destroy up to 90 %, and in the later phase of development – up to 75 % of weeds. Conclusions. An analysis of research and publications has shown that the use of known mechanical, thermal and electropulse weed control methods in various technological operations for growing crops will allow effective weed control in organic farming without the use of chemicals. The high-precision navigation system developed in the NSC “IAEE”, which is capable of carrying out a machine-tractor unit at a predetermined trajectory with a deviation of ±2 cm, will solve the problem of combating weeds in the ranks of vegetables and ingun crops in the system of organic farming. Keywords: organic farming, fire cultivation, weed control, steam and hot water, electropulse action.
{"title":"Promising directions for the creation and use of technical means for weed control in the system of organic farming","authors":"V. Adamchuk, M. Mintz, I. Savchenko, A. Boris, M. Gritsyshyn, P. A. Rykhlivskyi, I. K. Kasprovich, V. S. Galai","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-7","url":null,"abstract":"Annotation\u0000Purpose. Reduction of labor costs for the production of organic vegetable products through the creation and use of new methods and techniques for weed control.\u0000Methods. Monographic, analytical, abstract-logical, structural modeling, design and manufacture of alternative technical means for the implementation of effective methods of weed control in the system of organic farming.\u0000Results. The main alternative methods and technical means for weed control in the system of organic farming in the world and in Ukraine are identified. Currently, alternative methods of weed control are weed control by flame, hot water and steam, and electropulse weed control. In fire cultivation, when the soil heating temperature does not exceed 70 °C, proteins in weed plants are damaged in the “thread” stage. In phase 4–6 the leaves, at the same temperature, destroy up to 90 %, and in the later phase of development – up to 75 % of weeds.\u0000Conclusions. An analysis of research and publications has shown that the use of known mechanical, thermal and electropulse weed control methods in various technological operations for growing crops will allow effective weed control in organic farming without the use of chemicals.\u0000The high-precision navigation system developed in the NSC “IAEE”, which is capable of carrying out a machine-tractor unit at a predetermined trajectory with a deviation of ±2 cm, will solve the problem of combating weeds in the ranks of vegetables and ingun crops in the system of organic farming.\u0000Keywords: organic farming, fire cultivation, weed control, steam and hot water, electropulse action.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121136610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-5
S. Maranda
Purpose. Improving the quality of resettlement through Trichogramma the establishment of rational modes of operation of the dosing and seeding device (DVP) of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Methods. Theoretical studies of the motion of a particle of the test material. Experimental studies using the method of planning a three-factor experiment, methods of statistical data processing. Results. On the basis of the analysis of trichogram resettlement means, the design of the dosing and seeding device of the unmanned aerial vehicle for trichogram resettlement was determined. As a result of the theoretical studies, the trajectory of motion of the particle of the test biomaterial was determined, which makes it possible to set the working width of the capture. According to the results of experimental studies, the quality of material distribution does not change significantly with increasing flight altitude. However, factors such as plant height and obstacles in the field must be taken into account, so flight altitudes of at least 5 m should be respected. Due to the air flow from the quadcopter propellers, the grip width is significantly reduced. Therefore, for qualitative distribution of biomaterial on the surface of the field, the distance between adjacent passages should be 6 m. Conclusions 1.According to the results of theoretical calculations and experimental studies it is established that the flight altitude of an unmanned aerial vehicle during trichogram settlement should not be less than 5 m from the surface of the plant. 2.The qualitative estimation of material distribution on the surface of the field depends on the flight speed, which should be within 3–5 m/s. 3.The uniformity of distribution of biomaterials is greatly enhanced by the correct selection of the working width of the grip, which should be about 6 m. Keywords: dosing sowing device, ejector, unmanned aerial vehicle, biological protection of plants, reshaping of trichograms, norm of settlement, width of capture.
{"title":"Theoretical studies of the process of distribution of biomaterial on the surface of the field","authors":"S. Maranda","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Improving the quality of resettlement through Trichogramma the establishment of rational modes of operation of the dosing and seeding device (DVP) of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).\u0000Methods. Theoretical studies of the motion of a particle of the test material. Experimental studies using the method of planning a three-factor experiment, methods of statistical data processing.\u0000Results. On the basis of the analysis of trichogram resettlement means, the design of the dosing and seeding device of the unmanned aerial vehicle for trichogram resettlement was determined. As a result of the theoretical studies, the trajectory of motion of the particle of the test biomaterial was determined, which makes it possible to set the working width of the capture.\u0000According to the results of experimental studies, the quality of material distribution does not change significantly with increasing flight altitude. However, factors such as plant height and obstacles in the field must be taken into account, so flight altitudes of at least 5 m should be respected.\u0000Due to the air flow from the quadcopter propellers, the grip width is significantly reduced. Therefore, for qualitative distribution of biomaterial on the surface of the field, the distance between adjacent passages should be 6 m.\u0000Conclusions\u00001.According to the results of theoretical calculations and experimental studies it is established that the flight altitude of an unmanned aerial vehicle during trichogram settlement should not be less than 5 m from the surface of the plant.\u00002.The qualitative estimation of material distribution on the surface of the field depends on the flight speed, which should be within 3–5 m/s.\u00003.The uniformity of distribution of biomaterials is greatly enhanced by the correct selection of the working width of the grip, which should be about 6 m.\u0000Keywords: dosing sowing device, ejector, unmanned aerial vehicle, biological protection of plants, reshaping of trichograms, norm of settlement, width of capture.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116075695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2020-12-6
A. Kuzmych, M. Aneliak, O. Hrytsaka
Annotation Purpose. Improving the harvesting efficiency of the non-grain part of the corn and sunflower crops for energy purposes by substantiation of technical means for the forming the windrows with increased linear mass. Methods. Analysis of technological processes of harvesting the non-grain part of the crop (NGP) of corn and sunflower, mathematical modeling of material distribution and the windrow formation of the non-grain part of the crop. Results. The analysis of harvesting technological processes of corn and sunflower NGP is carried out. The way of harvesting of the NGP which has passed through a combine thresher into the trailed hopper with the increased running weight windrow formation on the field edge is proved. The dependences of the sheer force of the crushed layer of the NGP by the vertical wall of the combine harvester's trailed hopper are obtained analytically. Numerical simulation of material distribution and windrow formation of the NGP was performed. The constructional-technological scheme and parameters of the trailed hopper-windrower of the combine harvester are substantiated. Conclusions. The efficiency of harvesting the NGP of corn and sunflower for energy purposes can be improved by collecting the crushed mass passing through the combine thresher into a trailed hopper and forming the windrows with increased linear mass at the edge of the field for drying out and subsequent lifting by serial balers. The structural and technological scheme of a trailed hopper-windrower for a combine with a folding conveyor has been developed based on the results of simulation the processes of moving the stalk masses of the NGP of corn and sunflower. It was found that, the windrow formation process proceeds stably when the height of the crushed material of the NGP of corn and sunflower in the hopper chamber is within 2.0–2.2 m, with the angle of inclination of the discarding conveyor to the vertical within 8–15 deg and the speed it movement within 3–4 m/s. Keywords: non-grain part of the crop of corn and sunflower, harvesting of non-grain part of the crop, windrow formation.
{"title":"Research of the windrow formation process of the non-grain part of the corn and sunflower crop during harvesting for energy purposes","authors":"A. Kuzmych, M. Aneliak, O. Hrytsaka","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2020-12-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2020-12-6","url":null,"abstract":"Annotation\u0000Purpose. Improving the harvesting efficiency of the non-grain part of the corn and sunflower crops for energy purposes by substantiation of technical means for the forming the windrows with increased linear mass.\u0000Methods. Analysis of technological processes of harvesting the non-grain part of the crop (NGP) of corn and sunflower, mathematical modeling of material distribution and the windrow formation of the non-grain part of the crop.\u0000Results. The analysis of harvesting technological processes of corn and sunflower NGP is carried out. The way of harvesting of the NGP which has passed through a combine thresher into the trailed hopper with the increased running weight windrow formation on the field edge is proved. The dependences of the sheer force of the crushed layer of the NGP by the vertical wall of the combine harvester's trailed hopper are obtained analytically. Numerical simulation of material distribution and windrow formation of the NGP was performed. The constructional-technological scheme and parameters of the trailed hopper-windrower of the combine harvester are substantiated.\u0000Conclusions. The efficiency of harvesting the NGP of corn and sunflower for energy purposes can be improved by collecting the crushed mass passing through the combine thresher into a trailed hopper and forming the windrows with increased linear mass at the edge of the field for drying out and subsequent lifting by serial balers.\u0000The structural and technological scheme of a trailed hopper-windrower for a combine with a folding conveyor has been developed based on the results of simulation the processes of moving the stalk masses of the NGP of corn and sunflower.\u0000It was found that, the windrow formation process proceeds stably when the height of the crushed material of the NGP of corn and sunflower in the hopper chamber is within 2.0–2.2 m, with the angle of inclination of the discarding conveyor to the vertical within 8–15 deg and the speed it movement within 3–4 m/s.\u0000Keywords: non-grain part of the crop of corn and sunflower, harvesting of non-grain part of the crop, windrow formation.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132603294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-17
A. Skliar, R. Skliar
Purpose. Analyze the operation of pumps when used in biogas plants and the features of their use. Provide guidance on the use of different types of pumps, their advantages and disadvantages, and features of maintenance. Methods. In the analysis of different types of pumps the methods of system and comparative analysis, scientific generalizations and method of argumentation are used. Results. The article analyzes existing pump designs for pumping manure (substrate). The comparative characteristics of the following pumps, which are most commonly used in biogas plants, are given: centrifugal, eccentric auger and rotary piston. As a result of the analysis the characteristics of their application, advantages and disadvantages, variants of structures and features of maintenance were obtained. Conclusions. The choice of suitable pumps according to the capacity and characteristics depends largely on the substrates used, their degree of preparation and/or dry matter content. An analysis of existing designs has shown that the use of plunger pumps (especially rotary ones) has many advantages over centrifugal ones: the ability to work with viscous substrates, self-priming and more pressure stable, suitable for substrate dosing, easy to maintain. Keywords: pump, biogas plant, methane tank, substrate, sludge, dry matter, manure.
{"title":"Analysis of the operation of pumps when used in biogas plants","authors":"A. Skliar, R. Skliar","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-17","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Analyze the operation of pumps when used in biogas plants and the features of their use. Provide guidance on the use of different types of pumps, their advantages and disadvantages, and features of maintenance.\u0000Methods. In the analysis of different types of pumps the methods of system and comparative analysis, scientific generalizations and method of argumentation are used.\u0000Results. The article analyzes existing pump designs for pumping manure (substrate). The comparative characteristics of the following pumps, which are most commonly used in biogas plants, are given: centrifugal, eccentric auger and rotary piston. As a result of the analysis the characteristics of their application, advantages and disadvantages, variants of structures and features of maintenance were obtained.\u0000Conclusions. The choice of suitable pumps according to the capacity and characteristics depends largely on the substrates used, their degree of preparation and/or dry matter content. An analysis of existing designs has shown that the use of plunger pumps (especially rotary ones) has many advantages over centrifugal ones: the ability to work with viscous substrates, self-priming and more pressure stable, suitable for substrate dosing, easy to maintain.\u0000Keywords: pump, biogas plant, methane tank, substrate, sludge, dry matter, manure.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134192387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-17
Kotov B. І., Stepanenko S. P., Hryshchenko V. O., Pantsir Y. I., Gerasimchuk I. D.
Purpose. Improving the quality of temperature control of a heat generating installation for air heating. Methods. The specificity of the issue under consideration determines the analytical method of research by formulating a mathematical model of the non-stationary thermal regime of the heat generator and calculating the parameters of the temperature controller based on fuzzy logic. Results. Analysis of the thermal effects of a heat generator with a heat exchanger, a physical model is determined and, on its basis, a mathematical model of non-stationary heat transfer in the elements of the heat generator design is formulated. The model is presented in the form of three partial differential equations. An approximate solution of the system of equations and generalized simplifications made it possible to determine the dynamic model by means of first-order aperiodic transfer functions with delay. Based on the identified model coefficients, a fuzzy controller rule base and an automatic temperature control system were created in two versions: with a typical PID controller and a fuzzy temperature controller. The analysis of transient processes of regulation of the automatic temperature control system was carried out. Conclusions. An analysis of the characteristics of the transient process of the automatic temperature control system revealed that the control time of a system with a fuzzy controller is less than in a system with a typical PID controller. Therefore, a fuzzy air temperature control system in a heat generator can be used to automate a significant class of heat generating devices. Keywords: heat generator, fuzzy controller, dynamic mode, mathematical model, production room.
{"title":"Automation of temperature control of a heat generator with a fuzzy logic controller","authors":"Kotov B. І., Stepanenko S. P., Hryshchenko V. O., Pantsir Y. I., Gerasimchuk I. D.","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-17","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Improving the quality of temperature control of a heat generating installation for air heating.\u0000Methods. The specificity of the issue under consideration determines the analytical method of research by formulating a mathematical model of the non-stationary thermal regime of the heat generator and calculating the parameters of the temperature controller based on fuzzy logic.\u0000Results. Analysis of the thermal effects of a heat generator with a heat exchanger, a physical model is determined and, on its basis, a mathematical model of non-stationary heat transfer in the elements of the heat generator design is formulated. The model is presented in the form of three partial differential equations. An approximate solution of the system of equations and generalized simplifications made it possible to determine the dynamic model by means of first-order aperiodic transfer functions with delay. Based on the identified model coefficients, a fuzzy controller rule base and an automatic temperature control system were created in two versions: with a typical PID controller and a fuzzy temperature controller. The analysis of transient processes of regulation of the automatic temperature control system was carried out.\u0000Conclusions. An analysis of the characteristics of the transient process of the automatic temperature control system revealed that the control time of a system with a fuzzy controller is less than in a system with a typical PID controller. Therefore, a fuzzy air temperature control system in a heat generator can be used to automate a significant class of heat generating devices.\u0000Keywords: heat generator, fuzzy controller, dynamic mode, mathematical model, production room.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134327287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2021-13-6
V. Khodorchuk, V. Yaroshevsky
Annotation Purpose. Fermentation unit development based of thin-walled bioreactors for microbial plant protection products manufacturing. Methods. System design technique, cost-effectiveness analysis, experimental proof and tests. Results. The fermentation unit was designed. It consists of upgraded industrial sterilizer for nutrient medium making and it further sterilization, two thin-walled fermenters, which could be run in two agitation modes: air bubbling and external loop circulation by pump. Equipment sterilization was substituted by disinfect cleaning and steaming. Air and water flows were sterilized by filtration and UV-radiation. Conclusions 1. The engineering design of modern fermentation unit FU-500 with 500 dm3 per cycle capacity was developed, intended for further design documents development and also for using in investment projects. 2. The design of cleaning and sterilization procedures support was worked out, specifically easy-removal piping system was employed; fermentation vessels were fitted with minimum amount of connecting sockets and had no prominent parts inside. 3. In comparison with the fermentation complex CFM-420 the present engineering design permits technical and economical parameters significant improvement, in particular capacity increasing at 19 %, equipment weight decrease at 47 %, rated output power reduction at 69 % and 60 % operating aria save. Keywords: design, thin-walled fermenter, simplified sterilization, plant protection.
{"title":"The engineering design of fermentation unit for microbial plant protection products small-scale manufacturing","authors":"V. Khodorchuk, V. Yaroshevsky","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2021-13-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2021-13-6","url":null,"abstract":"Annotation\u0000Purpose. Fermentation unit development based of thin-walled bioreactors for microbial plant protection products manufacturing.\u0000Methods. System design technique, cost-effectiveness analysis, experimental proof and tests.\u0000Results. The fermentation unit was designed. It consists of upgraded industrial sterilizer for nutrient medium making and it further sterilization, two thin-walled fermenters, which could be run in two agitation modes: air bubbling and external loop circulation by pump. Equipment sterilization was substituted by disinfect cleaning and steaming. Air and water flows were sterilized by filtration and UV-radiation. \u0000Conclusions\u00001. The engineering design of modern fermentation unit FU-500 with 500 dm3 per cycle capacity was developed, intended for further design documents development and also for using in investment projects.\u00002. The design of cleaning and sterilization procedures support was worked out, specifically easy-removal piping system was employed; fermentation vessels were fitted with minimum amount of connecting sockets and had no prominent parts inside.\u00003. In comparison with the fermentation complex CFM-420 the present engineering design permits technical and economical parameters significant improvement, in particular capacity increasing at 19 %, equipment weight decrease at 47 %, rated output power reduction at 69 % and 60 % operating aria save.\u0000Keywords: design, thin-walled fermenter, simplified sterilization, plant protection.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"229 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132819856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-23
P. Vitrukh
Purpose. Reduction of costs and increase of productivity of use of transport-technological machines. Methods. Analytical. Results. The above dependencies for the calculation of productivity can be used at different stages of development and design of transport technology machines (TTM) make it possible to reduce costs. Conclusions. The above dependencies for the calculation of performance can be used at various stages of the development and design of TTM. In particular, it is advisable to use dependencies to evaluate the implementation of the design parameters of the TTM, since cycle performance is most sensitive to the parameters. In addition, the value Wц is the maximum achievable performance for some fixed values of the design parameters (ВР, Vк), characteristics (Vp, Qs, Rn) and conditions ( г, Q3, l4.1). It is advisable to use operational productivity for comparison of different variants of execution of TTM, since its value is influenced not only by design parameters and characteristics, but also by technological and technical reliability, operational manufacturability, organizational and technical factors. Keywords: operational productivity, transport and technological machine, development and design, comparative assessment.
{"title":"Modeling of performance in estimation of design parameters transport-technological machines","authors":"P. Vitrukh","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-23","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Reduction of costs and increase of productivity of use of transport-technological machines.\u0000Methods. Analytical.\u0000Results. The above dependencies for the calculation of productivity can be used at different stages of development and design of transport technology machines (TTM) make it possible to reduce costs.\u0000Conclusions. The above dependencies for the calculation of performance can be used at various stages of the development and design of TTM. In particular, it is advisable to use dependencies to evaluate the implementation of the design parameters of the TTM, since cycle performance is most sensitive to the parameters. In addition, the value Wц is the maximum achievable performance for some fixed values of the design parameters (ВР, Vк), characteristics (Vp, Qs, Rn) and conditions ( г, Q3, l4.1). It is advisable to use operational productivity for comparison of different variants of execution of TTM, since its value is influenced not only by design parameters and characteristics, but also by technological and technical reliability, operational manufacturability, organizational and technical factors.\u0000Keywords: operational productivity, transport and technological machine, development and design, comparative assessment.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116328215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-10
V. Shvydia
Annotation Purpose. To increase the degree of adequacy of the mathematical model of contact heating of seeds in a vacuum due to the refinement of the overall coefficient of thermal conductivity. Methods. The study of the mathematical model of the process of contact heating of seeds in vacuum was carried out using the methods of optical physics, planimetry, thermal physics. Mathematical dependencies were developed using algebraic transformations. The analysis of the obtained mathematical dependencies was carried out by the methods of technical analysis and graphic-analytical methods by comparing the graphs of the seed heating kinetics. Results. The total heat flow in the vacuum chamber, which exits the heating surface and is divided into two flows, has been studied, one of them transfers heat due to heat conduction through the touch of seeds with a heating surface and between themselves, and the second transfers heat through radiation in the cavities between the seeds. Calculation formulas for these heat fluxes have been developed, through which the formula for calculating the total thermal conductivity coefficient has been determined. This formula shows that the overall thermal conductivity is less than the theoretical value and depends on the equivalent seed diameter and seed characteristics. Conclusions. It has been established that the total thermal conductivity coefficient of seeds is less than the theoretical one due to voids between seeds, in which the heat of less heated layers propagates through radiation. The loss of thermal energy in the voids between the seeds increase the duration of the heating process and depend on the equivalent diameter of the seeds, the degree of blackness and the difference between the initial temperatures of the seeds and the heating surface. Keywords: seeds, contact heating, seed temperature, thermal conductivity, radiation, heat flux, heating surface, equivalent diameter, space between seeds.
{"title":"To the mathematical model of the process of contact heating of seeds in vacuum","authors":"V. Shvydia","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-10","url":null,"abstract":"Annotation\u0000Purpose. To increase the degree of adequacy of the mathematical model of contact heating of seeds in a vacuum due to the refinement of the overall coefficient of thermal conductivity.\u0000Methods. The study of the mathematical model of the process of contact heating of seeds in vacuum was carried out using the methods of optical physics, planimetry, thermal physics. Mathematical dependencies were developed using algebraic transformations. The analysis of the obtained mathematical dependencies was carried out by the methods of technical analysis and graphic-analytical methods by comparing the graphs of the seed heating kinetics.\u0000Results. The total heat flow in the vacuum chamber, which exits the heating surface and is divided into two flows, has been studied, one of them transfers heat due to heat conduction through the touch of seeds with a heating surface and between themselves, and the second transfers heat through radiation in the cavities between the seeds. Calculation formulas for these heat fluxes have been developed, through which the formula for calculating the total thermal conductivity coefficient has been determined. This formula shows that the overall thermal conductivity is less than the theoretical value and depends on the equivalent seed diameter and seed characteristics.\u0000Conclusions. It has been established that the total thermal conductivity coefficient of seeds is less than the theoretical one due to voids between seeds, in which the heat of less heated layers propagates through radiation. The loss of thermal energy in the voids between the seeds increase the duration of the heating process and depend on the equivalent diameter of the seeds, the degree of blackness and the difference between the initial temperatures of the seeds and the heating surface.\u0000Keywords: seeds, contact heating, seed temperature, thermal conductivity, radiation, heat flux, heating surface, equivalent diameter, space between seeds.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"155-156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114385123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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