Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-2
M. E. Bulygina, S. Bulygin
Annotation Purpose. To determine the parameters of the potential danger of soil deflation on the territory of Ukraine as a theoretical basis of investment policy for the formation of anti-deflation protection. Methods. General scientific (field, morphological-genetic, mathematical and physical modeling of processes of blowing (deflation) of soil milky soil and cartographic with rinsing of GIS-technologies. Results. Based on the physical modeling of wind erosion in the wind tunnel, the epic equation of potential deflation of the main soils of Ukraine is formed. The map of the maximum blowing of soil fine soil of 20 % of security is created. The unit of measurement was the area of the administrative district, the GIS technology of the software product “Relief Processor”, transferred to one of the authors Boris Vorobyov, was used. Regions with a catastrophic risk of deflation are in Polissya and the Southern Steppe. At the same time, 30 years ago, deflation was not heard of in Polissya. Conclusions 1. Without a radical change in the principles of land use and agricultural syste ms, the revival of landscapes and agricultural lands in regions with a high risk of soil deflation is impossible 2. Quantitative assessment of the potential danger of blowing small soils is a necessary condition for justifying anti-inflationary measures. 3. On the basis of the empirical model of deflation of NSC “IGA” zoning of arable lands of Ukraine on the danger of soil deflation is made. One of the main tasks of further research of deflation processes is to develop models that reflect the physics of soil blowing and have a sufficient mathematical basis. 4. The basis for the formation of anti-erosion strategy and appropriate investment policy is a quantitative assessment of the potential danger of deflation. The higher the danger, the more reliable the protection should be, first of all, these are measures of permanent action that require appropriate capital investment. In addition, there is a need to create a network of monitoring observations of deflationary processes and their factors. Keywords: deflation, danger of deflation, anti-deflation protection.
{"title":"Soil deflation in Ukraine","authors":"M. E. Bulygina, S. Bulygin","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-2","url":null,"abstract":"Annotation\u0000Purpose. To determine the parameters of the potential danger of soil deflation on the territory of Ukraine as a theoretical basis of investment policy for the formation of anti-deflation protection.\u0000Methods. General scientific (field, morphological-genetic, mathematical and physical modeling of processes of blowing (deflation) of soil milky soil and cartographic with rinsing of GIS-technologies.\u0000Results. Based on the physical modeling of wind erosion in the wind tunnel, the epic equation of potential deflation of the main soils of Ukraine is formed. The map of the maximum blowing of soil fine soil of 20 % of security is created.\u0000The unit of measurement was the area of the administrative district, the GIS technology of the software product “Relief Processor”, transferred to one of the authors Boris Vorobyov, was used.\u0000Regions with a catastrophic risk of deflation are in Polissya and the Southern Steppe. At the same time, 30 years ago, deflation was not heard of in Polissya.\u0000Conclusions\u00001. Without a radical change in the principles of land use and agricultural syste ms, the revival of landscapes and agricultural lands in regions with a high risk of soil deflation is impossible\u00002. Quantitative assessment of the potential danger of blowing small soils is a necessary condition for justifying anti-inflationary measures.\u00003. On the basis of the empirical model of deflation of NSC “IGA” zoning of arable lands of Ukraine on the danger of soil deflation is made. One of the main tasks of further research of deflation processes is to develop models that reflect the physics of soil blowing and have a sufficient mathematical basis.\u00004. The basis for the formation of anti-erosion strategy and appropriate investment policy is a quantitative assessment of the potential danger of deflation. The higher the danger, the more reliable the protection should be, first of all, these are measures of permanent action that require appropriate capital investment. In addition, there is a need to create a network of monitoring observations of deflationary processes and their factors.\u0000Keywords: deflation, danger of deflation, anti-deflation protection.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":" 24","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133420842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-13
Pogorilyy S. P., Prysyazhnyi V. G., Tretyak V. M., Panasyuk V. I., Mirnyi V. Y., Barabash R. І.
Purpose. Substantiation of perspective directions of use of trucks as a mobile energy vehicle of traction class 1.4; 2 for formation on its basis of mobile agricultural units for performance of technological operations in farms with the area of 20–500 hectares. Methods. They were based on the application of analytical methods and mathematical modeling of the process of agricultural machinery and the basics of economic analysis. Numerical simulation was performed using a PC. Results. The list of technological operations, on which a cargo car can be used as an energy vehicle, was substantiated. Economic efficiency of using the mobile energy means of the traction class 1.4; 2 is established on the example of a technological operation for plant protection products. Conclusions. The use of trucks as a mobile power vehicle of traction class 1.4; 2 for the formation of a mobile agricultural unit on its basis for agricultural operations will reduce the cost of crop production by increasing annual load, increasing working and transport speeds, using direct flow technologies. It will also reduce the range of technical means for performing technological operations and increase the efficiency of their use. Keywords: truck, mobile agricultural unit, mobile power vehicle, traction class 1.4; 2, technological operations, mobile energy vehicle.
{"title":"Perspectives of using mobile energy vehicle of traction class 1.4; 2 in agrocultural production","authors":"Pogorilyy S. P., Prysyazhnyi V. G., Tretyak V. M., Panasyuk V. I., Mirnyi V. Y., Barabash R. І.","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-13","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Substantiation of perspective directions of use of trucks as a mobile energy vehicle of traction class 1.4; 2 for formation on its basis of mobile agricultural units for performance of technological operations in farms with the area of 20–500 hectares.\u0000Methods. They were based on the application of analytical methods and mathematical modeling of the process of agricultural machinery and the basics of economic analysis. Numerical simulation was performed using a PC.\u0000Results. The list of technological operations, on which a cargo car can be used as an energy vehicle, was substantiated. Economic efficiency of using the mobile energy means of the traction class 1.4; 2 is established on the example of a technological operation for plant protection products.\u0000Conclusions. The use of trucks as a mobile power vehicle of traction class 1.4; 2 for the formation of a mobile agricultural unit on its basis for agricultural operations will reduce the cost of crop production by increasing annual load, increasing working and transport speeds, using direct flow technologies. It will also reduce the range of technical means for performing technological operations and increase the efficiency of their use.\u0000Keywords: truck, mobile agricultural unit, mobile power vehicle, traction class 1.4; 2, technological operations, mobile energy vehicle.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"55 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133911650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2021-13-9
V. Adamchuk, V. Shvidia
Annotation Purpose. To increase the uniformity of seed heating by substantiating the transitional modes of a vacuum drum dryer through a mathematical model of heating seeds with mixing in a drying drum. Methods. The solutions of the heat equation were used with the use of the Fourier method for parabolic partial differential equations and the analysis of the motion of a material point on a rough surface. The adequacy of the mathematical model was verified on the basis of statistical methods. Results. Based on the solution of the heat conductivity equation and the analysis of the movement of seeds along the inner surface of the drying drum, the dependence of the temperature of the seeds on the layer thickness, heating time and the number of cycles was obtained. The analysis of this dependence made it possible to determine the number of cycles (number of revolutions) at which a uniform temperature distribution is observed over the entire thickness of the seed layer. This dependence shows that the number of revolutions at which a uniform temperature distribution is observed is directly proportional to the thickness of the seed layer and inversely proportional to the thermal diffusivity and the duration of one cycle. The resulting dependence of the number of cycles, at which a uniform temperature distribution over the layer thickness is achieved, was comparable to a similar experimental dependence. Conclusions. It was found that the mathematical model adequately describes the transient process of seed heating during its mixing with the blades of a drying drum for vacuum drying seeds and can be used to calculate the modes of a vacuum drum dryer for seeds. Keywords: seeds, drying drum, seed temperature, stirring, vacuum dryer, thermal conductivity, layer thickness.
{"title":"Mathematical model of heating seeds with stirring in a drying drum of vacuum drying of seeds","authors":"V. Adamchuk, V. Shvidia","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2021-13-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2021-13-9","url":null,"abstract":"Annotation\u0000Purpose. To increase the uniformity of seed heating by substantiating the transitional modes of a vacuum drum dryer through a mathematical model of heating seeds with mixing in a drying drum.\u0000Methods. The solutions of the heat equation were used with the use of the Fourier method for parabolic partial differential equations and the analysis of the motion of a material point on a rough surface. The adequacy of the mathematical model was verified on the basis of statistical methods.\u0000Results. Based on the solution of the heat conductivity equation and the analysis of the movement of seeds along the inner surface of the drying drum, the dependence of the temperature of the seeds on the layer thickness, heating time and the number of cycles was obtained. The analysis of this dependence made it possible to determine the number of cycles (number of revolutions) at which a uniform temperature distribution is observed over the entire thickness of the seed layer. This dependence shows that the number of revolutions at which a uniform temperature distribution is observed is directly proportional to the thickness of the seed layer and inversely proportional to the thermal diffusivity and the duration of one cycle. The resulting dependence of the number of cycles, at which a uniform temperature distribution over the layer thickness is achieved, was comparable to a similar experimental dependence.\u0000Conclusions. It was found that the mathematical model adequately describes the transient process of seed heating during its mixing with the blades of a drying drum for vacuum drying seeds and can be used to calculate the modes of a vacuum drum dryer for seeds.\u0000Keywords: seeds, drying drum, seed temperature, stirring, vacuum dryer, thermal conductivity, layer thickness.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"34 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134056939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-24
Baliuk S. A., Lisovyi M. V., Borodin A. L.
Purpose. Analyzation the changes taking place in the soils and to formation of proposition for possible adjustments in the technologies of soil cultivation for the maximum compensation of negative consequences for its’ fertility and health based on the generalization of information about the current changes in climatic conditions in the world as a whole and on the territory of Ukraine in particular. Methods. Universal general scientific methods, methods of theoretical analysis, system method, expert evaluation of published information, covering the generalization of regulatory and methodological documents. Results. The impact of climate warming on soil processes is comprehensively considered. It has been determined that climate changes occurring in Ukraine are associated with a significant increase in the development of a number of degradation processes: physical degradation (overcompaction, deterioration of the structure, etc.), accelerated development of erosion processes. The prospects for the application of various soil protection and soil conservation technologies are analyzed in detail, depending on the characteristics of soils, taking into account their vulnerability to various types of degradation. The need for widespread introduction of the latest soil cultivation technologies is substantiated (taking into account the exceptions in which the application of such technologies is impossible due to existing negative properties for agriculture or serious manifestations of degradation processes). This is primarily a reduction in the number of passes through the fields of energy-rich machine-tractor units, especially in the spring and autumn periods, when structural particles due to unfavorable soil moisture conditions are the most vulnerable and can undergo irreversible destruction. The introduction of no-till technology and mulching of the soil surface is very promising from the point of view of compensation of negative consequences for soils. For saline soils, it is suggested to use deep plowing – the method of “self-improvement”. A well-grounded and developed technology of local land amelioration is promising for acidic soils, for the practical implementation of which it is necessary to design a working body that would be able to create microzones comfortable for the growth and development of agricultural crops in the arable layer of acidic soils with minimal mechanical damage to the surface layer of the soil. The question of the perspective of creating optimal physical parameters of the sowing (or arable) layer of the soil as a very underestimated reserve for increasing the yield of agricultural crops and adapting agriculture to climate change is considered separately. Current directions of scientific research aimed at adapting soil cultivation to new climatic conditions have been formulated. Conclusions. The perspective of adapting the agriculture of Ukraine to the climate changes that are currently taking place has been established, due
{"title":"Foundation of the direction of soil cultivation in the conditions of climate change","authors":"Baliuk S. A., Lisovyi M. V., Borodin A. L.","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-24","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Analyzation the changes taking place in the soils and to formation of proposition for possible adjustments in the technologies of soil cultivation for the maximum compensation of negative consequences for its’ fertility and health based on the generalization of information about the current changes in climatic conditions in the world as a whole and on the territory of Ukraine in particular.\u0000Methods. Universal general scientific methods, methods of theoretical analysis, system method, expert evaluation of published information, covering the generalization of regulatory and methodological documents.\u0000Results. The impact of climate warming on soil processes is comprehensively considered. It has been determined that climate changes occurring in Ukraine are associated with a significant increase in the development of a number of degradation processes: physical degradation (overcompaction, deterioration of the structure, etc.), accelerated development of erosion processes. The prospects for the application of various soil protection and soil conservation technologies are analyzed in detail, depending on the characteristics of soils, taking into account their vulnerability to various types of degradation.\u0000The need for widespread introduction of the latest soil cultivation technologies is substantiated (taking into account the exceptions in which the application of such technologies is impossible due to existing negative properties for agriculture or serious manifestations of degradation processes). This is primarily a reduction in the number of passes through the fields of energy-rich machine-tractor units, especially in the spring and autumn periods, when structural particles due to unfavorable soil moisture conditions are the most vulnerable and can undergo irreversible destruction. The introduction of no-till technology and mulching of the soil surface is very promising from the point of view of compensation of negative consequences for soils. For saline soils, it is suggested to use deep plowing – the method of “self-improvement”. A well-grounded and developed technology of local land amelioration is promising for acidic soils, for the practical implementation of which it is necessary to design a working body that would be able to create microzones comfortable for the growth and development of agricultural crops in the arable layer of acidic soils with minimal mechanical damage to the surface layer of the soil. The question of the perspective of creating optimal physical parameters of the sowing (or arable) layer of the soil as a very underestimated reserve for increasing the yield of agricultural crops and adapting agriculture to climate change is considered separately. Current directions of scientific research aimed at adapting soil cultivation to new climatic conditions have been formulated.\u0000Conclusions. The perspective of adapting the agriculture of Ukraine to the climate changes that are currently taking place has been established, due ","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133805589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-13
S. Grigorenko, D. Milko
Purpose. Development of the program and methods of carrying out experimental studies of the process of drying avian manure to determine the structural-technological and energy parameters of drum dryer. Methods. Methods of mathematical statistics, synthesis and analysis, description and modeling were used. Results. Presents the application of mathematical methods, in particular mathematical planning, which will allow to evaluate the role of influential factors; to obtain a mathematical model of the drying process and to determine the optimal conditions for its parameters and modes of operation. Conclusions. The technique of experimental studies of the process of drying chicken manure using a drum dryer allows to create a process model with minimal cost. The necessary equipment and methods for processing the obtained experimental data are presented. The mathematical method of planning is given, the levels and intervals of variation of the current factors are determined. Keywords: dryer, drum, litter, research methodology, biofertilizer.
{"title":"Methods of experimental studies of the process of drying bird droppings in a drum dryer","authors":"S. Grigorenko, D. Milko","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-13","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Development of the program and methods of carrying out experimental studies of the process of drying avian manure to determine the structural-technological and energy parameters of drum dryer.\u0000Methods. Methods of mathematical statistics, synthesis and analysis, description and modeling were used.\u0000Results. Presents the application of mathematical methods, in particular mathematical planning, which will allow to evaluate the role of influential factors; to obtain a mathematical model of the drying process and to determine the optimal conditions for its parameters and modes of operation.\u0000Conclusions. The technique of experimental studies of the process of drying chicken manure using a drum dryer allows to create a process model with minimal cost. The necessary equipment and methods for processing the obtained experimental data are presented. The mathematical method of planning is given, the levels and intervals of variation of the current factors are determined.\u0000Keywords: dryer, drum, litter, research methodology, biofertilizer.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114201114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-4
Ratushnyy V. V. V. V., Maranda S. O S. O, Kosovets Yu. V.
Purpose. Increasing the efficiency of the use of pesticides by substantiating the parameters of the mixer of the batch-type rotator for layer-by-layer treatment of seeds, which will ensure the improvement of the quality of seed treatment and ecological safety of the environment. Methods. The study used an analytical and experimental method using Microsoft Office and Mathcad software environments. Results. An analytical expression was obtained for determining the dynamic criterion of the mixer’s operating mode, as a necessary condition for the implementation of the work process of the batch-type rotator for the layer-by-layer treatment of seeds, based on which the analytical dependence of the mixer’s angular speed on its design parameters and the seed friction coefficient was established. The regression equation was obtained, which describes the shape of the shape of the mixer, which makes it possible to justify the main structural and kinematic parameters of the rotary seed treater. Conclusions. A mathematical relationship was obtained that describes the relationship between the design parameters and the operating modes of the mixer of the rotary seed treater, which ensure the movement of seeds up the working surface of the mixer in the field of action of centrifugal forces. It was theoretically established that the stable movement of seeds along the inner working surface of the rotary seed treater mixer with grain friction coefficients from 0.15 to 0.45 at angles of inclination of the tangent to the productive side surface of the mixer to the axis of rotation in the range from 30º to 40º is ensured at an angular speed of the mixer from 10 rad/s to 35 rad/s and the radius of the lower base of the mixer from 0.1 m to 0.3 m. Based on the results of experimental studies, a regression equation was obtained that describes the shape of the rotary seed treater mixer, which makes it possible to substantiate its main structural and kinematic parameters. Keywords: portion of seeds, seed treater, layer-by-layer processing, protective-stimulating-nutritious preparations.
目的。通过确定间歇式旋转器逐层处理种子的混合器参数，提高农药的使用效率，保证种子处理质量的提高和环境的生态安全。本研究采用分析与实验相结合的方法，使用Microsoft Office和Mathcad软件环境。得到了确定混合器工作模式动态判据的解析表达式，该表达式是间歇式旋转器实现种子分层处理工作过程的必要条件，并在此基础上建立了混合器角速度与设计参数和种子摩擦系数的解析依赖关系。得到了描述混合器形状的回归方程，为确定旋转式种子处理机的主要结构参数和运动参数提供了可能。得到了在离心力作用下，保证种子沿混合器工作面上运动的设计参数与混合器工作方式之间的数学关系。是理论上建立稳定运动的种子内部工作旋转处理器混合器与谷物种子表面摩擦系数从0.15到0.45的角度倾斜的富有成效的侧表面的切线机转动轴的范围从30º40º确保在混合器的角速度从10 rad / s 35 rad / s和较低的半径的混合器从0.1米到0.3米。在实验研究的基础上，得到了描述旋转式种子处理机形状的回归方程，从而确定了旋转式种子处理机的主要结构参数和运动参数。关键词:种子部分，种子处理机，层层加工，保护-刺激-营养制剂。
{"title":"Justification of the parameters of the mixer of the rotary treater for layer-by-layer treatment of seeds","authors":"Ratushnyy V. V. V. V., Maranda S. O S. O, Kosovets Yu. V.","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-4","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Increasing the efficiency of the use of pesticides by substantiating the parameters of the mixer of the batch-type rotator for layer-by-layer treatment of seeds, which will ensure the improvement of the quality of seed treatment and ecological safety of the environment.\u0000Methods. The study used an analytical and experimental method using Microsoft Office and Mathcad software environments.\u0000Results. An analytical expression was obtained for determining the dynamic criterion of the mixer’s operating mode, as a necessary condition for the implementation of the work process of the batch-type rotator for the layer-by-layer treatment of seeds, based on which the analytical dependence of the mixer’s angular speed on its design parameters and the seed friction coefficient was established. The regression equation was obtained, which describes the shape of the shape of the mixer, which makes it possible to justify the main structural and kinematic parameters of the rotary seed treater.\u0000Conclusions. A mathematical relationship was obtained that describes the relationship between the design parameters and the operating modes of the mixer of the rotary seed treater, which ensure the movement of seeds up the working surface of the mixer in the field of action of centrifugal forces. It was theoretically established that the stable movement of seeds along the inner working surface of the rotary seed treater mixer with grain friction coefficients from 0.15 to 0.45 at angles of inclination of the tangent to the productive side surface of the mixer to the axis of rotation in the range from 30º to 40º is ensured at an angular speed of the mixer from 10 rad/s to 35 rad/s and the radius of the lower base of the mixer from 0.1 m to 0.3 m. Based on the results of experimental studies, a regression equation was obtained that describes the shape of the rotary seed treater mixer, which makes it possible to substantiate its main structural and kinematic parameters.\u0000Keywords: portion of seeds, seed treater, layer-by-layer processing, protective-stimulating-nutritious preparations.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123634741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2021-13-19
S. P. Pogorilyy, V. Lysaniuk, V. Prysyazhnyi, V. Panasyuk
Annotation Purpose. Reducing the cost of crop production by creating technical means that ensure the use of imported plant protection products or fertilizers under the flow-through technological scheme. Methods. The theoretical and analytical methods of analysis of the technological process of introducing means of protection using the basic laws of economic theory using a personal computer. Results. The paper proposes ways to reduce the cost of crop production by reducing the direct operating costs of technological operations for plant protection through the use of these technological operations of agricultural machinery units (AMU) based on off-road chassis GAZ-66 and sprayer OA-3000. The technical and technological characteristics of AMU GAZ-66 + OA-3000, economic efficiency of GAZ-66 + OA-3000 in comparison with the MTZ-920 + OShSh-3000 machine-tractor unit is given. Conclusions. Use AMU based on car chassis GAZ-66 and the OA-3000 automobile sprayer on performance of technological operations on the use made of plant protection products give the chance to increase productivity by 53% and to reduce direct operating costs in 2.1 times in comparison with machine-tractor units on the basis MTZ-920. Keywords: machine agricultural unit, car chassis, sprayer, cost of production, plant protection products.
{"title":"Use of the automobile chassis on technological operation on plant protection","authors":"S. P. Pogorilyy, V. Lysaniuk, V. Prysyazhnyi, V. Panasyuk","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2021-13-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2021-13-19","url":null,"abstract":"Annotation\u0000Purpose. Reducing the cost of crop production by creating technical means that ensure the use of imported plant protection products or fertilizers under the flow-through technological scheme.\u0000Methods. The theoretical and analytical methods of analysis of the technological process of introducing means of protection using the basic laws of economic theory using a personal computer.\u0000Results. The paper proposes ways to reduce the cost of crop production by reducing the direct operating costs of technological operations for plant protection through the use of these technological operations of agricultural machinery units (AMU) based on off-road chassis GAZ-66 and sprayer \u0000OA-3000. The technical and technological characteristics of AMU \u0000GAZ-66 + OA-3000, economic efficiency of GAZ-66 + OA-3000 in comparison with the MTZ-920 + OShSh-3000 machine-tractor unit is given.\u0000Conclusions. Use AMU based on car chassis GAZ-66 and the OA-3000 automobile sprayer on performance of technological operations on the use made of plant protection products give the chance to increase productivity by 53% and to reduce direct operating costs in 2.1 times in comparison with machine-tractor units on the basis MTZ-920.\u0000Keywords: machine agricultural unit, car chassis, sprayer, cost of production, plant protection products.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128140391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-7
V. Adamchuk, M. Mintz, I. Savchenko, A. Boris, M. Gritsyshyn, P. A. Rykhlivskyi, I. K. Kasprovich, V. S. Galai
Annotation Purpose. Reduction of labor costs for the production of organic vegetable products through the creation and use of new methods and techniques for weed control. Methods. Monographic, analytical, abstract-logical, structural modeling, design and manufacture of alternative technical means for the implementation of effective methods of weed control in the system of organic farming. Results. The main alternative methods and technical means for weed control in the system of organic farming in the world and in Ukraine are identified. Currently, alternative methods of weed control are weed control by flame, hot water and steam, and electropulse weed control. In fire cultivation, when the soil heating temperature does not exceed 70 °C, proteins in weed plants are damaged in the “thread” stage. In phase 4–6 the leaves, at the same temperature, destroy up to 90 %, and in the later phase of development – up to 75 % of weeds. Conclusions. An analysis of research and publications has shown that the use of known mechanical, thermal and electropulse weed control methods in various technological operations for growing crops will allow effective weed control in organic farming without the use of chemicals. The high-precision navigation system developed in the NSC “IAEE”, which is capable of carrying out a machine-tractor unit at a predetermined trajectory with a deviation of ±2 cm, will solve the problem of combating weeds in the ranks of vegetables and ingun crops in the system of organic farming. Keywords: organic farming, fire cultivation, weed control, steam and hot water, electropulse action.
{"title":"Promising directions for the creation and use of technical means for weed control in the system of organic farming","authors":"V. Adamchuk, M. Mintz, I. Savchenko, A. Boris, M. Gritsyshyn, P. A. Rykhlivskyi, I. K. Kasprovich, V. S. Galai","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2021-14-7","url":null,"abstract":"Annotation\u0000Purpose. Reduction of labor costs for the production of organic vegetable products through the creation and use of new methods and techniques for weed control.\u0000Methods. Monographic, analytical, abstract-logical, structural modeling, design and manufacture of alternative technical means for the implementation of effective methods of weed control in the system of organic farming.\u0000Results. The main alternative methods and technical means for weed control in the system of organic farming in the world and in Ukraine are identified. Currently, alternative methods of weed control are weed control by flame, hot water and steam, and electropulse weed control. In fire cultivation, when the soil heating temperature does not exceed 70 °C, proteins in weed plants are damaged in the “thread” stage. In phase 4–6 the leaves, at the same temperature, destroy up to 90 %, and in the later phase of development – up to 75 % of weeds.\u0000Conclusions. An analysis of research and publications has shown that the use of known mechanical, thermal and electropulse weed control methods in various technological operations for growing crops will allow effective weed control in organic farming without the use of chemicals.\u0000The high-precision navigation system developed in the NSC “IAEE”, which is capable of carrying out a machine-tractor unit at a predetermined trajectory with a deviation of ±2 cm, will solve the problem of combating weeds in the ranks of vegetables and ingun crops in the system of organic farming.\u0000Keywords: organic farming, fire cultivation, weed control, steam and hot water, electropulse action.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121136610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-10
Aneliak M. M M. M., Kuzmych A. Ya., Konoval O. O.
Purpose. The goal is to increase the efficiency of the process of primary processing of grain with high contamination and moisture by intensifying the process of preliminary cleaning of grain material using cylindrical sieves. Methods. Experimental studies of the operation of a cylindrical sieve were carried out on the basis of the methods of a planned experiment. Processing of the obtained data was carried out using the methods of regression analysis and mathematical statistics using a PC and software packages MathCad, Statistika, Microsoft Office Excel. Results. The results of studies of the process of preliminary cleaning of grain material with high contamination and moisture are presented. The parameters and modes of operation of the cylindrical sieve are substantiated. The separation capacity of the sieve is determined depending on the coefficient of the kinematic regime. Conclusions. The use of a cylindrical sieve with an inclined axis of rotation will intensify the process of separating grain material with high contamination and moisture, which can significantly increase the efficiency of machines for pre-treatment of grain material. Based on the research results, rational values of the index of the kinematical mode of movement of the cylindrical sieve were determined, at which the maximum intensity of grain sifting is observed. When separating weed grain material, it is in the range of 0.55–0.65. It has been established that the separation of the main part of the grain (within 0.8–0.9) from the straw impurities occurs on one meter of the cylindrical surface of the sieve. For complete cleaning of grain from straw impurities, the length of the sieve is two meters. Keywords separation of contaminated grain mixture, rotary cleaning device, seed cleaning.
{"title":"The use of cylindrical sieves to intensify the preliminary cleaning of grain material with a high contamination with plant residues","authors":"Aneliak M. M M. M., Kuzmych A. Ya., Konoval O. O.","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2022-15-10","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The goal is to increase the efficiency of the process of primary processing of grain with high contamination and moisture by intensifying the process of preliminary cleaning of grain material using cylindrical sieves.\u0000Methods. Experimental studies of the operation of a cylindrical sieve were carried out on the basis of the methods of a planned experiment. Processing of the obtained data was carried out using the methods of regression analysis and mathematical statistics using a PC and software packages MathCad, Statistika, Microsoft Office Excel.\u0000Results. The results of studies of the process of preliminary cleaning of grain material with high contamination and moisture are presented. The parameters and modes of operation of the cylindrical sieve are substantiated. The separation capacity of the sieve is determined depending on the coefficient of the kinematic regime.\u0000Conclusions. The use of a cylindrical sieve with an inclined axis of rotation will intensify the process of separating grain material with high contamination and moisture, which can significantly increase the efficiency of machines for pre-treatment of grain material.\u0000Based on the research results, rational values of the index of the kinematical mode of movement of the cylindrical sieve were determined, at which the maximum intensity of grain sifting is observed. When separating weed grain material, it is in the range of 0.55–0.65.\u0000It has been established that the separation of the main part of the grain (within 0.8–0.9) from the straw impurities occurs on one meter of the cylindrical surface of the sieve. For complete cleaning of grain from straw impurities, the length of the sieve is two meters.\u0000Keywords separation of contaminated grain mixture, rotary cleaning device, seed cleaning.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115447523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-23
P. Vitrukh
Purpose. Reduction of costs and increase of productivity of use of transport-technological machines. Methods. Analytical. Results. The above dependencies for the calculation of productivity can be used at different stages of development and design of transport technology machines (TTM) make it possible to reduce costs. Conclusions. The above dependencies for the calculation of performance can be used at various stages of the development and design of TTM. In particular, it is advisable to use dependencies to evaluate the implementation of the design parameters of the TTM, since cycle performance is most sensitive to the parameters. In addition, the value Wц is the maximum achievable performance for some fixed values of the design parameters (ВР, Vк), characteristics (Vp, Qs, Rn) and conditions ( г, Q3, l4.1). It is advisable to use operational productivity for comparison of different variants of execution of TTM, since its value is influenced not only by design parameters and characteristics, but also by technological and technical reliability, operational manufacturability, organizational and technical factors. Keywords: operational productivity, transport and technological machine, development and design, comparative assessment.
{"title":"Modeling of performance in estimation of design parameters transport-technological machines","authors":"P. Vitrukh","doi":"10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2019-10-23","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Reduction of costs and increase of productivity of use of transport-technological machines.\u0000Methods. Analytical.\u0000Results. The above dependencies for the calculation of productivity can be used at different stages of development and design of transport technology machines (TTM) make it possible to reduce costs.\u0000Conclusions. The above dependencies for the calculation of performance can be used at various stages of the development and design of TTM. In particular, it is advisable to use dependencies to evaluate the implementation of the design parameters of the TTM, since cycle performance is most sensitive to the parameters. In addition, the value Wц is the maximum achievable performance for some fixed values of the design parameters (ВР, Vк), characteristics (Vp, Qs, Rn) and conditions ( г, Q3, l4.1). It is advisable to use operational productivity for comparison of different variants of execution of TTM, since its value is influenced not only by design parameters and characteristics, but also by technological and technical reliability, operational manufacturability, organizational and technical factors.\u0000Keywords: operational productivity, transport and technological machine, development and design, comparative assessment.","PeriodicalId":253322,"journal":{"name":"Mehanization and electrification of agricultural","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116328215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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