Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i2.12059
Suswadi, Norbertus Citra Irawan
Limited land, environmental contamination, the loss of agricultural culture, and the inability to use ethnobotany all contribute to the health problems city dwellers face. These problems cause air pollution, lack of a good diet, loss of traditional knowledge, and underutilization of natural therapeutic plants. Ethnobotany and urban farming can create healthier cities by maintaining biodiversity, socially enhancing community involvement, and economically offering local business opportunities and sustainable food security. This study aims to investigate the perception of urban communities regarding the relationship between the planet, people, and profit with ethnobotanical practices and urban farming in achieving the concept of “city healing”. This research uses the primary method of case and explanatory studies, purposive location determination of five major cities in Indonesia, with 150 respondents. The structural equation model (SEM) was used to test the model, while the partial least squares (PLS) was used to analyze survey data with interviews and observations. The results showed that people, the planet, and profit generally have excellent and significant effects on urban farming ethnobotany. Using ethnobotanical practices has a considerable and beneficial impact on urban health. Urban farming ethnobotany can promote city healing.
{"title":"The “City Healing” Development through Ethnobotany Urban Farming with a Sustainable Planet, People, and Profit Approach","authors":"Suswadi, Norbertus Citra Irawan","doi":"10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i2.12059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i2.12059","url":null,"abstract":"Limited land, environmental contamination, the loss of agricultural culture, and the inability to use ethnobotany all contribute to the health problems city dwellers face. These problems cause air pollution, lack of a good diet, loss of traditional knowledge, and underutilization of natural therapeutic plants. Ethnobotany and urban farming can create healthier cities by maintaining biodiversity, socially enhancing community involvement, and economically offering local business opportunities and sustainable food security. This study aims to investigate the perception of urban communities regarding the relationship between the planet, people, and profit with ethnobotanical practices and urban farming in achieving the concept of “city healing”. This research uses the primary method of case and explanatory studies, purposive location determination of five major cities in Indonesia, with 150 respondents. The structural equation model (SEM) was used to test the model, while the partial least squares (PLS) was used to analyze survey data with interviews and observations. The results showed that people, the planet, and profit generally have excellent and significant effects on urban farming ethnobotany. Using ethnobotanical practices has a considerable and beneficial impact on urban health. Urban farming ethnobotany can promote city healing.","PeriodicalId":254783,"journal":{"name":"Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":" 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138618582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i2.3860
Suaad Shnawa Jassim, Hamza Mizail Hawa
Abstract: The current study was conducted in private dairy cows station located in middle of Iraq by using 80 samples of blood during the period 2021 – 2022 in aim to determine the effect of IL-6 concentration on reproductive performance. Results showed a significant effect (P≤0.01) of IL-6 level on reproductive traits parameters. Days open differed significantly according this interleukin and the highest days open was recorded in cows with low IL-6 level namely, 187.37 pg/ml. Service per conception differed significantly according to IL-6 level in blood plasma, the highest number of service per conception was recorded in cows with low IL-6 interleukin about 3.77 service. calving interval differed significantly according to IL-6 concentration, the longest period was noticed in cows with low IL-6 level compared with the shortest period which noticed in cows with moderate IL-6 level namely, 482.48 and 400.25 day respectively. Ovulation weakness differ significantly (P≤0.01) according to IL-6, the highest rate of infection was recorded in cows with high IL-6 level (63.64%) from total number about 33 cases while the lowest rate of ovulation weakness was noticed in cows with low IL-6 level namely, 21.21%.
{"title":"Effect of interleukin -6 level on reproductive performance in Holstein cows","authors":"Suaad Shnawa Jassim, Hamza Mizail Hawa","doi":"10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i2.3860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i2.3860","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: \u0000The current study was conducted in private dairy cows station located in middle of Iraq by using 80 samples of blood during the period 2021 – 2022 in aim to determine the effect of IL-6 concentration on reproductive performance. Results showed a significant effect (P≤0.01) of IL-6 level on reproductive traits parameters. Days open differed significantly according this interleukin and the highest days open was recorded in cows with low IL-6 level namely, 187.37 pg/ml. Service per conception differed significantly according to IL-6 level in blood plasma, the highest number of service per conception was recorded in cows with low IL-6 interleukin about 3.77 service. calving interval differed significantly according to IL-6 concentration, the longest period was noticed in cows with low IL-6 level compared with the shortest period which noticed in cows with moderate IL-6 level namely, 482.48 and 400.25 day respectively. Ovulation weakness differ significantly (P≤0.01) according to IL-6, the highest rate of infection was recorded in cows with high IL-6 level (63.64%) from total number about 33 cases while the lowest rate of ovulation weakness was noticed in cows with low IL-6 level namely, 21.21%.","PeriodicalId":254783,"journal":{"name":"Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":" 1247","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138610150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i2.10351
Abood W.A. Al-Esawi
Maintaining a certain level of rice production must coincide with maintaining soil fertility, reducing pollution to the environment, and reducing water consumption. A field experiment was carried out during the 2020 summer growing season in a spot of Al-Issa county-Abbasiya district in the province of Najaf, in order to study the effect of different levels of irrigation and organic fertilizers on the growth, yield and components of the local rice variety Jasmine. The experimental plants were planted on June 17, according to the rice intensification system (SRI) method, by seedling method, at distances of 25 cm between seedlings and lines, with one seedling in the hole. Weeds were removed by hand three times. It was designed as a factorial experiment using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates, where the irrigation levels (daily, 3 or 7 days irrigation intervals) as the main factor, while the organic fertilizers at two levels (10 and 5 ton.hˉ¹) were the secondary factor. The results showed that irrigation at 3 days intervals in clay soil mixed with the use of 10 ton.h-1 of organic fertilizers in SRI gave the highest rates of growth characteristics and yield components of Jasmine rice. In the case of irrigation and soil conditions in the study site, SRI is recommended to reduce water consumption and maintain an acceptable level of soil fertility, taking into account maintaining a level of production.
维持一定水平的水稻产量必须与保持土壤肥力、减少对环境的污染和减少水的消耗相一致。2020年夏季生长季，在纳杰夫省Al-Issa县- abbasiya地区的一个地点进行了田间试验，以研究不同灌溉水平和有机肥对当地水稻品种茉莉花的生长、产量和成分的影响。试验植株于6月17日按水稻集约化系统(SRI)方法，采用育苗法，苗线间距25cm，穴内育苗1株。杂草被手工清除了三次。试验采用随机完全区组设计(RCBD)，设3个重复，以灌溉水平(每天、3天或7天灌溉间隔)为主要影响因素，有机肥水平(10和5 t .h - 1)为次要影响因素。结果表明，每隔3天在粘土土壤中灌溉，并在SRI中施用10 t .h-1有机肥，茉莉花水稻的生长特征和产量组成的速率最高。在研究地点的灌溉和土壤条件的情况下，建议采用SRI来减少用水量并保持可接受的土壤肥力水平，同时考虑到维持生产水平。
{"title":"Response of Jasmine rice to different levels of irrigation and organic fertilization under SRI cultivation method","authors":"Abood W.A. Al-Esawi","doi":"10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i2.10351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i2.10351","url":null,"abstract":"Maintaining a certain level of rice production must coincide with maintaining soil fertility, reducing pollution to the environment, and reducing water consumption. A field experiment was carried out during the 2020 summer growing season in a spot of Al-Issa county-Abbasiya district in the province of Najaf, in order to study the effect of different levels of irrigation and organic fertilizers on the growth, yield and components of the local rice variety Jasmine. The experimental plants were planted on June 17, according to the rice intensification system (SRI) method, by seedling method, at distances of 25 cm between seedlings and lines, with one seedling in the hole. Weeds were removed by hand three times. It was designed as a factorial experiment using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates, where the irrigation levels (daily, 3 or 7 days irrigation intervals) as the main factor, while the organic fertilizers at two levels (10 and 5 ton.hˉ¹) were the secondary factor. The results showed that irrigation at 3 days intervals in clay soil mixed with the use of 10 ton.h-1 of organic fertilizers in SRI gave the highest rates of growth characteristics and yield components of Jasmine rice. In the case of irrigation and soil conditions in the study site, SRI is recommended to reduce water consumption and maintain an acceptable level of soil fertility, taking into account maintaining a level of production.","PeriodicalId":254783,"journal":{"name":"Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":" 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138619820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.3851
H. Al-Jubouri, Abbas Mohsen Salman Al-Hamidawi
This study was conducted in quail as a particular work for the of histopathological disorders between Sept6, 2018 Nov23, 2018 (77 days), to determine the effect of adding cinnamon alcohol extract to diets in ovulation and the fertility rate of the ovary and oviduct tissue in the quail, there are (3 treatments), and they were divided into 12 cages, each group consists of 10 males with 5 females. In the first group, quails were fed on a standard diet without any additives, while in the second treatment, 300 mg/kg of alcoholic extract of cinnamon was added to the quails’ diet, and the third treatment include the addition of 400mg.kg-1 of alcoholic cinnamon extract powder, the results of the histological study showed that the quail diet includes alcoholic cinnamon extract of additives (400 mg per kg) a physiological reproductive activity changes, ovulation and fertility rate were increased without any side effects. In conclusion, the results showed an increase in growth rate and cilia number and ciliated epithelial layer cells in their numbers and shapes in the oviduct, despite the rapid growth and rapid ovulation, unless there was no change in the shape of the egg or a change in its components.
{"title":"Effect of Cytokinin, Western bud extract and CuSo4 on some Storage Traits of Fig Fruits of black Diyala cultivar. ( Ficus carica L. )","authors":"H. Al-Jubouri, Abbas Mohsen Salman Al-Hamidawi","doi":"10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.3851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.3851","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted in quail as a particular work for the of histopathological disorders between Sept6, 2018 Nov23, 2018 (77 days), to determine the effect of adding cinnamon alcohol extract to diets in ovulation and the fertility rate of the ovary and oviduct tissue in the quail, there are (3 treatments), and they were divided into 12 cages, each group consists of 10 males with 5 females. In the first group, quails were fed on a standard diet without any additives, while in the second treatment, 300 mg/kg of alcoholic extract of cinnamon was added to the quails’ diet, and the third treatment include the addition of 400mg.kg-1 of alcoholic cinnamon extract powder, the results of the histological study showed that the quail diet includes alcoholic cinnamon extract of additives (400 mg per kg) a physiological reproductive activity changes, ovulation and fertility rate were increased without any side effects. In conclusion, the results showed an increase in growth rate and cilia number and ciliated epithelial layer cells in their numbers and shapes in the oviduct, despite the rapid growth and rapid ovulation, unless there was no change in the shape of the egg or a change in its components.","PeriodicalId":254783,"journal":{"name":"Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"11 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123605739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.3703
Bayadir Merza Oudah, H. G. Al-Kellabi
The experiment was conducted in the fields of Al-Hilla - Babylon province, with loam soil, during the autumn season of 2021, to study the effect of different irrigation methods and levels of depletions on the growth and yield of corn (Zea mays L.). The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was an as complete split plot with three replications, the main plot included the treatment of depletion levels and subplot irrigation systems, and the treatments were distributed on the experimental plots randomly. Irrigation systems included three levels of subsurface drip irrigation - surface drip irrigation - surface irrigation with furrows, and the levels of depletion for each treatment were 20%, 40%, and 60%. The result showed that the subsurface drip irrigation treatment with 40% depletion achieved the highest plant height (206.92). While there was no significant difference with the surface drip treatment. The furrows irrigation system has the lowest plant height, which reached (174.14). There are significant differences between the treatment and the level of depletion in the area of the leaves of the plant. Also, the irrigation methods used did not significantly affect the weight and depth of the roots, while there were significant differences in the values of yield weight for the treatments and water depletion rates.
{"title":"The Effect of some Irrigation Methods and Moisture Depletion percent in the Growth and Productivity of Corn","authors":"Bayadir Merza Oudah, H. G. Al-Kellabi","doi":"10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.3703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.3703","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted in the fields of Al-Hilla - Babylon province, with loam soil, during the autumn season of 2021, to study the effect of different irrigation methods and levels of depletions on the growth and yield of corn (Zea mays L.). The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was an as complete split plot with three replications, the main plot included the treatment of depletion levels and subplot irrigation systems, and the treatments were distributed on the experimental plots randomly. Irrigation systems included three levels of subsurface drip irrigation - surface drip irrigation - surface irrigation with furrows, and the levels of depletion for each treatment were 20%, 40%, and 60%. The result showed that the subsurface drip irrigation treatment with 40% depletion achieved the highest plant height (206.92). While there was no significant difference with the surface drip treatment. The furrows irrigation system has the lowest plant height, which reached (174.14). There are significant differences between the treatment and the level of depletion in the area of the leaves of the plant. Also, the irrigation methods used did not significantly affect the weight and depth of the roots, while there were significant differences in the values of yield weight for the treatments and water depletion rates.","PeriodicalId":254783,"journal":{"name":"Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117006827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.10305
Y. Hammo, Salah Shaheen Mohammed
Duhok City, the third Governorate in the Kurdistan region and one of the safe and tourist cities in Iraq, located in the Northwestern part of the Iraqi Kurdistan between the latitude 36° 51´ 38.077” N, longitude 42° 52’ 02.998” E and on elevation 565 meter above sea level with area about 76.06 km2, the approximate population of the city for the year 2021 is about 405636 persons according to the Duhok Department of Statistics. The tools and programs used in this study were Image satellite, Google Earth, GIS, GIS and remote sensory (NDVI), Field survey. The results are summarized as following. Nine parks in Duhok city (Alin, Barzani, Buhar, Azadi, Bekhal, Kani Xishmana, Tahsen Taha, Nawroz and Dilshad M. Said). The total area of these parks were 217318 m2, 71.66% of this area was green area, so that the green area percentage for each person in this city was 0.536 m2 per person when compared with some city per capita share we found that this figure was less than the least one Damascus city (0.7) m2 per person and far away from Vienna city that reach (124.6) m2 per person. The evaluation degree of this parks were between 55.2 for Nawroz to 86.6 for Azadi Park (from 100 mark), the system irrigation is sprinkle for all parks. The largest area was Barzani Park with 55879 m2 whereas the smallest area was Alin (7494) m2. The total number of plants are (7280) plants, 2254 of them include many kind of tree, the highest number was cupressus sempervirens (428) tree then Robinia pseudoacaia (338) whereas the less one was Acer negundo just have (6) trees.
{"title":"Evaluate of green space (Parks) in Duhok city by use Image satellite, Google earth, GIS, (NDVI), and Field survey techniques","authors":"Y. Hammo, Salah Shaheen Mohammed","doi":"10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.10305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.10305","url":null,"abstract":"Duhok City, the third Governorate in the Kurdistan region and one of the safe and tourist cities in Iraq, located in the Northwestern part of the Iraqi Kurdistan between the latitude 36° 51´ 38.077” N, longitude 42° 52’ 02.998” E and on elevation 565 meter above sea level with area about 76.06 km2, the approximate population of the city for the year 2021 is about 405636 persons according to the Duhok Department of Statistics. The tools and programs used in this study were Image satellite, Google Earth, GIS, GIS and remote sensory (NDVI), Field survey. The results are summarized as following. Nine parks in Duhok city (Alin, Barzani, Buhar, Azadi, Bekhal, Kani Xishmana, Tahsen Taha, Nawroz and Dilshad M. Said). The total area of these parks were 217318 m2, 71.66% of this area was green area, so that the green area percentage for each person in this city was 0.536 m2 per person when compared with some city per capita share we found that this figure was less than the least one Damascus city (0.7) m2 per person and far away from Vienna city that reach (124.6) m2 per person. The evaluation degree of this parks were between 55.2 for Nawroz to 86.6 for Azadi Park (from 100 mark), the system irrigation is sprinkle for all parks. The largest area was Barzani Park with 55879 m2 whereas the smallest area was Alin (7494) m2. The total number of plants are (7280) plants, 2254 of them include many kind of tree, the highest number was cupressus sempervirens (428) tree then Robinia pseudoacaia (338) whereas the less one was Acer negundo just have (6) trees.","PeriodicalId":254783,"journal":{"name":"Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132904305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.9259
Salwa H. Mohammed, G. H. Mohammed
This experiment was carried out during the 2021-2022 growth season to test the effect of the sowing date (1st October and 21st October), three levels of bio-health (0.0, 5.0, and 10.0 g.L-1), and three levels of the amino acid (0.0, 2.0 and 4.0 ml.L-1) on different growth and yield parameters of the pea plant. The experiment was implicated in a Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) and replicated three times. The result showed that the 21st October sowing date was superior to the 1st October in branch number plant-1, pod number plant-1, and total yield (t.ha-1). Applications of bio-health significantly increased most traits. It was also noticed spraying amino acid at a concentration of 2.0 ml.L-1 had a significant effect on branch number plant-1, total chlorophyll%, pod number plant-1, pod weight (g), and total yield (t.ha-1). The combination of sowing date, bio-health, and amino acid significantly enhanced all studied traits, especially on 21st October, 5.0 g.L-1 bio-health and 2.0 ml.L-1 amino acid.
本试验于2021-2022年生育季节，研究播期(10月1日和10月21日)、生物健康水平(0.0、5.0和10.0 ml.L-1)和氨基酸水平(0.0、2.0和4.0 ml.L-1)对豌豆植株不同生长和产量参数的影响。本实验采用随机完全块设计(rc.b.d)，重复三次。结果表明，10月21日播期在枝数plant-1、荚果数plant-1和总产量(t.ha-1)上均优于10月1日播期。生物保健的应用显著提高了大多数性状。喷施浓度为2.0 ml.L-1的氨基酸对植株枝数plant-1、总叶绿素%、荚果数plant-1、荚果重(g)和总产量(t.ha-1)均有显著影响。播期、生物健康和氨基酸的组合显著提高了所有研究性状，特别是在10月21日添加5.0 g时。L-1生物保健和2.0 ml L-1氨基酸。
{"title":"Effect of Sowing Date, Bio-health and Amino Acid on Vegetative Growth and Yield of Pea (Pisum sativum L.)","authors":"Salwa H. Mohammed, G. H. Mohammed","doi":"10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.9259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.9259","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was carried out during the 2021-2022 growth season to test the effect of the sowing date (1st October and 21st October), three levels of bio-health (0.0, 5.0, and 10.0 g.L-1), and three levels of the amino acid (0.0, 2.0 and 4.0 ml.L-1) on different growth and yield parameters of the pea plant. The experiment was implicated in a Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) and replicated three times. The result showed that the 21st October sowing date was superior to the 1st October in branch number plant-1, pod number plant-1, and total yield (t.ha-1). Applications of bio-health significantly increased most traits. It was also noticed spraying amino acid at a concentration of 2.0 ml.L-1 had a significant effect on branch number plant-1, total chlorophyll%, pod number plant-1, pod weight (g), and total yield (t.ha-1). The combination of sowing date, bio-health, and amino acid significantly enhanced all studied traits, especially on 21st October, 5.0 g.L-1 bio-health and 2.0 ml.L-1 amino acid.","PeriodicalId":254783,"journal":{"name":"Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121784474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.10214
Anwar Mohammed Raouf Mahmood, J. M. Faraj, A. Sharef, H. Majeed, Fakhraddin Mustafa Hamasalih, N. Tahir
Almond is considered the most common and essential nut grown in the rainfed area. It has many species wildly distributed in the Iraqi Kurdistan region, which are called Chaqala by local people. To understand and improve the characteristics of the cultivated almonds, a comprehensive study of wild almonds in terms of population structure and genetic diversity is needed to transfer new traits into the domesticated almonds. So, twelve different genotypes were collected and analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The results revealed polymorphic bands for both markers, the mean value of 5.8 for the RAPD marker and 7.8 for the ISSR marker was also documented. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values were obtained for RAPD primes that range between (0.64-0.85) and ISSR primers were also verified between (0.53-0.91), which shows the discriminatory power of these markers. “Jaccard similarity coefficients” were obtained between 0.34 (G11 vs. G12) to 0.77 (G1 vs. G10), and clustered into four groups with a mean similarity (0.65) for ten RADP markers. For ten ISSR markers, 0.35 (G8, G10) to 0.79 (G6 vs. G11) were also observed, which is clustered into a mean similarity (0.65). Structure analysis of RAPD and ISSR showed two major groups. Overall, these outcomes showed the diversity between the studied genotypes and among groups which are highly important for future almond breeding and conservation programs.
杏仁被认为是生长在雨养地区最常见和最重要的坚果。它有许多种类，广泛分布在伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区，被当地人称为Chaqala。为了了解和提高栽培杏仁的性状，需要对野生杏仁的群体结构和遗传多样性进行全面的研究，以便将新性状转移到驯化杏仁中。因此，我们收集了12种不同的基因型，并利用随机扩增多态性DNA (RAPD)和简单序列重复间(ISSR)标记进行分析。结果表明，RAPD和ISSR标记的平均多态性频带分别为5.8和7.8。RAPD引物的多态性信息含量(PIC)在0.64 ~ 0.85之间，ISSR引物的多态性信息含量(PIC)在0.53 ~ 0.91之间，表明RAPD引物具有较强的区分能力。10个RADP标记的“Jaccard相似系数”在0.34 (G11 vs. G12) ~ 0.77 (G1 vs. G10)之间，以平均相似度(0.65)分为4组。10个ISSR标记的相似度为0.35 (G8, G10) ~ 0.79 (G6 vs. G11)，聚为平均相似度(0.65)。RAPD和ISSR结构分析显示为两大类群。总的来说，这些结果显示了所研究的基因型之间和群体之间的多样性，这对未来的杏仁育种和保护计划非常重要。
{"title":"Evaluation of Wild Almond Genotypes Grown as a Rain-fed Crop in Sulaimani Governorate using RAPD and ISSR Markers","authors":"Anwar Mohammed Raouf Mahmood, J. M. Faraj, A. Sharef, H. Majeed, Fakhraddin Mustafa Hamasalih, N. Tahir","doi":"10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.10214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.10214","url":null,"abstract":"Almond is considered the most common and essential nut grown in the rainfed area. It has many species wildly distributed in the Iraqi Kurdistan region, which are called Chaqala by local people. To understand and improve the characteristics of the cultivated almonds, a comprehensive study of wild almonds in terms of population structure and genetic diversity is needed to transfer new traits into the domesticated almonds. So, twelve different genotypes were collected and analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The results revealed polymorphic bands for both markers, the mean value of 5.8 for the RAPD marker and 7.8 for the ISSR marker was also documented. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values were obtained for RAPD primes that range between (0.64-0.85) and ISSR primers were also verified between (0.53-0.91), which shows the discriminatory power of these markers. “Jaccard similarity coefficients” were obtained between 0.34 (G11 vs. G12) to 0.77 (G1 vs. G10), and clustered into four groups with a mean similarity (0.65) for ten RADP markers. For ten ISSR markers, 0.35 (G8, G10) to 0.79 (G6 vs. G11) were also observed, which is clustered into a mean similarity (0.65). Structure analysis of RAPD and ISSR showed two major groups. Overall, these outcomes showed the diversity between the studied genotypes and among groups which are highly important for future almond breeding and conservation programs.","PeriodicalId":254783,"journal":{"name":"Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127109456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.3591
Karrar Mohammed Hussein Al-Hamadani, F. Sabit
The Probe trap was tested with three types (empty, water, alcoholic extract of (Vicia faba) respectively and for three periods of time (1, 2, 3) days respectively to catch the cowpea weevil C. maculatus that infests the broad bean seeds prepared for cultivation. It gave a trap Probe catching percentage on the third day of placing the traps respectively (19.16, 62.5, 88.33)% respectively, and the lowest catching percentage on the first day was (5.83, 20, 41.67%) respectively, while the highest percentage of catch was for the Indicator device trap with three species (Grease as sticky material , water, Vicia faba flower extract) for the third day with placing traps (52.5, 70, 72.5%) respectively, and the lowest percentage of catching was on the first day, which was (27.5, 40, 47.5%) respectively. From the experiment, the efficiency of the Probe trap and the Indicator device trap, to which bean flower extract was added, in hunting C. maculatus adults for the same time period, where the extract increased the efficiency of the two traps, followed by water for the same period of time.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Efficiency of Probe and Indicator Device traps for Catch Adults of the Cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus Fab. (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea)","authors":"Karrar Mohammed Hussein Al-Hamadani, F. Sabit","doi":"10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.3591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.3591","url":null,"abstract":"The Probe trap was tested with three types (empty, water, alcoholic extract of (Vicia faba) respectively and for three periods of time (1, 2, 3) days respectively to catch the cowpea weevil C. maculatus that infests the broad bean seeds prepared for cultivation. It gave a trap Probe catching percentage on the third day of placing the traps respectively (19.16, 62.5, 88.33)% respectively, and the lowest catching percentage on the first day was (5.83, 20, 41.67%) respectively, while the highest percentage of catch was for the Indicator device trap with three species (Grease as sticky material , water, Vicia faba flower extract) for the third day with placing traps (52.5, 70, 72.5%) respectively, and the lowest percentage of catching was on the first day, which was (27.5, 40, 47.5%) respectively. From the experiment, the efficiency of the Probe trap and the Indicator device trap, to which bean flower extract was added, in hunting C. maculatus adults for the same time period, where the extract increased the efficiency of the two traps, followed by water for the same period of time.","PeriodicalId":254783,"journal":{"name":"Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134505035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.10320
Ghufran Mohsin Bashah, A. E. Mohammed
The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Trichoderma longibrachiatum against damping-off pathogens on four commercial cultivars of cucumber in vitro. Various sites of Najaf province including (Abasia, Quzwenia, Haydaria, Manathera and Meshkab) were surveyed to detect the spread of studied disease. Pathogenic fungi were isolated from roots and stem parts of infected cucumber plants that collected from studied sites then diagnosed morphologically. The pathogenicity test was conducted on fungal isolates and the susceptibility of four different cucumber varieties (Superina F1, Beit alpha F1, Cucumber short and Hybrid cucumber) to these isolates was tested in laboratory with the presence of the fungal bio-control T. longibrachiatum. One isolate of Fusarium sp. and another isolate of R. solani found to be very virulence which increase the percentage of damping off on seedlings up to 90and 100% respectively compare to control treatment of the four studied varieties that recorded 100, 95, 90 and 85 respectively and reduced vegetative and root growth indicators of cucumber plants (the weight and the length of plumule, the weight and the length of radicale) and these isolates were chosen to complete the later studies. The diagnosis of these two isolate then confirmed by (PCR) to F. solani and R. solani as both isolates were registered in National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under ON394603 and ON398997 accession numbers respectively. Results showed that T. longibrachiatum treatment was increased studied indicators when it was added alone or with other treatments to the soil of plastic pots and provided a protection for cucumber plants from the infection by the disease. The susceptibility of the four studied different cucumber varieties to F. solani and R. solani showed that Cucumber short and Beit alpha F1 varieties were more susceptible to the infection by damping off pathogens compare to moderate susceptibility in Hybrid cucumber, while Superina F1 showed less susceptibility which clearly indicated in the studied vegetative and root growth indicators of cucumber plants.
{"title":"The effect of Trichoderma longibrachiatum Against Damping-off Pathogens on Different Varieties of Cucumber in Vitro","authors":"Ghufran Mohsin Bashah, A. E. Mohammed","doi":"10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.10320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36077/kjas/2023/v15i1.10320","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Trichoderma longibrachiatum against damping-off pathogens on four commercial cultivars of cucumber in vitro. Various sites of Najaf province including (Abasia, Quzwenia, Haydaria, Manathera and Meshkab) were surveyed to detect the spread of studied disease. Pathogenic fungi were isolated from roots and stem parts of infected cucumber plants that collected from studied sites then diagnosed morphologically. The pathogenicity test was conducted on fungal isolates and the susceptibility of four different cucumber varieties (Superina F1, Beit alpha F1, Cucumber short and Hybrid cucumber) to these isolates was tested in laboratory with the presence of the fungal bio-control T. longibrachiatum. One isolate of Fusarium sp. and another isolate of R. solani found to be very virulence which increase the percentage of damping off on seedlings up to 90and 100% respectively compare to control treatment of the four studied varieties that recorded 100, 95, 90 and 85 respectively and reduced vegetative and root growth indicators of cucumber plants (the weight and the length of plumule, the weight and the length of radicale) and these isolates were chosen to complete the later studies. The diagnosis of these two isolate then confirmed by (PCR) to F. solani and R. solani as both isolates were registered in National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under ON394603 and ON398997 accession numbers respectively. Results showed that T. longibrachiatum treatment was increased studied indicators when it was added alone or with other treatments to the soil of plastic pots and provided a protection for cucumber plants from the infection by the disease. The susceptibility of the four studied different cucumber varieties to F. solani and R. solani showed that Cucumber short and Beit alpha F1 varieties were more susceptible to the infection by damping off pathogens compare to moderate susceptibility in Hybrid cucumber, while Superina F1 showed less susceptibility which clearly indicated in the studied vegetative and root growth indicators of cucumber plants.","PeriodicalId":254783,"journal":{"name":"Kufa Journal for Agricultural Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132478601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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