Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566962
J. D. Gavenda
The magnetic components of the fields produced by mag netic and electric dipole antennas are calculated for various geometries which are used in making measurements of elec tromagnetic emissions at frequencies below 30 MHz. When the effects of a perfectly-conducting ground plane are included, the calculated fall-off with increasing antenna separation agrees very closely with measurements made at an open-field site using loop antennas.
{"title":"Rate of Fall-Off of the Magnetic Fields Produced by Magnetic and Electric Dipoles","authors":"J. D. Gavenda","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566962","url":null,"abstract":"The magnetic components of the fields produced by mag netic and electric dipole antennas are calculated for various geometries which are used in making measurements of elec tromagnetic emissions at frequencies below 30 MHz. When the effects of a perfectly-conducting ground plane are included, the calculated fall-off with increasing antenna separation agrees very closely with measurements made at an open-field site using loop antennas.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115159833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566926
R. Belding
{"title":"RF Preselection Requirements for Spectrum Analyzers","authors":"R. Belding","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566926","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121695252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566946
W. Rhoades
Com m ercial com puters and o ffice equipment must be alm ost e rro r-free in the hostile e lec tro m agnetic environments. The equipment will have to opera te reliably when placed within close proximity of major noise sources and powered by th e sam e mains supply. Power mains conduction and radiation lim its have been established by various regulatory agencies on emission sources to p ro tec t radio com m unications. However, these emission lim its do not insure error free operation amid all th e potentia l sources of noise. T herefore , each m anufacturer se ts his own noise im m unity standards based on cost e ffec tive designs. The main susceptib ility problem of com m ercial equipment is power mains conducted transien t susceptibility .il] The common and unusual transien ts sources have been characterized , and the expected transien t range of voltage and tim e param e te rs have been described. The e lec tro s ta tic dis charges like lightning and from humans (commonly known as ESD) can be a problem if the product is not designed for these d ischarges.[2] This paper will dis cuss some aspects of the ESD phenomenon and the designing of equipment to pass a required ESD im munity level.
{"title":"Achieving ESD Equipment Protection with Emission Controls","authors":"W. Rhoades","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566946","url":null,"abstract":"Com m ercial com puters and o ffice equipment must be alm ost e rro r-free in the hostile e lec tro m agnetic environments. The equipment will have to opera te reliably when placed within close proximity of major noise sources and powered by th e sam e mains supply. Power mains conduction and radiation lim its have been established by various regulatory agencies on emission sources to p ro tec t radio com m unications. However, these emission lim its do not insure error free operation amid all th e potentia l sources of noise. T herefore , each m anufacturer se ts his own noise im m unity standards based on cost e ffec tive designs. The main susceptib ility problem of com m ercial equipment is power mains conducted transien t susceptibility .il] The common and unusual transien ts sources have been characterized , and the expected transien t range of voltage and tim e param e te rs have been described. The e lec tro s ta tic dis charges like lightning and from humans (commonly known as ESD) can be a problem if the product is not designed for these d ischarges.[2] This paper will dis cuss some aspects of the ESD phenomenon and the designing of equipment to pass a required ESD im munity level.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"262 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133111490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-07-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566972
F. Heather
Abstract : Spurious response EMI for the front end of a superheerodyne receiver follows a simple mathematic formula; however, the application of the formula to predict test frequencies produces more data than can be evaluated. An analysis technique has been developed to graphically depict all receiver spurious responses usig a nomograph and to permit selection of optimum test frequencies. The discussion includes the math model used to simulate a superheterodyne receiver, the implementation of the model in the computer program, the approach to test frequency selection, interpretation of the nomographs, analysis and prediction of receiver spurious response EMI from the nomographs, and application of the nomographs. In addition, figures are provided of sample applications. This EMI analysis and prediction technique greatly improves the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) test engineer's ability to visualize the scope of receiver spurious response EMI testing and optimize test frequency selection. Keywords include: EMI; Receiver spurious response; EMC; and Nomographs.
{"title":"Application of Nomographs for Analysis and Prediction of Receiver Spurious Response EMI","authors":"F. Heather","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566972","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : Spurious response EMI for the front end of a superheerodyne receiver follows a simple mathematic formula; however, the application of the formula to predict test frequencies produces more data than can be evaluated. An analysis technique has been developed to graphically depict all receiver spurious responses usig a nomograph and to permit selection of optimum test frequencies. The discussion includes the math model used to simulate a superheterodyne receiver, the implementation of the model in the computer program, the approach to test frequency selection, interpretation of the nomographs, analysis and prediction of receiver spurious response EMI from the nomographs, and application of the nomographs. In addition, figures are provided of sample applications. This EMI analysis and prediction technique greatly improves the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) test engineer's ability to visualize the scope of receiver spurious response EMI testing and optimize test frequency selection. Keywords include: EMI; Receiver spurious response; EMC; and Nomographs.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128996738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566959
Ernest K. Smith, E. Njoku
The microwave antenna temperature due to the earth in the satellite antenna beam has been computed for a series of longitudes for a satellite in geostationary orbit and for frequencies of 1 to 50 GHz. An earth-coverage beam is assumed for simplicity, but the technique is applicable to arbitrary beam shapes. Detailed calculations have been performed to account for varying land-ocean fractions within the field of view. Emission characteristics of the earth's atmosphere and surface are used with an accurate radiation transfer program to compute observed brightness temperatures. The value of 290 K commonly used for antenna temperature in satellite communication noise calculations is overly conservative, with more realistic values lying in the 60 to 240 K range.
{"title":"The Microwave Noise Environment at a Geostationary Satellite Caused by the Brightness of the Earth","authors":"Ernest K. Smith, E. Njoku","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566959","url":null,"abstract":"The microwave antenna temperature due to the earth in the satellite antenna beam has been computed for a series of longitudes for a satellite in geostationary orbit and for frequencies of 1 to 50 GHz. An earth-coverage beam is assumed for simplicity, but the technique is applicable to arbitrary beam shapes. Detailed calculations have been performed to account for varying land-ocean fractions within the field of view. Emission characteristics of the earth's atmosphere and surface are used with an accurate radiation transfer program to compute observed brightness temperatures. The value of 290 K commonly used for antenna temperature in satellite communication noise calculations is overly conservative, with more realistic values lying in the 60 to 240 K range.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114461569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566939
A. Mathur
For each new deep-space mission it is necessary to select the radio frequencies that will be used for uplink and downlink communication. The frequency selection has the objective of avoiding or minimizing the possibility of radio interference between existing and planned missions. This paper presents a comprehensive procedure for the selection of frequencies for deep-space communications. The procedure includes the possible effects of several existing missions on a new mission. This is shown through an example of frequency selection of a new National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) deep-spce mission using actual mission data.
{"title":"A Methodology for the Selection of Frequencies for Deep Space Telecommunications","authors":"A. Mathur","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566939","url":null,"abstract":"For each new deep-space mission it is necessary to select the radio frequencies that will be used for uplink and downlink communication. The frequency selection has the objective of avoiding or minimizing the possibility of radio interference between existing and planned missions. This paper presents a comprehensive procedure for the selection of frequencies for deep-space communications. The procedure includes the possible effects of several existing missions on a new mission. This is shown through an example of frequency selection of a new National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) deep-spce mission using actual mission data.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128560924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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