Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566999
R. Haislmaier, J. Garrett, G. D. Johnston
EMI control training forms the lynch pin in the the Navy program to institutionalize EMC and EMI control. Two types of training are being developed for the military and civilian communities: EMI awareness training and EMI control skill training. General EMI awareness training provides a perception of the electromagnetic environment and its effects. It consists of oneand two-hour instructional modules in ongoing Navy and Marine Corps training courses, and in civilian technical seminars. Fourteen multi-media EMI awareness training modules make possible turnkey insertion into more than 100 scheduled courses for enlisted and officer personnel in the air, surface, submarine, and Marine Corps communicationelectronics specialties. Specific EMI control skill training is being established in three courses for management schools, for shipyards, and for fleet training centers. Civilian technical training offers thirteen seminars, varying in length from two hours to two days, to provide Naval systems commands, laboratories, ship yards, and test and certification activities with awareness, indoctrination, and technical skills for achieving EMC and minimizing EMI during the development of Navy platforms and systems.
{"title":"EMI Control Training in the Navy","authors":"R. Haislmaier, J. Garrett, G. D. Johnston","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566999","url":null,"abstract":"EMI control training forms the lynch pin in the the Navy program to institutionalize EMC and EMI control. Two types of training are being developed for the military and civilian communities: EMI awareness training and EMI control skill training. General EMI awareness training provides a perception of the electromagnetic environment and its effects. It consists of oneand two-hour instructional modules in ongoing Navy and Marine Corps training courses, and in civilian technical seminars. Fourteen multi-media EMI awareness training modules make possible turnkey insertion into more than 100 scheduled courses for enlisted and officer personnel in the air, surface, submarine, and Marine Corps communicationelectronics specialties. Specific EMI control skill training is being established in three courses for management schools, for shipyards, and for fleet training centers. Civilian technical training offers thirteen seminars, varying in length from two hours to two days, to provide Naval systems commands, laboratories, ship yards, and test and certification activities with awareness, indoctrination, and technical skills for achieving EMC and minimizing EMI during the development of Navy platforms and systems.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122676501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566937
G. Pettit, C. J. Grebenkemper
In 1981, Tandem constructed a semi-anechoic chamber with the goal of testing small systems and peripheral devices for compliance with the FCC limits for Class A (Commercial) computing equipment. This chamber, provided by Scientific Hardware, is 15.24 meters (50 feet) long, 9.92 meters (.26 feet) wide and 3.66 meters (12 feet) high (steel dimensions). RF absorber cones, provided by Advanced ElectroMagnetics Inc., ranging in length from .61 to 1.22 meters (2 to 4 feet), are mounted on the walls and ceiling with the 1.22 meter cones mounted in the center of the chamber (point of maximum reflection) and shorter cones at either end. The chamber saw little use other than for conducted emissions testing for some period of time due to a lack of knowledge about its correlation to an open field test site.
{"title":"Calibration of a Semi-Anechoic Chamber for FCC Open Field Site Radiated Emissions Measurements","authors":"G. Pettit, C. J. Grebenkemper","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566937","url":null,"abstract":"In 1981, Tandem constructed a semi-anechoic chamber with the goal of testing small systems and peripheral devices for compliance with the FCC limits for Class A (Commercial) computing equipment. This chamber, provided by Scientific Hardware, is 15.24 meters (50 feet) long, 9.92 meters (.26 feet) wide and 3.66 meters (12 feet) high (steel dimensions). RF absorber cones, provided by Advanced ElectroMagnetics Inc., ranging in length from .61 to 1.22 meters (2 to 4 feet), are mounted on the walls and ceiling with the 1.22 meter cones mounted in the center of the chamber (point of maximum reflection) and shorter cones at either end. The chamber saw little use other than for conducted emissions testing for some period of time due to a lack of knowledge about its correlation to an open field test site.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126209715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7567006
Glen Dash
{"title":"A Reference Antenna Method for Performing Site Attenuation Tests","authors":"Glen Dash","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7567006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7567006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125854867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566943
C. K. Jackson
This paper addresses altering electromagnetic emission and susceptibility testing methods for adaptation to frequency hopped spread spectrum communication systems. A discussion of the nature of the interference introduces the subject. Various problems associated with emission and susceptibility testing techniques when applied to. frequency hopped systems are discussed. Expansion of normal defini tions and methods associated with electromagnetic compatibility testing are indicated.
{"title":"Electromagnetic Compatibility Testing of Spread Spectrum Communication Systems","authors":"C. K. Jackson","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566943","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses altering electromagnetic emission and susceptibility testing methods for adaptation to frequency hopped spread spectrum communication systems. A discussion of the nature of the interference introduces the subject. Various problems associated with emission and susceptibility testing techniques when applied to. frequency hopped systems are discussed. Expansion of normal defini tions and methods associated with electromagnetic compatibility testing are indicated.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117137343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566944
G. K. Chan
This pape r d e s c r i b e s a p r a c t i c a l c u l l i n g s t r a t e g y to a s s i s t f r e q u e n c y a s s i g n m e n t s for Land M o b i l e ra d i o s y s t e m s in the t w o s i g n a l third-order receiver i n t e r m o d u 1 at i o n i n t e r f e r ence analysis. This strategy is used to identify the potential conflict s i t u a t i o n s w h i c h have a r e l a t i v e l y hig he r p r o b a b i l i t y of interference so that the number of calculations that have to be performed in an interference analysis may be m i n i m i z e d . The r e s u l t s of the a n a l y s i s are presented on a graph depicting the relationship between the two culling limits of distance and fre qu enc y separation.
这个pape b r c d e s r i c t e p a s r i c a c l u l l i - n - g s t r a t g e y to a s s i s t f r e q u e n c y a s s i g n m e n t s for Land o b i l e d ra o s y e s t m s《w t o s i g r n a l third-order接收器n t e m o d u 1 at i o n i n t e f r e r -进发分析。这个会习惯透露是潜在的冲突s t u a t我i o n s w h a c h有r e l a t v b e l y hig他r p r o a b i l i t y的interference如此那calculations当家》,以至于不得不be performed in an interference分析可能我n m i z e d。我所展示的是两种文化限制之间的关系，以及两种文化之间的关系。
{"title":"A Practical Culling Strategy to Assist Frequency Assignment for Land Mobile Radio Systems","authors":"G. K. Chan","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566944","url":null,"abstract":"This pape r d e s c r i b e s a p r a c t i c a l c u l l i n g s t r a t e g y to a s s i s t f r e q u e n c y a s s i g n m e n t s for Land M o b i l e ra d i o s y s t e m s in the t w o s i g n a l third-order receiver i n t e r m o d u 1 at i o n i n t e r f e r ence analysis. This strategy is used to identify the potential conflict s i t u a t i o n s w h i c h have a r e l a t i v e l y hig he r p r o b a b i l i t y of interference so that the number of calculations that have to be performed in an interference analysis may be m i n i m i z e d . The r e s u l t s of the a n a l y s i s are presented on a graph depicting the relationship between the two culling limits of distance and fre qu enc y separation.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114679841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566927
J. A. Cameron
{"title":"Self-Integrating Magnetic Field Sensors","authors":"J. A. Cameron","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566927","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122163058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566988
J. Knapp, Frank L. Rose
Part 15 of the Federal Communications Commission Rules and Regulations sets forth the technical and operational requirements for radio frequency devices. Basically, these rules deal with two areas. First, Part 15 provides for operation of low power transmitters without a radio station license. Second, these rules set forth requirements designed to control interference to authorized radio communication services that can be caused by equipment that emits radio frequency energy or noise as a by-product of its operation. This paper (1) briefly summarizes the history behind these rules, (2) outlines what the present rules are, and (3) examines ways in which the rules might be revised in the future to remove unnecessary restrictions to new devices and technologies, while simultaneously providing continued assurance that authorized radio communications will be adequately protected against radio interference. I S i E S S l H S i i S Q Part 15 of the Federal Communications Commission Rules and Regulations sets forth technical and operational requirements dealing with devices which emit radio frequency energy, termed “radio frequency (RF) devices." ill Radio frequency energy is defined as electromagnetic energy at any frequency in the radio spectrum between 9 kHz and 3,000,000 MHz. The rules serve a twofold purpose. First, they provide for operation of low power transmitters without a radio station license, subject to the conditions that (1) such operation may not cause harmful interference to authorized radio services and (2) all interference received must be accepted. Second, Part 15 sets forth provisions for control of interference caused by equipment which generates noise in the course of its operation. The Part 15 rules as they stand today have evolved over the course of nearly 50 years. The regulations have served well in controlling interference and have permitted the development of low power transmitters for a wide variety of applications, from * _ TRe auTRors a r e m e iB e r s ~ o f EResEaTT o l t h e O f f i c e o f S c ie n c e and T e c h n o lo g y o f th e F e d e r a l Com m unicat ions Comm ission, W asw h in g ton , D .C . The o p i n io n s e x p r e s s e d in t h i s p a p e r a r e th o s e o f th e a u t h o r s and may n o t n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t th o s e o f th e Commission o r o t h e r s t a f f members. hobbyist devices such as walkie-talkies and radio controlled toys, to devices which have become a part of our everyday lives such as garage door opener controls and cordless telephones. Over the years, the regulations have been reviewed, either in whole or In part, on many occasions. For a number of reasons, on which we will elaborate later in this paper, the time once again appears to be ripe to reexamine these rules, with the aim of removing unnecessary obstacles to new devices, and also, to reduce the burden of the rules where appropriate. These objectives must be accomplished without compromising the underlying
美国联邦通信委员会规则和条例第15部分规定了射频设备的技术和操作要求。基本上，这些规则涉及两个方面。首先，第15部分规定了在没有无线电台许可证的情况下操作低功率发射机。其次，这些规则规定了一些要求，旨在控制设备在运行过程中产生的射频能量或噪音对授权无线电通信服务造成的干扰。本文(1)简要总结了这些规则背后的历史，(2)概述了目前的规则是什么，(3)研究了未来可能修订规则的方法，以消除对新设备和技术的不必要限制，同时提供持续的保证，授权的无线电通信将得到充分保护，免受无线电干扰。美国联邦通信委员会规则和条例第15部分规定了有关发射射频能量的设备的技术和操作要求，称为“射频(RF)设备”。射频能量被定义为无线电频谱中9khz至3,000,000 MHz之间任何频率的电磁能量。这些规则有双重目的。首先，它们规定在没有无线电台许可证的情况下运行低功率发射机，但必须满足以下条件:(1)这种操作不会对授权的无线电业务造成有害干扰;(2)必须接受接收到的所有干扰。第二，第15部分规定了控制在其运行过程中产生噪声的设备所造成的干扰。今天的第15部分规则已经发展了近50年。规定了在控制干扰和允许低功率发射机的发展对于各种各样的应用程序,从* _ TRe auTRors r e m e iB e r s ~ l o f EResEaTT o t h e o f f i c e o f s c ie n c t e和e c h n o lo g y o f th e f e d e r l Com m unicat离子通讯探险任务,W反潜战h g吨,d . c。o p i n io n s e x p r e s s e d t h i p s p e r r e th o s e o f th e u t h o r s和可能n o t n e c e s s r l y r e f l e c t th o s e o f th e委员会o r o t h e r s t f f成员。业余爱好者的设备，如对讲机和无线电控制的玩具，到已经成为我们日常生活的一部分的设备，如车库门打开器和无绳电话。多年来，这些规定在许多场合被全部或部分地审查过。由于一些原因，我们将在本文后面详细说明，重新审查这些规则的时机似乎再次成熟，目的是消除新设备的不必要障碍，并在适当情况下减轻规则的负担。实现这些目标必须不损害保护无线电通信不受无线电干扰的基本原则。我们希望在一开始就强调，本文所表达的观点仅仅是作者的观点，并不一定代表联邦通信委员会的观点。我们发表这篇论文有很多原因。首先，我们要提请注意在将现行规则和过去的政策适用于新的和不久将开发的各种设备方面所遇到的一些困难。其次，我们希望与公众，特别是EMC社区分享我们和委员会其他成员一直在考虑的修订第15部分的可能框架的一些想法，这些想法将删除不必要的法规，减轻公众的负担，并消除新产品和创新技术的不必要障碍。最后，但也许是最重要的，我们寻求就如何最好地实现上述目标激发讨论和思考。这是出于这些意图
{"title":"A Case For Revising the FCC Regulations Governing Radio Frequency Devices","authors":"J. Knapp, Frank L. Rose","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566988","url":null,"abstract":"Part 15 of the Federal Communications Commission Rules and Regulations sets forth the technical and operational requirements for radio frequency devices. Basically, these rules deal with two areas. First, Part 15 provides for operation of low power transmitters without a radio station license. Second, these rules set forth requirements designed to control interference to authorized radio communication services that can be caused by equipment that emits radio frequency energy or noise as a by-product of its operation. This paper (1) briefly summarizes the history behind these rules, (2) outlines what the present rules are, and (3) examines ways in which the rules might be revised in the future to remove unnecessary restrictions to new devices and technologies, while simultaneously providing continued assurance that authorized radio communications will be adequately protected against radio interference. I S i E S S l H S i i S Q Part 15 of the Federal Communications Commission Rules and Regulations sets forth technical and operational requirements dealing with devices which emit radio frequency energy, termed “radio frequency (RF) devices.\" ill Radio frequency energy is defined as electromagnetic energy at any frequency in the radio spectrum between 9 kHz and 3,000,000 MHz. The rules serve a twofold purpose. First, they provide for operation of low power transmitters without a radio station license, subject to the conditions that (1) such operation may not cause harmful interference to authorized radio services and (2) all interference received must be accepted. Second, Part 15 sets forth provisions for control of interference caused by equipment which generates noise in the course of its operation. The Part 15 rules as they stand today have evolved over the course of nearly 50 years. The regulations have served well in controlling interference and have permitted the development of low power transmitters for a wide variety of applications, from * _ TRe auTRors a r e m e iB e r s ~ o f EResEaTT o l t h e O f f i c e o f S c ie n c e and T e c h n o lo g y o f th e F e d e r a l Com m unicat ions Comm ission, W asw h in g ton , D .C . The o p i n io n s e x p r e s s e d in t h i s p a p e r a r e th o s e o f th e a u t h o r s and may n o t n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t th o s e o f th e Commission o r o t h e r s t a f f members. hobbyist devices such as walkie-talkies and radio controlled toys, to devices which have become a part of our everyday lives such as garage door opener controls and cordless telephones. Over the years, the regulations have been reviewed, either in whole or In part, on many occasions. For a number of reasons, on which we will elaborate later in this paper, the time once again appears to be ripe to reexamine these rules, with the aim of removing unnecessary obstacles to new devices, and also, to reduce the burden of the rules where appropriate. These objectives must be accomplished without compromising the underlying ","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122326045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566917
M. W. Shores
The design and development of a series of complex electronic systems, each of which would be subjected to severe electromagnetic environment, resulted in the introduction of five uncommon shielding techniques. Most of the techniques were developed with strong emphasis on item cost, simplicity and on the impact of implementation.
{"title":"Uncommon Shield Techniques","authors":"M. W. Shores","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566917","url":null,"abstract":"The design and development of a series of complex electronic systems, each of which would be subjected to severe electromagnetic environment, resulted in the introduction of five uncommon shielding techniques. Most of the techniques were developed with strong emphasis on item cost, simplicity and on the impact of implementation.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129510902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7567005
D. Heirman, Jeffrey A. Onori
The need for making radiated emission not only for final regulatory compliance testing but during product development has significantly increased the number of test sites being planned or under construction. Due to the ongoing need to test, the EMC team requires a site which can be operated during the entire year. While there is some information in the literature to help in designing a permanent all-weather enclosed open area test site, more is needed. (See references 1,2,3.) This paper fills much of this void by presenting not only technical guidelines but also construction considerations for building these very special sites. Especial emphasis is on such critical areas as the selection and construction of the allweather cover and the metallic ground plane. RF Technical Considerations The primary technical considerations for any open area test site is that the only reflecting surface is the reference ground used for the compliance measurement for radiated emissions. Generally, this requirement is met by: 1. Establishing a reflection free area around the site, and 2. Providing a conductive ground plane. The reflection free area can be bounded by many objects such as trees, buildings, fences, and the like. Within the obstruction free area, special structures can be built which do not scatter or reflect RF energy. An obvious special structure is an all weather structure covering the test area. These structures have been successfully made out of a broad range of building material that is transparent to RF energy up to 1000 MHz which is the highest frequency measured for FCC Part 15J compliance. Based on experience gained in constructing all weather test sites, we now review specific technical guidelines for the all weather structure above the ground plane, the ground plane itself, and the instrumentation support areas below the ground plane, Guidelines for Structure Above Ground The structure enclosing the test site must contain a minimum amount of reflecting material. Metal larger than a tenth of a wave length at the highest frequency of measurement is considered a good reflector. This length is 3 cm or about 1.2 inches at 1000 MHz. This generally rules out construction practices using significant quantities of nails, bolts, foilbacked insulation, steel beams, etc. Fortunately, the RF reflectivity or transparency of these materials and construction techniques can be measured. A simple experiment is to transmit a signal to a receiving antenna and see if there is any effect by placing the building material directly in the path of the transmitted signal. Smith in reference 4 describes such an experiment. Several building materials have been .investigated for the RF transparency. (References 4-6.) As one would expect, material comprised of metal exhibits too much attenuation or scattering to be selected for an open area test site. In fact, even normal residential building construction with wood studs 16 inches on center exhibits undesirable scattering
由于不仅需要进行最后的法规遵从性测试，而且需要在产品开发期间进行辐射排放，因此计划或正在建设的试验场数量大大增加。由于持续需要进行测试，EMC团队需要一个可以全年运行的站点。虽然文献中有一些信息有助于设计永久性全天候封闭开放区域试验场，但还需要更多的信息。(见参考文献1、2、3)本文填补了这一空白，不仅提出了技术指导方针，还提出了建造这些非常特殊的场地的施工考虑因素。特别强调了诸如全天候覆盖物和金属地平面的选择和构造等关键领域。任何开放区域测试场地的主要技术考虑因素是唯一的反射面是用于辐射发射符合性测量的参考地面。一般来说，满足这一要求的方法如下:2.在场地周围建立无反射区域;提供导电接地面。无反射区域可以被许多物体包围，如树木、建筑物、栅栏等。在无障碍物区域内，可以建造不散射或反射射频能量的特殊结构。覆盖试验区的全天候结构是一个明显的特殊结构。这些结构已经成功地由广泛的建筑材料制成，这些建筑材料对射频能量透明，最高可达1000 MHz，这是FCC Part 15J合规测量的最高频率。基于在建造所有天气试验场中所获得的经验，我们现在回顾针对地平面以上的全天候结构、地平面本身以及地平面以下的仪器支持区域的具体技术指南。在最高测量频率下，大于十分之一波长的金属被认为是良好的反射器。这个长度是3厘米或约1.2英寸在1000兆赫。这通常排除了使用大量钉子、螺栓、箔背绝缘材料、钢梁等的施工实践。幸运的是，可以测量这些材料和施工技术的射频反射率或透明度。一个简单的实验是将信号发送到接收天线，并将建筑材料直接放置在传输信号的路径上，看看是否有任何影响。史密斯在参考文献4中描述了这样一个实验。对几种建筑材料的射频透明度进行了研究。(参考文献4 - 6)。正如人们所期望的那样，由金属组成的材料表现出太多的衰减或散射，无法选择用于开放区域的测试地点。事实上，即使是普通的住宅建筑，在中心有16英寸的木钉，在大约100兆赫以上的频率上也会出现不希望出现的散射。(参考4)。用于无射频反射刚性全天候结构的基本建筑材料有:•木材
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Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566929
D. Dringenburg, Robert G. Siefker
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