Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566942
Ye Zonglin
The ways are surveyed by which a VHP radar in the nearby area of a TV and FM broadcasting tower is under the influence of the broadcast radiation. The concept of the receiver equivalent input power of the spurious response has been adopted to evaluate the spurious re sponse. Experiments were carried out in situ by various carrier frequencies com bination. The results are given in the tables. A proposed measuring method is avail able to determine the effect of the spuri ous response for on-line interfered equip ment .
{"title":"The Interference Problems in VHF Radar Caused by TV and FM Broadcasting","authors":"Ye Zonglin","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566942","url":null,"abstract":"The ways are surveyed by which a VHP radar in the nearby area of a TV and FM broadcasting tower is under the influence of the broadcast radiation. The concept of the receiver equivalent input power of the spurious response has been adopted to evaluate the spurious re sponse. Experiments were carried out in situ by various carrier frequencies com bination. The results are given in the tables. A proposed measuring method is avail able to determine the effect of the spuri ous response for on-line interfered equip ment .","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123943783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566987
K. W. Canaga, Karen K. Nakagawa
This paper discusses the development of an automated MIL-STD-461 EMI measurement system and some of the lessons learned in the process. The system hardware and software are described, and the tradeoffs associated with the various configuration and design choices are discussed. Problems occurring in the change from manual to automated EMI measurements are discussed, along with the solutions employed with this particular system. Development of a system to automate MILSTD-461 EMI testing at the Pacific Missile Test Center (PMTC) was begun in 1978, and has now reached the point where a discussion of the system should be of value to others involved or interested in the development of similar systems. The design and development of this system has taken place over a seven year period, and the changes in available hardware have been very dramatic. This continuing development of available technology, along with changes in test requirements and in the devices to be tested indicate that the measurement system design will never be complete, but that it will be regularly updated. The emissions portion of the system is operational and has been in use for several years, and the main emphasis now is on completing the development of the susceptibility section. This paper presents a description of the hardware design of the system, the software design, the calibration approach, operational useage, and some discussion of the tradeoffs involved in the various choices available in the system design. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION One of the first questions that the designer of an emissions measurement system must address is whether to use a set of EMI receivers or a spectrum analyzer. The advantages and drawbacks of both have been covered in several papers [1,2,3] and are by now familiar to most EMC engineers. The principal problems with spectrum analyzers are the lack of sensitivity and the likelihood of gain compression and distortion, sometimes characterized as a lack of dynamic range. These problems are avoided in EMI receivers by the use of fundamental mixing, preamplifiers, and tuned RP preselection as integral parts of the receiver design. At the time design was begun on the PMTC system the available technology in analyzers and receivers dictated the decision to use EMI receivers. An additional consideration was the availability of a set of receivers with a programmable interface allowing relatively straightforward automation. Since that time there have been major changes in spectrum analyzer design, and the choice is not as clear cut as it was. There is at least one analyzer available using fundamental mixing to improve its sensitivity, and there are preamplifiers available for most analyzers for this purpose. In order to avoid gain compression and distortion, tuneable preselectors and banks of filters can be employed. The drawbacks of this approach are that different sets of filters may be required depending on the characteristics of the device being tested and the sp
{"title":"Development of an Automated System for MIL-STD-461 EMI Testing","authors":"K. W. Canaga, Karen K. Nakagawa","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566987","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the development of an automated MIL-STD-461 EMI measurement system and some of the lessons learned in the process. The system hardware and software are described, and the tradeoffs associated with the various configuration and design choices are discussed. Problems occurring in the change from manual to automated EMI measurements are discussed, along with the solutions employed with this particular system. Development of a system to automate MILSTD-461 EMI testing at the Pacific Missile Test Center (PMTC) was begun in 1978, and has now reached the point where a discussion of the system should be of value to others involved or interested in the development of similar systems. The design and development of this system has taken place over a seven year period, and the changes in available hardware have been very dramatic. This continuing development of available technology, along with changes in test requirements and in the devices to be tested indicate that the measurement system design will never be complete, but that it will be regularly updated. The emissions portion of the system is operational and has been in use for several years, and the main emphasis now is on completing the development of the susceptibility section. This paper presents a description of the hardware design of the system, the software design, the calibration approach, operational useage, and some discussion of the tradeoffs involved in the various choices available in the system design. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION One of the first questions that the designer of an emissions measurement system must address is whether to use a set of EMI receivers or a spectrum analyzer. The advantages and drawbacks of both have been covered in several papers [1,2,3] and are by now familiar to most EMC engineers. The principal problems with spectrum analyzers are the lack of sensitivity and the likelihood of gain compression and distortion, sometimes characterized as a lack of dynamic range. These problems are avoided in EMI receivers by the use of fundamental mixing, preamplifiers, and tuned RP preselection as integral parts of the receiver design. At the time design was begun on the PMTC system the available technology in analyzers and receivers dictated the decision to use EMI receivers. An additional consideration was the availability of a set of receivers with a programmable interface allowing relatively straightforward automation. Since that time there have been major changes in spectrum analyzer design, and the choice is not as clear cut as it was. There is at least one analyzer available using fundamental mixing to improve its sensitivity, and there are preamplifiers available for most analyzers for this purpose. In order to avoid gain compression and distortion, tuneable preselectors and banks of filters can be employed. The drawbacks of this approach are that different sets of filters may be required depending on the characteristics of the device being tested and the sp","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134157809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566930
S. Merriam, Walt Luczkow, Greg McSorley
Connectors are typically a weak link in the radiation tendencies of cable assemblies. A test procedure to characterize the quality of the connector shielding is needed for the manufacturing environ ment. The proposed stovepipe test is inexpensive, convenient and non-destructive to the cable assembly under test. The stovepipe test determines the connector surface transfer impedance, a parameter which characterizes the external voltage generated from an internal common-mode current. INTRODUCTION Connectors contribute significantly to the radiated emissions and susceptibility of cable assemblies. A rapid, non-destructive test for evaluating the surface transfer impedance of a connector in a ca ble assembly is presented here. Since the transfer impedance instead of the shielding effectiveness [1] is determined, the test results are independent of the test bed, within the limits of the model. In addition, a stovepipe replaces Martin’s “milked braid,” [2], facilitating the ease of the test pro cedure. Due to the geometry of the test bed, the test has a wide but finite range of frequency applicability. The test bed need not be electrically short. The fixture radius must be much less than a quarter wavelength. This constraint implies that the frequency must be less than 400 MHz. The lower end of the frequency range is constrained by the current probe, which can have a useful range of applicability of 30-1000 MHz. For our tests we consid ered 50-250 MHz. This range avoids the lower end of applicability of the probe and allows resolution around 150 MHz, a frequency of practical interest. In addition we make the realistic assumption that the cable of the assembly under test is much less leaky than the connector, leading to essentially lumped leakage at the connector. ANALYSIS The analytical basis of the stovepipe test involves the surface transfer impedance phenomenon and transmission line theory. The concept of surface transfer impedance was introduced by Schelkunoff in 1934 [3]. Schelkunoff also developed a transmission line analysis based on Green functions [3]. Smith [4] presented equa tions for the current distribution in a lossless transmission line due to a lumped excitation at one end of the line (Appendix A). The surface transfer impedance concept arose historically from the diffusion of electromagnetic energy through homogeneous conduc tive shields. It is defined as the ratio of the voltage generated on one side of an interface due to a common-mode current on the other. where V, is the voltage which results from ICM, the common-mode current in the internal line at the connector. The transfer impedances of practical (non-homogeneous) construc tions have resistive and linearly frequency dependent reactive com ponents (Vance [5]). Z, = R0 + j w Mt, where R0 is the transfer resistance and M, is the transfer induct ance. The resistance is caused by skin effect, and is a negligible part of the surface transfer impedance at the frequency of inte
{"title":"A Rapid, Non-Destructive Method for Measuring Connector Surface Transfer Impedance","authors":"S. Merriam, Walt Luczkow, Greg McSorley","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566930","url":null,"abstract":"Connectors are typically a weak link in the radiation tendencies of cable assemblies. A test procedure to characterize the quality of the connector shielding is needed for the manufacturing environ ment. The proposed stovepipe test is inexpensive, convenient and non-destructive to the cable assembly under test. The stovepipe test determines the connector surface transfer impedance, a parameter which characterizes the external voltage generated from an internal common-mode current. INTRODUCTION Connectors contribute significantly to the radiated emissions and susceptibility of cable assemblies. A rapid, non-destructive test for evaluating the surface transfer impedance of a connector in a ca ble assembly is presented here. Since the transfer impedance instead of the shielding effectiveness [1] is determined, the test results are independent of the test bed, within the limits of the model. In addition, a stovepipe replaces Martin’s “milked braid,” [2], facilitating the ease of the test pro cedure. Due to the geometry of the test bed, the test has a wide but finite range of frequency applicability. The test bed need not be electrically short. The fixture radius must be much less than a quarter wavelength. This constraint implies that the frequency must be less than 400 MHz. The lower end of the frequency range is constrained by the current probe, which can have a useful range of applicability of 30-1000 MHz. For our tests we consid ered 50-250 MHz. This range avoids the lower end of applicability of the probe and allows resolution around 150 MHz, a frequency of practical interest. In addition we make the realistic assumption that the cable of the assembly under test is much less leaky than the connector, leading to essentially lumped leakage at the connector. ANALYSIS The analytical basis of the stovepipe test involves the surface transfer impedance phenomenon and transmission line theory. The concept of surface transfer impedance was introduced by Schelkunoff in 1934 [3]. Schelkunoff also developed a transmission line analysis based on Green functions [3]. Smith [4] presented equa tions for the current distribution in a lossless transmission line due to a lumped excitation at one end of the line (Appendix A). The surface transfer impedance concept arose historically from the diffusion of electromagnetic energy through homogeneous conduc tive shields. It is defined as the ratio of the voltage generated on one side of an interface due to a common-mode current on the other. where V, is the voltage which results from ICM, the common-mode current in the internal line at the connector. The transfer impedances of practical (non-homogeneous) construc tions have resistive and linearly frequency dependent reactive com ponents (Vance [5]). Z, = R0 + j w Mt, where R0 is the transfer resistance and M, is the transfer induct ance. The resistance is caused by skin effect, and is a negligible part of the surface transfer impedance at the frequency of inte","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130096668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566958
E. Skomal
When the Urban Zone VHF/UHF band man made incidental radio noise power data are separated into two sets, namely that obtained before 1970 and after 1975, a distinct demarcation is observed. The data of recent acquisition in the frequency range 80 MHz to 950 MHz are seen to lie 10 or more decibels below the older data. The circumstantial evidence avail able suggests a decrease in automotive ignition system noise occurred to which this the Urban Zone level change may be attributed. Revealed by this grouping of the Urban Zone data is the third automotive ignition noise resonance lying between 150 MHz and 500 MHz. The resonance is sufficiently resolved from the background that it has been possible to fit a single pole function to the observations by the method that yields antenna noise figure F as a function of a frequency for the interval 100 MHz to 1 GHz.
{"title":"A Long Term Trend in Urban Zone Man Made Radio Noise and the UHF Automotive Ignition Resonance","authors":"E. Skomal","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566958","url":null,"abstract":"When the Urban Zone VHF/UHF band man made incidental radio noise power data are separated into two sets, namely that obtained before 1970 and after 1975, a distinct demarcation is observed. The data of recent acquisition in the frequency range 80 MHz to 950 MHz are seen to lie 10 or more decibels below the older data. The circumstantial evidence avail able suggests a decrease in automotive ignition system noise occurred to which this the Urban Zone level change may be attributed. Revealed by this grouping of the Urban Zone data is the third automotive ignition noise resonance lying between 150 MHz and 500 MHz. The resonance is sufficiently resolved from the background that it has been possible to fit a single pole function to the observations by the method that yields antenna noise figure F as a function of a frequency for the interval 100 MHz to 1 GHz.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133736499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566992
T. K. Seshadri, S.K. Das, B. Sinha
Susceptibility and emission measure ments of equipments inside TEM Cell requires accurate determination of field inside the cell in the presence of equipment under test. This paper describes an eigen function method in which different numerical techni ques such as successive integration and least square collocation based on quasi static approach are applied in estimating fields inside the cell. As a generalized case, the ground plane and the object width has been taken the same and an analysis has been carried out for various heights. The analysis can be easily extended to solve problems of specific EUT Size. The capacitance, impedance variations and field strength with respect to height has been plotted.
{"title":"Studies on Field and Impedance Variations with Object Height Inside TEM Cell","authors":"T. K. Seshadri, S.K. Das, B. Sinha","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566992","url":null,"abstract":"Susceptibility and emission measure ments of equipments inside TEM Cell requires accurate determination of field inside the cell in the presence of equipment under test. This paper describes an eigen function method in which different numerical techni ques such as successive integration and least square collocation based on quasi static approach are applied in estimating fields inside the cell. As a generalized case, the ground plane and the object width has been taken the same and an analysis has been carried out for various heights. The analysis can be easily extended to solve problems of specific EUT Size. The capacitance, impedance variations and field strength with respect to height has been plotted.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114779824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566976
L. D. Tromp, M. Rudko
There is a recognized interference problem in dense electronic platforms due to harmonic and inter-modula tion interference caused by the nonlinearity of metalinsulator-metal (MIM) or metal-oxide-metal (MOM) junc tions in the coupling paths between collocated trans mitters and receivers. Although the surfaces involved can be distributed in nature, the junction is colloqui ally called the "rusty bolt". This paper examines the identification of the lumped parameter rusty bolt non linear transfer functions (NLTFs) and their use in pre dicting electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) specifica tion parameters such as intermodulation and harmonic distortion. Results illustrating the procedure are presented. The errors which can be encountered in the identified parameters and in the predicted EMC speci fication parameters are examined. It is concluded that the EMC parameters up to the fifth order can be predicted with good quality provided that the number of poles is identified correctly and that the identification errors are reasonable (say less than 30 percent).
{"title":"Rusty Bolt EMC Specification Based on Nonlinear System Identification","authors":"L. D. Tromp, M. Rudko","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566976","url":null,"abstract":"There is a recognized interference problem in dense electronic platforms due to harmonic and inter-modula tion interference caused by the nonlinearity of metalinsulator-metal (MIM) or metal-oxide-metal (MOM) junc tions in the coupling paths between collocated trans mitters and receivers. Although the surfaces involved can be distributed in nature, the junction is colloqui ally called the \"rusty bolt\". This paper examines the identification of the lumped parameter rusty bolt non linear transfer functions (NLTFs) and their use in pre dicting electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) specifica tion parameters such as intermodulation and harmonic distortion. Results illustrating the procedure are presented. The errors which can be encountered in the identified parameters and in the predicted EMC speci fication parameters are examined. It is concluded that the EMC parameters up to the fifth order can be predicted with good quality provided that the number of poles is identified correctly and that the identification errors are reasonable (say less than 30 percent).","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"518 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116251004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566928
G. Maxam
The design of the Sandia Lightning Simulator is described and its capabili ties are summarized. The approach generally used in testing components and systems including the instrumenta tion used for test item diagnostics and for data acquisition is also described. Several applications of the simulator test capabilities are examined including Sandia systems, Navy aircraft and an ALCM missile. Some future directions now envisioned are discussed.
{"title":"Simulated Direct-Strike Lightning Testing at Sandia National Laboratories","authors":"G. Maxam","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566928","url":null,"abstract":"The design of the Sandia Lightning Simulator is described and its capabili ties are summarized. The approach generally used in testing components and systems including the instrumenta tion used for test item diagnostics and for data acquisition is also described. Several applications of the simulator test capabilities are examined including Sandia systems, Navy aircraft and an ALCM missile. Some future directions now envisioned are discussed.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116339505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566915
L. Hoeft, J. Millard, J. Hofstra, James Campbell
Measurement Procedures The surface magnetic field reduction of nine samples of flame-sprayed copper panels was measured over the 10 kHz to 100 MHz frequency range using a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell. These results were compared to the measured magnetic field reduction provided by 22-gauge copper mesh. A relationship was demonstrated between the resistivity of the panels and the amount of magnetic field reduction provided.
{"title":"Measured Magnetic Field Reduction of Copper-Sprayed Hood Panels","authors":"L. Hoeft, J. Millard, J. Hofstra, James Campbell","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566915","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement Procedures The surface magnetic field reduction of nine samples of flame-sprayed copper panels was measured over the 10 kHz to 100 MHz frequency range using a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell. These results were compared to the measured magnetic field reduction provided by 22-gauge copper mesh. A relationship was demonstrated between the resistivity of the panels and the amount of magnetic field reduction provided.","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132194159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566920
A. Amri, J. Fontaine, J. Chandezon
Beyond and direct line-of-sight ground wave propagation measurements were made over two different propagation paths 49 km and 55-4 km in length. Data were collected during the St-Privat d ’Allier experimen tal compaign in 1983 in France. Results presented here include a comparison between measured and predicted pulses. The predictions are based on the paper AMRI et al (l). Measured pulses demonstrated the usefulness of the method developped in;this late paper in providing amplitude and wave-form predictions. INTRODUCTION The propagation of electromagnetic pulses over an irregular and/or inhomogeneous earth by ground wave is of considerable interest. The introduction of sensitive solid state devices into the industrial plants makes these devices more susceptible to the electroma gnetic pulses and, there fore may require additional protection. In this context, it has become evident thg£ more knowledge regarding the propagation of the elec tromagnetic pulses is required. Such knowledge can be acquired theoretically by the method developped by the authors in the preceding publication (l). Here, we will compare some of our experimental results obtained in 1983 at the lightning triggering station at St-Privat d'Allier (France) with that obtained theoretically. THEORY OF PULSE PROPAGATION We know that the transient field E(t,r0) at a time t and a distance r0 on the surface of the earth is related to the continuo us time-harmonic solution E(jti), ro), assuming a linear amplitude response of the medium of propagation, by the Fourier transform-integral theorem (6) (2j : E(t,r ) = J e3Mt E(jio, ro) M(ju)do) (1) where M(jto) is the Laplace transform of the moment m(t) of the source +°° M(j
{"title":"Propagation of Pulses Over an Irregular and/or Inhomogeneous Earth, Comparison of the Theory and the Experiment","authors":"A. Amri, J. Fontaine, J. Chandezon","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566920","url":null,"abstract":"Beyond and direct line-of-sight ground wave propagation measurements were made over two different propagation paths 49 km and 55-4 km in length. Data were collected during the St-Privat d ’Allier experimen tal compaign in 1983 in France. Results presented here include a comparison between measured and predicted pulses. The predictions are based on the paper AMRI et al (l). Measured pulses demonstrated the usefulness of the method developped in;this late paper in providing amplitude and wave-form predictions. INTRODUCTION The propagation of electromagnetic pulses over an irregular and/or inhomogeneous earth by ground wave is of considerable interest. The introduction of sensitive solid state devices into the industrial plants makes these devices more susceptible to the electroma gnetic pulses and, there fore may require additional protection. In this context, it has become evident thg£ more knowledge regarding the propagation of the elec tromagnetic pulses is required. Such knowledge can be acquired theoretically by the method developped by the authors in the preceding publication (l). Here, we will compare some of our experimental results obtained in 1983 at the lightning triggering station at St-Privat d'Allier (France) with that obtained theoretically. THEORY OF PULSE PROPAGATION We know that the transient field E(t,r0) at a time t and a distance r0 on the surface of the earth is related to the continuo us time-harmonic solution E(jti), ro), assuming a linear amplitude response of the medium of propagation, by the Fourier transform-integral theorem (6) (2j : E(t,r ) = J e3Mt E(jio, ro) M(ju)do) (1) where M(jto) is the Laplace transform of the moment m(t) of the source +°° M(j<u) = / m(t) e ''COt dt (2) x W(jco, ro) k being the propagation, constant, e o is the permitti vity of free space and m is the angular frequency. The quantities ro) rj, r2, r and 6 are shown on figure 1. W(jui,to)is the attenuation function defined by(5)(3), W(ju),xo) = 1-e j 4 (|~) / ° (-(x°_x)) W(jio,x) (4) + 0 + k ^ & eik (ri+r2-r0)dx","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132358526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-08-01DOI: 10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566998
G. Deb, M. Mukherjee
E lec tro-exp los ive d ev ices (EEDs) a re widely used in ground b ased , ship borne and air borne sy s te m s as a c tu a t o r s . The EMI suscep t ib i l i ty s tud ies on EEDs and t h e i r fu n c t io n a l a s se ssm en t in an EM e nv ironm en t a re most im p o r t a n t when EEDs a re used as i n i t i a to r s of c e r ta in explos ives/am munit ions. P re m a tu re ex c i t a t io n of such dev ices may cause pe rsonne l haza rds or mission fa i lu re s in c r i t i c a l moments and a t t im e s , EEDs may exper ience dudding due t o exposure to high EM fie lds .
在锡兹城，地处郊区和空中，故事非常复杂泰《EMI suscep t l k i s tud ies on EEDs and elequent艾欧r fu 0 c n a l a s就是哥斯拉逼近的t在埃隆·马斯克的e nv ironm en眼t a苹果汁在p o r t . t当EEDs眼a以前常as i t i a to s of‘c e r塔在explos爱弗/ munit .离子眼眼P m a帮前夫艾欧c i t a t n of找dev ices梅因为呸rsonne l haza rds or眼和合任务far i s t c r i c a l时刻与a t t e s月梅EEDs exper ience dudding的t o exposure to high埃隆·马斯克说的lds 5 .
{"title":"EM Susceptibility Studies and Measurements on Electro Explosive Devices","authors":"G. Deb, M. Mukherjee","doi":"10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISEMC.1985.7566998","url":null,"abstract":"E lec tro-exp los ive d ev ices (EEDs) a re widely used in ground b ased , ship borne and air borne sy s te m s as a c tu a t o r s . The EMI suscep t ib i l i ty s tud ies on EEDs and t h e i r fu n c t io n a l a s se ssm en t in an EM e nv ironm en t a re most im p o r t a n t when EEDs a re used as i n i t i a to r s of c e r ta in explos ives/am munit ions. P re m a tu re ex c i t a t io n of such dev ices may cause pe rsonne l haza rds or mission fa i lu re s in c r i t i c a l moments and a t t im e s , EEDs may exper ience dudding due t o exposure to high EM fie lds .","PeriodicalId":256770,"journal":{"name":"1985 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125733642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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