{"title":"Luttrell, W. (2020) Children Framing Childhoods: Working-Class Kids’ Visions of Care. Policy Press.","authors":"Lisa Paolucci","doi":"10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7253","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":258091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Working-Class Studies","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126460186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conceptual Art and Galvanizing With an Introduction by Colby King","authors":"James Perkins, Colby R. King","doi":"10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7239","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":258091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Working-Class Studies","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133368529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Sandel, a professor of government theory at Harvard University Law School, considers how merit, an allegedly neutral standard, has become the guiding principle for deciding which candidate is best qualified for a position. Given their power to grant credentials, college faculty have become the primary arbiters in establishing who’s competent, who’s not, and what graduates must know to be deemed qualified. Who will be credentialed and who won’t. Having a college diploma proves you are smarter than someone who didn’t go beyond high school, if that far. Sandel asserts that this obsession with ‘credentialism,’ as he calls it, has caused too many college graduates to harbor feelings of conceit and condescension toward the uncredentialled, especially members of the working class (hereinafter also meant to include poverty-class individuals), whom Sandal defines as those employed in ‘manual labor, service industry, and clerical jobs.’ Credentialism is, in Sandel’s words, ‘the last acceptable prejudice.’
哈佛大学法学院(Harvard University Law School)政府理论教授迈克尔•桑德尔(Michael Sandel)认为，所谓的中立标准——绩效，是如何成为决定哪位候选人最适合某个职位的指导原则的。鉴于他们授予证书的权力，大学教师已经成为确定谁有能力，谁没有能力，以及毕业生必须知道什么才能被认为合格的主要仲裁者。谁会被认证，谁不会。拥有大学文凭可以证明你比那些高中以上学历的人更聪明。桑德尔断言，这种对他所谓的“资历主义”的痴迷，导致太多的大学毕业生对没有资历的人怀有自负和优越感，尤其是工人阶级(以下也包括贫困阶级的个人)，桑德尔将其定义为从事“体力劳动、服务业和文书工作”的人。用桑德尔的话来说，资历主义是“最后一种可以接受的偏见”。
{"title":"Sandel, M.J. (2020) The Tyranny of Merit: What’s Become of the Common Good? Farrar, Straus, and Giroux.","authors":"K. Oldfield","doi":"10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7251","url":null,"abstract":"Michael Sandel, a professor of government theory at Harvard University Law School, considers how merit, an allegedly neutral standard, has become the guiding principle for deciding which candidate is best qualified for a position. Given their power to grant credentials, college faculty have become the primary arbiters in establishing who’s competent, who’s not, and what graduates must know to be deemed qualified. Who will be credentialed and who won’t. Having a college diploma proves you are smarter than someone who didn’t go beyond high school, if that far. Sandel asserts that this obsession with ‘credentialism,’ as he calls it, has caused too many college graduates to harbor feelings of conceit and condescension toward the uncredentialled, especially members of the working class (hereinafter also meant to include poverty-class individuals), whom Sandal defines as those employed in ‘manual labor, service industry, and clerical jobs.’ Credentialism is, in Sandel’s words, ‘the last acceptable prejudice.’","PeriodicalId":258091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Working-Class Studies","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132788212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"'Cousins' and 'Testament'","authors":"Ian C. Smith","doi":"10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7243","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":258091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Working-Class Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116300186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Brooks, R. (2022) Class Interruptions: Inequality and Division in African Diasporic Women’s Fiction. University of North Carolina Press.","authors":"Scott Henkel","doi":"10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7259","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":258091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Working-Class Studies","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127282953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In March 1922 the Social Democrat Agda Östlund (1870–1942) speaks as the first female member of Swedish Parliament in the Second Chamber due to her own proposal for the state to take responsibility for arranging suitable work for tuberculosis patients when they leave the sanatorium, so that they can complete their convalescence. It may seem that democracy was once and for all established when women were finally included in the Parliament. But that was not the case. The question is how Agda Östlund acts in a formative historical stage after the first democratic election, how she finds a speaking position and how her speech can be understood in relation to the negotiation of the meaning of women’s civil and democratic rights. This article includes a contextualisation and a text analysis where I go into how the text relates to a rhetorical situation. I see Agda Östlund’s utterances as rhetorical in accordance with the theoretical perspectives established by Lloyd F. Bitzer where the key concepts are rhetorical situation, problem, restrictions and audience. Agda Östlund uses the mother role as a rhetorical strategy, connects the issue of tuberculosis to the home and everyday environment and nursing, which are traditionally female spheres, and highlights class injustice in the possibility of completing convalescence after sanitation. The mother role and the factual and low-key argumentation have two purposes in this speech – partly to adapt to the Parliament order, and partly to present the actual issue. The rhetorical strategy is about using the mother role as a persona to make the class perspective a matter of care, nursing and compassion. Östlund’s entry into the Parliament debate can be described as a rhetorically fragile situation because she speaks for the very substance of her own motion while at the same time following the committee’s line, in which she herself is a part, and demands a rejection of it.
1922年3月，社会民主党人Agda Östlund(1870-1942)作为瑞典议会第一个女议员在众议院发言，因为她自己建议国家负责为离开疗养院的肺结核病人安排合适的工作，使他们能够完成康复。当妇女最终进入议会时，民主似乎就一劳永逸地确立了。但事实并非如此。问题是，在第一次民主选举之后，Agda Östlund如何在形成的历史阶段发挥作用，她如何找到一个发言的位置，以及她的讲话如何被理解为与妇女公民权利和民主权利的意义的谈判。这篇文章包括语境化和文本分析，其中我将探讨文本与修辞情境的关系。我认为Agda Östlund的话语是修辞学的，这是根据Lloyd F. Bitzer建立的理论视角，其关键概念是修辞学的情境、问题、限制和受众。Agda Östlund使用母亲角色作为一种修辞策略，将结核病问题与家庭、日常环境和护理联系起来，这是传统的女性领域，并强调了在卫生后完成康复的可能性中的阶级不公正。在这次演讲中，母亲的角色和事实和低调的论证有两个目的——一部分是为了适应议会秩序，一部分是为了呈现实际问题。修辞策略是利用母亲的角色作为一种角色，使阶级观点成为关心、护理和同情的问题。Östlund进入议会辩论可以被描述为一种修辞上的脆弱局面，因为她为自己的动议的实质发言，同时遵循委员会的路线，她自己也是其中的一部分，并要求拒绝它。
{"title":"‘Mister Speaker! I therefore have no claim’ – Agda Östlund’s Entrance in the Parliamentary Debate in March 1922 in a Historical and Rhetorical Perspective","authors":"M. Gustafson","doi":"10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7237","url":null,"abstract":"In March 1922 the Social Democrat Agda Östlund (1870–1942) speaks as the first female member of Swedish Parliament in the Second Chamber due to her own proposal for the state to take responsibility for arranging suitable work for tuberculosis patients when they leave the sanatorium, so that they can complete their convalescence. It may seem that democracy was once and for all established when women were finally included in the Parliament. But that was not the case. The question is how Agda Östlund acts in a formative historical stage after the first democratic election, how she finds a speaking position and how her speech can be understood in relation to the negotiation of the meaning of women’s civil and democratic rights. \u0000This article includes a contextualisation and a text analysis where I go into how the text relates to a rhetorical situation. I see Agda Östlund’s utterances as rhetorical in accordance with the theoretical perspectives established by Lloyd F. Bitzer where the key concepts are rhetorical situation, problem, restrictions and audience. Agda Östlund uses the mother role as a rhetorical strategy, connects the issue of tuberculosis to the home and everyday environment and nursing, which are traditionally female spheres, and highlights class injustice in the possibility of completing convalescence after sanitation. The mother role and the factual and low-key argumentation have two purposes in this speech – partly to adapt to the Parliament order, and partly to present the actual issue. The rhetorical strategy is about using the mother role as a persona to make the class perspective a matter of care, nursing and compassion. \u0000Östlund’s entry into the Parliament debate can be described as a rhetorically fragile situation because she speaks for the very substance of her own motion while at the same time following the committee’s line, in which she herself is a part, and demands a rejection of it.","PeriodicalId":258091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Working-Class Studies","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133186789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is a sense of what has come before in chapters such as Greg Noble’s ‘Contradictory Locations of Class’ that looks back on class analysis from the 1970s and asks what class models are ‘for’ (36). And this is a pertinent question, and one that several authors attempt to tackle. Class analysis is also contextualised within Australia’s colonial history with a chapter by Barry Morris that explains how the original penal colony became a capitalist society and the way in which ‘colonial class dynamics’ (40), operated in the settler-colonial society that was based on the violent dispossession of Indigenous people by the settlers. This context is important in gaining an understanding of how class in Australia shares some commonalities with the British system that it is based on, but also how the specific circumstances of colonialism in Australia further shaped the class system. This type of survey also includes the different ways that class positions have been described and defined, and Mark Western evaluates some of these methods in his chapter ‘Some Comments on Class Analysis’.
格雷格·诺布尔(Greg Noble)在《阶级的矛盾位置》(Contradictory Locations of Class)一书中回顾了20世纪70年代的阶级分析，并提出了阶级模型“用于”什么(36)。这是一个相关的问题，也是几个作者试图解决的问题。阶级分析也被置于澳大利亚殖民历史的背景中，巴里·莫里斯(Barry Morris)的一章解释了最初的流放地是如何成为资本主义社会的，以及“殖民阶级动态”是如何在定居者-殖民社会中运作的，这种社会是以定居者对土著人民的暴力剥夺为基础的。这一背景对于理解澳大利亚的阶级制度与英国的阶级制度有何共同之处非常重要，同时也有助于理解澳大利亚殖民主义的具体情况如何进一步塑造了阶级制度。这种类型的调查还包括描述和定义阶级立场的不同方式，马克·韦斯特在他的“对阶级分析的一些评论”一章中评估了其中的一些方法。
{"title":"Threadgold, S., Gerrard, J. (Eds.) (2022) Class in Australia, Monash University Publishing.","authors":"Sarah Attfield","doi":"10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7255","url":null,"abstract":"There is a sense of what has come before in chapters such as Greg Noble’s ‘Contradictory Locations of Class’ that looks back on class analysis from the 1970s and asks what class models are ‘for’ (36). And this is a pertinent question, and one that several authors attempt to tackle. Class analysis is also contextualised within Australia’s colonial history with a chapter by Barry Morris that explains how the original penal colony became a capitalist society and the way in which ‘colonial class dynamics’ (40), operated in the settler-colonial society that was based on the violent dispossession of Indigenous people by the settlers. This context is important in gaining an understanding of how class in Australia shares some commonalities with the British system that it is based on, but also how the specific circumstances of colonialism in Australia further shaped the class system. This type of survey also includes the different ways that class positions have been described and defined, and Mark Western evaluates some of these methods in his chapter ‘Some Comments on Class Analysis’.","PeriodicalId":258091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Working-Class Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121020618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘We tell stories in order to live’: Working-class existence and survival in the academy","authors":"Sharon Tugwell","doi":"10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":258091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Working-Class Studies","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115894488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"McMillan, G., ed. (2022). The Routledge Companion to Literature and Class. Routledge.","authors":"J. Lennon","doi":"10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7257","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":258091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Working-Class Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114471633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Press, E. (2021). Dirty Work: Essential Jobs and the Hidden Toll of Inequality in America. Farrar, Straus, and Giroux","authors":"Nathaniel Heggins Bryant","doi":"10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13001/jwcs.v7i1.7247","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":258091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Working-Class Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131771536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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