Pub Date : 2009-07-26DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275964
F. Milano, M. Zhou, G. Hou
This paper presents an XML-based open data model for exchanging power system simulation data. The need for an open model born due to both the limitations of the IEEE common data format and the huge number of proprietary formats that make difficult exchanging system data in the power system community. The philosophy, the structure and the features of the proposed open data model are discussed in detail. The proposed open data model is illustrated by means of a small-size benchmark network.
{"title":"Open model for exchanging power system data","authors":"F. Milano, M. Zhou, G. Hou","doi":"10.1109/PES.2009.5275964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2009.5275964","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an XML-based open data model for exchanging power system simulation data. The need for an open model born due to both the limitations of the IEEE common data format and the huge number of proprietary formats that make difficult exchanging system data in the power system community. The philosophy, the structure and the features of the proposed open data model are discussed in detail. The proposed open data model is illustrated by means of a small-size benchmark network.","PeriodicalId":258632,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114790239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-26DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275293
Sun-kyo Kim, Jun-hyung Park, Ho-chul Lee, Geun-Pyo Park, Sang-Seung Lee, Wook-Won Kim, Y. Yoon
The electricity power industry has transformed from an integrated structure to a competitive market. Generally, investing generators in the electric power industry requires huge funds and takes long periods of construction in the need to continuously provide stable electricity power. Before the reform of the power industry took place in South Korea, the government had planed the electric power investment to keep the balance of supply and demand in the long run, and the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO), which is an integrated structure of the electric power industry in South Korea used to invest electric power equipments. However, after the deregulation, a new concept of expansion plan has been introduced to the electric power industry. The main change from the previous plan is that generation companies have an opportunity to plan their own investment in electricity power equipments with less constraints. In this paper, we represent the method that evaluates the economic efficiency between the investment in electric power generators in an existing monopoly formation and the investment made after reform. And we apply the methods to the electricity market in South Korea. The research contribution of this paper is in the methodological use of economic evaluation generation investment.
{"title":"Economic evaluation for generation investment in South Korea electricity market","authors":"Sun-kyo Kim, Jun-hyung Park, Ho-chul Lee, Geun-Pyo Park, Sang-Seung Lee, Wook-Won Kim, Y. Yoon","doi":"10.1109/PES.2009.5275293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2009.5275293","url":null,"abstract":"The electricity power industry has transformed from an integrated structure to a competitive market. Generally, investing generators in the electric power industry requires huge funds and takes long periods of construction in the need to continuously provide stable electricity power. Before the reform of the power industry took place in South Korea, the government had planed the electric power investment to keep the balance of supply and demand in the long run, and the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO), which is an integrated structure of the electric power industry in South Korea used to invest electric power equipments. However, after the deregulation, a new concept of expansion plan has been introduced to the electric power industry. The main change from the previous plan is that generation companies have an opportunity to plan their own investment in electricity power equipments with less constraints. In this paper, we represent the method that evaluates the economic efficiency between the investment in electric power generators in an existing monopoly formation and the investment made after reform. And we apply the methods to the electricity market in South Korea. The research contribution of this paper is in the methodological use of economic evaluation generation investment.","PeriodicalId":258632,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114814064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-26DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275629
Liu Qing, Wang Zengzing
A new method of multi-FACTS components coordinated control based on fuzzy immune co-evolutionary algorithm is proposed, which aimed at the negative interaction of FACTS controllers. The fuzzy mathematics model of the multi-objective optimization is provided using fuzzy set theory. The initial parameter is optimized with the use of co-evolutionary algorithm and immune algorithm. Compared with conventional Genetic Algorithm, this algorithm obviously reduces the computational time and has better convergence property. Two FACTS controllers — static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) and static synchronous compensator(STATCOM) is coordinated designed based on this strategy. The simulation result shows the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
{"title":"Coordinated design of multiple FACTS controllers based on fuzzy immune co-evolutionary Algorithm","authors":"Liu Qing, Wang Zengzing","doi":"10.1109/PES.2009.5275629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2009.5275629","url":null,"abstract":"A new method of multi-FACTS components coordinated control based on fuzzy immune co-evolutionary algorithm is proposed, which aimed at the negative interaction of FACTS controllers. The fuzzy mathematics model of the multi-objective optimization is provided using fuzzy set theory. The initial parameter is optimized with the use of co-evolutionary algorithm and immune algorithm. Compared with conventional Genetic Algorithm, this algorithm obviously reduces the computational time and has better convergence property. Two FACTS controllers — static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) and static synchronous compensator(STATCOM) is coordinated designed based on this strategy. The simulation result shows the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.","PeriodicalId":258632,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114908692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-26DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275521
K. Kimura, Yuta Tanaka, S. Iwamoto
With the high economic growth period in Japan, the power demand has been increasing sharply year by year. Therefore, the Japanese utilities have installed Shunt Capacitors along with the predicted demand. Meanwhile, some SCs have been aged because they have been used for a long time. Therefore, they have to be replaced sometime soon. It is important to renew the aged SCs efficiently and economically. In this paper, we propose a new total SC renewal planning scheme using the voltage stability index L-index. This paper proposes an improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. Since a search by PSO is considerably dependent on pbest and gbest, there is a possibility of settling in a local optimal solution. Therefore, Dispersed Hybrid PSO (DHPSO) is proposed to mitigate this drawback. We also proposed the optimal SC removal order scheme. Finally, we run simulations for the IEEJ 30 machine 115 bus system to confirm the validity of the proposed method.
{"title":"Comprehensive SC renewal planning scheme considering optimal allocation and reallocation","authors":"K. Kimura, Yuta Tanaka, S. Iwamoto","doi":"10.1109/PES.2009.5275521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2009.5275521","url":null,"abstract":"With the high economic growth period in Japan, the power demand has been increasing sharply year by year. Therefore, the Japanese utilities have installed Shunt Capacitors along with the predicted demand. Meanwhile, some SCs have been aged because they have been used for a long time. Therefore, they have to be replaced sometime soon. It is important to renew the aged SCs efficiently and economically. In this paper, we propose a new total SC renewal planning scheme using the voltage stability index L-index. This paper proposes an improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. Since a search by PSO is considerably dependent on pbest and gbest, there is a possibility of settling in a local optimal solution. Therefore, Dispersed Hybrid PSO (DHPSO) is proposed to mitigate this drawback. We also proposed the optimal SC removal order scheme. Finally, we run simulations for the IEEJ 30 machine 115 bus system to confirm the validity of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":258632,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116971543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-26DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275564
W. Carlson
A rush to biomass power is underway in the U.S. with both public and consumer owned utilities proposing their first biomass power facilities. The average size of facility proposed is rising rapidly, supposedly to capture economies of scale. Unique to biomass, ever larger plants may not yield lower busbar costs. In many locales, a combination of fuel constraints, capped incentive programs, loss of local options and availability of combined heat and power (CHP) options lead to the optimization of the facility at a much smaller size. In the Oregon example included a 10 MWe CHP plant yields a substantially lower busbar cost than a 100 MWe stand alone plant.
{"title":"Biomass power as a firm utility resource: Bigger not necessarily better or cheaper","authors":"W. Carlson","doi":"10.1109/PES.2009.5275564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2009.5275564","url":null,"abstract":"A rush to biomass power is underway in the U.S. with both public and consumer owned utilities proposing their first biomass power facilities. The average size of facility proposed is rising rapidly, supposedly to capture economies of scale. Unique to biomass, ever larger plants may not yield lower busbar costs. In many locales, a combination of fuel constraints, capped incentive programs, loss of local options and availability of combined heat and power (CHP) options lead to the optimization of the facility at a much smaller size. In the Oregon example included a 10 MWe CHP plant yields a substantially lower busbar cost than a 100 MWe stand alone plant.","PeriodicalId":258632,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116289833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-26DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275894
M. Gurbiel, P. Komarnicki, Z. Styczynski, F. W. Gatzen, C. Dzienis
Digital devices are controlling, protecting and monitoring increasing numbers of electric power systems. One such device that delivers needed measurements is the merging unit (MU). The function of an MU is to merge different types of measurements in one device and generate a digital data stream from measured values, which can then serve as an input signal, e.g. for a protective relay. Apart from communication, its accuracy of parameter capture is another of this device's features and is instrumental in controlling other devices. The authors propose a test procedure, which enables testing a merging unit under differing conditions, and discuss the test stand itself, its construction and functionality, test scenarios, the method of analysis and the results.
{"title":"Merging unit accuracy testing","authors":"M. Gurbiel, P. Komarnicki, Z. Styczynski, F. W. Gatzen, C. Dzienis","doi":"10.1109/PES.2009.5275894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2009.5275894","url":null,"abstract":"Digital devices are controlling, protecting and monitoring increasing numbers of electric power systems. One such device that delivers needed measurements is the merging unit (MU). The function of an MU is to merge different types of measurements in one device and generate a digital data stream from measured values, which can then serve as an input signal, e.g. for a protective relay. Apart from communication, its accuracy of parameter capture is another of this device's features and is instrumental in controlling other devices. The authors propose a test procedure, which enables testing a merging unit under differing conditions, and discuss the test stand itself, its construction and functionality, test scenarios, the method of analysis and the results.","PeriodicalId":258632,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"63 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116381624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-26DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275475
S. Bruno, M. L. Scala, G. Gross
The focus of the paper is on the long-term effects of the construction of a physical interconnection between SEE and Italy using a 1000-MW DC link from Italy to Albania. The impacts of this interconnection path are significant for the markets in Italy and SEE. The modeling issues are discussed and the simulation tool used to emulate the possible developments is presented. The use of scenario analysis is described and its ability to increase the realism of the simulations is discussed. We provide some representative results of the simulations. In addition, we discuss some key aspects of the cost-benefit analysis of the DC link. The extensive set of simulation studies indicate the gains in social welfare that may be realized as a result of the DC link. The financial viability of the transmission investment is considered from a private investor viewpoint taking into account the impacts of various sources of uncertainty.
{"title":"Modeling and simulation of the interconnected see and italy electricity markets","authors":"S. Bruno, M. L. Scala, G. Gross","doi":"10.1109/PES.2009.5275475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2009.5275475","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of the paper is on the long-term effects of the construction of a physical interconnection between SEE and Italy using a 1000-MW DC link from Italy to Albania. The impacts of this interconnection path are significant for the markets in Italy and SEE. The modeling issues are discussed and the simulation tool used to emulate the possible developments is presented. The use of scenario analysis is described and its ability to increase the realism of the simulations is discussed. We provide some representative results of the simulations. In addition, we discuss some key aspects of the cost-benefit analysis of the DC link. The extensive set of simulation studies indicate the gains in social welfare that may be realized as a result of the DC link. The financial viability of the transmission investment is considered from a private investor viewpoint taking into account the impacts of various sources of uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":258632,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"323 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123652493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-26DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275318
H. Shateri, A. Amjadi, M. Ghorbani, A. Mohammad-Khani
Design of LV networks has two aspects: mechanical and electrical. The objective of the mechanical design is to determine the tension of wires, or equally their sags, in such a way that in various climates the designed network operates satisfactorily. On the other hand, the target of the electrical design is to fulfill the electric constrains, i.e. current, voltage, and losses constrains. In the case of current, there are two constrains for steady state and faulted conditions. This paper presents a technique for selecting the cross section of conductors in electrical design stage for LV distribution networks with respect to the mentioned constrains, based on both cost and loadability aspects.
{"title":"Cost and loadability based design technique for LV distribution networks","authors":"H. Shateri, A. Amjadi, M. Ghorbani, A. Mohammad-Khani","doi":"10.1109/PES.2009.5275318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2009.5275318","url":null,"abstract":"Design of LV networks has two aspects: mechanical and electrical. The objective of the mechanical design is to determine the tension of wires, or equally their sags, in such a way that in various climates the designed network operates satisfactorily. On the other hand, the target of the electrical design is to fulfill the electric constrains, i.e. current, voltage, and losses constrains. In the case of current, there are two constrains for steady state and faulted conditions. This paper presents a technique for selecting the cross section of conductors in electrical design stage for LV distribution networks with respect to the mentioned constrains, based on both cost and loadability aspects.","PeriodicalId":258632,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123675725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-26DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275688
Preeti Kulshrestha, Lei Wang, M. Chow, S. Lukic
There is a need for in-depth study of technologies that will affect the utility industry in a time horizon of less than 20 years. One such technology is the plug-in vehicle (PHEV); there is a need for energy management when a large number of plug-in hybrid vehicles penetrate the market. In this paper, we propose an “intelligent energy management system (iEMS)” that intelligently allocates power to the vehicle battery chargers through real time monitoring and control, to ensure optimal usage of available power, charging time and grid stability. We begin by conceptualization of the system architecture and description of its operation and provide a theoretical framework for system modeling. A detailed PHEV battery model and state of charge estimation algorithm are also being developed to simulate different PHEVs to be recharged at a municipal parking deck. We will present the simulator we have developed for representing the iEMS using Matlab/Simulink and discuss obtained results and future directions.
有必要深入研究将在不到20年的时间范围内影响公用事业行业的技术。其中一项技术是插电式汽车(PHEV);当大量插电式混合动力汽车进入市场时，需要进行能源管理。本文提出了一种“智能能量管理系统”(intelligent energy management system, iEMS)，通过实时监测和控制，为车载电池充电器智能分配电量，确保可用电量的最优利用、充电时间和电网稳定性。我们首先对系统架构进行概念化，并对其操作进行描述，为系统建模提供一个理论框架。一个详细的插电式混合动力汽车电池模型和充电状态估计算法也正在开发中，以模拟不同的插电式混合动力汽车在市政停车场充电。我们将展示我们开发的模拟器，使用Matlab/Simulink来表示iEMS，并讨论获得的结果和未来的方向。
{"title":"Intelligent energy management system simulator for PHEVs at municipal parking deck in a smart grid environment","authors":"Preeti Kulshrestha, Lei Wang, M. Chow, S. Lukic","doi":"10.1109/PES.2009.5275688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2009.5275688","url":null,"abstract":"There is a need for in-depth study of technologies that will affect the utility industry in a time horizon of less than 20 years. One such technology is the plug-in vehicle (PHEV); there is a need for energy management when a large number of plug-in hybrid vehicles penetrate the market. In this paper, we propose an “intelligent energy management system (iEMS)” that intelligently allocates power to the vehicle battery chargers through real time monitoring and control, to ensure optimal usage of available power, charging time and grid stability. We begin by conceptualization of the system architecture and description of its operation and provide a theoretical framework for system modeling. A detailed PHEV battery model and state of charge estimation algorithm are also being developed to simulate different PHEVs to be recharged at a municipal parking deck. We will present the simulator we have developed for representing the iEMS using Matlab/Simulink and discuss obtained results and future directions.","PeriodicalId":258632,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122110397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-07-26DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275644
Hongyu Wu, X. Guan, Q. Zhai, F. Gao, Yuanchao Yang
Security-constrained generation scheduling (SCGS) is an indispensable tool for independent system operators (ISOs) to plan a secure and economical hourly generation schedule in the daily/weekly ahead markets. Power outputs of thermal units are usually formulated as step functions in almost all literature on SCGS, i.e., the generation level schedule is taken as an energy delivery schedule. The ramp-rate constraints are also simplified as limits on the differences of generation levels in consecutive time periods. However, it has been found in our previous work that the energy delivery schedule obtained from this formulation may not be realizable. The schedule obtained is generally different from what is implemented. In this paper, feasible energy delivery is embedded in SCGS model and power outputs of thermal units are formulated as piece-wise linear functions rather than step functions. The schedule obtained from the new formulation is deliverable in terms of energy and precise ramping process for implementing the energy schedule is also obtainable. A mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) method is applied to solve the problem with the new formulation and numerical testing is performed for a six-bus system and an IEEE 118-bus system. The testing results and primary analysis show that the new formulation is valid.
{"title":"Security-constrained generation scheduling with feasible energy delivery","authors":"Hongyu Wu, X. Guan, Q. Zhai, F. Gao, Yuanchao Yang","doi":"10.1109/PES.2009.5275644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2009.5275644","url":null,"abstract":"Security-constrained generation scheduling (SCGS) is an indispensable tool for independent system operators (ISOs) to plan a secure and economical hourly generation schedule in the daily/weekly ahead markets. Power outputs of thermal units are usually formulated as step functions in almost all literature on SCGS, i.e., the generation level schedule is taken as an energy delivery schedule. The ramp-rate constraints are also simplified as limits on the differences of generation levels in consecutive time periods. However, it has been found in our previous work that the energy delivery schedule obtained from this formulation may not be realizable. The schedule obtained is generally different from what is implemented. In this paper, feasible energy delivery is embedded in SCGS model and power outputs of thermal units are formulated as piece-wise linear functions rather than step functions. The schedule obtained from the new formulation is deliverable in terms of energy and precise ramping process for implementing the energy schedule is also obtainable. A mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) method is applied to solve the problem with the new formulation and numerical testing is performed for a six-bus system and an IEEE 118-bus system. The testing results and primary analysis show that the new formulation is valid.","PeriodicalId":258632,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117251209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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