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2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting最新文献

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A novel fast transient stability prediction method based on PMU 一种新的基于PMU的暂态稳定性快速预测方法
Pub Date : 2009-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275824
X.D. Liu, Ying Li, Z.J. Liu, Z. Huang, Y. Miao, Qi Jun, Q. Jiang, W.H. Chen
A novel fast method based on phasor measurement units (PMU) measurements for transient stability prediction is presented in this paper. The method simulates various faults of a system off-line and records all rotor angle trajectories. Then a characteristic trajectory set is obtained for each generator using Hierarchical Cluster Algorithm (HCA) and a perturbed trajectory standard pattern database (PTSPD) is generated. By calculating the Euclidean distance between the trajectory uploaded by PMU and each characteristic trajectory in the PTSPD, the rotor angle trajectory can be predicted by the most similar characteristic trajectory. Thus the transient stability is predicted. Taking the New England test system for example, the effectiveness of the proposed method is proved.
提出了一种基于相量测量单元(PMU)测量的暂态稳定预测新方法。该方法离线模拟系统的各种故障,并记录所有转子角度轨迹。然后利用层次聚类算法(HCA)获得每个发电机的特征轨迹集,生成扰动轨迹标准模式数据库(PTSPD)。通过计算PMU上传的轨迹与PTSPD中各特征轨迹之间的欧氏距离,可以用最相似的特征轨迹预测转子角度轨迹。从而预测了暂态稳定性。以新英格兰测试系统为例,验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 14
Design and implementation of power line sensornet for overhead transmission lines 架空输电线路电力线传感器设计与实现
Pub Date : 2009-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275363
Yi Yang, D. Divan, R. Harley, T. Habetler
The task of monitoring asset status and optimizing asset utilization for the power grid, given millions of assets and hundreds of thousands of miles of power lines distributed over millions of square miles, seems costly, if not impossible. Given the traditionally high cost of sensing and communications, the current grid has minimal ‘smarts’ with much of the intelligence located at major substations. Dramatic reductions in sensor, computing and communications costs, coupled with significant performance enhancements has increased the possibility of realizing widely and massively power line sensor networks (PLSNs) to monitor utility asset status. A NSF funded a project, “Power Line Sensornet for Enhancing Line Reliability and Utilization”, has led to the development of an integrated multi-task power line sensor (PLS) module. This paper mainly addresses the design and implementation issues for such a sensor module.
考虑到分布在数百万平方英里上的数百万资产和数十万英里的电力线,电网监控资产状态和优化资产利用率的任务似乎成本高昂,如果不是不可能的话。考虑到传感和通信的传统高成本,目前电网的“智能”程度很低,大部分智能都位于主要变电站。传感器、计算和通信成本的大幅降低,加上显著的性能增强,增加了实现广泛和大规模电力线传感器网络(PLSNs)监控公用事业资产状态的可能性。国家科学基金会资助了一个项目,“提高线路可靠性和利用率的电力线传感器”,导致了集成多任务电力线传感器(PLS)模块的开发。本文主要论述了该传感器模块的设计与实现问题。
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引用次数: 62
Development of test facility for compatibility and performance testing of all-digital protection systems connected to IEC 61850-9-2 standard 开发符合IEC 61850-9-2标准的全数字保护系统的兼容性和性能测试设备
Pub Date : 2009-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275557
S. Kucuksari, G. Karady
The development of Intelligent Electronic Devices (IED) have increased the use of digital protection systems, in which the digitized signals replaced the usage of conventional analog signals. The digitized signals are generated at electronic instrument transformers and they are transferred to protection systems over a process bus based on IEC 61850-9-2 standard. This transferring process between electronic instrument transformers and protection systems requires a detailed performance evaluation, analysis, and compatibility of the two different systems, since various vendors' instrument transformers and relays are aimed to be connected. This paper presents a developed test facility for all-digital protection system performance evaluations. Typical power system faults are regenerated with the facility and the performance of the digital systems are investigated. The compatibility of an optical current transformer and a digital relay is analyzed. Digital relay's inverse time delay characteristics are obtained. Results show that all-digital systems provided by different manufacturers can work together and are suitable to protect power systems where protection is needed.
智能电子设备(IED)的发展增加了数字保护系统的使用,其中数字化信号取代了传统模拟信号的使用。数字化信号在电子仪表变压器产生,并通过基于IEC 61850-9-2标准的过程总线传输到保护系统。电子仪表变压器和保护系统之间的这种转换过程需要对两个不同系统进行详细的性能评估、分析和兼容性,因为不同供应商的仪表变压器和继电器的目的是连接。本文介绍了一种用于全数字保护系统性能评估的测试装置。分析了电力系统的典型故障,并对数字系统的性能进行了研究。分析了光电流互感器与数字继电器的兼容性。得到了数字继电器的逆时延特性。结果表明,不同厂家提供的全数字系统可以协同工作,适用于需要保护的电力系统。
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引用次数: 5
Small signal security quantification of highly loaded power systems 高负荷电力系统的小信号安全量化
Pub Date : 2009-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275907
U. Kerin, E. Lerch, G. Bizjak
In this paper a concept of quantifying small signal security of power systems is introduced. The concept includes employment of a security index identifying system oscillation modes of insufficient characteristics. If referred to a security constraint the index quantifies mode security and if applied in sensitivity study it gives mode security variation in respect to changes in the system. The concept is applied in a study case considering model of a large power system. For the purpose the well established simulator is used.
本文介绍了电力系统小信号安全量化的概念。该概念包括使用一个安全指标来识别系统振荡模式的不足特性。如果涉及到安全约束,该指标量化了模式安全性,如果应用于敏感性研究,它给出了模式安全性随系统变化的变化。并将该概念应用到一个大型电力系统模型的研究实例中。为了达到这个目的,我们使用了成熟的模拟器。
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引用次数: 5
A load frequency control design using the sliding mode control theory with a VSS observer 采用滑模控制理论设计了带VSS观测器的负载频率控制
Pub Date : 2009-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275519
H. Kondo, Yuya Suzuki, S. Iwamoto
In recent years, power systems have steadily grown larger and more complicated. Meanwhile, there has been a push toward strong deregulation of the power industry, which has also progressed, causing increases in the PPS (Power Producers and Suppliers) generation ratio and power wheeling via the tie-lines connecting different power companies. These factors all contribute to the increase of uncertainties in the power system. The Sliding mode control theory is one type of robust control theories, which can consider modeling uncertainties. Therefore, in this paper, the Sliding mode control theory is applied to the Load Frequency Control (LFC) in power systems, together with a VSS observer. Its robustness and control performances of the proposed method are examined by numerical simulations and comparisons with the conventional PI controller.
近年来,电力系统逐渐变得越来越大,越来越复杂。与此同时,通过连接各电力公司的配电网,PPS (power Producers and Suppliers)的发电比率和电力转轮也在不断增加,因此,对电力行业的强力管制也在不断推进。这些因素都增加了电力系统的不确定性。滑模控制理论是一类可以考虑建模不确定性的鲁棒控制理论。因此,本文将滑模控制理论与VSS观测器一起应用于电力系统的负载频率控制。通过数值仿真和与传统PI控制器的比较,验证了该方法的鲁棒性和控制性能。
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引用次数: 6
Determining realistic photovoltaic generation targets in an isolated power system 确定孤立电力系统中现实的光伏发电目标
Pub Date : 2009-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275216
H. P. Ladner-Garcia, E. O’Neill-Carrillo
The Puerto Rico Energy Affairs Administration, motivated by the great potential of renewable energy in the Island, commissioned a study to the University of Puerto Rico to identify achievable and realistic renewable energy targets for the Island. The study was intended to summarize the technical requirements of a number of renewable energy technologies in the island and the potential generation capacity achievable in the island. The study will be the basis of a proposal for a renewable energy portfolio in the island. This paper deals with the photovoltaic potential in Puerto Rico. The main finding in the paper is that there is enough proven “rooftop resource” available in the Island to support all the residential energy needs, and significant levels of commercial and industrial energy demand.
波多黎各能源事务管理局受到岛上可再生能源巨大潜力的鼓舞,委托波多黎各大学进行一项研究,为该岛确定可实现和现实的可再生能源目标。这项研究的目的是总结岛上若干可再生能源技术的技术要求和岛上可实现的潜在发电能力。这项研究将成为该岛可再生能源组合提案的基础。本文讨论了波多黎各的光伏潜力。论文的主要发现是,岛上有足够的“屋顶资源”来支持所有的住宅能源需求,以及大量的商业和工业能源需求。
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引用次数: 14
Electricity market equilibrium, efficiency and operation risk: Some observations 电力市场均衡、效率与运行风险:一些观察
Pub Date : 2009-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275695
F. Alvarado
Electricity markets in many areas of the country continue to operate successfully. In many ways, operating the system according to market bids has proven to be not that different from old style operation under an optimum power dispatch regime; however, the compensation and incentives for market participants and producers are markedly different than previously. Several salient issues have become highlights of at least certain operational regimes under markets.
该国许多地区的电力市场继续成功运作。在许多方面,根据市场报价运行系统已被证明与在最优电力调度制度下的旧式运行没有什么不同;然而,对市场参与者和生产者的补偿和激励与以前明显不同。几个突出问题已成为至少某些市场操作机制的亮点。
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引用次数: 0
Behaviour and protection of doubly-fed induction generators during network faults 网络故障时双馈感应发电机的行为及保护
Pub Date : 2009-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275555
S. Foster, Lie Xu, B. Fox
The paper considers the behaviour of the rotor current of a DFIG during a fault on the network. It is seen that a large disturbance of the stator voltage will cause high transient rotor currents which trigger the crowbar protection for the rotor side converter (RSC). Once the crowbar is applied it cannot be removed until its current reaches zero. During the period the crowbar is applied, the machine behaves as a conventional FSIG, losing control of the active and reactive power. Therefore the time taken for the crowbar current to reach zero is crucial as it determines when the RSC can regain power control and how soon the AC voltage can recover. It is seen that the crowbar current can take a long time to decrease to zero and that this has a significant impact on the voltage recovery after fault. The larger the crowbar resistor and the further the generator is from synchronous speed, the shorter the crowbar current transient is. Power and energy dissipation through the crowbar resistor are also considered, and it is observed that the power varies in accordance with the maximum power transfer theorem. The detailed impact of the timings of crowbar removal and RSC reactivation on system voltage recovery is also investigated. It is seen that reactive power control during fault clearance can assist AC voltage recovery.
本文研究了网络故障时DFIG转子电流的变化规律。结果表明,定子电压的大扰动会引起转子瞬态电流的增大,从而触发转子侧变流器的撬棍保护。一旦撬棍被使用,它就不能被移开,直到它的电流达到零。在撬棍施加期间,机器表现为传统的FSIG,失去对有功和无功功率的控制。因此,撬棍电流达到零所需的时间至关重要,因为它决定了RSC何时可以重新获得电源控制以及交流电压恢复的速度。可以看出,撬棍电流需要很长时间才能降至零,这对故障后的电压恢复有重要影响。电阻器越大,发电机离同步转速越远,电阻器暂态电流越短。同时考虑了电阻器的功率和能量损耗,并观察到功率的变化符合最大功率传递定理。还详细研究了撬棒拆除和RSC重新启动的时机对系统电压恢复的影响。可见,故障清除过程中的无功控制可以辅助交流电压恢复。
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引用次数: 22
Biomass development and potential in South East Europe 东南欧的生物质发展和潜力
Pub Date : 2009-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275571
N. Iliadis
This article discusses the advances in technology, the market conditions and the biomass solid fuel availability in the South East Europe. The energy mix in South East Europe (SEE) is known to be a highly polluting one with important CO2 and particulates emissions. Following the introduction for several of the countries in the European Union and the signature by most of them of the Kyoto protocol, severe caps have been imposed on the CO2 emissions. Most of the SEE countries have a significant expertise in thermal combustions units based on lignite and coal. Therefore, the use of the solid biomass fuel for electricity generation has started being applied progressively as a means of electricity generation. Pure biomass plants and biomass co-firing plants are actually studied and developed in many of these countries. We refer to as solid biomass all agricultural residues, wood flakes or pellets, olive pomace and any plants that can be used as solid biofuels. Each country among the ones in SEE have different biomass type availabilities which can be transported inside the country or exported to close distances. In this article we will discuss the technologies that have already been applied in South East Europe for different types of biomass. We will stretch the point of biomass solid fuels availability, the regions that can supply important quantities and which neighboring countries can be considered in case of a shortage. The latter availability will be closely linked to the technology that is used each time and the influence of the biomass mix to the technology used. Finally, in order to describe the financial feasibility of these projects we will refer in some financing and feed-in-tariff schemes that are actually applicable.
本文讨论了东南欧的技术进步、市场状况和生物质固体燃料的可用性。众所周知,东南欧(SEE)的能源结构是一个高污染的能源结构,排放大量的二氧化碳和颗粒物。随着欧盟几个国家的引入和大多数国家签署了《京都议定书》,对二氧化碳排放实施了严格的限制。大多数SEE国家在基于褐煤和煤的热燃烧装置方面具有重要的专业知识。因此,利用固体生物质燃料发电已开始逐步应用作为一种发电手段。在这些国家中,许多国家都在研究和开发纯生物质电厂和生物质共烧电厂。我们把所有的农业残留物、木片或木屑、橄榄渣和任何可以用作固体生物燃料的植物都称为固体生物质。阿拉善SEE成员国中的每个国家都有不同类型的可利用生物质,可在国内运输或近距离出口。在本文中,我们将讨论已经在东南欧应用于不同类型生物质的技术。我们将扩大生物质固体燃料的可用性,能够提供重要数量的地区以及在短缺时可以考虑的邻国的范围。后一种可得性将与每次使用的技术以及生物质混合对所使用技术的影响密切相关。最后,为了描述这些项目的财务可行性,我们将参考一些实际适用的融资和上网电价方案。
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引用次数: 2
Gas turbine control for islanding operation of distribution systems 配电系统孤岛运行的燃气轮机控制
Pub Date : 2009-07-26 DOI: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275701
P. Mahat, Zhe Chen, B. Bak‐Jensen
Danish distribution systems are characterized by a significant penetration of small gas turbine generators (GTGs) and fixed speed wind turbine generators (WTGs). Island operation of these distribution systems are becoming a viable option for economical and technical reasons. However, stabilizing frequency in an islanded system is one of the major challenges. This paper presents three different gas turbine governors for possible operation of distribution systems in an islanding mode. Simulation results are presented to show the performance of these governors in grid connected and islanding mode.
丹麦配电系统的特点是小型燃气涡轮发电机(GTGs)和固定速度风力涡轮发电机(WTGs)的大量渗透。由于经济和技术原因,这些配电系统的孤岛运行正成为一种可行的选择。然而,在孤岛系统中稳定频率是主要挑战之一。本文介绍了三种不同的燃气轮机调速器,用于孤岛模式下配电系统的可能运行。仿真结果显示了这些调速器在并网和孤岛模式下的性能。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting
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