Pub Date : 2021-02-09DOI: 10.11648/J.IJEFM.20210901.12
Admikew Getaneh
The objectives of the enterprise is to provide high yielding, disease-resistant, pure, viable, and quality coffee seed services to coffee growers, NGO’s and other private and governmental coffee-growing sectors. It will start as a private limited company with two stakeholders. The business starts its production with the amount of 10qt/ha certified coffee seeds. Annual production will begin a total of 20,000 kg (200qt) from 20 hectares after four years, which the business starts, and increase to 50,000kg (500qt) with a total area of 50 hectares after year six. The business will produce certified Arabica coffee seed to four agro-ecological production areas; which are Harar, Wollega (Nekemt), Limu and Sidama/Yirgacheffee coffee specialties. These coffee production regions have their own quality standards; to meet that standard and maximize the national market opportunity the business is paramount. The majority of the business will be sold in their own shop, but as production increases, the owners will utilize other distribution channels to reach the individual customers. The amount of money required to start up the business will be Birr 1,000,000. From this, 50% will be from the bank with 15 years loan period and 50% own saving. Out of the total initial investment birr 420,000 will be used for asset cost and 580,000 working cost. Generally, this capital will be used to construct the certified coffee seed store, to purchase tractors, coffee processing machines, generator office materials, and the necessary farm equipment, and to cover operating expenses. The enterprise requires 20 to 30 daily and contract workers when the business starts and increases more than 50 workers after five years of establishment. The profitability assumption is based on the total annual production of 500,000 Kg of coffee seeds. This is the volume of the product that will be supplied to the market after the projected permanently established. GGCACSE will be selling certified coffee seed at a basic minimum of birr 110 per kilogram - the maximum price will depend on the market. The average net profit margin over the projected three-year production period, based on the price of birr 110/kg is estimated at 29.3%. The break-even percentage is 3.34. At this point the business neither profit nor loss. The project is expected to provide an annual net profit in the fourth, fifth year 546,582 ETB and 769,096 ETB respectively. It will be increased to 1,912,153 ETB after six years of business establishment.
{"title":"Profitability Analysis Overview for Certified Arabica Coffee Seed Production to Seed Entrepreneurs in Ethiopia","authors":"Admikew Getaneh","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20210901.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20210901.12","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of the enterprise is to provide high yielding, disease-resistant, pure, viable, and quality coffee seed services to coffee growers, NGO’s and other private and governmental coffee-growing sectors. It will start as a private limited company with two stakeholders. The business starts its production with the amount of 10qt/ha certified coffee seeds. Annual production will begin a total of 20,000 kg (200qt) from 20 hectares after four years, which the business starts, and increase to 50,000kg (500qt) with a total area of 50 hectares after year six. The business will produce certified Arabica coffee seed to four agro-ecological production areas; which are Harar, Wollega (Nekemt), Limu and Sidama/Yirgacheffee coffee specialties. These coffee production regions have their own quality standards; to meet that standard and maximize the national market opportunity the business is paramount. The majority of the business will be sold in their own shop, but as production increases, the owners will utilize other distribution channels to reach the individual customers. The amount of money required to start up the business will be Birr 1,000,000. From this, 50% will be from the bank with 15 years loan period and 50% own saving. Out of the total initial investment birr 420,000 will be used for asset cost and 580,000 working cost. Generally, this capital will be used to construct the certified coffee seed store, to purchase tractors, coffee processing machines, generator office materials, and the necessary farm equipment, and to cover operating expenses. The enterprise requires 20 to 30 daily and contract workers when the business starts and increases more than 50 workers after five years of establishment. The profitability assumption is based on the total annual production of 500,000 Kg of coffee seeds. This is the volume of the product that will be supplied to the market after the projected permanently established. GGCACSE will be selling certified coffee seed at a basic minimum of birr 110 per kilogram - the maximum price will depend on the market. The average net profit margin over the projected three-year production period, based on the price of birr 110/kg is estimated at 29.3%. The break-even percentage is 3.34. At this point the business neither profit nor loss. The project is expected to provide an annual net profit in the fourth, fifth year 546,582 ETB and 769,096 ETB respectively. It will be increased to 1,912,153 ETB after six years of business establishment.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125951689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-02DOI: 10.11648/J.IJEFM.20210901.11
Abu Bakarr Tarawalie, Morris Conteh
The main objective of this paper is to investigate the determinants of export performance in Sierra Leone. The study uses annual time series data from 1980 to 2018 within the ARDL bound testing framework. The stationarity test indicates that all the variables are I(1) series, whilst the bound test result shows there is cointegration. The result reveals that FDI, REER and dummy variable for war are the main determinants of export performance in the long run. Also, the result confirms that FDI and inflation are the significant variables influencing export performance in the short run. Furthermore, with a coefficient of 0.51, the result indicates that 51 percent of any disturbance emanating from previous year’s shocks will be corrected in the current year. The diagnostic test reveals that, approximately 69 percent of the variation in export performance is determined by the exogenous variables as evident by the R-square value. Overall, the probability value of the F-statistic (0.000000), shows that model is significant. The results of CUSUM and CUSUMSQ statistics indicate parameter stability. In order to improve the country’s export performance, the paper recommends that government should ensure macroeconomic stability, design incentive mechanisms to encourage foreign direct investment and also maintain a politically stable economy.
{"title":"The Determinants of Export Performance in a Small Open Economy: The Case of Sierra Leone","authors":"Abu Bakarr Tarawalie, Morris Conteh","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20210901.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20210901.11","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this paper is to investigate the determinants of export performance in Sierra Leone. The study uses annual time series data from 1980 to 2018 within the ARDL bound testing framework. The stationarity test indicates that all the variables are I(1) series, whilst the bound test result shows there is cointegration. The result reveals that FDI, REER and dummy variable for war are the main determinants of export performance in the long run. Also, the result confirms that FDI and inflation are the significant variables influencing export performance in the short run. Furthermore, with a coefficient of 0.51, the result indicates that 51 percent of any disturbance emanating from previous year’s shocks will be corrected in the current year. The diagnostic test reveals that, approximately 69 percent of the variation in export performance is determined by the exogenous variables as evident by the R-square value. Overall, the probability value of the F-statistic (0.000000), shows that model is significant. The results of CUSUM and CUSUMSQ statistics indicate parameter stability. In order to improve the country’s export performance, the paper recommends that government should ensure macroeconomic stability, design incentive mechanisms to encourage foreign direct investment and also maintain a politically stable economy.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130556134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The process of the state budget revenues formation is accompanied by economic relations which are based on the withdrawal of a share of economic entities revenues in the form of direct and indirect taxes to the centralized fund for financial resources. The priorities of the state in fiscal policy and the level of economic development of society are determined through the level of the balance between revenues from direct and indirect taxes to the budget. The state has a significant impact on socio-economic growth, regulates macro- and microeconomic processes through taxes. Ukraine is currently at a rather complicated political and economic stage of development, which is accompanied by the tasks of sufficient and prompt filling the state budget to perform socio-economic functions. Indirect taxes occupy an important place in this process. They have the vast majority in the structure of tax revenues, that’s why the issue of studying its impact on the formation of the revenue side of the state budget and stimulating the economy is relevant. The article considers the issues of filling Ukraine's Budget through indirect taxes. The role of indirect taxes in the formation of budget revenues and its importance as a tool for state regulation of economic processes in society is proved. The directions to improve filling the budget through indirect taxes are determined.
{"title":"The Role of Indirect Taxes in the Process of Filling the State Budget","authors":"Mrachkovska Nadiia Kostiantynivna, Shevchenko Nataliia Yuriivna","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200806.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200806.12","url":null,"abstract":"The process of the state budget revenues formation is accompanied by economic relations which are based on the withdrawal of a share of economic entities revenues in the form of direct and indirect taxes to the centralized fund for financial resources. The priorities of the state in fiscal policy and the level of economic development of society are determined through the level of the balance between revenues from direct and indirect taxes to the budget. The state has a significant impact on socio-economic growth, regulates macro- and microeconomic processes through taxes. Ukraine is currently at a rather complicated political and economic stage of development, which is accompanied by the tasks of sufficient and prompt filling the state budget to perform socio-economic functions. Indirect taxes occupy an important place in this process. They have the vast majority in the structure of tax revenues, that’s why the issue of studying its impact on the formation of the revenue side of the state budget and stimulating the economy is relevant. The article considers the issues of filling Ukraine's Budget through indirect taxes. The role of indirect taxes in the formation of budget revenues and its importance as a tool for state regulation of economic processes in society is proved. The directions to improve filling the budget through indirect taxes are determined.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122055171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-27DOI: 10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200806.13
Ke-Lin Jin, Zefeng Ruan
For the past few years, green finance, as one of the most important means of sustainable development, has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad. The development of new energy power industry is rapid, and the application of green finance is more and more extensive. The integration of the green finance and new energy power industry is conducive to promoting the construction of ecological civilization in China. However, due to the relatively backward development of green finance, the new energy power industry also has some limitations, resulting in defects in the integration of the two. This paper first describes the current situation of the support of green finance to the development of China's new energy power industry, and the mechanism of green finance supporting the new energy power industry, that is, the effect of capital aggregation and the effect of scientific and technological innovation. On this basis, it further analyzes the bottleneck constraints in the process of the two docking, such as insufficient supply of green financial products, low level of innovation, imperfect laws and regulations, etc. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions on how to realize the connection between new energy industry and power industry. The content is novel and frontier.
{"title":"Research and Analysis on the Mutual Restriction Factors Between Green Finance and New Energy Power Industry","authors":"Ke-Lin Jin, Zefeng Ruan","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200806.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200806.13","url":null,"abstract":"For the past few years, green finance, as one of the most important means of sustainable development, has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad. The development of new energy power industry is rapid, and the application of green finance is more and more extensive. The integration of the green finance and new energy power industry is conducive to promoting the construction of ecological civilization in China. However, due to the relatively backward development of green finance, the new energy power industry also has some limitations, resulting in defects in the integration of the two. This paper first describes the current situation of the support of green finance to the development of China's new energy power industry, and the mechanism of green finance supporting the new energy power industry, that is, the effect of capital aggregation and the effect of scientific and technological innovation. On this basis, it further analyzes the bottleneck constraints in the process of the two docking, such as insufficient supply of green financial products, low level of innovation, imperfect laws and regulations, etc. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions on how to realize the connection between new energy industry and power industry. The content is novel and frontier.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126088299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-04DOI: 10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200806.11
Qin Lishuan, Guo Yanli
As China’s political and cultural center, science and technology innovation center, Beijing has always been at the forefront of cultural and creative industries. In recent years, thanks to policies such as mass entrepreneurship and internet plus, Beijing's cultural and creative industries have ushered into a new era. The purpose of this study was to create a benefit evaluation system for the cultural and creative industries that are of great importance to society and government. This study used Delphi method to build a preliminary evaluation model, conducted questionnaires, conducted and interpreted factor analysis, and drew a conclusion on the factors that comprise of a comprehensive benefit evaluation system. The study shows that evaluation index system of cultural and creative enterprises mainly includes two parts: economic benefit index and social benefit index. For economic benefit index, the evaluation involves income level, brand value, cost input and economic drive effect. While for social benefit index, besides the usual tax contribution and employment contribution, it should also include indicators reflecting such characteristics of cultural and creative industries as brand demonstration effect, social morality drive effect, education effect and social capital. Hence, the benefits of the cultural and creative industries are demonstrated not only in generating more value for the region’s economy but also in creating social value.
{"title":"An Exploratory Study on Benefit Evaluation of Cultural Creative Enterprises","authors":"Qin Lishuan, Guo Yanli","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200806.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200806.11","url":null,"abstract":"As China’s political and cultural center, science and technology innovation center, Beijing has always been at the forefront of cultural and creative industries. In recent years, thanks to policies such as mass entrepreneurship and internet plus, Beijing's cultural and creative industries have ushered into a new era. The purpose of this study was to create a benefit evaluation system for the cultural and creative industries that are of great importance to society and government. This study used Delphi method to build a preliminary evaluation model, conducted questionnaires, conducted and interpreted factor analysis, and drew a conclusion on the factors that comprise of a comprehensive benefit evaluation system. The study shows that evaluation index system of cultural and creative enterprises mainly includes two parts: economic benefit index and social benefit index. For economic benefit index, the evaluation involves income level, brand value, cost input and economic drive effect. While for social benefit index, besides the usual tax contribution and employment contribution, it should also include indicators reflecting such characteristics of cultural and creative industries as brand demonstration effect, social morality drive effect, education effect and social capital. Hence, the benefits of the cultural and creative industries are demonstrated not only in generating more value for the region’s economy but also in creating social value.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"287 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133655512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-23DOI: 10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200805.15
Yangxiao Wang, Qiufang Fan, Ying Ma, Jie Zhang
In recent years, with the improvement of wind power generation technology and industrial upgrading, China's wind power generation manufacturing and application scale ranks among the top in the world. Technological advances in these related fields have reduced costs, making renewable energy an important area of the energy transition. At present, renewable energy mainly includes wind, solar and biomass energy. Among them, wind energy has the advantages of wide sources, low cost, advanced energy capture and conversion technology and equipment, which make it has been applied in many places on a large scale. By contrast, due to the difficulty of material recovery and high cost, the large-scale application of biomass energy is limited. Meanwhile, the production of solar panels is characterized by high pollution and high energy consumption, which is not environmentally friendly and limits its industrial expansion. Therefore, this research will focus on wind power price related policies in Shandong Province. In this paper, a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model of renewable energy policy according to the current development in Shandong Province was first built. Then, by simulating the increase of wind energy electricity price subsidies by 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% compared with the base year, the effects of electricity price subsidies on energy, economics, social and environment were further analyzed. Finally, suggestions were proposed which can provide a reference for the promotion and development of wind energy in Shandong Province.
{"title":"Research on the Subsidy Policy of Wind Energy Price in Shandong Province Based on CGE Model","authors":"Yangxiao Wang, Qiufang Fan, Ying Ma, Jie Zhang","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200805.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200805.15","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, with the improvement of wind power generation technology and industrial upgrading, China's wind power generation manufacturing and application scale ranks among the top in the world. Technological advances in these related fields have reduced costs, making renewable energy an important area of the energy transition. At present, renewable energy mainly includes wind, solar and biomass energy. Among them, wind energy has the advantages of wide sources, low cost, advanced energy capture and conversion technology and equipment, which make it has been applied in many places on a large scale. By contrast, due to the difficulty of material recovery and high cost, the large-scale application of biomass energy is limited. Meanwhile, the production of solar panels is characterized by high pollution and high energy consumption, which is not environmentally friendly and limits its industrial expansion. Therefore, this research will focus on wind power price related policies in Shandong Province. In this paper, a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model of renewable energy policy according to the current development in Shandong Province was first built. Then, by simulating the increase of wind energy electricity price subsidies by 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% compared with the base year, the effects of electricity price subsidies on energy, economics, social and environment were further analyzed. Finally, suggestions were proposed which can provide a reference for the promotion and development of wind energy in Shandong Province.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122678512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-13DOI: 10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200805.14
Eyad Moufaq Alkousini
The objective of this study is to measure the impact of the workers' remittances on economic growth in Jordan during the period 1979-2015 by enhancing human capital according to the theory of endogenous growth. For this purpose, time series analysis (cointegration tests and vector error correction model) is used. Corresponding it is found that all the series representing the variables are stationary at the first difference. The results also show that there are two cointegration vectors relating the variables. Therefore, the model was estimated using vector error correction model, which showed a long-term relationship between economic growth and explanatory variables. The estimate showed that there is a positive effect of statistical significance for each of the remittances of workers and foreign loans, and a positive effect that is not statistically significant for both foreign direct investment and foreign aid. The study concluded with several recommendations that we summarize regarding the importance of workers' remittances as an external source of financing, characterized by its relative stability, low costs and not being directly linked to any requirements, which makes it one of the most important external sources of financing in addition to a role in supporting the absorptive capacity of human capital and thus supporting economic growth and deepening the role of capital (capital deepening) and raise its productivity. On the other hand, the need to better direct the sources of external flows towards projects that support the absorptive capacity (knowledge, skills and experiences) of the workforce, by raising the proportion of foreign aid and foreign loans directed towards spending on education, training and skills acquisition, which enhances their role in the short and long term in economic growth as well as Towards capital projects, which may enhance the role of workers' remittances.
{"title":"Worker Remittances Compared to Other Elements of External Financing and Their Impact on Economic Growth and Human Capital in Jordan (1979-2015)","authors":"Eyad Moufaq Alkousini","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200805.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200805.14","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to measure the impact of the workers' remittances on economic growth in Jordan during the period 1979-2015 by enhancing human capital according to the theory of endogenous growth. For this purpose, time series analysis (cointegration tests and vector error correction model) is used. Corresponding it is found that all the series representing the variables are stationary at the first difference. The results also show that there are two cointegration vectors relating the variables. Therefore, the model was estimated using vector error correction model, which showed a long-term relationship between economic growth and explanatory variables. The estimate showed that there is a positive effect of statistical significance for each of the remittances of workers and foreign loans, and a positive effect that is not statistically significant for both foreign direct investment and foreign aid. The study concluded with several recommendations that we summarize regarding the importance of workers' remittances as an external source of financing, characterized by its relative stability, low costs and not being directly linked to any requirements, which makes it one of the most important external sources of financing in addition to a role in supporting the absorptive capacity of human capital and thus supporting economic growth and deepening the role of capital (capital deepening) and raise its productivity. On the other hand, the need to better direct the sources of external flows towards projects that support the absorptive capacity (knowledge, skills and experiences) of the workforce, by raising the proportion of foreign aid and foreign loans directed towards spending on education, training and skills acquisition, which enhances their role in the short and long term in economic growth as well as Towards capital projects, which may enhance the role of workers' remittances.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127217984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-22DOI: 10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200805.13
N. Shevchenko
The article is devoted to the evaluation of the current state of implementation of Ukraine’s foreign economic operations using cereal crops as an example. The dynamics and the structure of cereal crops products export and import over the past decades have been studied. The facts on increase in Ukraine’s export capacity exactly in the area of grain production were established. The world market of cereal crops products was considered and the share of Ukraine in world grain production, which currently does not exceed 2%, was separated. The state and trends in taxation of foreign economic operations with agricultural products were estimated. The interdependence of volumes of agricultural products imports and the customs duty, excise duty and value-added tax to the State Budget during 2005–2019 was established. The decrease in imports of Ukrainian agricultural products was defined, which affects the amount of tax revenues from indirect taxes. It is also established that the gradual cancellation of customs duty on agricultural products during the transition period will lead to the drop in the State Budget revenues and domestic products competitiveness if Ukraine does not take compulsory measures to improve its market quality and stability of positions.
{"title":"Analysis of Trends in Taxation and Foreign Economic Operations with Cereal Products in Ukraine","authors":"N. Shevchenko","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200805.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200805.13","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the evaluation of the current state of implementation of Ukraine’s foreign economic operations using cereal crops as an example. The dynamics and the structure of cereal crops products export and import over the past decades have been studied. The facts on increase in Ukraine’s export capacity exactly in the area of grain production were established. The world market of cereal crops products was considered and the share of Ukraine in world grain production, which currently does not exceed 2%, was separated. The state and trends in taxation of foreign economic operations with agricultural products were estimated. The interdependence of volumes of agricultural products imports and the customs duty, excise duty and value-added tax to the State Budget during 2005–2019 was established. The decrease in imports of Ukrainian agricultural products was defined, which affects the amount of tax revenues from indirect taxes. It is also established that the gradual cancellation of customs duty on agricultural products during the transition period will lead to the drop in the State Budget revenues and domestic products competitiveness if Ukraine does not take compulsory measures to improve its market quality and stability of positions.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128845181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-09DOI: 10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200805.12
Clement Chiahemba Ajekwe
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), in October 2012, crafted a National Financial Inclusion Strategy (NFIS) for achieving 80% overall financial inclusion by year 2020 from the base line figure of 46.3% in 2010. The CBN refreshed/revised the 2012 NFIS in 2018 to address changes in the regulatory and financial technology landscape with a view to accelerate achievement of the strategic objective of 80 per cent financial inclusion by the year 2020. This paper reviews relevant literature to assess efforts at expanding financial inclusion through the strategy encapsulated in NFIS (2018). Data was gathered from published sources (Enhancing Financial Innovation and Access in Nigeria Survey reports, World Bank Global Findex reports, the Central Bank of Nigeria; Interswitch & Nigeria Inter-Bank Settlement System annual reports) as well as supply-side data derived from statutory returns submitted by financial service providers to their respective regulatory agencies. Evidence from the study show that 2018 financial inclusion targets (products, channels, enablers, financial literacy & other initiatives for youth and gender inclusion) fell short of expectations, indicating that the 2020 targets are unlikely to be met. This study recommends that the identified critical challenges militating against financial inclusion expansion should be addressed. In particular, financial education among all stakeholders in the financial inclusion process should be instituted more purposively.
{"title":"Assessment of Efforts at Expanding Financial Inclusion in Nigeria","authors":"Clement Chiahemba Ajekwe","doi":"10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200805.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200805.12","url":null,"abstract":"The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), in October 2012, crafted a National Financial Inclusion Strategy (NFIS) for achieving 80% overall financial inclusion by year 2020 from the base line figure of 46.3% in 2010. The CBN refreshed/revised the 2012 NFIS in 2018 to address changes in the regulatory and financial technology landscape with a view to accelerate achievement of the strategic objective of 80 per cent financial inclusion by the year 2020. This paper reviews relevant literature to assess efforts at expanding financial inclusion through the strategy encapsulated in NFIS (2018). Data was gathered from published sources (Enhancing Financial Innovation and Access in Nigeria Survey reports, World Bank Global Findex reports, the Central Bank of Nigeria; Interswitch & Nigeria Inter-Bank Settlement System annual reports) as well as supply-side data derived from statutory returns submitted by financial service providers to their respective regulatory agencies. Evidence from the study show that 2018 financial inclusion targets (products, channels, enablers, financial literacy & other initiatives for youth and gender inclusion) fell short of expectations, indicating that the 2020 targets are unlikely to be met. This study recommends that the identified critical challenges militating against financial inclusion expansion should be addressed. In particular, financial education among all stakeholders in the financial inclusion process should be instituted more purposively.","PeriodicalId":258703,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125056883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-03DOI: 10.11648/J.IJEFM.20200805.11
G. Maci, Vincenzo Pacelli, Elisabetta D’Apolito
This study investigates the sporting and financial performances impacts of football clubs on stock price dynamics. The sample covers all the European football companies listed on the Stock Exchange over the period 2012-2017. The stock price formation process for listed football companies is investigated through a multiple regression model in which the share price is a function of several variables of listed European football companies, because the authors analyze the impact of both sports and financial and management performance on the share prices of the companies. Panel data fixed effects estimations are employed to mitigate endogeneity concerns and to control for within-firm dynamics. It was found that on market performance: i) positively impacts of sports performance; ii) positively impacts of economic performance; iii) positively impacts of asset and revenue diversification. This topic would be of interest to international investors and will push club managers to nurture their own corporate culture, which, in many cases, is still not in keeping with the size or pace of market development. These findings have important implications for investors as well as club managers. The empirical research provides useful implications to direct club managements towards best practices that will help football clubs access capital markets. Indeed, they present an encouragement for the improvement of the competitive results and the economic-financial performances.
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