Pub Date : 2025-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2025.118204
Baomei Zhou , Jinqiu Tao , Juan Hu , Chun-yang Zhang
The high morbidity and mortality rates of heart failure remain a challenge to global health. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) are important biomarkers for accurate diagnosis of heart failure. Herein, we construct a new surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform by integrating a silver nanoparticle (AgNP)-based plasmonic film with exonuclease I (Exo I)-driven recycling amplification for simultaneous monitoring of BNP and NT-proBNP. The AgNP-based plasmonic film is rapidly synthesized within 2 min with an interfacial self-assembly strategy. The presence of BNP and NT-proBNP can activate Exo I-driven recycling amplification, liberating numerous TAMRA and Cy3 molecules which can be quantified by AgNP-based plasmonic film-mediated SERS, with TAMRA indicating BNP and Cy3 indicating NT-proBNP. Taking advantage of excellent SERS activity of AgNP-based plasmonic film and high amplification efficiency of Exo I-driven recycling amplification, this SERS platform possesses good specificity and high sensitivity with a limit of detection of 8.7 fg/mL for BNP and 10 fg/mL for NT-proBNP, and it can discriminate BNP and NT-proBNP level in clinical blood samples from healthy participants and heart failure patients. Moreover, this SERS platform can be extended to detect other important biomarkers (e.g., miRNAs and enzymes) by simply changing the specific recognition sequences of probes, holding promising applications in clinical diagnosis and precise therapy.
{"title":"Ultrafast synthesis of AgNP-based plasmonic film for multiplexed detection of heart failure biomarkers","authors":"Baomei Zhou , Jinqiu Tao , Juan Hu , Chun-yang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high morbidity and mortality rates of heart failure remain a challenge to global health. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) are important biomarkers for accurate diagnosis of heart failure. Herein, we construct a new surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform by integrating a silver nanoparticle (AgNP)-based plasmonic film with exonuclease I (Exo I)-driven recycling amplification for simultaneous monitoring of BNP and NT-proBNP. The AgNP-based plasmonic film is rapidly synthesized within 2 min with an interfacial self-assembly strategy. The presence of BNP and NT-proBNP can activate Exo I-driven recycling amplification, liberating numerous TAMRA and Cy3 molecules which can be quantified by AgNP-based plasmonic film-mediated SERS, with TAMRA indicating BNP and Cy3 indicating NT-proBNP. Taking advantage of excellent SERS activity of AgNP-based plasmonic film and high amplification efficiency of Exo I-driven recycling amplification, this SERS platform possesses good specificity and high sensitivity with a limit of detection of 8.7 fg/mL for BNP and 10 fg/mL for NT-proBNP, and it can discriminate BNP and NT-proBNP level in clinical blood samples from healthy participants and heart failure patients. Moreover, this SERS platform can be extended to detect other important biomarkers (e.g., miRNAs and enzymes) by simply changing the specific recognition sequences of probes, holding promising applications in clinical diagnosis and precise therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118204"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145501369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), an important energy currency for maintaining life activities, has been widely regarded as a biomarker of disease diagnosis and an indicator of microbial contamination. However, most of the current ATP recognition relies on the specific recognition of aptamer or luciferase, which is prone to degradation and inactivation; and professional equipment is still needed for the signal output. Hence, it still remains challenging to achieve reliable and convenient detection of ATP in an equipment-free way. Herein, we developed a machine learning (ML)-assisted dual-amplified visual platform based on fluorescence metal-organic framework and photonic crystals (PCs) for the visualized and quantitative analysis of free and microbial ATP. Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs)-loaded zeolitic imidazole frameword-8 (ZIF-8) possessed enhanced fluorescence, which could specifically recognize ATP to produce signal variation. Benefiting from PCs-based fluorescence enhancement, visualization and quantification of ATP or E. coli with higher sensitivity could be achieved by capturing fluorescent images and analyzing digital color values. By detecting microbial ATP, E. coli level could be visualized and quantified with a wider linear range of 101−108 CFU mL−1 and a lower LOD of 3.54 CFU mL−1. The validation with E. coli-spiked complicated samples confirmed the feasibility and practical applicability of this sensing platform. Furthermore, five different ML models are designed for the regression quantification of ATP or E. coli with good predictive performance, offering an effective tool for food safety monitoring and clinical diagnosis.
{"title":"Machine learning-assisted dual-amplified visual platform based on fluorescent metal-organic framework and photonic crystals enables ATP detection for pathogen monitoring","authors":"Jiamin Ren, Xijin Yang, Zhihan Wen, Xiaoguang Gao, Fujing Jin, Yingqian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), an important energy currency for maintaining life activities, has been widely regarded as a biomarker of disease diagnosis and an indicator of microbial contamination. However, most of the current ATP recognition relies on the specific recognition of aptamer or luciferase, which is prone to degradation and inactivation; and professional equipment is still needed for the signal output. Hence, it still remains challenging to achieve reliable and convenient detection of ATP in an equipment-free way. Herein, we developed a machine learning (ML)-assisted dual-amplified visual platform based on fluorescence metal-organic framework and photonic crystals (PCs) for the visualized and quantitative analysis of free and microbial ATP. Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs)-loaded zeolitic imidazole frameword-8 (ZIF-8) possessed enhanced fluorescence, which could specifically recognize ATP to produce signal variation. Benefiting from PCs-based fluorescence enhancement, visualization and quantification of ATP or <em>E. coli</em> with higher sensitivity could be achieved by capturing fluorescent images and analyzing digital color values. By detecting microbial ATP, <em>E. coli</em> level could be visualized and quantified with a wider linear range of 10<sup>1</sup>−10<sup>8</sup> CFU mL<sup>−1</sup> and a lower LOD of 3.54 CFU mL<sup>−1</sup>. The validation with <em>E. coli</em>-spiked complicated samples confirmed the feasibility and practical applicability of this sensing platform. Furthermore, five different ML models are designed for the regression quantification of ATP or <em>E. coli</em> with good predictive performance, offering an effective tool for food safety monitoring and clinical diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118202"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145475252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2025.118164
Po-Yu Ho , Fei Wang , Chuen Kam , Likun Cai , Steven Diaz , Ye Chen , David W. McCamant , Wai-Yeung Wong , Sijie Chen
Accurate in-situ intracellular O2 measurements are highly desired for the study of O2-related physiology and pathology. Calibratable, ratiometric luminescent O2-responsive probes, which are self-referenced, are ideal for such applications. The common strategy for designing such probes involves the conjugation of a fluorophore and a phosphorophore. However, this dual-chromophore approach often results in a large molecular size and high photobleaching susceptibility. Here we report a single-chromophore-based dual-emission Pt(II) complex named PtQTAC for O2 sensing. PtQTAC has a simple structure and can be prepared with ease. Upon single excitation, PtQTAC simultaneously emits both fluorescence and phosphorescence, with well-separated spectra and balanced emission intensities. It shows a ratiometric response to O2 levels, which fits the Stern-Volmer equation. When incorporated into nanoparticles, PtQTAC retains its O2 sensitivity and could be readily taken up by cells. By detecting the signal from PtQTAC under a confocal microscope, intracellular O2 concentrations can be precisely mapped and quantified after calibration. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of intracellular O2 concentration quantification using a single-chromophore-based luminescent probe.
{"title":"Single-chromophore-based ratiometric O2 sensor for quantitative intracellular O2 mapping","authors":"Po-Yu Ho , Fei Wang , Chuen Kam , Likun Cai , Steven Diaz , Ye Chen , David W. McCamant , Wai-Yeung Wong , Sijie Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate in-situ intracellular O<sub>2</sub> measurements are highly desired for the study of O<sub>2</sub>-related physiology and pathology. Calibratable, ratiometric luminescent O<sub>2</sub>-responsive probes, which are self-referenced, are ideal for such applications. The common strategy for designing such probes involves the conjugation of a fluorophore and a phosphorophore. However, this dual-chromophore approach often results in a large molecular size and high photobleaching susceptibility. Here we report a single-chromophore-based dual-emission Pt(II) complex named PtQTAC for O<sub>2</sub> sensing. PtQTAC has a simple structure and can be prepared with ease. Upon single excitation, PtQTAC simultaneously emits both fluorescence and phosphorescence, with well-separated spectra and balanced emission intensities. It shows a ratiometric response to O<sub>2</sub> levels, which fits the Stern-Volmer equation. When incorporated into nanoparticles, PtQTAC retains its O<sub>2</sub> sensitivity and could be readily taken up by cells. By detecting the signal from PtQTAC under a confocal microscope, intracellular O<sub>2</sub> concentrations can be precisely mapped and quantified after calibration. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of intracellular O<sub>2</sub> concentration quantification using a single-chromophore-based luminescent probe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118164"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145511158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2025.118200
Yuanyuan Cai , Chuyuan Lin , Mingyang Wang , Yujiao Zhang , Guangze Sun , Lingxing Zeng , Aihua Liu
Various types of peroxidase mimics have been reported so far, among which horseradish peroxidase (HRP) mimicking nanozymes have been the most intensively studied. Lignin peroxidase (LiP), a main lignin-biodegrading enzyme class, is relatively complex to extract from white-rot fungi and suffers from poor stability and easy denaturation. Herein, we report a CoO-Co2VO4/C nanocomposite with nanosphere and flaky flower structure prepared by a simple one-step solvothermal method, which exhibits both excellent LiP-like and HRP-like activities. This LiP-mimicking nanozyme can catalyze H2O2 to selectively oxidize the common model substrate veratryl alcohol (VA) to veratraldehyde. Interestingly, the LiP-like activity outperforms at pH 8.0 with the catalytic mechanism originating from oxygen vacancies, while the HRP-like activity is excellent at pH 4.0 with the catalytic mechanism originating from singlet oxygen. CoO-Co2VO4/C strictly follows the enzymatic kinetics with a high catalytic rate. H2O2 is both an activator and an inhibitor of the LiP mimic. Based on this LiP-mimicking activity, a sensitive and rapid VA sensing platform was established. The sensing platform achieved a detection limit for VA of 0.021 mM. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to assay VA in fungal metabolite culture filtrates, and the results were consistent with those obtained by traditional high-performance liquid chromatography. Given that CoO-Co2VO4/C demonstrates both excellent LiP-like and HRP-like activities under different pH conditions, it holds great potential for a wide range of applications.
{"title":"A novel lignin peroxidase-mimicking by CoO-Co2VO4/C nanocomposite and its application in sensing fungal metabolite veratryl alcohol","authors":"Yuanyuan Cai , Chuyuan Lin , Mingyang Wang , Yujiao Zhang , Guangze Sun , Lingxing Zeng , Aihua Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various types of peroxidase mimics have been reported so far, among which horseradish peroxidase (HRP) mimicking nanozymes have been the most intensively studied. Lignin peroxidase (LiP), a main lignin-biodegrading enzyme class, is relatively complex to extract from white-rot fungi and suffers from poor stability and easy denaturation. Herein, we report a CoO-Co<sub>2</sub>VO<sub>4</sub>/C nanocomposite with nanosphere and flaky flower structure prepared by a simple one-step solvothermal method, which exhibits both excellent LiP-like and HRP-like activities. This LiP-mimicking nanozyme can catalyze H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> to selectively oxidize the common model substrate veratryl alcohol (VA) to veratraldehyde. Interestingly, the LiP-like activity outperforms at pH 8.0 with the catalytic mechanism originating from oxygen vacancies, while the HRP-like activity is excellent at pH 4.0 with the catalytic mechanism originating from singlet oxygen. CoO-Co<sub>2</sub>VO<sub>4</sub>/C strictly follows the enzymatic kinetics with a high catalytic rate. H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> is both an activator and an inhibitor of the LiP mimic. Based on this LiP-mimicking activity, a sensitive and rapid VA sensing platform was established. The sensing platform achieved a detection limit for VA of 0.021 mM. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to assay VA in fungal metabolite culture filtrates, and the results were consistent with those obtained by traditional high-performance liquid chromatography. Given that CoO-Co<sub>2</sub>VO<sub>4</sub>/C demonstrates both excellent LiP-like and HRP-like activities under different pH conditions, it holds great potential for a wide range of applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118200"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145470311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2025.118163
Tuukka Panula , Inka Mustajoki , Tomi Jaakola , Tarja Niemi , Matti Kaisti
This study evaluates the potential for the use of low-cost discrete optical semiconductors, specifically light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and a photodiode, for non-invasive measurement of microvascular tissue oxygen saturation (StO). StO is a crucial biomarker in monitoring microvascular function and tissue viability. Spectrometer-based methods typically use complex and expensive equipment, with the cost per patient potentially amounting to hundreds of dollars. This study aims to provide understanding of tissue–light interaction with broader implications extending to applications such as photoplethysmography (PPG). Our approach involves a system that includes three specifically selected LEDs coupled with a photodiode, focusing on assessing microvascular StO. The methodology includes several phases: in vitro calibration using a controlled deoxygenation process in a liquid tissue phantom, computational simulations to estimate the penetration depths of selected LED wavelengths, an analysis of the effects of variability in LED output on measurement accuracy, and a preliminary human study. Results from the in vitro experiments demonstrated a root mean square error of 3.9 StO-% between a spectrometer reference and our technique. The human study including baseline, occlusion and post-occlusion StO measurements in six volunteers resulted in 76.0, 52.6 and 77.5 StO-%, respectively. Computational simulations confirmed the effective penetration of selected wavelengths into targeted microvascular layers. The intrinsic and external factors affecting the measurement accuracy were analyzed. The findings support the feasibility of a cost-effective, simplified, and effective system for continuous monitoring of microvascular tissue oxygenation.
{"title":"Feasibility of continuous microvascular tissue oxygenation monitoring using discrete optical semiconductor devices","authors":"Tuukka Panula , Inka Mustajoki , Tomi Jaakola , Tarja Niemi , Matti Kaisti","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the potential for the use of low-cost discrete optical semiconductors, specifically light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and a photodiode, for non-invasive measurement of microvascular tissue oxygen saturation (StO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>). StO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> is a crucial biomarker in monitoring microvascular function and tissue viability. Spectrometer-based methods typically use complex and expensive equipment, with the cost per patient potentially amounting to hundreds of dollars. This study aims to provide understanding of tissue–light interaction with broader implications extending to applications such as photoplethysmography (PPG). Our approach involves a system that includes three specifically selected LEDs coupled with a photodiode, focusing on assessing microvascular StO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>. The methodology includes several phases: <em>in vitro</em> calibration using a controlled deoxygenation process in a liquid tissue phantom, computational simulations to estimate the penetration depths of selected LED wavelengths, an analysis of the effects of variability in LED output on measurement accuracy, and a preliminary human study. Results from the <em>in vitro</em> experiments demonstrated a root mean square error of 3.9 StO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-% between a spectrometer reference and our technique. The human study including baseline, occlusion and post-occlusion StO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> measurements in six volunteers resulted in 76.0, 52.6 and 77.5 StO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-%, respectively. Computational simulations confirmed the effective penetration of selected wavelengths into targeted microvascular layers. The intrinsic and external factors affecting the measurement accuracy were analyzed. The findings support the feasibility of a cost-effective, simplified, and effective system for continuous monitoring of microvascular tissue oxygenation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118163"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2025.118201
Chenxu Song , Huanlong Zheng , Jinbei Wei , Bai Li , Chenguang Wang , Geyu Lu
Near-infrared-II (NIR-II) fluorophores with the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) character have attracted extensive attention due to their significant potential in bioimaging applications. While such molecules typically adopt a donor-π-acceptor-π-donor (D-π-A-π-D) molecular architecture, the limited variety of donor units (e.g., triphenylamine or tetraphenylethylene derivatives) directly constrains the development of new NIR-II AIE molecules. To address this issue, herein for the first time N-phenyl-tribenzo[b,d,f]azepine (PTZ) is employed as a novel donor group for constructing NIR-II AIE molecules. In detail, two new AIE molecules, TT-PTZ and ST-PTZ, are synthesized using PTZ as the donor, hexylthiophene as the π-bridge, and benzobisthiadiazole or Se-substituted benzobisthiadiazole as the acceptor. Photophysical studies reveal that both molecules exhibit strong NIR-II emission in nanoparticles (NPs). Particularly, compared to the benchmark molecule 2TT-oC6B (NPs: fluorescence quantum yield ΦF of 8.4 %) which employs a classical triphenylamine donor, the counterpart analog TT-PTZ with the PTZ donor displays much stronger emission (NPs: ΦF of 26.1 %), highlighting the superiority of this saddle-shaped PTZ donor. Transient absorption spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the non-radiative decays are significantly suppressed in the aggregated state, thus resulting in strong emission. The application of ST-PTZ NPs in NIR-II vascular imaging enables clear observation of capillaries, achieving a high resolution with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 57.9 μm, which represents one of the best performances reported to date for NIR-II macroscopic fluorescence imaging. Furthermore, ST-PTZ NPs are employed for NIR-II fluorescence imaging-guided tumor resection, demonstrating precise fluorescence navigation capabilities.
{"title":"Employing N-phenyl-tribenzo[b,d,f]azepine as a new electron-donating group to construct high-emissive AIE molecules for NIR-II fluorescence imaging","authors":"Chenxu Song , Huanlong Zheng , Jinbei Wei , Bai Li , Chenguang Wang , Geyu Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Near-infrared-II (NIR-II) fluorophores with the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) character have attracted extensive attention due to their significant potential in bioimaging applications. While such molecules typically adopt a donor-π-acceptor-π-donor (D-π-A-π-D) molecular architecture, the limited variety of donor units (<em>e.g.,</em> triphenylamine or tetraphenylethylene derivatives) directly constrains the development of new NIR-II AIE molecules. To address this issue, herein for the first time <em>N</em>-phenyl-tribenzo[<em>b</em>,<em>d</em>,<em>f</em>]azepine (PTZ) is employed as a novel donor group for constructing NIR-II AIE molecules. In detail, two new AIE molecules, <strong>TT-PTZ</strong> and <strong>ST-PTZ</strong>, are synthesized using PTZ as the donor, hexylthiophene as the π-bridge, and benzobisthiadiazole or Se-substituted benzobisthiadiazole as the acceptor. Photophysical studies reveal that both molecules exhibit strong NIR-II emission in nanoparticles (NPs). Particularly, compared to the benchmark molecule <strong>2</strong><strong>TT-oC6B</strong> (NPs: fluorescence quantum yield <em>Φ</em><sub>F</sub> of 8.4 %) which employs a classical triphenylamine donor, the counterpart analog <strong>TT-PTZ</strong> with the PTZ donor displays much stronger emission (NPs: <em>Φ</em><sub>F</sub> of 26.1 %), highlighting the superiority of this saddle-shaped PTZ donor. Transient absorption spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the non-radiative decays are significantly suppressed in the aggregated state, thus resulting in strong emission. The application of <strong>ST-PTZ</strong> NPs in NIR-II vascular imaging enables clear observation of capillaries, achieving a high resolution with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 57.9 μm, which represents one of the best performances reported to date for NIR-II macroscopic fluorescence imaging. Furthermore, <strong>ST-PTZ</strong> NPs are employed for NIR-II fluorescence imaging-guided tumor resection, demonstrating precise fluorescence navigation capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118201"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145475251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-03DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2025.118167
Jie He , Mengxin Deng , Shijian Huang , Huwei Wang , Jiamei Chen , Zheng Yin , Waqas Khalid , Song Wang , Mingliang Jin , Lingling Shui , Zhenping Liu
Early and precise diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is crucial for reducing mortality and improving therapeutic outcomes in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Integrated detection of multiple biomarkers, creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and myoglobin (Mb), provides a reliable strategy for timely AMI diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Herein, an integrated electrochemical aptasensor array modified with multilayered honeycomb-like porous structure carbonized ZIF67 (h-porous C-ZIF67) was designed and constructed for multiplex detection of CK-MB, cTnI and Mb in plasma samples. The laser-etched electrode array provided uniform and well-defined sensing units, while the h-porous C-ZIF67 modifier was constructed in situ using opal template transfer, precursor infiltration, spin coating, and high-temperature carbonization. Aptamers specific toward each biomarker were immobilized on the modified surface, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-catalyzed signal amplification enhanced detection sensitivity. The aptasensor array demonstrated wide linear ranges (1.0 pg/mL–100.0 ng/mL) and low detection limits of 0.38 pg/mL, 0.03 pg/mL, and 0.42 pg/mL for CK-MB, cTnI, and Mb, respectively. The layer-by-layer assembly provided precise control over modifier thickness and architecture, addressing reproducibility issues associated with conventional surface modification. By integrating tunable porous modifiers, multiplexed electrode units, aptamer recognition, and catalytic amplification, the platform achieved rapid, sensitive, and quantitative multiplex analysis of the AMI biomarkers. Compared with conventional immunoassays, the array demonstrated shorter detection time, improved reproducibility, and robust multiplexing capability. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed aptasensor array as a point-of-care testing (POCT) platform for early AMI diagnosis and broader clinical applications.
{"title":"Precisely engineered honeycomb-like C-ZIF67 aptasensor array for integrated detection of multiple cardiac biomarkers in AMI diagnosis","authors":"Jie He , Mengxin Deng , Shijian Huang , Huwei Wang , Jiamei Chen , Zheng Yin , Waqas Khalid , Song Wang , Mingliang Jin , Lingling Shui , Zhenping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early and precise diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is crucial for reducing mortality and improving therapeutic outcomes in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Integrated detection of multiple biomarkers, creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and myoglobin (Mb), provides a reliable strategy for timely AMI diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Herein, an integrated electrochemical aptasensor array modified with multilayered honeycomb-like porous structure carbonized ZIF<sub>67</sub> (<em>h</em>-porous C-ZIF<sub>67</sub>) was designed and constructed for multiplex detection of CK-MB, cTnI and Mb in plasma samples. The laser-etched electrode array provided uniform and well-defined sensing units, while the <em>h</em><strong>-</strong>porous C-ZIF<sub>67</sub> modifier was constructed <em>in situ</em> using opal template transfer, precursor infiltration, spin coating, and high-temperature carbonization. Aptamers specific toward each biomarker were immobilized on the modified surface, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-catalyzed signal amplification enhanced detection sensitivity. The aptasensor array demonstrated wide linear ranges (1.0 pg/mL–100.0 ng/mL) and low detection limits of 0.38 pg/mL, 0.03 pg/mL, and 0.42 pg/mL for CK-MB, cTnI, and Mb, respectively. The layer-by-layer assembly provided precise control over modifier thickness and architecture, addressing reproducibility issues associated with conventional surface modification. By integrating tunable porous modifiers, multiplexed electrode units, aptamer recognition, and catalytic amplification, the platform achieved rapid, sensitive, and quantitative multiplex analysis of the AMI biomarkers. Compared with conventional immunoassays, the array demonstrated shorter detection time, improved reproducibility, and robust multiplexing capability. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed aptasensor array as a point-of-care testing (POCT) platform for early AMI diagnosis and broader clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"293 ","pages":"Article 118167"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145436686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-03DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2025.118198
Kyung Won Lee , Yangwon Jin , Soo A Park , Yujeong Oh , Hyemin Song , Yu Jin Sung , Kyung Hee Song , Hyunjin Yoon , Hyun C. Yoon
The widespread use of antibiotics has accelerated the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, posing a significant threat to global public health. This resistance is often mediated by plasmids that transfer antibiotic resistance genes between bacteria, converting susceptible strains into resistant ones. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for diagnostic platforms capable of simultaneously identifying both the genomic DNA of pathogenic bacteria and plasmid-encoded resistance genes to guide effective treatment and limit the spread of resistant infections. While conventional multiplex molecular diagnostic tools, such as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), offer high sensitivity, they require thermocyclers and complex fluorescence optics. To overcome these limitations, we developed a simplified platform that integrates loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with a retroreflective Janus microparticle (RJP)-based non-spectroscopic optical detection approach. Under isothermal conditions, dual-labeled DNA amplicons are generated with an antigenic small molecule on one end and biotin on the other. These amplicons are selectively captured via antigen-antibody interactions on a sensing surface, and the signal is transduced through binding to avidin-coated RJPs, which are visualized using only an LED and a standard camera. This approach enables multiplexed detection of distinct DNA targets using a single type of RJP probe. As a model assay, we simultaneously detected the invA gene of Salmonella typhimurium, a major foodborne pathogen, and the plasmid-encoded tetA gene responsible for tetracycline resistance. Both genes similarly obtained LOD values at the level of 0.59 CFU/reaction (equivalent to 196 CFU/mL), with detection ranging from 1-104 CFU/reaction (equivalent to 3.3 × 101 - 3.3 × 105 CFU/mL). The platform is especially valuable in field applications where rapid identification and resistance profiling are critical, such as pre-screening in the food supply chain or during outbreak response. Our system offers robust, multiplex molecular diagnostics on a single chip, with strong potential for point-of-care use in both food safety and clinical settings.
{"title":"Non-spectroscopic multiplex molecular diagnosis for simultaneous detection of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes from pathogenic bacteria","authors":"Kyung Won Lee , Yangwon Jin , Soo A Park , Yujeong Oh , Hyemin Song , Yu Jin Sung , Kyung Hee Song , Hyunjin Yoon , Hyun C. Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of antibiotics has accelerated the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, posing a significant threat to global public health. This resistance is often mediated by plasmids that transfer antibiotic resistance genes between bacteria, converting susceptible strains into resistant ones. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for diagnostic platforms capable of simultaneously identifying both the genomic DNA of pathogenic bacteria and plasmid-encoded resistance genes to guide effective treatment and limit the spread of resistant infections. While conventional multiplex molecular diagnostic tools, such as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), offer high sensitivity, they require thermocyclers and complex fluorescence optics. To overcome these limitations, we developed a simplified platform that integrates loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with a retroreflective Janus microparticle (RJP)-based non-spectroscopic optical detection approach. Under isothermal conditions, dual-labeled DNA amplicons are generated with an antigenic small molecule on one end and biotin on the other. These amplicons are selectively captured via antigen-antibody interactions on a sensing surface, and the signal is transduced through binding to avidin-coated RJPs, which are visualized using only an LED and a standard camera. This approach enables multiplexed detection of distinct DNA targets using a single type of RJP probe. As a model assay, we simultaneously detected the <em>invA</em> gene of <em>Salmonella typhimurium</em>, a major foodborne pathogen, and the plasmid-encoded <em>tetA</em> gene responsible for tetracycline resistance. Both genes similarly obtained LOD values at the level of 0.59 CFU/reaction (equivalent to 196 CFU/mL), with detection ranging from 1-10<sup>4</sup> CFU/reaction (equivalent to 3.3 × 10<sup>1</sup> - 3.3 × 10<sup>5</sup> CFU/mL). The platform is especially valuable in field applications where rapid identification and resistance profiling are critical, such as pre-screening in the food supply chain or during outbreak response. Our system offers robust, multiplex molecular diagnostics on a single chip, with strong potential for point-of-care use in both food safety and clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118198"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145457107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-02DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2025.118196
Hui Zhang , Shuangyi Ying , Xiaoxin Tan , Jing Wang , Guanghua Li , Xueli Liu , Hongyuan Yan , Kai Kang
Accurate and sensitive detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is essential for ensuring food safety. In this study, a nanozyme-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor was developed through a triple signal amplification strategy. A hollow-structured h-CdS coupled with TiO2 formed a highly efficient heterojunction that enhanced light absorption, light scattering, and charge separation, resulting in significantly improved photoelectric conversion efficiency. A single-atom Fe-MNC nanozyme possessing both peroxidase- and oxidase-like activities was synthesized via a cascade anchoring strategy, successfully catalyzing a biocatalytic precipitation (BCP) reaction for signal amplification. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further validated the energy band structure of the heterojunction and the catalytic superiority of Fe-MNC. Additionally, a hybridization chain reaction (HCR) was rationally designed based on the AFB1 aptamer to achieve target-specific recognition and probe amplification. By integrating these three synergistic elements, the constructed nanozyme-based PEC aptasensor enabled highly sensitive detection of AFB1 with a detection limit of 2.04 fg/mL and a linear range from 0.005 to 100 pg/mL. The sensor demonstrated excellent stability and selectivity and showed good agreement with HPLC results when applied to real sample analysis, highlighting its practical potential for food safety monitoring.
{"title":"Triple signal enhancement in a dual-enzyme-mimicking single-atom Fe nanozyme-based photoelectrochemical aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of aflatoxin B1","authors":"Hui Zhang , Shuangyi Ying , Xiaoxin Tan , Jing Wang , Guanghua Li , Xueli Liu , Hongyuan Yan , Kai Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate and sensitive detection of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is essential for ensuring food safety. In this study, a nanozyme-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor was developed through a triple signal amplification strategy. A hollow-structured h-CdS coupled with TiO<sub>2</sub> formed a highly efficient heterojunction that enhanced light absorption, light scattering, and charge separation, resulting in significantly improved photoelectric conversion efficiency. A single-atom Fe-MNC nanozyme possessing both peroxidase- and oxidase-like activities was synthesized via a cascade anchoring strategy, successfully catalyzing a biocatalytic precipitation (BCP) reaction for signal amplification. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further validated the energy band structure of the heterojunction and the catalytic superiority of Fe-MNC. Additionally, a hybridization chain reaction (HCR) was rationally designed based on the AFB1 aptamer to achieve target-specific recognition and probe amplification. By integrating these three synergistic elements, the constructed nanozyme-based PEC aptasensor enabled highly sensitive detection of AFB1 with a detection limit of 2.04 fg/mL and a linear range from 0.005 to 100 pg/mL. The sensor demonstrated excellent stability and selectivity and showed good agreement with HPLC results when applied to real sample analysis, highlighting its practical potential for food safety monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118196"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145428858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-02DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2025.118197
Wenchao Geng , Xinxin Yuan , Jiarui Wei , Zhiyi Yan , Mengjiao Mei , Shang Chen , Ruiying Yang
Herein, a renewable polarity-switchable PEC biosensor is reported for a highly sensitive and selective assay of circRNA in human whole blood, and machine learning is exploited to assist in the circRNA intelligent diagnosis. The target circRNA-DNA3 binary structure can hybridize competitively with DNA2 in triple helix molecular to generate three-way junction probe, and Exo Ⅲ specifically cleaves DNA2 to release the circRNA-DNA3 binary complex for signal cyclic amplification. Then, Cu2O nanospheres are introduced into PEC platform, leading to the switching from anodic to cathodic photocurrents. Interestingly, biotin can competitively bind to Cu2O-SA, making the ITO/CdS/T-COF/CS/DNA1 electrode reusable for circRNA analysis. The built PEC biosensor exhibits a low detection limit (7.6 aM), excellent selectivity and satisfactory renewability. Moreover, the developed PEC biosensor for human whole blood circSATB2 assay can effectively distinguish lung cancer patients from healthy individuals (P < 0.001). Importantly, the machine learning is adopted to explore the potential pattern hidden in PEC data, and the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of circRNA intelligent diagnosis all reach 100 %. Machine learning-assisted renewable polarity-switchable PEC biosensor provides a new approach for circRNA analysis and early intelligent diagnosis of cancer.
{"title":"Machine learning-assisted renewable and polarity-switchable photoelectrochemical biosensor for circRNA intelligent diagnosis","authors":"Wenchao Geng , Xinxin Yuan , Jiarui Wei , Zhiyi Yan , Mengjiao Mei , Shang Chen , Ruiying Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.118197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, a renewable polarity-switchable PEC biosensor is reported for a highly sensitive and selective assay of circRNA in human whole blood, and machine learning is exploited to assist in the circRNA intelligent diagnosis. The target circRNA-DNA3 binary structure can hybridize competitively with DNA2 in triple helix molecular to generate three-way junction probe, and Exo Ⅲ specifically cleaves DNA2 to release the circRNA-DNA3 binary complex for signal cyclic amplification. Then, Cu<sub>2</sub>O nanospheres are introduced into PEC platform, leading to the switching from anodic to cathodic photocurrents. Interestingly, biotin can competitively bind to Cu<sub>2</sub>O-SA, making the ITO/CdS/T-COF/CS/DNA1 electrode reusable for circRNA analysis. The built PEC biosensor exhibits a low detection limit (7.6 aM), excellent selectivity and satisfactory renewability. Moreover, the developed PEC biosensor for human whole blood circSATB2 assay can effectively distinguish lung cancer patients from healthy individuals (<em>P</em> < 0.001). Importantly, the machine learning is adopted to explore the potential pattern hidden in PEC data, and the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of circRNA intelligent diagnosis all reach 100 %. Machine learning-assisted renewable polarity-switchable PEC biosensor provides a new approach for circRNA analysis and early intelligent diagnosis of cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 118197"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145428861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号