Pub Date : 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2026.118441
Tianchen Du, Feng Ding, Xiaoxin Ma, Yi Luo, Dan Zhu, Lianhui Wang, Shao Su
Rapid and ultrasensitive detection of emerging infectious diseases is critical for public health security. Herein, an electrochemical biosensor was developed for ultrasensitive detection of monkeypox virus (MPXV) by integrating CRISPR/Cas12a-driven signal amplification strategy with tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN)-based sensing interface. The added MPXV DNA can efficiently activate the cleavage activity of Cas12a protein, thereby mediating the CRISPR-driven hybridization chain reaction (HCR) on TDN sensing interface. The horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled HCR product can catalyze 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) reaction to generate an amplified electrochemical signal. Based on the signal change, the CRISPR-driven electrochemical biosensor exhibited better detection performance comparable to those of pre-amplification CRISPR-based biosensors for MPXV detection, including wide linear range, an ultralow detection limit, exceptional selectivity against non-target viruses (CPXV, ETCV, VZV, HSV), high reproducibility and accepted stability. Integrated with a smartphone-based portable device, the designed point-of-care testing (POCT) electrochemical biosensor can accurately detect MPXV in 10 % human saliva. This work provides a promising sensing platform for rapid, accurate and on-site detection of infectious diseases.
{"title":"Ultrasensitive detection of monkeypox virus: harnessing synergistic CRISPR-driven signal amplification on a DNA tetrahedron-mediated sensing interface","authors":"Tianchen Du, Feng Ding, Xiaoxin Ma, Yi Luo, Dan Zhu, Lianhui Wang, Shao Su","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid and ultrasensitive detection of emerging infectious diseases is critical for public health security. Herein, an electrochemical biosensor was developed for ultrasensitive detection of monkeypox virus (MPXV) by integrating CRISPR/Cas12a-driven signal amplification strategy with tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN)-based sensing interface. The added MPXV DNA can efficiently activate the cleavage activity of Cas12a protein, thereby mediating the CRISPR-driven hybridization chain reaction (HCR) on TDN sensing interface. The horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled HCR product can catalyze 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) reaction to generate an amplified electrochemical signal. Based on the signal change, the CRISPR-driven electrochemical biosensor exhibited better detection performance comparable to those of pre-amplification CRISPR-based biosensors for MPXV detection, including wide linear range, an ultralow detection limit, exceptional selectivity against non-target viruses (CPXV, ETCV, VZV, HSV), high reproducibility and accepted stability. Integrated with a smartphone-based portable device, the designed point-of-care testing (POCT) electrochemical biosensor can accurately detect MPXV in 10 % human saliva. This work provides a promising sensing platform for rapid, accurate and on-site detection of infectious diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 118441"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146058376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liquid biopsy is a promising approach for non-invasive disease monitoring, offering the potential for frequent sampling and early risk assessment. Among various biofluids, saliva is particularly well-suited for daily sampling due to its ease of collection and minimal invasiveness. Here, we present a cellulose nanofiber sheet as a novel platform for the rapid, low-volume recovery and stable storage of miRNAs associated with small extracellular vesicles in saliva. The sheet captures vesicles via its nanoscale porous networks and preserves their contents at room temperature, enabling efficient extraction of vesicle-associated miRNAs. Compared to ultracentrifugation, the method demonstrated superior miRNA recovery and required only 10 μL of saliva and less than 1 min of processing. Analysis of salivary miRNA profiles from healthy individuals and cancer patients revealed distinct expression patterns, enabling identification of candidate cancer-related miRNAs. Furthermore, daily saliva sampling during 20 days demonstrated the feasibility of longitudinal miRNA profiling and highlighted the effects of factors such as food intake. These findings underscore the potential of cellulose nanofiber sheets as a practical tool for salivary miRNA monitoring, with applications in personalized health management, early risk detection, and decentralized testing environments.
{"title":"Routine monitoring of microRNAs in salivary exosomes using a cellulose nanofiber sheet","authors":"Taiga Ajiri , Min Zhang , Naoya Mizukami , Mikiko Iida , Shota Kawaguchi , Yurie Sekihara , Kunanon Chattrairat , Zetao Zhu , Yoshinobu Baba , Hirotaka Koga , Takao Yasui","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liquid biopsy is a promising approach for non-invasive disease monitoring, offering the potential for frequent sampling and early risk assessment. Among various biofluids, saliva is particularly well-suited for daily sampling due to its ease of collection and minimal invasiveness. Here, we present a cellulose nanofiber sheet as a novel platform for the rapid, low-volume recovery and stable storage of miRNAs associated with small extracellular vesicles in saliva. The sheet captures vesicles via its nanoscale porous networks and preserves their contents at room temperature, enabling efficient extraction of vesicle-associated miRNAs. Compared to ultracentrifugation, the method demonstrated superior miRNA recovery and required only 10 μL of saliva and less than 1 min of processing. Analysis of salivary miRNA profiles from healthy individuals and cancer patients revealed distinct expression patterns, enabling identification of candidate cancer-related miRNAs. Furthermore, daily saliva sampling during 20 days demonstrated the feasibility of longitudinal miRNA profiling and highlighted the effects of factors such as food intake. These findings underscore the potential of cellulose nanofiber sheets as a practical tool for salivary miRNA monitoring, with applications in personalized health management, early risk detection, and decentralized testing environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 118436"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146049224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2026.118434
Kanglin Zhao , Hao Bai , Ziqi Sha , Xinpeng Hu , Yan Zhang , Xuxiang Zhang
A bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) biosensor was developed for rapid, dilution-free quantification of high-strength nitrate in wastewater. The sensor integrates the Escherichia coli nitrate receptor NarX with a high-brightness NLuc/VenusΔC10 reported pair and was optimized by computationally guided mutagenesis (NarXV138W), structure-informed terminal truncation, and assay parameter tuning. The optimized construct, VenusΔC12–N5NarXV138WΔC3–ΔN4NLuc, enabled accurate quantification from 0.0781 to 2.5710 g/L (as N) with a four-parameter logistic fit (R2 = 0.999) and a ΔBRET of 0.28 after ∼500 s equilibration. Measurements proceeded under mild aqueous conditions and showed strong agreement with UV–visible spectrophotometry in both simulated and real water samples, eliminating the need for extensive dilution. Circular dichroism and mass spectrometry analyses revealed nitrate-dependent structural changes that are supportive of ligand-induced signaling mechanisms. To our knowledge, this represents the first BRET-based biosensing platform tailored to industrial-range nitrate detection, offering a simple, ratiometric, and reagent-efficient approach suitable for in situ monitoring of industrial and municipal effluents.
{"title":"A structure-optimized BRET biosensor for rapid, dilution-free quantification of high-strength nitrate in wastewater","authors":"Kanglin Zhao , Hao Bai , Ziqi Sha , Xinpeng Hu , Yan Zhang , Xuxiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) biosensor was developed for rapid, dilution-free quantification of high-strength nitrate in wastewater. The sensor integrates the <em>Escherichia coli</em> nitrate receptor NarX with a high-brightness NLuc/VenusΔC10 reported pair and was optimized by computationally guided mutagenesis (NarXV138W), structure-informed terminal truncation, and assay parameter tuning. The optimized construct, VenusΔC12–N5NarXV138WΔC3–ΔN4NLuc, enabled accurate quantification from 0.0781 to 2.5710 g/L (as N) with a four-parameter logistic fit (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.999) and a ΔBRET of 0.28 after ∼500 s equilibration. Measurements proceeded under mild aqueous conditions and showed strong agreement with UV–visible spectrophotometry in both simulated and real water samples, eliminating the need for extensive dilution. Circular dichroism and mass spectrometry analyses revealed nitrate-dependent structural changes that are supportive of ligand-induced signaling mechanisms. To our knowledge, this represents the first BRET-based biosensing platform tailored to industrial-range nitrate detection, offering a simple, ratiometric, and reagent-efficient approach suitable for <em>in situ</em> monitoring of industrial and municipal effluents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 118434"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146049805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2026.118437
Hsiao-Chu Chiu, Cheng-Kuan Su
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is commonly used to detect and quantify antibiotics in food samples. To realize on-site chloramphenicol (CAP) ELISA without any chromogenic or fluorogenic analysis, we utilized the digital light processing four-dimensional printing (4DP) technique and 2,2′-(ethyl enedioxy)diethanethiol (EDT)-incorporated resins to fabricate a panel meter featuring a redox-responsive needle. It exhibited [hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)]-dependent bending when the oxidation of the thioether groups in the copolymer induced imbalanced swelling between the printed EDT-incorporated and nonresponsive layers. We optimized the coating of anti-CAP antibodies on the panel surfaces to perform competitive ELISA. Based on the competition between CAP and CAP-labeled horseradish peroxidase (CAP-HRP), the bound CAP-HRP eliminated the additionally added H2O2, resulting in [CAP]-dependent bending of the needle, with a method detection limit of 2.5 pg mL−1. We validated the reliability and applicability of this analytical method by analyzing salmon, shrimp, white meat, pork, honey, and milk samples with their spike analyses and compared the results with those obtained from conventional ELISA, using 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine as a chromogenic substrate and a microplate reader for detection. Our results demonstrate the capability and applicability of 4DP technologies in fabricating smart redox-responsive sensing devices to advance conventional immunochemical assays for on-site quantitative chemical analyses.
{"title":"4D-printed ELISA needle panel meter","authors":"Hsiao-Chu Chiu, Cheng-Kuan Su","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is commonly used to detect and quantify antibiotics in food samples. To realize on-site chloramphenicol (CAP) ELISA without any chromogenic or fluorogenic analysis, we utilized the digital light processing four-dimensional printing (4DP) technique and 2,2′-(ethyl enedioxy)diethanethiol (EDT)-incorporated resins to fabricate a panel meter featuring a redox-responsive needle. It exhibited [hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)]-dependent bending when the oxidation of the thioether groups in the copolymer induced imbalanced swelling between the printed EDT-incorporated and nonresponsive layers. We optimized the coating of anti-CAP antibodies on the panel surfaces to perform competitive ELISA. Based on the competition between CAP and CAP-labeled horseradish peroxidase (CAP-HRP), the bound CAP-HRP eliminated the additionally added H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, resulting in [CAP]-dependent bending of the needle, with a method detection limit of 2.5 pg mL<sup>−1</sup>. We validated the reliability and applicability of this analytical method by analyzing salmon, shrimp, white meat, pork, honey, and milk samples with their spike analyses and compared the results with those obtained from conventional ELISA, using 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine as a chromogenic substrate and a microplate reader for detection. Our results demonstrate the capability and applicability of 4DP technologies in fabricating smart redox-responsive sensing devices to advance conventional immunochemical assays for on-site quantitative chemical analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 118437"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2026.118430
Peijuan Xie , Xueli Wang , Haiyan Wang , Huanxin Xue , Sijia He , Longfei Li , Man Shing Wong , Xiaoqiang Qiao
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized as promising biomarkers for central nervous system diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, early and accurate AD diagnosis remains challenging due to the extremely low abundance of relevant biomarkers in body fluids. Here, we present an ultrasensitive and reliable platform for quantifying trace levels of EVs-associated Aβ1-42 oligomers (EVs@Aβ1-42) in plasma. The method integrates UiO-66-B(OH)2 nanomaterials for high-efficiency enrichment of EVs with the i-SQM “turn-on” fluorescent probe, which selectively responds to Aβ1-42 oligomers. This combined strategy enables rapid quantification within minutes and provides a large fluorescence enhancement with excellent signal-to-noise ratio, achieving femtomolar-level sensitivity. In clinical samples, the platform successfully distinguishes AD patients from cognitively normal individuals with 100 % sensitivity and 96.3 % specificity. Overall, this EVs-based detection system offers a practical, low-cost, and non-invasive approach for plasma biomarker analysis and holds strong potential for early AD diagnosis.
{"title":"Ultrasensitive extracellular vesicles-associated amyloid-β1-42 oligomers analytical platform for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Peijuan Xie , Xueli Wang , Haiyan Wang , Huanxin Xue , Sijia He , Longfei Li , Man Shing Wong , Xiaoqiang Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly recognized as promising biomarkers for central nervous system diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, early and accurate AD diagnosis remains challenging due to the extremely low abundance of relevant biomarkers in body fluids. Here, we present an ultrasensitive and reliable platform for quantifying trace levels of EVs-associated Aβ<sub>1-42</sub> oligomers (EVs@Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>) in plasma. The method integrates UiO-66-B(OH)<sub>2</sub> nanomaterials for high-efficiency enrichment of EVs with the i-SQM “turn-on” fluorescent probe, which selectively responds to Aβ<sub>1-42</sub> oligomers. This combined strategy enables rapid quantification within minutes and provides a large fluorescence enhancement with excellent signal-to-noise ratio, achieving femtomolar-level sensitivity. In clinical samples, the platform successfully distinguishes AD patients from cognitively normal individuals with 100 % sensitivity and 96.3 % specificity. Overall, this EVs-based detection system offers a practical, low-cost, and non-invasive approach for plasma biomarker analysis and holds strong potential for early AD diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 118430"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146049802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2026.118398
Gang Tang , Ke Liu , Lingying Xia , Tianhao Chen , Andrew Liman , Qiao Feng , Rongxing Zhou
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a widely used biomarker for the diagnosis and postoperative surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, current AFP assays rely on centralized laboratories, bulky instrumentation, and labor-intensive sample pretreatment, limiting their applicability in point-of-care and home-based settings. Here, we present an in vitro diagnostic device for quantitative AFP detection in whole blood that integrates a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) with a portable pressure meter (PM-LFIA). The platform employs a pressure-based signal readout using nanozyme-catalyzed gas generation to enable sensitive quantification while reducing optical and matrix-related interference. Compared with conventional methods, the PM-LFIA platform achieves a 35-fold reduction in required sample volume and a 215-fold improvement in detection limit. The platform enables AFP detection from 1 μL of unprocessed whole blood within 30 min, supporting point-of-care applications where sample volume is limited. The feasibility of this approach was validated by direct quantification of AFP in 30 whole blood samples, with results consistent with hospital-based measurements. In addition, the applicability of the PM-LFIA platform was demonstrated for other cancer biomarkers, including CEA and CA199. Although environmental sensitivity and device calibration remain challenges, this work demonstrates an integrated and practical strategy for quantitative biomarker detection in whole blood using a portable, low-sample-volume format.
{"title":"An integrated pressure-based lateral flow immunoassay for microliter whole-blood AFP detection at the point of care","authors":"Gang Tang , Ke Liu , Lingying Xia , Tianhao Chen , Andrew Liman , Qiao Feng , Rongxing Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a widely used biomarker for the diagnosis and postoperative surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, current AFP assays rely on centralized laboratories, bulky instrumentation, and labor-intensive sample pretreatment, limiting their applicability in point-of-care and home-based settings. Here, we present an in vitro diagnostic device for quantitative AFP detection in whole blood that integrates a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) with a portable pressure meter (PM-LFIA). The platform employs a pressure-based signal readout using nanozyme-catalyzed gas generation to enable sensitive quantification while reducing optical and matrix-related interference. Compared with conventional methods, the PM-LFIA platform achieves a 35-fold reduction in required sample volume and a 215-fold improvement in detection limit. The platform enables AFP detection from 1 μL of unprocessed whole blood within 30 min, supporting point-of-care applications where sample volume is limited. The feasibility of this approach was validated by direct quantification of AFP in 30 whole blood samples, with results consistent with hospital-based measurements. In addition, the applicability of the PM-LFIA platform was demonstrated for other cancer biomarkers, including CEA and CA199. Although environmental sensitivity and device calibration remain challenges, this work demonstrates an integrated and practical strategy for quantitative biomarker detection in whole blood using a portable, low-sample-volume format.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 118398"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146049225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2026.118435
Jiajun Li, Lei Jiao, Lu Dong, Lijun Hu, Xiangkun Jia, Chengjie Chen, Peipei Zong, Yiming Zhang, Xiaolei Sun, Yanling Zhai, Xiaoquan Lu
The inhibitory interaction between nanozymes and thiols has been extensively investigated and developed for the establishment of thiol sensors. However, owing to the structural similarities of various thiols, the accurate distinction of thiols still remains a great challenge. Herein, a series of lanthanide-doped RuO2 nanozymes (Ln-RuOx) featuring Ln-Ru dual sites are developed and demonstrate enhanced peroxidase-like activity. Inhibition kinetics demonstrate that thiols induce a mixed inhibition mode on the Ln-RuOx nanozymes, in contrast to the competitive mode on the RuO2 nanozymes. Besides, by regulating the Ln elements in Ln-RuOx nanozymes, the inhibitory interaction between Ln-RuOx nanozymes and thiols is significantly changed, as evidenced by the inhibition constant, thus achieving the accurate distinction of various thiols. Finally, based on the differential inhibitory effects, a multichannel sensor array is established to discriminate six thiols with a detection limit of 1 μM. More importantly, this colorimetric sensor array discriminates between normal and cancer cells based on endogenous thiols, demonstrating its powerful application prospects in disease diagnosis.
{"title":"Inhibition effect-involved colorimetric sensor array based on Ln-Ru dual-site nanozymes for thiol discrimination.","authors":"Jiajun Li, Lei Jiao, Lu Dong, Lijun Hu, Xiangkun Jia, Chengjie Chen, Peipei Zong, Yiming Zhang, Xiaolei Sun, Yanling Zhai, Xiaoquan Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2026.118435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The inhibitory interaction between nanozymes and thiols has been extensively investigated and developed for the establishment of thiol sensors. However, owing to the structural similarities of various thiols, the accurate distinction of thiols still remains a great challenge. Herein, a series of lanthanide-doped RuO<sub>2</sub> nanozymes (Ln-RuO<sub>x</sub>) featuring Ln-Ru dual sites are developed and demonstrate enhanced peroxidase-like activity. Inhibition kinetics demonstrate that thiols induce a mixed inhibition mode on the Ln-RuO<sub>x</sub> nanozymes, in contrast to the competitive mode on the RuO<sub>2</sub> nanozymes. Besides, by regulating the Ln elements in Ln-RuO<sub>x</sub> nanozymes, the inhibitory interaction between Ln-RuO<sub>x</sub> nanozymes and thiols is significantly changed, as evidenced by the inhibition constant, thus achieving the accurate distinction of various thiols. Finally, based on the differential inhibitory effects, a multichannel sensor array is established to discriminate six thiols with a detection limit of 1 μM. More importantly, this colorimetric sensor array discriminates between normal and cancer cells based on endogenous thiols, demonstrating its powerful application prospects in disease diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"299 ","pages":"118435"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146099590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2026.118431
Zhenyu Wu , Jing Chen , Yuzhe Zhang , Rufei Ge , Yan Li , Khaydar E. Yunusov , Fozil Mamarayim Ugli Turakulov , Guohua Jiang
Detecting circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in skin interstitial fluid (ISF) offers a non-invasive cancer diagnostic route, though clinical translation is often hindered by low extraction efficiency and sensitivity. This study presents an integrated microneedle-electrode platform for in situ sampling and monitoring of ctDNA. Utilizing reverse iontophoresis, ctDNA is extracted from the dermal ISF and subsequently detected via a signal-amplified rGO/PPy/Au NPs electrochemical sensor. The platform facilitates quantitative detection with a broad linear range (10 fM to 1 nM) and a low detection limit of 1.92 fM. It demonstrates high specificity against base mismatches and biological interferents, alongside strong reproducibility. In vivo testing on a murine tumor model showed results significantly correlated with qPCR and ddPCR, highlighting its potential for point-of-care cancer diagnostics and disease monitoring.
{"title":"In-situ sampling and monitoring ctDNA from dermal interstitial fluid for tumor diagnosis","authors":"Zhenyu Wu , Jing Chen , Yuzhe Zhang , Rufei Ge , Yan Li , Khaydar E. Yunusov , Fozil Mamarayim Ugli Turakulov , Guohua Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Detecting circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in skin interstitial fluid (ISF) offers a non-invasive cancer diagnostic route, though clinical translation is often hindered by low extraction efficiency and sensitivity. This study presents an integrated microneedle-electrode platform for <em>in situ</em> sampling and monitoring of ctDNA. Utilizing reverse iontophoresis, ctDNA is extracted from the dermal ISF and subsequently detected via a signal-amplified rGO/PPy/Au NPs electrochemical sensor. The platform facilitates quantitative detection with a broad linear range (10 fM to 1 nM) and a low detection limit of 1.92 fM. It demonstrates high specificity against base mismatches and biological interferents, alongside strong reproducibility. In vivo testing on a murine tumor model showed results significantly correlated with qPCR and ddPCR, highlighting its potential for point-of-care cancer diagnostics and disease monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 118431"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most fatal infectious diseases worldwide, successful treatment is often limited by insufficient diagnostic capabilities. It creates a pressing need for diagnostic methods that combine high sensitivity, specificity, and operational robustness. In this work, we developed a DNAzyme-CRISPR cascade strategy (Dz-CRISPR) for the specific identification of the IS6110 sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). This system integrated a thermodynamically stabilized hairpin probe, an Arch-shaped signal transduction switch, and an allosterically activated CRISPR-Cas12a cascade. The design enabled direct target recognition and subsequent signal amplification without a preamplification step, offering a simplified workflow with enhanced stability. The assay demonstrated a detection limit of 211.3 fM and exhibited high specificity by accurately discriminating the IS6110 from specific DNA sequence of non-tuberculous mycobacteria and other common respiratory pathogens. Validation using clinical bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples further confirmed the method's reliable performance, reproducibility, and satisfactory recovery rates. Current Dz-CRISPR detection strategy provides a reliable and practical solution for tuberculosis diagnosis with high sensitivity, high specificity, and operational robustness, thus demonstrating potential for practical use in resource-constrained areas.
{"title":"A DNAzyme-CRISPR cascade strategy for preamplification-free detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","authors":"Ying Yu , Jianhong Zhang , Guoming Xie , Yu Lin , Yue Huang , Chenxin Rao , Yulei Hou , Hui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most fatal infectious diseases worldwide, successful treatment is often limited by insufficient diagnostic capabilities. It creates a pressing need for diagnostic methods that combine high sensitivity, specificity, and operational robustness. In this work, we developed a DNAzyme-CRISPR cascade strategy (Dz-CRISPR) for the specific identification of the <em>IS6110</em> sequence <em>of Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (MTB). This system integrated a thermodynamically stabilized hairpin probe, an Arch-shaped signal transduction switch, and an allosterically activated CRISPR-Cas12a cascade. The design enabled direct target recognition and subsequent signal amplification without a preamplification step, offering a simplified workflow with enhanced stability. The assay demonstrated a detection limit of 211.3 fM and exhibited high specificity by accurately discriminating the <em>IS6110</em> from specific DNA sequence of non-tuberculous mycobacteria and other common respiratory pathogens. Validation using clinical bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples further confirmed the method's reliable performance, reproducibility, and satisfactory recovery rates. Current Dz-CRISPR detection strategy provides a reliable and practical solution for tuberculosis diagnosis with high sensitivity, high specificity, and operational robustness, thus demonstrating potential for practical use in resource-constrained areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 118428"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2026.118410
Marcin Luty , Renata Szydlak , Joanna Pabijan , Ingrid H. Øvreeide , Victorien E. Prot , Joanna Zemła , Bjørn T. Stokke , Małgorzata Lekka
Glycosylation, a fundamental posttranslational modification, is crucial in cancer progression. Aberrant glycosylation patterns in tumor cells alter their interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM), facilitating invasion and metastasis. Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that selectively recognize these modifications, making them valuable tools for cancer detection. However, their impact on cancer cell behavior remains insufficiently explored.
In this study, we examined the response of bladder cancers (non-malignant HCV29, non-invasive HT1376, and invasive T24 cancer cells) to surfaces coated with the lectins (Dolichosbiflorus agglutinin (DBA), Lensculinaris agglutinin (LCA), Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L), and Wheatgerm agglutinin (WGA)), using atomic force microscopy (AFM), cell imaging, and proliferation and migration assays. Our findings indicate that lectin coatings significantly influenced cancer cell proliferation and migration in a lectin-dependent manner. Notably, WGA induced the most pronounced effects, accelerating proliferation while simultaneously reducing migration, particularly in the invasive T24 cell line. Similarly, PHA-L increased proliferation. These results highlight the dual role of lectins as diagnostic markers and potential modulators of cancer cell behavior. While lectin-based biosensors offer promising tools for cancer detection, their influence on cell properties must be carefully considered to ensure reliable diagnostics. This study underscores the need for further research into the functional consequences of lectin-glycan interactions in cancer detection. Lectins, being beneficial for biosensing, may modulate cell behavior (as our results show), which potentially interferes with diagnostic capabilities.
{"title":"Identification of glycosylation-related changes in migratory and mechanical properties of bladder cancer cells","authors":"Marcin Luty , Renata Szydlak , Joanna Pabijan , Ingrid H. Øvreeide , Victorien E. Prot , Joanna Zemła , Bjørn T. Stokke , Małgorzata Lekka","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2026.118410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glycosylation, a fundamental posttranslational modification, is crucial in cancer progression. Aberrant glycosylation patterns in tumor cells alter their interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM), facilitating invasion and metastasis. Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that selectively recognize these modifications, making them valuable tools for cancer detection. However, their impact on cancer cell behavior remains insufficiently explored.</div><div>In this study, we examined the response of bladder cancers (non-malignant HCV29, non-invasive HT1376, and invasive T24 cancer cells) to surfaces coated with the lectins (<em>Dolichos</em> <em>b</em><em>iflorus</em> agglutinin (DBA), <em>Lens</em> <em>c</em><em>ulinaris</em> agglutinin (LCA), <em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> leucoagglutinin (PHA-L), and <em>Wheat</em> <em>g</em><em>erm</em> agglutinin (WGA)), using atomic force microscopy (AFM), cell imaging, and proliferation and migration assays. Our findings indicate that lectin coatings significantly influenced cancer cell proliferation and migration in a lectin-dependent manner. Notably, WGA induced the most pronounced effects, accelerating proliferation while simultaneously reducing migration, particularly in the invasive T24 cell line. Similarly, PHA-L increased proliferation. These results highlight the dual role of lectins as diagnostic markers and potential modulators of cancer cell behavior. While lectin-based biosensors offer promising tools for cancer detection, their influence on cell properties must be carefully considered to ensure reliable diagnostics. This study underscores the need for further research into the functional consequences of lectin-glycan interactions in cancer detection. Lectins, being beneficial for biosensing, may modulate cell behavior (as our results show), which potentially interferes with diagnostic capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 118410"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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