The Nuclear Engineering Laboratory of NTUA (NEL-NTUA) regularly tests radon-in-air concentration measuring instruments. Most common instruments involve open ionization chambers, radon absorbing devices and grab sampling devices. Most types of such instruments do not provide a calibrated radon concentration as soon as the air sampling has ended, since there should exist an adequate time gap, within which sampled radon would reach secular equilibrium with some or most of its immediate progeny. This gap should be around 10-20 min for radon to equilibrate with the Po-218 nucleus, or it could be more than about 3 hours for radon to equilibrate with the Bi-214 / Po-214 progeny. However, if there could be organized calibration experiments at the progeny non-secular equilibrium state, there are some instrument cases, for which this time gap difficulty may be better understood and overcome. To this end, in this work, the Bateman differential equations for all gamma and alpha emitting radon daughters are solved for radon daughters activity at any given time between 0 min and 3 hours using a spreadsheet. This would allow for obtaining a calibration correction factor to be applied at any given time before equilibrium, resulting for radon concentration estimations without the limitations of waiting. Following this solution, the results were theoretically assessed in terms of applicability. Calibration experiments performed for ionization chambers, radon absorbents and Lucas Cells at various radon concentrations in air at the progeny non-secular equilibrium time frame corroborate the theoretical approach.
{"title":"Measuring radon concentrations in air at the progeny non-secular equilibrium time frame","authors":"N. Petropoulos, Sotia Argyrou","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5131","url":null,"abstract":"The Nuclear Engineering Laboratory of NTUA (NEL-NTUA) regularly tests radon-in-air concentration measuring instruments. Most common instruments involve open ionization chambers, radon absorbing devices and grab sampling devices. Most types of such instruments do not provide a calibrated radon concentration as soon as the air sampling has ended, since there should exist an adequate time gap, within which sampled radon would reach secular equilibrium with some or most of its immediate progeny. This gap should be around 10-20 min for radon to equilibrate with the Po-218 nucleus, or it could be more than about 3 hours for radon to equilibrate with the Bi-214 / Po-214 progeny. However, if there could be organized calibration experiments at the progeny non-secular equilibrium state, there are some instrument cases, for which this time gap difficulty may be better understood and overcome. To this end, in this work, the Bateman differential equations for all gamma and alpha emitting radon daughters are solved for radon daughters activity at any given time between 0 min and 3 hours using a spreadsheet. This would allow for obtaining a calibration correction factor to be applied at any given time before equilibrium, resulting for radon concentration estimations without the limitations of waiting. Following this solution, the results were theoretically assessed in terms of applicability. Calibration experiments performed for ionization chambers, radon absorbents and Lucas Cells at various radon concentrations in air at the progeny non-secular equilibrium time frame corroborate the theoretical approach.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117343780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Peoviti, N. Patronis, M. Axiotis, V. Foteinou, D. Rogalla, Fotios Maragkos, S. Harissopulos
The 63Cu(α,γ)67Ga reaction cross-section was measured in the energy range between 5 and 9 MeV, which is relevant to p-process nucleosynthesis. The experiment was conducted at the Dynamitron Tandem Laboratory, of the Ruhr-University Bochum in Germany, by applying the 4π γ-summing method, using a 12"×12" NaI(Tl) single crystal scintillator. The preliminary results are compared with previous measurements and theoretical TALYS calculations as well.
{"title":"First results from the 63Cu(α,γ)67Ga reaction study for nuclear astrophysics purposes","authors":"M. Peoviti, N. Patronis, M. Axiotis, V. Foteinou, D. Rogalla, Fotios Maragkos, S. Harissopulos","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5091","url":null,"abstract":"The 63Cu(α,γ)67Ga reaction cross-section was measured in the energy range between 5 and 9 MeV, which is relevant to p-process nucleosynthesis. The experiment was conducted at the Dynamitron Tandem Laboratory, of the Ruhr-University Bochum in Germany, by applying the 4π γ-summing method, using a 12\"×12\" NaI(Tl) single crystal scintillator. The preliminary results are compared with previous measurements and theoretical TALYS calculations as well.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124706827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Experimental excitation functions of isotopes produced in reactions p + natSi are compared with the results of nuclear reaction program TALYS 1.95 and semi-empirical cross section formulas. We consider excitation functions of 7 isotopes (28Mg, 26Al, 24,22Na, 18F and 10,7Be) produced in reactions at bombarding energies of 20-144 MeV. They are compared with the predictions of the code TALYS 1.95, the semi-empirical formulas of Silberberg-Tsao (code yieldx) and SPACS. Comparisons of the results of the code TALYS 1.95 and previously published results of code ALICE are made. The predictive power of code TALYS 1.95 may be questioned for reaction products with mass number very much smaller than the target and of semi-empirical formulas at lower energies.
{"title":"A study of proton-induced reactions on natural Silicon targets","authors":"N. Nicolis, Georgia Zafeiri","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5086","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental excitation functions of isotopes produced in reactions p + natSi are compared with the results of nuclear reaction program TALYS 1.95 and semi-empirical cross section formulas. We consider excitation functions of 7 isotopes (28Mg, 26Al, 24,22Na, 18F and 10,7Be) produced in reactions at bombarding energies of 20-144 MeV. They are compared with the predictions of the code TALYS 1.95, the semi-empirical formulas of Silberberg-Tsao (code yieldx) and SPACS. Comparisons of the results of the code TALYS 1.95 and previously published results of code ALICE are made. The predictive power of code TALYS 1.95 may be questioned for reaction products with mass number very much smaller than the target and of semi-empirical formulas at lower energies.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126376752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Octupole constrained energy surfaces, and spectroscopic observables of four isotopic chains of: Cm, Cf, Fm and No with neutron numbers 186 N200 are analysed using a collective quadrupole - octupole Hamiltonian (QOCH). The parameters of the Hamiltonian are determined by axially reflection-asymmetric relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov calculations based on the energy density functional DD-PC1, and a finite-range pairing interaction. The theoretical results suggest quantum phase transitions from non-octupole to octupole deformed shapes and to octupole vibrations with increasing neutron number. 288Cm is possibly close to the critical point of a simultaneous phase transition from spherical to prolate deformed and from non-octupole to stable octupole deformed configurations.
{"title":"Microscopic analysis of octupole shape phase transitions and critical points in neutron rich actinides","authors":"Vaia Prassa","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5132","url":null,"abstract":"Octupole constrained energy surfaces, and spectroscopic observables of four isotopic chains of: Cm, Cf, Fm and No with neutron numbers 186 N200 are analysed using a collective quadrupole - octupole Hamiltonian (QOCH). The parameters of the Hamiltonian are determined by axially reflection-asymmetric relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov calculations based on the energy density functional DD-PC1, and a finite-range pairing interaction. The theoretical results suggest quantum phase transitions from non-octupole to octupole deformed shapes and to octupole vibrations with increasing neutron number. 288Cm is possibly close to the critical point of a simultaneous phase transition from spherical to prolate deformed and from non-octupole to stable octupole deformed configurations.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"370 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136230330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Kaperoni, M. Diakaki, M. Kokkoris, M. Axiotis, A. Ziagkova, C. Weiss, R. Vlastou
Accurate neutron flux measurements in fusion reactors are essential, in order to determine the feasibility and progress of the reaction as well as for safety issues. Semiconductor neutron detectors exhibit promising characteristics for operation in the extreme environmental conditions of fusion reactors. Silicon, Diamond and Silicon Carbide are the most studied and anticipated materials for constructing detectors with high efficiency and irradiation resistance. The ITER fusion reactor is expected to run D-D plasma measurements in the near future, so the detection of 2.45 MeV neutrons with appropriate detectors is of great and immediate importance. In the present work the study of 2.45 MeV neutrons interactions with a silicon, diamond and silicon carbide detector was made, using GEANT4 [1] simulations, in order to compare their response. An experimental study will follow at the neutron production facility of the TANDEM accelerator of the I.N.P.P. of the NCSR “Demokritos”, with detectors provided by CIVIDEC Instrumentation GmbH, so the geometry of the simulations was built accordingly. A quasi-monoenergetic neutron beam of 2.45 MeV was produced through 3H(p,n) reactions in a TiT target. Due to the low cross section of the reaction, biasing techniques were implemented in the simulation to increase the counting rate and thus producing realistic results. These biasing techniques were studied, with various tests and the parameters affecting the choice of the biasing factor are shown and discussed.
{"title":"Semiconductor Detector Study for Detecting Fusion Neutrons using Geant4 Simulations","authors":"K. Kaperoni, M. Diakaki, M. Kokkoris, M. Axiotis, A. Ziagkova, C. Weiss, R. Vlastou","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5184","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate neutron flux measurements in fusion reactors are essential, in order to determine the feasibility and progress of the reaction as well as for safety issues. Semiconductor neutron detectors exhibit promising characteristics for operation in the extreme environmental conditions of fusion reactors. Silicon, Diamond and Silicon Carbide are the most studied and anticipated materials for constructing detectors with high efficiency and irradiation resistance. The ITER fusion reactor is expected to run D-D plasma measurements in the near future, so the detection of 2.45 MeV neutrons with appropriate detectors is of great and immediate importance. In the present work the study of 2.45 MeV neutrons interactions with a silicon, diamond and silicon carbide detector was made, using GEANT4 [1] simulations, in order to compare their response. An experimental study will follow at the neutron production facility of the TANDEM accelerator of the I.N.P.P. of the NCSR “Demokritos”, with detectors provided by CIVIDEC Instrumentation GmbH, so the geometry of the simulations was built accordingly. A quasi-monoenergetic neutron beam of 2.45 MeV was produced through 3H(p,n) reactions in a TiT target. Due to the low cross section of the reaction, biasing techniques were implemented in the simulation to increase the counting rate and thus producing realistic results. These biasing techniques were studied, with various tests and the parameters affecting the choice of the biasing factor are shown and discussed.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129105105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The radioactive background of the eastern side of Lesvos Island in Greece, an island rich in natural radioactivity, was studied by means of gamma ray spectroscopy. Dose rates and concentrations of natural radionuclides (232Th series, 226Ra and 40K) and 137Cs were measured in-situ and in the laboratory, respectively. A total of twenty soil samples and ten beach sand samples was collected and processed according to the IAEA protocol. For the in-situ measurement and the dose rate determination a portable NaI scintillation detector was utilized. The activity concentration calculations were held in the laboratory, using a high-purity germanium detector. These activity concentrations were also used to estimate dose rates, so as to compare the obtained results with the in-situ measurements. The maximum detected values of activity concentrations of 232Th series, 226Ra, 40K and 137Cs were found to be 190, 90, 960 and 70 Bq kg-1, respectively. As for the dose rates, both measured and estimated, the maximum values were 230 and 190 nGy h-1, respectively. A significant difference regarding activity concentrations and dose rates was observed between the two matrices (soil, beach sand), with the values of soil samples quite surpassing those of beach sand samples. That can be attributed to the granulometry of each matrix. Furthermore, the study attempts to compare the radioactive background between the eastern and the western side of Lesvos Island, with the larger values being found in the eastern part.
{"title":"Radioactivity measurements in eastern Lesvos, Greece","authors":"F. Pappa","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5136","url":null,"abstract":"The radioactive background of the eastern side of Lesvos Island in Greece, an island rich in natural radioactivity, was studied by means of gamma ray spectroscopy. Dose rates and concentrations of natural radionuclides (232Th series, 226Ra and 40K) and 137Cs were measured in-situ and in the laboratory, respectively. A total of twenty soil samples and ten beach sand samples was collected and processed according to the IAEA protocol. For the in-situ measurement and the dose rate determination a portable NaI scintillation detector was utilized. The activity concentration calculations were held in the laboratory, using a high-purity germanium detector. These activity concentrations were also used to estimate dose rates, so as to compare the obtained results with the in-situ measurements. The maximum detected values of activity concentrations of 232Th series, 226Ra, 40K and 137Cs were found to be 190, 90, 960 and 70 Bq kg-1, respectively. As for the dose rates, both measured and estimated, the maximum values were 230 and 190 nGy h-1, respectively. A significant difference regarding activity concentrations and dose rates was observed between the two matrices (soil, beach sand), with the values of soil samples quite surpassing those of beach sand samples. That can be attributed to the granulometry of each matrix. Furthermore, the study attempts to compare the radioactive background between the eastern and the western side of Lesvos Island, with the larger values being found in the eastern part.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114113781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kokkoris, Kostas Bosbotinis, V. Foteinou, A. Lagoyannis, F. Maragkos, N. Patronis, E. Taimpiri, A. Ziagkova
In this study we present the experimental differential cross sections of natO(p,p0) elastic scattering, determined via the relative measurement technique, in the proton beam energy range Elab=4-6 MeV with a varying step (from 5-15 keV), at six backscattering detector angles between 120o and 170o (every 10o). A thin, self-supporting target manufactured in the lab was used in this experiment and the determination of its stoichiometry was carried out according to the currently existing evaluation, which has also been benchmarked recently. The measurements were performed using the Van de Graaff Tandem 5.5 MV Accelerator of N.C.S.R. “Demokritos” in Athens, Greece. The differential cross-section datasets obtained in the present work and already existing ones in literature for this extended proton beam energy range are shown and the observed peculiarities and discrepancies are discussed and analyzed.
在本研究中，我们展示了通过相对测量技术在质子束能量范围Elab=4-6 MeV的不同步长(从5-15 keV)下，在6个背向散射探测器角度在120°到170°之间(每100°)时，北约(p,p0)弹性散射的实验微分截面。本实验使用实验室制造的一种薄的、自支撑的靶材，根据目前已有的评价进行化学计量测定，最近也进行了基准测试。测量是在希腊雅典的“Demokritos”nc.s.r. Van de Graaff串联5.5 MV加速器上进行的。给出了本工作中得到的和文献中已有的质子束能量范围的微分截面数据集，并讨论和分析了观察到的特点和差异。
{"title":"Measurement of differential cross sections for proton elastic scattering on natO at Ep= 4-6 MeV, suitable for EBS","authors":"M. Kokkoris, Kostas Bosbotinis, V. Foteinou, A. Lagoyannis, F. Maragkos, N. Patronis, E. Taimpiri, A. Ziagkova","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5183","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we present the experimental differential cross sections of natO(p,p0) elastic scattering, determined via the relative measurement technique, in the proton beam energy range Elab=4-6 MeV with a varying step (from 5-15 keV), at six backscattering detector angles between 120o and 170o (every 10o). A thin, self-supporting target manufactured in the lab was used in this experiment and the determination of its stoichiometry was carried out according to the currently existing evaluation, which has also been benchmarked recently. The measurements were performed using the Van de Graaff Tandem 5.5 MV Accelerator of N.C.S.R. “Demokritos” in Athens, Greece. The differential cross-section datasets obtained in the present work and already existing ones in literature for this extended proton beam energy range are shown and the observed peculiarities and discrepancies are discussed and analyzed.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123881942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stavros Patas, Sotiris Chasapoglou, Michalis Axiotis, Maria Diakaki, George Gkatis, Sotirios Harissopulos, Michael Kokkoris, Anastasios Lagoyannis, Eleni Tsivouraki, Roza Vlastou
The aim of the present work was to study the cross-section of the (n,2n) and (n,3n) reactions on 203Tl, by irradiating a natural TlCl pellet target with monoenergetic neutron beams at 16.4, and 18.9 MeV. The cross section measurements were carried out using the activation method, with respect to the 197Au(n,2n)196Au and 27Al(n,α)24Na reference reactions. The monoenergetic neutron beams were generated in the 5.5 MV Tandem accelerator of NCSR “Demokritos”, using the 3H(d,n)4He reaction. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to take into account the gamma-ray self-absorption results as well as the estimation of the neutron flux through the reference foils. Theoretical calculations with the code EMPIRE have also been performed, using the same parameterization implemented in the theoretical study of Ir and Au nuclei in an attempt to find a suitable model for the description of all the experimental results in this mass region.
{"title":"Activation Cross Section Measurement of the (n,2n) Reaction on 203Tl at 16.4 MeV, 18.9 MeV and Theoretical Calculations via the EMPIRE code","authors":"Stavros Patas, Sotiris Chasapoglou, Michalis Axiotis, Maria Diakaki, George Gkatis, Sotirios Harissopulos, Michael Kokkoris, Anastasios Lagoyannis, Eleni Tsivouraki, Roza Vlastou","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5154","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present work was to study the cross-section of the (n,2n) and (n,3n) reactions on 203Tl, by irradiating a natural TlCl pellet target with monoenergetic neutron beams at 16.4, and 18.9 MeV. The cross section measurements were carried out using the activation method, with respect to the 197Au(n,2n)196Au and 27Al(n,α)24Na reference reactions. The monoenergetic neutron beams were generated in the 5.5 MV Tandem accelerator of NCSR “Demokritos”, using the 3H(d,n)4He reaction. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to take into account the gamma-ray self-absorption results as well as the estimation of the neutron flux through the reference foils. Theoretical calculations with the code EMPIRE have also been performed, using the same parameterization implemented in the theoretical study of Ir and Au nuclei in an attempt to find a suitable model for the description of all the experimental results in this mass region.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136230331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the almost seven decades of use of nuclear fission for electric energy production two major nuclear accidents took place, i.e., the 1986 Chernobyl accident and the 2011 Fukushima one. They were caused by reactor power-surge and loss-of-coolant, respectively. Both accidents occurred during hot power reactor shutdown and had identical root causes, i.e., poor safety culture and safety management in nuclear industry and state authorities. A brief comparison of the facility and the accident characteristics, disaster response methods, as well as of their health, social, economic, and political adverse effects is attempted. The radiological impact of the Chernobyl accident was much higher than that of the Fukushima one; however, a similar statement may not hold for the other types of impact.
{"title":"Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear accidents: similarities and differences","authors":"John Kalef Ezra","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5094","url":null,"abstract":"During the almost seven decades of use of nuclear fission for electric energy production two major nuclear accidents took place, i.e., the 1986 Chernobyl accident and the 2011 Fukushima one. They were caused by reactor power-surge and loss-of-coolant, respectively. Both accidents occurred during hot power reactor shutdown and had identical root causes, i.e., poor safety culture and safety management in nuclear industry and state authorities. A brief comparison of the facility and the accident characteristics, disaster response methods, as well as of their health, social, economic, and political adverse effects is attempted. The radiological impact of the Chernobyl accident was much higher than that of the Fukushima one; however, a similar statement may not hold for the other types of impact.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117210978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Koulouris, G. Souliotis, F. Cappuzzello, D. Carbone, A. Pakou, C. Agodi, G. Brischetto, M. Cavallaro, S. Calabrese, I. Ciraldo, O. Fasoula, J. Klimo, Konstantina Palli, O. Sgouros, V. Soukeras, A. Spatafora, D. Torresi, M. Veselský
The present paper is focused on our recent efforts to study the production and identification of neutron-rich medium-mass rare isotopes from peripheral reactions at beam energies around and below the Fermi energy. We obtained high-quality experimental data from a recent experiment with the MAGNEX spectrometer at the INFN-LNS in Catania, Italy. The main aim of this experiment was to check the feasibility of ejectile identification in this energy regime with the use of a large acceptance magnetic spectrometer. Our developed technique for particle identification depends mainly on a reconstruction of both the atomic number Z and the ionic charge q of the ions, followed by the identification of the mass. Our method was successfully applied to identify neutron-rich ejectiles from multinucleon transfer from the reaction of 70Zn (15 MeV/nucleon) + 64Ni. Preliminary results indicate that the extracted experimental distributions, along with comparisons with the theoretical models could help us to shed light to the complex reaction mechanism of multinucleon transfer in this energy regime.
{"title":"Recent Progress in the Study of the Reaction 70Zn (15 MeV/nucleon) + 64Ni with the MAGNEX Spectrometer","authors":"S. Koulouris, G. Souliotis, F. Cappuzzello, D. Carbone, A. Pakou, C. Agodi, G. Brischetto, M. Cavallaro, S. Calabrese, I. Ciraldo, O. Fasoula, J. Klimo, Konstantina Palli, O. Sgouros, V. Soukeras, A. Spatafora, D. Torresi, M. Veselský","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5090","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper is focused on our recent efforts to study the production and identification of neutron-rich medium-mass rare isotopes from peripheral reactions at beam energies around and below the Fermi energy. We obtained high-quality experimental data from a recent experiment with the MAGNEX spectrometer at the INFN-LNS in Catania, Italy. The main aim of this experiment was to check the feasibility of ejectile identification in this energy regime with the use of a large acceptance magnetic spectrometer. Our developed technique for particle identification depends mainly on a reconstruction of both the atomic number Z and the ionic charge q of the ions, followed by the identification of the mass. Our method was successfully applied to identify neutron-rich ejectiles from multinucleon transfer from the reaction of 70Zn (15 MeV/nucleon) + 64Ni. Preliminary results indicate that the extracted experimental distributions, along with comparisons with the theoretical models could help us to shed light to the complex reaction mechanism of multinucleon transfer in this energy regime.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132214179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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