In this work we discuss the in-medium properties of baryons and antibaryons in nuclear matter at densities beyond saturation. We focus the attention on the in-medium optical potentials of heavy baryons with strangeness content. That is, the hyperons Λ, Σ with strangeness S=-1 and the cascade particle Ξ with S=-2 . The particular treatment of the hyperons inside compressed matter is crucial in order to understand the in-medium modifications of baryons in matter conditions that may occur in the interior of neutron stars. We dicsuss further the properties of their antiparticles, since there are experimental data for the nucleonic sector (S=0) while for the strangeness sector (S=-1,-2) experimental information will be available in the close future at the new facilities, for instance, at FAIR and J-PARC.
{"title":"Baryons and antibaryons in compressed nuclear matter","authors":"T. Gaitanos, Arsenia Chorozidou","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5133","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we discuss the in-medium properties of baryons and antibaryons in nuclear matter at densities beyond saturation. We focus the attention on the in-medium optical potentials of heavy baryons with strangeness content. That is, the hyperons Λ, Σ with strangeness S=-1 and the cascade particle Ξ with S=-2 . The particular treatment of the hyperons inside compressed matter is crucial in order to understand the in-medium modifications of baryons in matter conditions that may occur in the interior of neutron stars. We dicsuss further the properties of their antiparticles, since there are experimental data for the nucleonic sector (S=0) while for the strangeness sector (S=-1,-2) experimental information will be available in the close future at the new facilities, for instance, at FAIR and J-PARC.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127839594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ziagkova, Michael Axiotis, Sotirios Chasapoglou, Maria Diakaki, Kalliopi Kaperoni, Michael Kokkiris, Anastasios Lagoyannis, Veatriki Michalopoulou, Roza Vlastou
A simulation code was developed using the GEANT4 [1] toolkit in order to determine the behavior of the neutron production beams generated by proton induced reactions while applying the cross section biasing technique [2]. As the application of the biasing technique can cause a change in the physical processes occurring during the simulation, the specific implemented technique was tested via control simulations to determine any deviations of the results from the theoretically expected ones. Different materials, geometries and biasing factors were used in order to qualify and quantify the discrepancies between the unbiased and the biased simulations. One of the main reactions used for the production of the neutron beam at the Tandem accelerator laboratory of N.C.S.R. “Demokritos” [3] is the 3H(p,n)3He one. In the geometry of the main tritiated target, elements such as molybdenum, copper and titanium are included. During the interaction of the proton beam with them, it is possible to produce neutrons that will “contaminate” the main neutron beam. These neutrons are called parasitic and their quantification is necessary in order to avoid obtaining erroneous results in cross section measurements on the various targets under study.[4] By constructing the proper geometry and using the GEANT4 code mentioned above, the determination of the parasitic neutrons is achieved with optimal statistical results in short computational times, while the discrepancies between the unbiased and the biased results remain minimal.
{"title":"Study of the cross section biasing technique using GEANT4 and determination of the parasitic neutrons at N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”","authors":"A. Ziagkova, Michael Axiotis, Sotirios Chasapoglou, Maria Diakaki, Kalliopi Kaperoni, Michael Kokkiris, Anastasios Lagoyannis, Veatriki Michalopoulou, Roza Vlastou","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5180","url":null,"abstract":"A simulation code was developed using the GEANT4 [1] toolkit in order to determine the behavior of the neutron production beams generated by proton induced reactions while applying the cross section biasing technique [2]. As the application of the biasing technique can cause a change in the physical processes occurring during the simulation, the specific implemented technique was tested via control simulations to determine any deviations of the results from the theoretically expected ones. Different materials, geometries and biasing factors were used in order to qualify and quantify the discrepancies between the unbiased and the biased simulations. \u0000One of the main reactions used for the production of the neutron beam at the Tandem accelerator laboratory of N.C.S.R. “Demokritos” [3] is the 3H(p,n)3He one. In the geometry of the main tritiated target, elements such as molybdenum, copper and titanium are included. During the interaction of the proton beam with them, it is possible to produce neutrons that will “contaminate” the main neutron beam. These neutrons are called parasitic and their quantification is necessary in order to avoid obtaining erroneous results in cross section measurements on the various targets under study.[4] By constructing the proper geometry and using the GEANT4 code mentioned above, the determination of the parasitic neutrons is achieved with optimal statistical results in short computational times, while the discrepancies between the unbiased and the biased results remain minimal.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130127400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Fasoula, G. Souliotis, S. Koulouris, Konstantina Palli, M. Veselský, Sherry J. Jenello, A. Bonasera
This paper presents our recent studies of multinucleon transfer in peripheral collisions in reactions below the Fermi regime. Our current focus is the study of the mass, angular and momentum distributions of the projectile-like fragments from the reaction of an 86Kr beam at 15 MeV/nucleon with a target of 64Ni. Experimental data from our previous work with the MARS spectrometer at the Cyclotron Institute of Texas A&M University were compared with model calculations. The dynamical stage of the reaction is described with either the Deep-Inelastic Transfer Model (DIT) or with the microscopic Constrained Molecular Dynamics model (CoMD). The de-excitation of the hot projectile-like fragments is performed with the GEMINI model. The momentum distributions are characterized by a quasi-elastic peak and a deep-inelastic peak. Two-body kinematics was employed to extract the total excitation energies of these regions. Through the thorough study of peripheral reactions in the Fermi energy regime we expect to gain valuable information that could lead to the understanding of how the rare isotopes in regions such as the r-process path and the neutron drip line are formed and the reaction mechanism(s) that take place.
{"title":"Momentum Distribution Studies of Projectile Fragments from Peripheral Collisions Below the Fermi Energy","authors":"O. Fasoula, G. Souliotis, S. Koulouris, Konstantina Palli, M. Veselský, Sherry J. Jenello, A. Bonasera","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5089","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents our recent studies of multinucleon transfer in peripheral collisions in reactions below the Fermi regime. Our current focus is the study of the mass, angular and momentum distributions of the projectile-like fragments from the reaction of an 86Kr beam at 15 MeV/nucleon with a target of 64Ni. Experimental data from our previous work with the MARS spectrometer at the Cyclotron Institute of Texas A&M University were compared with model calculations. The dynamical stage of the reaction is described with either the Deep-Inelastic Transfer Model (DIT) or with the microscopic Constrained Molecular Dynamics model (CoMD). The de-excitation of the hot projectile-like fragments is performed with the GEMINI model. The momentum distributions are characterized by a quasi-elastic peak and a deep-inelastic peak. Two-body kinematics was employed to extract the total excitation energies of these regions. Through the thorough study of peripheral reactions in the Fermi energy regime we expect to gain valuable information that could lead to the understanding of how the rare isotopes in regions such as the r-process path and the neutron drip line are formed and the reaction mechanism(s) that take place.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"272 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116068372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study concerns the medical applications and production of 52Fe via the reaction 55Mn(p,4n)52Fe together with the reference reaction 27Al(p,x)22Na employed in cross section measurements. Experimental excitation functions from threshold up to 200 MeV are compared with the predictions of the TALYS 1.95 code and the semi-empirical formulas SPACS and Silberberg & Tsao. We obtained two TALYS parameter sets for the 55Mn(p,4n)52Fe and 27Al(p,x)22Na reactions which give a good description of the excitation functions for energies up to 85 MeV. Discrepancies observed at higher energies require further investigation. The semi-empirical formulas provide a good description of the excitation functions above 120 MeV.
{"title":"A study of the reaction 55Mn(p,4n)52Fe: excitation function and medical applications","authors":"N. Nicolis, George-Rafael Tsitsis","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5085","url":null,"abstract":"The present study concerns the medical applications and production of 52Fe via the reaction 55Mn(p,4n)52Fe together with the reference reaction 27Al(p,x)22Na employed in cross section measurements. Experimental excitation functions from threshold up to 200 MeV are compared with the predictions of the TALYS 1.95 code and the semi-empirical formulas SPACS and Silberberg & Tsao. We obtained two TALYS parameter sets for the 55Mn(p,4n)52Fe and 27Al(p,x)22Na reactions which give a good description of the excitation functions for energies up to 85 MeV. Discrepancies observed at higher energies require further investigation. The semi-empirical formulas provide a good description of the excitation functions above 120 MeV.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125058924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nuclear decay studies of ionized species are of paramount importance in many astrophysical scenarios: from Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis to cosmochronometer. Recently, new facilities, able to investigate nuclear decay in hot plasma, have been conceived and their design is in progress. Anyhow, the use of hot plasma in ECR traps intrinsically exhibits limitation due the high level of background and, on the other side, the necessity to push at the limit the ECR technology to get large plasma density and temperature. Here we report about a different approach, involving the design of an ultra-compact Electron Beam Ion Trap (m-EBIT) able to perform nuclear decay studies for high charge-state ions confined in cold plasma. A preliminary design of the trap, assembly and magnetic field characterization is presented.
{"title":"Ion Traps for Nuclear Decay Studies: a design for a handheld Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT)","authors":"A. Musumarra, C. Massimi, M. Pellegriti, F. Leone","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5186","url":null,"abstract":"Nuclear decay studies of ionized species are of paramount importance in many astrophysical scenarios: from Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis to cosmochronometer. Recently, new facilities, able to investigate nuclear decay in hot plasma, have been conceived and their design is in progress. Anyhow, the use of hot plasma in ECR traps intrinsically exhibits limitation due the high level of background and, on the other side, the necessity to push at the limit the ECR technology to get large plasma density and temperature. Here we report about a different approach, involving the design of an ultra-compact Electron Beam Ion Trap (m-EBIT) able to perform nuclear decay studies for high charge-state ions confined in cold plasma. A preliminary design of the trap, assembly and magnetic field characterization is presented.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115959137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natural radioactivity measurements were held in the beach sands of the two main gulfs (Gera, Kalloni) of Lesvos Island, Greece. These gulfs host thermal springs and are preferred tourist destinations throughout the year. Dose rates and concentrations of natural radioactivity (232Th series, 226Ra and 40K) and 137Cs were measured in-situ and in the laboratory by means of gamma ray spectroscopy. Ten beach sand samples were collected from each gulf. The in-situ measurement and the dose rate determination was achieved via a portable NaI scintillation detector (SpriID). The activity concentration calculations were realized in the laboratory, with the use of a high purity germanium detector, and then they were also used to estimate dose rates. The in-situ measured and estimated dose rates were compared to verify the different approaches. The highest values (activity concentrations and dose rates) were found at the beaches of Kalloni Gulf compared to those of Gera Gulf, which may be attributed to the granulometry.
{"title":"NORM measurements at Kalloni and Gera Gulfs, Lesvos Island, Greece","authors":"F. Pappa","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5137","url":null,"abstract":"Natural radioactivity measurements were held in the beach sands of the two main gulfs (Gera, Kalloni) of Lesvos Island, Greece. These gulfs host thermal springs and are preferred tourist destinations throughout the year. Dose rates and concentrations of natural radioactivity (232Th series, 226Ra and 40K) and 137Cs were measured in-situ and in the laboratory by means of gamma ray spectroscopy. Ten beach sand samples were collected from each gulf. The in-situ measurement and the dose rate determination was achieved via a portable NaI scintillation detector (SpriID). The activity concentration calculations were realized in the laboratory, with the use of a high purity germanium detector, and then they were also used to estimate dose rates. The in-situ measured and estimated dose rates were compared to verify the different approaches. The highest values (activity concentrations and dose rates) were found at the beaches of Kalloni Gulf compared to those of Gera Gulf, which may be attributed to the granulometry.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121136821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Chasapoglou, R. Vlastou, M. Kokkoris, M. Diakaki, V. Michalopoulou, A. Stamatopoulos, M. Axiotis, S. Harissopulos, A. Lagoyannis, M. Savva, I. Stamatelatos, T. Vasilopoulou, C. Lederer-Woods
In this work, the cross sections of the neutron induced reactions 70Ge(n,2n)69Ge, 76Ge(n,2n)75Ge, 73Ge(n,p)73Ga, 72Ge(n,p)72Ga, 73Ge(n,d/np)72Ga, 74Ge(n,d/np)73Ga, 74Ge(n,α)71mZn, 72Ge(n,α)69mZn, 73Ge(n,nα)69mZn have been measured in the energy range between 16.4 and 18.9 MeV via the activation technique with respect to the 27Al(n,α)24Na reference reaction. Most of the existing experimental datasets found in literature for these reactions, were obtained with the use of a natGe target. In this case however, the residual nucleus produced from some reaction channels, could also be produced from neutron induced reactions in neighboring isotopes that exist in the natGe in their natural abundance, acting as a contamination to the measured yield of the reaction of interest. This parasitic contribution should then be subtracted, based on theoretical calculations that bear their own uncertainties. Isotopically enriched targets on the other hand, do not suffer from such contaminations, leading to more accurate experimental cross section results. In this work, five highly enriched targets have been used that helped in the determination of accurate cross section data, especially in the case of the73Ge(n,d/np)72Ga, 74Ge(n,d/np)73Ga and 73Ge(n,nα)69mZn challenging reactions, that will be presented in detail in this manuscript. The experiments were carried out at the 5.5 MV Tandem Van de Graaff accelerator of N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, implementing the 3H(d,n)4He reaction for the production of the quasi-monoenergetic neutron beams.
本文利用活化技术，在16.4 ~ 18.9 MeV能量范围内测量了中子诱导反应70Ge(n,2n)69Ge、76Ge(n,2n)75Ge、73Ge(n,p)73Ga、72Ge(n,p)72Ga、73Ge(n,d/np)72Ga、74Ge(n,d/np)73Ga、74Ge(n，α)71mZn、72Ge(n，α)69mZn、73Ge(n,nα)69mZn的截面，并与参考反应27Al(n，α)24Na进行了对比。在文献中发现的这些反应的大多数现有实验数据集都是使用natGe靶标获得的。然而，在这种情况下，一些反应通道产生的残余核也可能是由中子诱导的邻近同位素的反应产生的，这些同位素存在于自然丰度的natGe中，对感兴趣的反应的测量产率起污染作用。然后应该根据理论计算减去这种寄生贡献，理论计算本身具有不确定性。另一方面，同位素富集的目标不受这种污染，导致更准确的实验截面结果。在这项工作中，使用了五个高富集靶，有助于确定准确的截面数据，特别是在73Ge(n,d/np)72Ga, 74Ge(n,d/np)73Ga和73Ge(n,nα)69mZn挑战反应的情况下，这将在本文中详细介绍。实验在ncsrs“Demokritos”的5.5 MV串联Van de Graaff加速器上进行，实现了产生准单能中子束的3H(d,n)4He反应。
{"title":"Cross Section Measurements of (n,x) Reactions In the Energy Range Between 16.4 and 18.9 MeV Using Highly Enriched Ge Isotopes","authors":"S. Chasapoglou, R. Vlastou, M. Kokkoris, M. Diakaki, V. Michalopoulou, A. Stamatopoulos, M. Axiotis, S. Harissopulos, A. Lagoyannis, M. Savva, I. Stamatelatos, T. Vasilopoulou, C. Lederer-Woods","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5156","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the cross sections of the neutron induced reactions 70Ge(n,2n)69Ge, 76Ge(n,2n)75Ge, 73Ge(n,p)73Ga, 72Ge(n,p)72Ga, 73Ge(n,d/np)72Ga, 74Ge(n,d/np)73Ga, 74Ge(n,α)71mZn, 72Ge(n,α)69mZn, 73Ge(n,nα)69mZn have been measured in the energy range between 16.4 and 18.9 MeV via the activation technique with respect to the 27Al(n,α)24Na reference reaction. Most of the existing experimental datasets found in literature for these reactions, were obtained with the use of a natGe target. In this case however, the residual nucleus produced from some reaction channels, could also be produced from neutron induced reactions in neighboring isotopes that exist in the natGe in their natural abundance, acting as a contamination to the measured yield of the reaction of interest. This parasitic contribution should then be subtracted, based on theoretical calculations that bear their own uncertainties. Isotopically enriched targets on the other hand, do not suffer from such contaminations, leading to more accurate experimental cross section results. In this work, five highly enriched targets have been used that helped in the determination of accurate cross section data, especially in the case of the73Ge(n,d/np)72Ga, 74Ge(n,d/np)73Ga and 73Ge(n,nα)69mZn challenging reactions, that will be presented in detail in this manuscript. The experiments were carried out at the 5.5 MV Tandem Van de Graaff accelerator of N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, implementing the 3H(d,n)4He reaction for the production of the quasi-monoenergetic neutron beams.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126144165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present work, a theoretical study of the 13C + d system is carried out in the framework of the R-Matrix model. The experimental data used were taken from the IBANDL library. The cross-section measurements for the reactions have been carried out in the energy range of 0.49-1.65 MeV for three backscattering angles of 135°, 150° and 165°. The R-Matrix calculations were performed with the use of the AZURE2 code and involved the simultaneous analysis of the 13C (d, p0)14C, 13C (d, t0)12C 13C (d, a0)11B, 13C(d,a1)11B reaction channels with one, coherent set of parameters.
{"title":"Τheoretical study of the 13C + d system, in the framework of the R-Matrix model","authors":"N. Kyritsis, M. Kokkoris","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5182","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, a theoretical study of the 13C + d system is carried out in the framework of the R-Matrix model. The experimental data used were taken from the IBANDL library. The cross-section measurements for the reactions have been carried out in the energy range of 0.49-1.65 MeV for three backscattering angles of 135°, 150° and 165°. The R-Matrix calculations were performed with the use of the AZURE2 code and involved the simultaneous analysis of the 13C (d, p0)14C, 13C (d, t0)12C 13C (d, a0)11B, 13C(d,a1)11B reaction channels with one, coherent set of parameters.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128265062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since 2001, the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN has carried out a large number of cross section measurements of interest for several research fields, including Nuclear Astrophysics. The results of these measurements have improved our knowledge on the nucleosynthesis of chemical elements. Particularly relevant for the s process, reported cross sections were used to constrain the Big Bang nucleosynthesis, to benchmark stellar models against nucleosynthesis in quiet and explosive scenarios, to interpret meteoritic abundances, as well as to study the neutron source reactions in Red Giant stars. After a brief description of the n_TOF facility and the related astrophysical program, the research activities about the 13C(a,n)16O and 22Ne(a,n)25Mg neutron source reactions are discussed.
{"title":"Nuclear astrophysics at n_TOF: focus on neutron sources in stars","authors":"Cristian Massimi","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5092","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2001, the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN has carried out a large number of cross section measurements of interest for several research fields, including Nuclear Astrophysics. The results of these measurements have improved our knowledge on the nucleosynthesis of chemical elements. Particularly relevant for the s process, reported cross sections were used to constrain the Big Bang nucleosynthesis, to benchmark stellar models against nucleosynthesis in quiet and explosive scenarios, to interpret meteoritic abundances, as well as to study the neutron source reactions in Red Giant stars. After a brief description of the n_TOF facility and the related astrophysical program, the research activities about the 13C(a,n)16O and 22Ne(a,n)25Mg neutron source reactions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136230328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The detection of gravitational waves emitted by binary neutron star mergers consists a very promising tool for studying the properties of dense nuclear matter. The lack of exact evidence for a zero-temperature scenario regarding the inspiral phase of a coalescing binary neutron star system raises the question of the role of temperature. Based on some theoretical studies, the existence of temperature (about a few MeV) before the merger is possible. The main goal of our work is to study the thermal effects on the tidal deformability of neutron stars, by taking into consideration the observations of binary neutron star mergers. In our study, we used various hot equations of state, both isothermal and adiabatic, and for different nuclear models. The main finding is that for temperature below 1 MeV the tidal deformability as a function of the neutron star mass remains insensible. In the adiabatic case, this behavior is present up to entropy per baryon S=0.2 kB.
{"title":"The role of temperature on the tidal deformability of an inspiraling binary neutron star system","authors":"A. Kanakis-Pegios","doi":"10.12681/hnpsanp.5088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12681/hnpsanp.5088","url":null,"abstract":"The detection of gravitational waves emitted by binary neutron star mergers consists a very promising tool for studying the properties of dense nuclear matter. The lack of exact evidence for a zero-temperature scenario regarding the inspiral phase of a coalescing binary neutron star system raises the question of the role of temperature. Based on some theoretical studies, the existence of temperature (about a few MeV) before the merger is possible. The main goal of our work is to study the thermal effects on the tidal deformability of neutron stars, by taking into consideration the observations of binary neutron star mergers. In our study, we used various hot equations of state, both isothermal and adiabatic, and for different nuclear models. The main finding is that for temperature below 1 MeV the tidal deformability as a function of the neutron star mass remains insensible. In the adiabatic case, this behavior is present up to entropy per baryon S=0.2 kB.","PeriodicalId":262803,"journal":{"name":"HNPS Advances in Nuclear Physics","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131287650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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