Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598452
Abdullah M. Sawas, H. Farag
Recent research works have revealed that state estimators in power systems are susceptible to false data injection attacks (FDIA). Still, for an adversary, constructing a least effort attack vector is difficult and known to be L0-norm optimization problem. In this paper, two-fold intelligent approach is proposed to optimally construct the FDIA vector. First, the problem of selecting the vector components is formulated as a constrained nonlinear programming problem and is solved using Genetic Algorithm. Second, a Neural Network is trained to generate in real-time the vector amplitudes. The attack vector is optimally selected in terms of number of measurements to compromise, the set of measurements accessible be the adversary, and flexibility to successfully pass Bad Data Detection algorithm of the state estimator. The performance of the attack vectors is analyzed on the IEEE 14-bus system against AC state estimator for a range of various system loading conditions and considering two attack strategies.
{"title":"Two-fold Intelligent Approach for Successful FDI Attack on Power Systems State Estimation","authors":"Abdullah M. Sawas, H. Farag","doi":"10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598452","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research works have revealed that state estimators in power systems are susceptible to false data injection attacks (FDIA). Still, for an adversary, constructing a least effort attack vector is difficult and known to be L0-norm optimization problem. In this paper, two-fold intelligent approach is proposed to optimally construct the FDIA vector. First, the problem of selecting the vector components is formulated as a constrained nonlinear programming problem and is solved using Genetic Algorithm. Second, a Neural Network is trained to generate in real-time the vector amplitudes. The attack vector is optimally selected in terms of number of measurements to compromise, the set of measurements accessible be the adversary, and flexibility to successfully pass Bad Data Detection algorithm of the state estimator. The performance of the attack vectors is analyzed on the IEEE 14-bus system against AC state estimator for a range of various system loading conditions and considering two attack strategies.","PeriodicalId":265297,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133311780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598335
Xiaodong Liang, Xiaodi Yan, N. Khan
In this paper, measurement-based characteristic curves are developed for voltage stability and control at the point of interconnection (POI) between a wind farm and a utility grid. The procedure to obtain an effective Q-V curve from measurement data is proposed, and monthly Q-V curves are built. Each Q-V curve is created using the data corresponding to a very narrowly defined real power range so the real power can be considered constant as the conventional Q-V curve concept. The curve fitting tool box in MATLAB is used to realize the required fitting to develop mathematical equations. This paper paves a practical way to obtain mathematical functions to represent voltage stability characteristics of a particular wind farm.
{"title":"Measurement-Based Characteristic Curves at Point of Interconnection of Wind Farms","authors":"Xiaodong Liang, Xiaodi Yan, N. Khan","doi":"10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598335","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, measurement-based characteristic curves are developed for voltage stability and control at the point of interconnection (POI) between a wind farm and a utility grid. The procedure to obtain an effective Q-V curve from measurement data is proposed, and monthly Q-V curves are built. Each Q-V curve is created using the data corresponding to a very narrowly defined real power range so the real power can be considered constant as the conventional Q-V curve concept. The curve fitting tool box in MATLAB is used to realize the required fitting to develop mathematical equations. This paper paves a practical way to obtain mathematical functions to represent voltage stability characteristics of a particular wind farm.","PeriodicalId":265297,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129804769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598364
J. T. R. Pineda, Sérgio Kurokawa
This paper presents a method to estimate transmission line parameters for transposed lines from faulted current and voltage measurements at the line's terminals, in the time domain. The measurements are transformed to the modal domain, using Clarke's transformation matrix, and related to the modal impedance and admittance using the $pi$ -circuit representation. The lumped modal parameters calculated by the least square method are firstly distributed along the line and finally converted to the phase domain. The method is tested for both short and open circuit faults and proved invariant and precise for transmission lines within 800km of length.
{"title":"Estimation of parameters for faulted transposed transmission lines","authors":"J. T. R. Pineda, Sérgio Kurokawa","doi":"10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598364","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method to estimate transmission line parameters for transposed lines from faulted current and voltage measurements at the line's terminals, in the time domain. The measurements are transformed to the modal domain, using Clarke's transformation matrix, and related to the modal impedance and admittance using the $pi$ -circuit representation. The lumped modal parameters calculated by the least square method are firstly distributed along the line and finally converted to the phase domain. The method is tested for both short and open circuit faults and proved invariant and precise for transmission lines within 800km of length.","PeriodicalId":265297,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124463432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598349
A. Eajal, A. Yazdavar, E. El-Saadany, K. Ponnambalam
The future smart grid entails clusters with plug-and-play features known as microgrids. Each microgrid hosts a mix of distributed energy resources including synchronous-based. Nevertheless, synchronous-based generators, are characterised by their limited reactive power capabilities which could lead to voltage collapse problem during islanding. Microgrids also comprises controllable loads. The majority of modern loads are power-electronic-interfaced and demand voltage regulation at their ends, exhibiting constant power characteristics. Microgrids with high penetrations of constant-power loads are vulnerable to voltage collapse especially during contingencies such as weather-caused outages. To this end, this paper investigates the possibility voltage collapse phenomenon in islanded microgrids during contingencies. The voltage stability analysis was carried out on an islanded 6- bus microgrid. Several case studies were designed in order to reveal the likelihood of voltage collapse in microgrids under extreme events.
{"title":"On the Existence of Voltage Collapse in Islanded Microgrid","authors":"A. Eajal, A. Yazdavar, E. El-Saadany, K. Ponnambalam","doi":"10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598349","url":null,"abstract":"The future smart grid entails clusters with plug-and-play features known as microgrids. Each microgrid hosts a mix of distributed energy resources including synchronous-based. Nevertheless, synchronous-based generators, are characterised by their limited reactive power capabilities which could lead to voltage collapse problem during islanding. Microgrids also comprises controllable loads. The majority of modern loads are power-electronic-interfaced and demand voltage regulation at their ends, exhibiting constant power characteristics. Microgrids with high penetrations of constant-power loads are vulnerable to voltage collapse especially during contingencies such as weather-caused outages. To this end, this paper investigates the possibility voltage collapse phenomenon in islanded microgrids during contingencies. The voltage stability analysis was carried out on an islanded 6- bus microgrid. Several case studies were designed in order to reveal the likelihood of voltage collapse in microgrids under extreme events.","PeriodicalId":265297,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124903818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598299
Hisham Alharbi, Kankar Bhattacharya
In this paper, investment decisions on storage system installations by a third-party investor in a microgrid is studied. The optimal storage power rating, energy capacity, and the year of installation are determined while maximizing the investor's profit and simultaneously minimizing the microigrd operational cost. The multi-objective problem is solved using a goal programming approach with a weight assigned to each objective. The energy storage is modeled to participate in energy arbitrage and provisions for operating reserves to the microgrid. The storage system performance parameters are considered, and its capacity degradation over the planning horizon is modeled. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach and demonstrate the storage system investment decisions in different microgrid operational scenarios.
{"title":"A Goal Programming Approach to Sizing and Timing of Third Party Investments in Storage System for Microgrids","authors":"Hisham Alharbi, Kankar Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598299","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, investment decisions on storage system installations by a third-party investor in a microgrid is studied. The optimal storage power rating, energy capacity, and the year of installation are determined while maximizing the investor's profit and simultaneously minimizing the microigrd operational cost. The multi-objective problem is solved using a goal programming approach with a weight assigned to each objective. The energy storage is modeled to participate in energy arbitrage and provisions for operating reserves to the microgrid. The storage system performance parameters are considered, and its capacity degradation over the planning horizon is modeled. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach and demonstrate the storage system investment decisions in different microgrid operational scenarios.","PeriodicalId":265297,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122306224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598457
Terumi Onishi, S. Obara, M. Okada, Yuji Ito
In order to expand the introduction amount of renewable energy, it is necessary to solve various problems such as suppression of output fluctuation, cost of power supply compensator for reducing output fluctuation, and lack of transmission capacity. On the other hand, it is known that output fluctuation of renewable energy is leveled by interconnecting renewable energy dispersedly arranged in a wide area [1]. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the cost of the system by optimally distributing and link the renewable energy to a wide area. Therefore, in this study, we developed computer algorithms to optimize the location and introduction amount of renewable energy that will conduct wide area interconnections based on actual transmission network equipment. The target of the analysis was the Hokkaido area in Japan with extensive land and abundant natural energy. Using the proposed algorithm, we evaluate the relationship between economical renewable energy location and capacity, renewable energy supply rate and grid capacity. As a result, it was possible to realize an economical power system with a high percentage power supply ratio of renewable energy.
{"title":"Layout planning of renewable energy in consideration of power transmission range based on transmission capacity","authors":"Terumi Onishi, S. Obara, M. Okada, Yuji Ito","doi":"10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598457","url":null,"abstract":"In order to expand the introduction amount of renewable energy, it is necessary to solve various problems such as suppression of output fluctuation, cost of power supply compensator for reducing output fluctuation, and lack of transmission capacity. On the other hand, it is known that output fluctuation of renewable energy is leveled by interconnecting renewable energy dispersedly arranged in a wide area [1]. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the cost of the system by optimally distributing and link the renewable energy to a wide area. Therefore, in this study, we developed computer algorithms to optimize the location and introduction amount of renewable energy that will conduct wide area interconnections based on actual transmission network equipment. The target of the analysis was the Hokkaido area in Japan with extensive land and abundant natural energy. Using the proposed algorithm, we evaluate the relationship between economical renewable energy location and capacity, renewable energy supply rate and grid capacity. As a result, it was possible to realize an economical power system with a high percentage power supply ratio of renewable energy.","PeriodicalId":265297,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123005429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598378
M. Drahosová, P. Balco, Lukas K. Pokorny, Ryan Razani
This paper presents a clear relationship between agglomeration, smart cities and waste management in Slovak republic. The main contribution of this work is to investigate the relationship between smart cities management and the wastewater coming from the households to waste water treatment plant. It has been shown that the gathered information from the waste water is very useful for identifying the locations of pollution caused by medicaments and drugs in a city. We provide a brief overview of smart cities, followed by statistical information about world's population and the population of cities within Slovak republic. Moreover, the key information about the locations and the times of pollution is briefly discussed. Exploiting the network theory and the tree data structure used in this work, enables one to localize the collection points and to create the infrastructure for automatized collection of data. Compared to previous work, we identify the pollution points more effectively and more economically. Therefore, this makes the solution attractive for criminology of drug distribution points in the city. Subsequently, it leads to cleaner, safer and more environmentally friendly cities.
{"title":"The Waste Water as a Source of Information for the Urban Agglomerations Management","authors":"M. Drahosová, P. Balco, Lukas K. Pokorny, Ryan Razani","doi":"10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598378","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a clear relationship between agglomeration, smart cities and waste management in Slovak republic. The main contribution of this work is to investigate the relationship between smart cities management and the wastewater coming from the households to waste water treatment plant. It has been shown that the gathered information from the waste water is very useful for identifying the locations of pollution caused by medicaments and drugs in a city. We provide a brief overview of smart cities, followed by statistical information about world's population and the population of cities within Slovak republic. Moreover, the key information about the locations and the times of pollution is briefly discussed. Exploiting the network theory and the tree data structure used in this work, enables one to localize the collection points and to create the infrastructure for automatized collection of data. Compared to previous work, we identify the pollution points more effectively and more economically. Therefore, this makes the solution attractive for criminology of drug distribution points in the city. Subsequently, it leads to cleaner, safer and more environmentally friendly cities.","PeriodicalId":265297,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128055016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598329
Henning Wilms, M. Cupelli, A. Monti
In this paper we use publicly available time series data sets from the Global Energy Forecasting Competitions to evaluate the added value of exogenous, explanatory variables when forecasting wind, load and PV profiles. Two different auto-regressive models are built as well as one model that includes exogenous variables. All of models use recurrent neural networks (RNN) as their base architecture. The added value of exogenous variables is evaluated by comparing different accuracy metrics cross data set and cross model. The results show, that the autocorrelation of load and PV data sets produce reasonably good accuracies for auto-regressive predictions using RNNs, whereas wind production is far harder to forecast and the RNNs are not able to infer any suitable predictions using only a univariate time series.
{"title":"On the Necessity of Exogenous Variables for Load, PV and Wind Day-Ahead Forecasts using Recurrent Neural Networks","authors":"Henning Wilms, M. Cupelli, A. Monti","doi":"10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598329","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we use publicly available time series data sets from the Global Energy Forecasting Competitions to evaluate the added value of exogenous, explanatory variables when forecasting wind, load and PV profiles. Two different auto-regressive models are built as well as one model that includes exogenous variables. All of models use recurrent neural networks (RNN) as their base architecture. The added value of exogenous variables is evaluated by comparing different accuracy metrics cross data set and cross model. The results show, that the autocorrelation of load and PV data sets produce reasonably good accuracies for auto-regressive predictions using RNNs, whereas wind production is far harder to forecast and the RNNs are not able to infer any suitable predictions using only a univariate time series.","PeriodicalId":265297,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126330657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598444
Jason Jaskolka
The modern energy sector depends on advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) systems responsible for gathering, measuring, and analyzing enormous amounts of energy consumption information to make important decisions related to energy services including billing, monitoring, distribution, load balancing, and more. However, the introduction and integration of these new technologies presents a wide range of complex challenges. Assuring the confidentially, integrity, availability, and accountability of sensitive consumer information, and the safe, resilient, and reliable delivery of critical services, is among the top priorities for governments and utility providers. In this paper, we describe our experience in developing assurance cases for arguing about the security and resilience of AMI systems, and the emerging regulatory and policy challenges and lessons learned in the development of advanced tools and methods for achieving cyber-assurance for the energy sector, and critical infrastructure in general.
{"title":"Challenges in Assuring Security and Resilience of Advanced Metering Infrastructure","authors":"Jason Jaskolka","doi":"10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598444","url":null,"abstract":"The modern energy sector depends on advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) systems responsible for gathering, measuring, and analyzing enormous amounts of energy consumption information to make important decisions related to energy services including billing, monitoring, distribution, load balancing, and more. However, the introduction and integration of these new technologies presents a wide range of complex challenges. Assuring the confidentially, integrity, availability, and accountability of sensitive consumer information, and the safe, resilient, and reliable delivery of critical services, is among the top priorities for governments and utility providers. In this paper, we describe our experience in developing assurance cases for arguing about the security and resilience of AMI systems, and the emerging regulatory and policy challenges and lessons learned in the development of advanced tools and methods for achieving cyber-assurance for the energy sector, and critical infrastructure in general.","PeriodicalId":265297,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC)","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127458303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598420
A. Papachristou, A. Awad, D. Turcotte, Steven Wong, A. Prieur
Distribution networks are three-phase systems supplying electricity to loads. While, ideally, the load at each point of the network would be equally distributed among the three phases, this is not the case in practice. The three-phase voltages and currents are thus unbalanced due to the different magnitudes of loads at each phase. The integration of single-phase distributed generation (DG), e.g., photovoltaic (PV) units installed at secondary networks, adds more challenges to the voltage unbalance in distribution networks. This paper investigates through simulations the impact of DG on the voltage unbalance in Canadian benchmark rural distribution networks. The maximum penetration levels of DG that can be integrated into distribution networks are determined taking into consideration the standard limits of voltage unbalance, operating voltage limits, and thermal ratings of the feeder. Different configurations of voltage regulators and DG are studied. Simulation results showed that the voltage unbalance factor (VUF) decreases with the integration of three-phase DG especially when high penetration levels of DG are located close to the end of the main feeder. Up to 24 MW of three-phase DG can be connected to the main feeder, which is 154% of the total peak load, without violating any of the limits. It was also found that the maximum size of a single-phase DG can be at least 3 times the peak load of a given node at any single-phase lateral.
{"title":"Impact of DG on Voltage Unbalance in Canadian Benchmark Rural Distribution Networks","authors":"A. Papachristou, A. Awad, D. Turcotte, Steven Wong, A. Prieur","doi":"10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEC.2018.8598420","url":null,"abstract":"Distribution networks are three-phase systems supplying electricity to loads. While, ideally, the load at each point of the network would be equally distributed among the three phases, this is not the case in practice. The three-phase voltages and currents are thus unbalanced due to the different magnitudes of loads at each phase. The integration of single-phase distributed generation (DG), e.g., photovoltaic (PV) units installed at secondary networks, adds more challenges to the voltage unbalance in distribution networks. This paper investigates through simulations the impact of DG on the voltage unbalance in Canadian benchmark rural distribution networks. The maximum penetration levels of DG that can be integrated into distribution networks are determined taking into consideration the standard limits of voltage unbalance, operating voltage limits, and thermal ratings of the feeder. Different configurations of voltage regulators and DG are studied. Simulation results showed that the voltage unbalance factor (VUF) decreases with the integration of three-phase DG especially when high penetration levels of DG are located close to the end of the main feeder. Up to 24 MW of three-phase DG can be connected to the main feeder, which is 154% of the total peak load, without violating any of the limits. It was also found that the maximum size of a single-phase DG can be at least 3 times the peak load of a given node at any single-phase lateral.","PeriodicalId":265297,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC)","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115438863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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