Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764204
A. Salloum, Yousef M. Al-Abdullah, K. Hedman, V. Vittal
The electric power system is one of the most complex engineered systems. It is, thus, a challenge to design a market that is efficient, transparent, and provides the proper incentives to market participants. Existing market models employ constraint relaxations, which enable various constraints to be relaxed (violated) for a high penalty price. This paper examines the practice of allowing transmission assets to be overloaded in market models. While most overloads are corrected by dispatch operators before the actual operational state, some overloads are realized. Existing constraint relaxation practices specify the same penalty price regardless as to the line's voltage, anticipated current flow, probability of a contingency, or overall impact on operational security. This paper proposes a straightforward way to modify existing practices to assign higher penalty prices to lines that receive a higher risk index. The approach is tested on a real-world, large-scale system, the PJM Interconnection.
{"title":"Risk-based penalty price determination procedure for transmission constraint relaxations","authors":"A. Salloum, Yousef M. Al-Abdullah, K. Hedman, V. Vittal","doi":"10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764204","url":null,"abstract":"The electric power system is one of the most complex engineered systems. It is, thus, a challenge to design a market that is efficient, transparent, and provides the proper incentives to market participants. Existing market models employ constraint relaxations, which enable various constraints to be relaxed (violated) for a high penalty price. This paper examines the practice of allowing transmission assets to be overloaded in market models. While most overloads are corrected by dispatch operators before the actual operational state, some overloads are realized. Existing constraint relaxation practices specify the same penalty price regardless as to the line's voltage, anticipated current flow, probability of a contingency, or overall impact on operational security. This paper proposes a straightforward way to modify existing practices to assign higher penalty prices to lines that receive a higher risk index. The approach is tested on a real-world, large-scale system, the PJM Interconnection.","PeriodicalId":265474,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127726874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764119
K. Hou, H. Jia, Xiaodan Yu, Yawen Li, Chang Xie, Jianfeng Yan
An impact increment-based state enumeration (USE) method is designed to assess reliability of composite generation and transmission systems. The reliability index calculation formula of the traditional state enumeration technique is transformed into an impact increment-based formation. Based on the derived equation, the traditional state enumeration method is modified into an impact increment based one. With the proposed method, calculation of state probability are effectively simplified, and reliability indices of high accuracy can be obtained with only low order contingency states. When it is applied to composite systems, load fluctuation can also be considered by replacing impact increments with their expectations under various load levels. Case studies are performed on the RBTS system and the RTS-79 system. Results indicate that annual reliability indices can be efficiently obtained with the USE method. Comparing with traditional state enumeration and Monte Carlo simulation methods, the proposed method is more precise and efficient.
{"title":"Composite generation and transmission system reliability assessment using impact increment-based state enumeration method","authors":"K. Hou, H. Jia, Xiaodan Yu, Yawen Li, Chang Xie, Jianfeng Yan","doi":"10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764119","url":null,"abstract":"An impact increment-based state enumeration (USE) method is designed to assess reliability of composite generation and transmission systems. The reliability index calculation formula of the traditional state enumeration technique is transformed into an impact increment-based formation. Based on the derived equation, the traditional state enumeration method is modified into an impact increment based one. With the proposed method, calculation of state probability are effectively simplified, and reliability indices of high accuracy can be obtained with only low order contingency states. When it is applied to composite systems, load fluctuation can also be considered by replacing impact increments with their expectations under various load levels. Case studies are performed on the RBTS system and the RTS-79 system. Results indicate that annual reliability indices can be efficiently obtained with the USE method. Comparing with traditional state enumeration and Monte Carlo simulation methods, the proposed method is more precise and efficient.","PeriodicalId":265474,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128404546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764170
Brandon Heath, John Lawhorn
This paper examines the possibility of performing nodal level loss of load analyses using a full stochastic optimization Monte Carlo modeling tool on a transmission network the size of MISO system.
{"title":"Stochastic generator availability modeling on very large transmission network systems","authors":"Brandon Heath, John Lawhorn","doi":"10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764170","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the possibility of performing nodal level loss of load analyses using a full stochastic optimization Monte Carlo modeling tool on a transmission network the size of MISO system.","PeriodicalId":265474,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116945942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764191
M. Čepin
Probabilistic safety assessment is one of the standardized ways of assessing safety of nuclear power plants. The objective of the method is to present an extension of the fault tree in order to reduce the size of the shutdown probabilistic safety assessment model. The shutdown probabilistic safety assessment method is developed. The modelling for all plant operating states include consideration of 15 states, which were determined as appropriate representations of much more plant configurations in addition to the plant full power operation. For dealing with the complexity of the models and manageable size of the models for the sensitivity studies it is essential that the models optimizations are performed. House events matrix plays an important role as it reduces the number of the fault trees significantly. The results include the time dependent representation of the core damage frequency contributions weighted for their plant operating state durations over total duration of the shutdown timely through the whole shutdown. The risk of the plant during shutdown is smaller in general than in full power operation, however for certain specific plants and their specific plant operating states the risk for a short duration of time may increase beyond the risk of full steady state power operation.
{"title":"House events matrix for shutdown probabilistic safety assessment","authors":"M. Čepin","doi":"10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764191","url":null,"abstract":"Probabilistic safety assessment is one of the standardized ways of assessing safety of nuclear power plants. The objective of the method is to present an extension of the fault tree in order to reduce the size of the shutdown probabilistic safety assessment model. The shutdown probabilistic safety assessment method is developed. The modelling for all plant operating states include consideration of 15 states, which were determined as appropriate representations of much more plant configurations in addition to the plant full power operation. For dealing with the complexity of the models and manageable size of the models for the sensitivity studies it is essential that the models optimizations are performed. House events matrix plays an important role as it reduces the number of the fault trees significantly. The results include the time dependent representation of the core damage frequency contributions weighted for their plant operating state durations over total duration of the shutdown timely through the whole shutdown. The risk of the plant during shutdown is smaller in general than in full power operation, however for certain specific plants and their specific plant operating states the risk for a short duration of time may increase beyond the risk of full steady state power operation.","PeriodicalId":265474,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127584294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764177
Yingmeng Xiang, Lingfeng Wang, Ruosong Xiao, K. Xie
Due to the increasing power demand and the aging equipment, the electric power grid is faced with pressing challenges for maintaining its power supply reliability in an efficient and economical manner. Network topology optimization (NTO) is a promising, cost-effective method to improve the operational flexibility and the overall reliability of power systems. In this study, NTO is incorporated into the conventional reliability evaluation framework, and case studies are conducted based on a representative reliability test system. The simulation results demonstrate that the overall power system reliability could be improved assuming NTO is incorporated into the power system operation procedure. This study could offer some insights into improving power supply reliability by more fully utilizing the existing assets in a power system.
{"title":"Impact of network topology optimization on power system reliability","authors":"Yingmeng Xiang, Lingfeng Wang, Ruosong Xiao, K. Xie","doi":"10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764177","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the increasing power demand and the aging equipment, the electric power grid is faced with pressing challenges for maintaining its power supply reliability in an efficient and economical manner. Network topology optimization (NTO) is a promising, cost-effective method to improve the operational flexibility and the overall reliability of power systems. In this study, NTO is incorporated into the conventional reliability evaluation framework, and case studies are conducted based on a representative reliability test system. The simulation results demonstrate that the overall power system reliability could be improved assuming NTO is incorporated into the power system operation procedure. This study could offer some insights into improving power supply reliability by more fully utilizing the existing assets in a power system.","PeriodicalId":265474,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127087075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764220
Saeed Heidari, M. Fotuhi‐Firuzabad
In distribution system planning studies, reliability evaluation is performed during optimization procedure to calculate the interruption cost, DISCO's income and to check the viability of constraints related to reliability indices. In each iteration of the optimization algorithm a special plan is evaluated that is different from other plans. So the configuration and specification of the network which is one of the input information for reliability evaluation is changing continuously that makes difficulties for this evaluation. To solve these difficulties, this paper presents a systematic method for reliability evaluation in distribution planning studies. The proposed approach can be implemented as a subprogram in comprehensive software of distribution system planning and design.
{"title":"Reliability evaluation in power distribution system planning studies","authors":"Saeed Heidari, M. Fotuhi‐Firuzabad","doi":"10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764220","url":null,"abstract":"In distribution system planning studies, reliability evaluation is performed during optimization procedure to calculate the interruption cost, DISCO's income and to check the viability of constraints related to reliability indices. In each iteration of the optimization algorithm a special plan is evaluated that is different from other plans. So the configuration and specification of the network which is one of the input information for reliability evaluation is changing continuously that makes difficulties for this evaluation. To solve these difficulties, this paper presents a systematic method for reliability evaluation in distribution planning studies. The proposed approach can be implemented as a subprogram in comprehensive software of distribution system planning and design.","PeriodicalId":265474,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126113577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764116
Zhao Yuan, M. Hesamzadeh, Yue Cui, Lina Bertling Tjernberg
The issue of applying high performance computing (HPC) techniques to computation-intensive probabilistic optimal power flow has not been well discussed in literature. In this paper, the probabilistic convex AC OPF based on second order cone programming (P-SOCPF) is formulated. The application of P-SOCPF is demonstrated by accounting uncertainties of loads. To estimate the distributions of nodal prices calculated from P-SOCPF, two point estimation method (2PEM) is deployed. By comparing with Monte Carlo (MC) method, the accuracy of 2PEM is proved numerically. The computation efficiency of 2PEM outperforms MC significantly. In the context of large scale estimation, we propose to apply high performance computing (HPC) to P-SOCPF. The HPC accelerated P-SOCPF is implemented in GAMS grid computing environment. A flexible parallel management algorithm is designed to assign execution threads to different CPUs and then collect completed solutions. Numerical results from IEEE 118-bus and modified 1354pegase case network demonstrate that grid computing is effective means to speed up large scale P-SOCPF computation. The speed up of P-SOCPF computation is approximately equal to the number of cores in the computation node.
{"title":"Applying high performance computing to probabilistic convex optimal power flow","authors":"Zhao Yuan, M. Hesamzadeh, Yue Cui, Lina Bertling Tjernberg","doi":"10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764116","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of applying high performance computing (HPC) techniques to computation-intensive probabilistic optimal power flow has not been well discussed in literature. In this paper, the probabilistic convex AC OPF based on second order cone programming (P-SOCPF) is formulated. The application of P-SOCPF is demonstrated by accounting uncertainties of loads. To estimate the distributions of nodal prices calculated from P-SOCPF, two point estimation method (2PEM) is deployed. By comparing with Monte Carlo (MC) method, the accuracy of 2PEM is proved numerically. The computation efficiency of 2PEM outperforms MC significantly. In the context of large scale estimation, we propose to apply high performance computing (HPC) to P-SOCPF. The HPC accelerated P-SOCPF is implemented in GAMS grid computing environment. A flexible parallel management algorithm is designed to assign execution threads to different CPUs and then collect completed solutions. Numerical results from IEEE 118-bus and modified 1354pegase case network demonstrate that grid computing is effective means to speed up large scale P-SOCPF computation. The speed up of P-SOCPF computation is approximately equal to the number of cores in the computation node.","PeriodicalId":265474,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125882497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764090
Phanuwat Phunkasem, W. Wangdee, Bo Sriraphanth, B. Tanboonjit
Wide-area monitoring system (WAMS) is emerging technologies that utilize phasor measurement units (PMUs) combined with highly accurate time synchronization to deliver the time-synchronized phasor data known as “synchrophasor”. To enable more extensive applications from WAMS, an excellent synchrophasor data availability level is a must-have. In this paper, a developed software application tool for analyzing data availability and classifying causes of unavailable data is presented. The developed software tool demonstration has been done by using the actual synchrophasor data retrieved from WAMS currently installed for Thailand power grid. The synchrophasor data analysis results based on one-month and daily availability statistics are shown using visualization charts. The results indicate that the current data availability from WAMS, on average, may not yet reach the excellent level that is adequately suitable for real-time control and protection applications. The data analysis results obtained from the developed software tool can provide insightful information to guide what the data problems might be, so that appropriate corrective actions can be implemented to improve the data availability.
{"title":"Synchrophasor data availability analyzer","authors":"Phanuwat Phunkasem, W. Wangdee, Bo Sriraphanth, B. Tanboonjit","doi":"10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764090","url":null,"abstract":"Wide-area monitoring system (WAMS) is emerging technologies that utilize phasor measurement units (PMUs) combined with highly accurate time synchronization to deliver the time-synchronized phasor data known as “synchrophasor”. To enable more extensive applications from WAMS, an excellent synchrophasor data availability level is a must-have. In this paper, a developed software application tool for analyzing data availability and classifying causes of unavailable data is presented. The developed software tool demonstration has been done by using the actual synchrophasor data retrieved from WAMS currently installed for Thailand power grid. The synchrophasor data analysis results based on one-month and daily availability statistics are shown using visualization charts. The results indicate that the current data availability from WAMS, on average, may not yet reach the excellent level that is adequately suitable for real-time control and protection applications. The data analysis results obtained from the developed software tool can provide insightful information to guide what the data problems might be, so that appropriate corrective actions can be implemented to improve the data availability.","PeriodicalId":265474,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127103702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764129
Yanglin Zhou, Feng Gao, S. Ci, Yang Yang, Yuemei Xu
With the advances of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), it is possible for power customer and utility company to adjust their consumption behaviors or schemes in order to achieve higher profits in retail electricity market. Recently, relevant research emerges from demand side management (DSM) view. Time dependent pricing has been proposed as a DSM method to influence user demands. Initial investigations have shown its advantages over the conventional time independent pricing. Nevertheless, much is unknown in how a practical and effective time dependent pricing scheme can be designed. In this paper, we combine game-theoretic approach and probabilistic analysis methods to explore the design space of time dependent pricing. In particularly, we focus on usage-based and step tariff schemes. Our findings include: step tariff scheme improves capacity utilization during high demand period and can earn higher users' surplus than that in usage-based scheme all the time.
{"title":"Time-of-use pricing in retail electricity market: Step tariff vs. usage-based schemes","authors":"Yanglin Zhou, Feng Gao, S. Ci, Yang Yang, Yuemei Xu","doi":"10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764129","url":null,"abstract":"With the advances of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), it is possible for power customer and utility company to adjust their consumption behaviors or schemes in order to achieve higher profits in retail electricity market. Recently, relevant research emerges from demand side management (DSM) view. Time dependent pricing has been proposed as a DSM method to influence user demands. Initial investigations have shown its advantages over the conventional time independent pricing. Nevertheless, much is unknown in how a practical and effective time dependent pricing scheme can be designed. In this paper, we combine game-theoretic approach and probabilistic analysis methods to explore the design space of time dependent pricing. In particularly, we focus on usage-based and step tariff schemes. Our findings include: step tariff scheme improves capacity utilization during high demand period and can earn higher users' surplus than that in usage-based scheme all the time.","PeriodicalId":265474,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123617895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764057
Y. Mao, Ma Jian
The integrity of wind power output data is of great significance for the accurate prediction of wind power and the utilization of wind energy. In this paper, it is found that the power output affected by many factors, through the analysis of the mathematical model of wind turbine, and the solution of the specific expressions of the relationship with the traditional mathematical methods is hard to find. Based on the measured data of wind field, such as fan current, rotor speed, wind direction, and so on, a kind of model based on adaptive BP neural network is proposed to fill the missing wind power data. The simulation experiment shows that the accuracy rate and the average relative error of complete data get better results, besides the quality of completed data is improved effectively.
{"title":"Data completing of missing wind power data based on adaptive BP neural network","authors":"Y. Mao, Ma Jian","doi":"10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PMAPS.2016.7764057","url":null,"abstract":"The integrity of wind power output data is of great significance for the accurate prediction of wind power and the utilization of wind energy. In this paper, it is found that the power output affected by many factors, through the analysis of the mathematical model of wind turbine, and the solution of the specific expressions of the relationship with the traditional mathematical methods is hard to find. Based on the measured data of wind field, such as fan current, rotor speed, wind direction, and so on, a kind of model based on adaptive BP neural network is proposed to fill the missing wind power data. The simulation experiment shows that the accuracy rate and the average relative error of complete data get better results, besides the quality of completed data is improved effectively.","PeriodicalId":265474,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems (PMAPS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123114725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：