Background: The quality of life of older people reflects their health status and well-being and is an important area of concern for those involved in the care of older people. The objective of the study was to assess the quality of life of older people residing in a rural community at Banke district, Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 368 older people aged 60 years and above in ward number-3 (Karmona, Radhaypur, and Indrapur) of Janaki rural municipality of Banke district. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit participants. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale- BREF. T-test and ANOVA test were used to compare the mean scores of different variables and domains of quality of life. The significance level was set at p <0.05. Results: The mean score and standard deviation of total quality of life were 72.97±6.91. The mean quality of life score was lowest in the psychological domain (63.39±7.11) compared to environment (71.56±7.40), social (77.68±10.49), and physical domains (79.24±12.39). A statistically significant difference was observed on total quality of life scores between age groups (p=.001), sex (p=0.047), marital status (p=.001), occupation (p=.004), educational status (p=.001), living status (p=.007), source of livelihood (p=0.001), and physical health problems (p=.001) of older people. Conclusions: In older people, the psychological domain of quality of life necessitates particular attention along with their environment, social, and physical health.
{"title":"QUALITY OF LIFE OF OLDER PEOPLE RESIDING IN A RURAL COMMUNITY AT BANKE DISTRICT, NEPAL","authors":"K. Paudyal, Sital Gautam","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1157","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The quality of life of older people reflects their health status and well-being and is an important area of concern for those involved in the care of older people. The objective of the study was to assess the quality of life of older people residing in a rural community at Banke district, Nepal.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 368 older people aged 60 years and above in ward number-3 (Karmona, Radhaypur, and Indrapur) of Janaki rural municipality of Banke district. Purposive sampling technique was used to recruit participants. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale- BREF. T-test and ANOVA test were used to compare the mean scores of different variables and domains of quality of life. The significance level was set at p <0.05. \u0000Results: The mean score and standard deviation of total quality of life were 72.97±6.91. The mean quality of life score was lowest in the psychological domain (63.39±7.11) compared to environment (71.56±7.40), social (77.68±10.49), and physical domains (79.24±12.39). A statistically significant difference was observed on total quality of life scores between age groups (p=.001), sex (p=0.047), marital status (p=.001), occupation (p=.004), educational status (p=.001), living status (p=.007), source of livelihood (p=0.001), and physical health problems (p=.001) of older people.\u0000Conclusions: In older people, the psychological domain of quality of life necessitates particular attention along with their environment, social, and physical health.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126645144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ranjan, S. Poudyal, P. Neupane, Sabira Shrestha, Roshan Yadav, Asha Sharma
Background: Atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia are precancerous conditions associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. The prevalence of these conditions varies among countries and even among different regions in same country. There is limited data from central Nepal regarding these entities. The primary aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of atrophic gastritis in gastric biopsy of symptomatic patients. Methods: A prospective study which included all consecutive patients undergoing endoscopic gastric biopsy. Biopsies from body and antrum obtained as per Sydney protocol. Histopathological examination was done by a team of histopathologists and reported according to updated Sydney classification. Statistical software SPSS (version 26, SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL) and STATA 14 were used for statistical analysis. Results: Of 113 consecutive patients, 103 were included for final analysis (female: 59.2% and mean age: 46.29 ± 16.54 years). Dyspepsia [EPS: 69 (66.9%) and PDS:19 (18.4%)] followed by GERD in 21 (20.3%) were the commonest presentations. On histology, atrophic gastritis was present in 101 (98.05%) patients with mild-, moderate-, and severe AG seen in 12 (11.8%), 87 (86.1%), and 2 (1.9%) respectively. Prevalence of AG was not different in patients with or without H. pylori infection (p=0.10). Intestinal metaplasia was present in 13 (12.62%). Helicobacter pylori were present in 58 (56.3%) with prevalence in antrum and body being 57 (55.3%) vs. 41 (39.8%), p=0.02. Conclusions: Atrophic gastritis, IM, and H. pylori infection is highly prevalent in symptomatic patients and the prevalence in younger population is equally high compared to older population.
{"title":"PREVALENCE OF ATROPHIC GASTRITIS IN SYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS UNDERGOING GASTRIC BIOPSY IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER OF NEPAL","authors":"M. Ranjan, S. Poudyal, P. Neupane, Sabira Shrestha, Roshan Yadav, Asha Sharma","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1237","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia are precancerous conditions associated with Helicobacter pylori infection. The prevalence of these conditions varies among countries and even among different regions in same country. There is limited data from central Nepal regarding these entities. The primary aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of atrophic gastritis in gastric biopsy of symptomatic patients.\u0000Methods: A prospective study which included all consecutive patients undergoing endoscopic gastric biopsy. Biopsies from body and antrum obtained as per Sydney protocol. Histopathological examination was done by a team of histopathologists and reported according to updated Sydney classification. Statistical software SPSS (version 26, SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL) and STATA 14 were used for statistical analysis.\u0000Results: Of 113 consecutive patients, 103 were included for final analysis (female: 59.2% and mean age: 46.29 ± 16.54 years). Dyspepsia [EPS: 69 (66.9%) and PDS:19 (18.4%)] followed by GERD in 21 (20.3%) were the commonest presentations. On histology, atrophic gastritis was present in 101 (98.05%) patients with mild-, moderate-, and severe AG seen in 12 (11.8%), 87 (86.1%), and 2 (1.9%) respectively. Prevalence of AG was not different in patients with or without H. pylori infection (p=0.10). Intestinal metaplasia was present in 13 (12.62%). Helicobacter pylori were present in 58 (56.3%) with prevalence in antrum and body being 57 (55.3%) vs. 41 (39.8%), p=0.02.\u0000Conclusions: Atrophic gastritis, IM, and H. pylori infection is highly prevalent in symptomatic patients and the prevalence in younger population is equally high compared to older population.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133538975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sunil Panta, Sushil Thapa, R. Thapa, K. Paudel, Prajeeta Bhandari
Crystal deposition disorders are one of the causes of inflammatory arthropathy. A rare variety of this disorder is Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate deposition disease. It is usually seen in the elderly and progresses as calcifications in and around the joint i.e. Chondrocalcinosis with repeated synovitis leading to degenerative changes of large and unusual or non-weight-bearing joints. It is a case report of 43 years housewife with a gradually enlarging mass at posteromedial aspect of the left elbow with ulnar nerve weakness for 1 year. Radiographs revealed degenerative joint with periarticular calcifications. The electrodiagnostic test showed ulnar nerve demyelination and axonal neuropathy. Surgical excision with decompression of ulnar nerve was done. Histopathology revealed features consistent with Pseudogout. Subsequent follow-up resulted in improvement of nerve function with no clinicoradiological evidence of recurrence. So, degenerative changes with periarticular calcifications in non-weight-bearing joints should be suspected for pseudogout. It may be associated with compressive neuropathy.
{"title":"CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE DIHYDRATE DEPOSITION DISEASE OF ELBOW WITH ULNAR NERVE NEUROPATHY: A CASE REPORT","authors":"Sunil Panta, Sushil Thapa, R. Thapa, K. Paudel, Prajeeta Bhandari","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1279","url":null,"abstract":"Crystal deposition disorders are one of the causes of inflammatory arthropathy. A rare variety of this disorder is Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate deposition disease. It is usually seen in the elderly and progresses as calcifications in and around the joint i.e. Chondrocalcinosis with repeated synovitis leading to degenerative changes of large and unusual or non-weight-bearing joints. It is a case report of 43 years housewife with a gradually enlarging mass at posteromedial aspect of the left elbow with ulnar nerve weakness for 1 year. Radiographs revealed degenerative joint with periarticular calcifications. The electrodiagnostic test showed ulnar nerve demyelination and axonal neuropathy. Surgical excision with decompression of ulnar nerve was done. Histopathology revealed features consistent with Pseudogout. Subsequent follow-up resulted in improvement of nerve function with no clinicoradiological evidence of recurrence. So, degenerative changes with periarticular calcifications in non-weight-bearing joints should be suspected for pseudogout. It may be associated with compressive neuropathy.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114387208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Lamichhane, M. Humagain, A. Dawadi, Prakriti Rupakhety
Background: The ideal result of successful periodontal therapy is periodontal regeneration. Guided tissue regeneration is considered currently as gold standard for periodontal regeneration. Poor mechanical properties, biomaterials instability and lack of biocompatibility of regenerative membrane alone led to direct use of bioactive materials in defect area. So, this study was intended towards evaluation of effectiveness of resorbable membrane with bioactive molecule containing biphasic calcium phosphate determined by amount of bone fill both clinically and radiographically. Methods: A total of 20 intrabony defects from sixteen patients were selected. The study designed was Quasi experiment, a quantitative non randomized experimental trial. The clinical parameters like Plaque index, Gingival index, Pocket probing depth, Amount of Gingival recession and relative attachment level were recorded at baseline and after 6 months by using acrylic surgical stent following periodontal access flap surgery along with use of collagen membrane and alloplast bone graft. Radiographic parameters were taken using Orthopantomograph for measuring the radiographic bone fill at baseline and after 6 months. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and Wilcoxon sign rank test. Results: All the parameters post operatively were statistically significant. Clinically, gain in attachment was 2.1±1.25mm and pocket reduction was 3.35±1.39mm whereas linear radiographic bone fill was found to be 2.81±1.43mm. However, gingival recession was found to be increased post-operatively. Conclusions: The current study showed combination of bone alloplast and regenerative membrane yields promising results in treatment of human intrabony periodontal defects.
{"title":"CLINICO-RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF GUIDED TISSUE REGENERATION USING COLLAGEN MEMBRANE AND BIPHASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE IN TREATMENT OF INTRABONY PERIODONTAL DEFECTS","authors":"S. Lamichhane, M. Humagain, A. Dawadi, Prakriti Rupakhety","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1240","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The ideal result of successful periodontal therapy is periodontal regeneration. Guided tissue regeneration is considered currently as gold standard for periodontal regeneration. Poor mechanical properties, biomaterials instability and lack of biocompatibility of regenerative membrane alone led to direct use of bioactive materials in defect area. So, this study was intended towards evaluation of effectiveness of resorbable membrane with bioactive molecule containing biphasic calcium phosphate determined by amount of bone fill both clinically and radiographically.\u0000Methods: A total of 20 intrabony defects from sixteen patients were selected. The study designed was Quasi experiment, a quantitative non randomized experimental trial. The clinical parameters like Plaque index, Gingival index, Pocket probing depth, Amount of Gingival recession and relative attachment level were recorded at baseline and after 6 months by using acrylic surgical stent following periodontal access flap surgery along with use of collagen membrane and alloplast bone graft. Radiographic parameters were taken using Orthopantomograph for measuring the radiographic bone fill at baseline and after 6 months. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and Wilcoxon sign rank test.\u0000Results: All the parameters post operatively were statistically significant. Clinically, gain in attachment was 2.1±1.25mm and pocket reduction was 3.35±1.39mm whereas linear radiographic bone fill was found to be 2.81±1.43mm. However, gingival recession was found to be increased post-operatively.\u0000Conclusions: The current study showed combination of bone alloplast and regenerative membrane yields promising results in treatment of human intrabony periodontal defects.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114824813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dipa Sigdel, A. Joshi, Taniya Thapa, Pratima Koirala, K. Sharma
Background: Dysmenorrhea is a common gynaecologic complaint among adolescent female. Despite of being a natural phenomenon it has severe impact on day to day activities such as school absenteeism, decreased social and physical activities. Hence, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of dysmenorrhoea and it’s effects among adolescent girls in Chitwan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 393 female adolescent students who were studying in secondary and higher secondary level in public schools of Bharatpur, Chitwan. Students were selected through proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected by using structured self-administered questionnaire from January 17, 2021 to February 16, 2021. Data were analysed in SPSS software version 20 for window using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Prevalence of dysmenorrhoea was found to be 87.5% and 47.4% of adolescents experienced moderate level of menstrual pain. Three fourth (75%) of adolescents reported decreased in physical activity, difficulty in sleep (67.7%), unnecessary irritation (65.4%) and class absenteeism (38.1%) during menstruation. Most (89.8%) of the adolescents communicate their problem with others and 40.7% apply heat therapy. Prior health education [AOR:4.087, 95% CI: 1.980 – 8.403) and family history of dysmenorrhoea [AOR:2.786, 95% CI: 1.408– 5.495) were found to be statistically significant with dysmenorrhoea. Conclusions: Dysmenorrhoea is the most common problem among the adolescents that affects various domains of life. Hence, the concerned authorities need to consider various factors such as health seeking behavior, educational intervention and counselling in order to mitigate the silent problems related to menstruation.
{"title":"PREVALENCE AND PREDICTORS OF DYSMENORRHOEA AND IT’S EFFECTS AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN CHITWAN, NEPAL","authors":"Dipa Sigdel, A. Joshi, Taniya Thapa, Pratima Koirala, K. Sharma","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1251","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dysmenorrhea is a common gynaecologic complaint among adolescent female. Despite of being a natural phenomenon it has severe impact on day to day activities such as school absenteeism, decreased social and physical activities. Hence, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of dysmenorrhoea and it’s effects among adolescent girls in Chitwan.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 393 female adolescent students who were studying in secondary and higher secondary level in public schools of Bharatpur, Chitwan. Students were selected through proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected by using structured self-administered questionnaire from January 17, 2021 to February 16, 2021. Data were analysed in SPSS software version 20 for window using descriptive and inferential statistics.\u0000Results: Prevalence of dysmenorrhoea was found to be 87.5% and 47.4% of adolescents experienced moderate level of menstrual pain. Three fourth (75%) of adolescents reported decreased in physical activity, difficulty in sleep (67.7%), unnecessary irritation (65.4%) and class absenteeism (38.1%) during menstruation. Most (89.8%) of the adolescents communicate their problem with others and 40.7% apply heat therapy. Prior health education [AOR:4.087, 95% CI: 1.980 – 8.403) and family history of dysmenorrhoea [AOR:2.786, 95% CI: 1.408– 5.495) were found to be statistically significant with dysmenorrhoea.\u0000Conclusions: Dysmenorrhoea is the most common problem among the adolescents that affects various domains of life. Hence, the concerned authorities need to consider various factors such as health seeking behavior, educational intervention and counselling in order to mitigate the silent problems related to menstruation.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"17 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120844236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Adhikari, Grishma Shree Chudal, R. R. Karn, S. Thakur, Rakshya Panta Sitoula, S. Singh
Background: Uncorrected refractive error is the leading cause of visual impairment. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of refractive error among school-going children of Sunsari district and Biratnagar metropolitan city, Nepal. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from August 2018 to January 2020. Comprehensive eye examination was performed by an experienced optometrist and ophthalmic assistant trained in Paediatric eye care. Data was entered in software, transferred to Microsoft Excel, and analyzed by using SPSS version-20. Results: During this period a total of 186215 students were enrolled. Primary screening was done for 124993 (67%) students and Secondary screening was done for 14355(11.5%) children. The overall prevalence of refractive error was 7439 (5.9%) found mostly in male 3897 (52.4%) of 11 to 15 years of age group 4554 (61.2%) (P=0.00). The prevalence of refractive error at schools of Biratnagar was 3156 (7.9%), Dharan was 1680 (8.5%) and Itahari was 1538 (6.0%). It was mostly found in private school going children of urban areas (5.4%) (P=0.00). Myopia (53%) was the most common type of refractive error (P=0.00). Conclusions: The prevalence of refractive error was high in private school of urban area. There is a need to conduct school screening program in both urban and rural areas to rule out the refractive error and other ocular morbidities on time for better quality of life.
{"title":"PREVALENCE OF REFRACTIVE ERROR IN SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN OF SUNSARI DISTRICT AND BIRATNAGAR, NEPAL","authors":"P. Adhikari, Grishma Shree Chudal, R. R. Karn, S. Thakur, Rakshya Panta Sitoula, S. Singh","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1231","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Uncorrected refractive error is the leading cause of visual impairment. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of refractive error among school-going children of Sunsari district and Biratnagar metropolitan city, Nepal.\u0000Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from August 2018 to January 2020. Comprehensive eye examination was performed by an experienced optometrist and ophthalmic assistant trained in Paediatric eye care. Data was entered in software, transferred to Microsoft Excel, and analyzed by using SPSS version-20.\u0000Results: During this period a total of 186215 students were enrolled. Primary screening was done for 124993 (67%) students and Secondary screening was done for 14355(11.5%) children. The overall prevalence of refractive error was 7439 (5.9%) found mostly in male 3897 (52.4%) of 11 to 15 years of age group 4554 (61.2%) (P=0.00). The prevalence of refractive error at schools of Biratnagar was 3156 (7.9%), Dharan was 1680 (8.5%) and Itahari was 1538 (6.0%). It was mostly found in private school going children of urban areas (5.4%) (P=0.00). Myopia (53%) was the most common type of refractive error (P=0.00).\u0000Conclusions: The prevalence of refractive error was high in private school of urban area. There is a need to conduct school screening program in both urban and rural areas to rule out the refractive error and other ocular morbidities on time for better quality of life.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127812190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karnika Yadav, S. Poudyal, Shivalingase K.K, A. Pradhan
Background: Good oral health plays an important role to improve the quality of life and general health of the people. Oral health depends on several factors including individual personal attitudes, behavior and perception. The aim was to assess the gingival health and oral hygiene among the population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in outpatient department of Community Dentistry among 369 patient of age group of 18-60 years. History taking and oral health examination was done to collect the information. The questionnaire covered demographic details, ethnicity, religion, oral hygiene habits and gingival health of the participants. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 20 version using descriptive test like frequencies, percentage. Chi square test was done to determine the association between brushing technique and gingival index score and Fischer exact test was used to see the association between material used and gingival index. Results: Majority of the participants were female (62.6%). Nearly 84% participants were from urban area. About 25% belong to Newar ethnicity. Most of them used horizontal method of cleaning (58.0%). About 99% of the participants used toothbrush and toothpaste. Most of the participants brushed once a day (68.6%). About 82% used before breakfast in the morning . Nearly half of the participants (49.9) % had mild gingivitis. Conclusions: The gingival health and oral hygiene practices play a important role. The oral hygiene practice has been adopted by majority of the participants however, more than half of the patient are suffering from any form of gingivitis which is comparatively higher than other population.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF GINGIVAL HEALTH AND ORAL HYGIENE PRACTICES AMONG THE PATIENTS VISITING A DENTAL HOSPITAL IN KATHMANDU","authors":"Karnika Yadav, S. Poudyal, Shivalingase K.K, A. Pradhan","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1244","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Good oral health plays an important role to improve the quality of life and general health of the people. Oral health depends on several factors including individual personal attitudes, behavior and perception. The aim was to assess the gingival health and oral hygiene among the population.\u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in outpatient department of Community Dentistry among 369 patient of age group of 18-60 years. History taking and oral health examination was done to collect the information. The questionnaire covered demographic details, ethnicity, religion, oral hygiene habits and gingival health of the participants. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 20 version using descriptive test like frequencies, percentage. Chi square test was done to determine the association between brushing technique and gingival index score and Fischer exact test was used to see the association between material used and gingival index.\u0000Results: Majority of the participants were female (62.6%). Nearly 84% participants were from urban area. About 25% belong to Newar ethnicity. Most of them used horizontal method of cleaning (58.0%). About 99% of the participants used toothbrush and toothpaste. Most of the participants brushed once a day (68.6%). About 82% used before breakfast in the morning . Nearly half of the participants (49.9) % had mild gingivitis.\u0000Conclusions: The gingival health and oral hygiene practices play a important role. The oral hygiene practice has been adopted by majority of the participants however, more than half of the patient are suffering from any form of gingivitis which is comparatively higher than other population.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114192775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Chronic Otitis Media is the chronic inflammation of the middle ear cleft and is broadly divided into mucosal and squamous types. Chronic otitis media often results in partial or total loss of the tympanic membrane and ossicles leading to conductive hearing loss that can be as severe as 60 decibels. The objective of this study was to find out the status of the ossicles in patients diagnosed with chronic otitis media mucosal inactive type undergoing type I tympanoplasty. Methods: This observational study was conducted in the Department of ENT-HNS, NMCTH from September 2017 to August 2018. A total of 53 patients with chronic otitis media mucosal inactive were included in the study. All the details required were noted in an especially prepared proforma after history taking and adequate physical examination. The status of the ossicular chain was assessed during the surgery. Results: A total of 53 patients were included in the study. There were more female patients (58.5%) than male (41.5%) patients. Hearing loss was observed in 52 (98%) of the patients. The majority of the patients had a mild degree of hearing loss (60.4%). The mean of the pre-operative air-conduction threshold and air-bone gap were 39.81 dB and 28.70 dB respectively. Intra-operative ossicular chain lesions were found in 18(34%) and the most common ossicular chain lesions was erosion of incus 8(44.4%). Conclusions: This study shows that ossicular chain lesions are the common intraoperative finding of chronic otitis media during tympanoplasties, with an erosion of the incus being the commonest lesion.
{"title":"INTRA-OPERATIVE OSSICULAR CHAIN FINDINGS IN CHRONIC OTITIS MEDIA MUCOSAL INACTIVE TYPE","authors":"Rahul Mahato, A. Jha","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1247","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic Otitis Media is the chronic inflammation of the middle ear cleft and is broadly divided into mucosal and squamous types. Chronic otitis media often results in partial or total loss of the tympanic membrane and ossicles leading to conductive hearing loss that can be as severe as 60 decibels. The objective of this study was to find out the status of the ossicles in patients diagnosed with chronic otitis media mucosal inactive type undergoing type I tympanoplasty.\u0000Methods: This observational study was conducted in the Department of ENT-HNS, NMCTH from September 2017 to August 2018. A total of 53 patients with chronic otitis media mucosal inactive were included in the study. All the details required were noted in an especially prepared proforma after history taking and adequate physical examination. The status of the ossicular chain was assessed during the surgery.\u0000Results: A total of 53 patients were included in the study. There were more female patients (58.5%) than male (41.5%) patients. Hearing loss was observed in 52 (98%) of the patients. The majority of the patients had a mild degree of hearing loss (60.4%). The mean of the pre-operative air-conduction threshold and air-bone gap were 39.81 dB and 28.70 dB respectively. Intra-operative ossicular chain lesions were found in 18(34%) and the most common ossicular chain lesions was erosion of incus 8(44.4%).\u0000Conclusions: This study shows that ossicular chain lesions are the common intraoperative finding of chronic otitis media during tympanoplasties, with an erosion of the incus being the commonest lesion.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129130985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The esthetic concerns of patients have become an essential part of periodontal therapy. Gingival recession is one of the common esthetic concerns of periodontal tissue resulting in root exposure and may favor the initiation of tooth sensitivity. Different surgical techniques have been proposed in order to cover the area of recession and to prevent further recession by increasing the width of the attached gingiva. This paper reports a case in which a sub epithelial connective tissue graft was used to produce root coverage for Miller class II recession.
{"title":"COVERAGE OF GINGIVAL RECESSION USING SUB EPITHELIAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE GRAFT TECHNIQUE","authors":"Erika Shrestha, Shristi Kafle","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1274","url":null,"abstract":"The esthetic concerns of patients have become an essential part of periodontal therapy. Gingival recession is one of the common esthetic concerns of periodontal tissue resulting in root exposure and may favor the initiation of tooth sensitivity. Different surgical techniques have been proposed in order to cover the area of recession and to prevent further recession by increasing the width of the attached gingiva. This paper reports a case in which a sub epithelial connective tissue graft was used to produce root coverage for Miller class II recession.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122103486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing, it is imperative to vaccinate most people, including children, to achieve herd immunity against the pandemic. Since parents are the ones who ultimately decide whether to vaccinate their children, this viewpoint was conducted to determine parents' acceptance and reluctance to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. This viewpoint aims to identify the predictors and ethical considerations of childhood vaccination. Several predictive factors contribute to the decision to accept or refuse the COVID-19 vaccine for children. Predictor factors that influence the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in children are citizen trust in government, conspiratorial beliefs, intention of parents, psychological reactance, and magical beliefs. Ethical considerations must also be considered, because this is very important. Ethical considerations that may be a dilemma for vaccine acceptance such as autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice.
{"title":"COVID-19 VACCINATION IN CHILDREN: AN UPDATE FOR THE NEW ERA OF COVID-19","authors":"Aprianto Daniel Pailaha","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1238","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing, it is imperative to vaccinate most people, including children, to achieve herd immunity against the pandemic. Since parents are the ones who ultimately decide whether to vaccinate their children, this viewpoint was conducted to determine parents' acceptance and reluctance to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. This viewpoint aims to identify the predictors and ethical considerations of childhood vaccination. Several predictive factors contribute to the decision to accept or refuse the COVID-19 vaccine for children. Predictor factors that influence the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in children are citizen trust in government, conspiratorial beliefs, intention of parents, psychological reactance, and magical beliefs. Ethical considerations must also be considered, because this is very important. Ethical considerations that may be a dilemma for vaccine acceptance such as autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115636711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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