Background: Chronic Kidney Disease is a serious, long-term illness that is increasing rapidly worldwide. Hemodialysis is the treatment option for the patients with this disease, which affects their daily life in both positive and negative perspective. This study was undertaken to explore the lived experiences of patients with hemodialysis in Chitwan. Methods: Qualitative descriptive phenomenological study was used and a total twelve patients receiving hemodialysis from 11th August 2019 to 9th September 2019 were selected purposively for the study. Data were collected using in-depth interview guidelines and analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven steps of analysis. Results: Five themes and eighteen subthemes were extracted from the study. They were i) perception about chronic kidney disease (irremediable condition, lethal illness and strenuous ailment with living in confinement) ii) pathway to illness identification (symptoms experience, diagnostic journey and treatment options iii) meaning of living with hemodialysis (renewed hope of survival, uncertainty of life, restricted lifestyle and substandard quality of living) iv) impact of hemodialysis on daily life (soothing effect on body, physical discomfort due to side-effects, mental anguish, social detachment, breach in relationship and economic adversity) and v) journey towards adaptation (acceptance of illness and inability of coping). Conclusions: Patients perceive hemodialysis as a hope for survival and tool for relieving their physical tribulations. But they also experience various physical, psychological, social and financial troubles in their daily life. Hence, it is mandatory for health care providers to understand their experiences to provide them need based holistic care. Nepal government also needs to formulate health policy addressing the need of hemodialysis patients.
{"title":"LIVED EXPERIENCES OF PATIENTS WITH HEMODIALYSIS IN CHITWAN","authors":"S. Bhattarai, K. Sharma","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1143","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic Kidney Disease is a serious, long-term illness that is increasing rapidly worldwide. Hemodialysis is the treatment option for the patients with this disease, which affects their daily life in both positive and negative perspective. This study was undertaken to explore the lived experiences of patients with hemodialysis in Chitwan.\u0000Methods: Qualitative descriptive phenomenological study was used and a total twelve patients receiving hemodialysis from 11th August 2019 to 9th September 2019 were selected purposively for the study. Data were collected using in-depth interview guidelines and analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven steps of analysis.\u0000Results: Five themes and eighteen subthemes were extracted from the study. They were i) perception about chronic kidney disease (irremediable condition, lethal illness and strenuous ailment with living in confinement) ii) pathway to illness identification (symptoms experience, diagnostic journey and treatment options iii) meaning of living with hemodialysis (renewed hope of survival, uncertainty of life, restricted lifestyle and substandard quality of living) iv) impact of hemodialysis on daily life (soothing effect on body, physical discomfort due to side-effects, mental anguish, social detachment, breach in relationship and economic adversity) and v) journey towards adaptation (acceptance of illness and inability of coping).\u0000Conclusions: Patients perceive hemodialysis as a hope for survival and tool for relieving their physical tribulations. But they also experience various physical, psychological, social and financial troubles in their daily life. Hence, it is mandatory for health care providers to understand their experiences to provide them need based holistic care. Nepal government also needs to formulate health policy addressing the need of hemodialysis patients.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128783664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The colour of gingiva is usually considered as “coral pink” which is determined by thickness and degree of keratinization, vascular supply, pigmentation like melanin, and various exogenous substances like tobacco, colouring agents in foods, etc. Gingival hyperpigmentation may be a pathological condition but it is usually a physiological condition that is a major esthetic problem for a patient with a high smile line. Gingival depigmentation is a periodontal plastic surgical procedure that reduces or eliminates the degree of pigmentation. Different treatment modalities for gingival depigmentation have been documented, such as scalpel, electrosurgery, diamond burs, chemical methods, cryosurgery, lasers, and micro-needling with ascorbic acid. This article reports the depigmentation procedure of hyperpigmented gingiva with electrocautery in 25 years old male patient.
{"title":"ESTHETIC MANAGEMENT OF GINGIVAL HYPERPIGMENTATION WITH ELECTROSURGERY TECHNIQUE: A CASE REPORT","authors":"A. Rijal, B. Dhami, Pratistha Ghimire","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1183","url":null,"abstract":"The colour of gingiva is usually considered as “coral pink” which is determined by thickness and degree of keratinization, vascular supply, pigmentation like melanin, and various exogenous substances like tobacco, colouring agents in foods, etc. Gingival hyperpigmentation may be a pathological condition but it is usually a physiological condition that is a major esthetic problem for a patient with a high smile line. Gingival depigmentation is a periodontal plastic surgical procedure that reduces or eliminates the degree of pigmentation. Different treatment modalities for gingival depigmentation have been documented, such as scalpel, electrosurgery, diamond burs, chemical methods, cryosurgery, lasers, and micro-needling with ascorbic acid. This article reports the depigmentation procedure of hyperpigmented gingiva with electrocautery in 25 years old male patient.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130748578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. R. Joshi, M. Guragain, L. Khanal, Anupama Shrestha, B. Khanal, S. Khathiwada, Anjan Palikhey, Shishtata Khanal
Background: Dental impressions become contaminated with micro-organism from patient’s saliva and blood which can cross-infect stone cast poured against them. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of commercially available disinfection products, one containing glutaraldehyde, sodium hypo chloride and ethanol for disinfection of impressions material. Methods: For this investigations, dental impression of 60 patients were taken. Impression was made in 5 mm slices for each disinfectants. Sectioned impression were immersed in gluteral aldehyde, sodium hypo chloride, and ethanol solutions. Antibacterial property of these disinfectants were evaluated by inoculating the sample saline solution into nutrient agar medium. Results: There is no significant different between these three disinfecting solution (P<0.05).all these disinfecting solution seems effective against the bacterial growth. Conclusions: Addition silicone impressions should always be disinfected after water wash in order to reduce effectively the cross-infection risk. All disinfectants tested showed high antimicrobial efficiency. Ethanol can be good economical alternative for disinfecting addition silicone.
{"title":"ROLE OF THREE DIFFERENT DISINFECTANTS FOR PREVENTING BACTERIAL GROWTH IN DENTAL IMPRESSION MATERIAL","authors":"K. R. Joshi, M. Guragain, L. Khanal, Anupama Shrestha, B. Khanal, S. Khathiwada, Anjan Palikhey, Shishtata Khanal","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1155","url":null,"abstract":"Background: \u0000Dental impressions become contaminated with micro-organism from patient’s saliva and blood which can cross-infect stone cast poured against them. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of commercially available disinfection products, one containing glutaraldehyde, sodium hypo chloride and ethanol for disinfection of impressions material. \u0000Methods: For this investigations, dental impression of 60 patients were taken. Impression was made in 5 mm slices for each disinfectants. Sectioned impression were immersed in gluteral aldehyde, sodium hypo chloride, and ethanol solutions. Antibacterial property of these disinfectants were evaluated by inoculating the sample saline solution into nutrient agar medium. \u0000Results: There is no significant different between these three disinfecting solution (P<0.05).all these disinfecting solution seems effective against the bacterial growth. \u0000Conclusions: Addition silicone impressions should always be disinfected after water wash in order to reduce effectively the cross-infection risk. All disinfectants tested showed high antimicrobial efficiency. Ethanol can be good economical alternative for disinfecting addition silicone.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"38 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132899358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Khadka, S. Chalise, Jeegyasha Thapa, Rashmi Ranjan
Background: Self-medication is a practice of using medications without prescription. It is a common practice in developing world like Nepal. The study aimed to assess the practice of self-medication in patients attending ENT and Head and Neck outpatient department of KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019- August 2021. Total 220 patients attending the ENT outpatients during the study period were enrolled in the study. Informed consent was taken from the patients. The semi structured pretested questionnaire was used to interview the patients by the trained medical doctor. Statistical analysis of data was performed by using Excel and SPSS. Results: Among the 220(8.7%) respondents’ 52.7 percent were males and 47.3 percent were females. Adults with age ranging between 30 to 44 were found to practice self-medication (34.5%). Most of them were house wives (25.9%). The common reasons for practice of self-medication were mild illness (64.1%), and the main source of self-medication was chemist (73.6%). Conclusions: Self-medication is common practice in Nepal however our study indicates a decreasing trend of self-medication, especially in urban areas where access to health service is easy. The findings of the study indicate antibiotics are used more frequently as self-medication even in urban settings. This indicates misuse of access to medicines and can lead to rise of antibiotics resistant. So, we think national guideline should be prepared to make self-medication practice safe and rational.
{"title":"PRACTICE OF SELF-MEDICATION IN NEPALESE PATIENTS PRESENTING IN ENT OUTPATIENT OF KIST MEDICAL COLLEGE TEACHING HOSPITAL","authors":"S. Khadka, S. Chalise, Jeegyasha Thapa, Rashmi Ranjan","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.688","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Self-medication is a practice of using medications without prescription. It is a common practice in developing world like Nepal. The study aimed to assess the practice of self-medication in patients attending ENT and Head and Neck outpatient department of KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital.\u0000Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019- August 2021. Total 220 patients attending the ENT outpatients during the study period were enrolled in the study. Informed consent was taken from the patients. The semi structured pretested questionnaire was used to interview the patients by the trained medical doctor. Statistical analysis of data was performed by using Excel and SPSS.\u0000Results: Among the 220(8.7%) respondents’ 52.7 percent were males and 47.3 percent were females. Adults with age ranging between 30 to 44 were found to practice self-medication (34.5%). Most of them were house wives (25.9%). The common reasons for practice of self-medication were mild illness (64.1%), and the main source of self-medication was chemist (73.6%).\u0000Conclusions: Self-medication is common practice in Nepal however our study indicates a decreasing trend of self-medication, especially in urban areas where access to health service is easy. The findings of the study indicate antibiotics are used more frequently as self-medication even in urban settings. This indicates misuse of access to medicines and can lead to rise of antibiotics resistant. So, we think national guideline should be prepared to make self-medication practice safe and rational.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"436 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115935956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: There are many techniques and methods for estimating the maxillary anterior teeth in edentulous patient. Inner-canthal and inter- alar width are one of the methods to establish inter-canine width. The objective of our study is to assess the relation of inner-canthal distance and inter-alar width with inter-canine width and canine-to-canine distance. Methods: Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 161 participants were selected. Four parameters, Inner-Canthal Distance, Inter-Alar Width, Inter-Canine Width and Canine tip to Canine tip were measured using digital Vernier caliper. Data entry was done in Microsoft Excel and data analysis on SPSS 21. Descriptive statistics and independent t-test were used. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to find association between continuous variables like Inner-Canthal Distance and Inter-Alar Width with Inter-Canine Width and Canine tip to Canine tip width. Results: Strong positive correlation was found between Inner-Canthal Distance and Canine tip to Canine tip (+0.065) among males. the multiplying factor of Inter-Alar Width and Inner-Canthal Distance was 1.002 to obtain Inter-Canine Width. Similarly, the multiplying factor of Inter-Alar Width was 1.006 and Inner-Canthal Distance was 1.003 to obtain Canine tip to Canine tip. Moderate positive correlation was found between inner canthal distance and canine tip to canine tip among Mongolians and weak positive correlation among Aryans. Conclusions: Study showed that Inner-Canthal Distance and Inter-Alar width can be used to determine combined width of maxillary anterior teeth and tip of canine-to-canine distance in absence of pre-extraction records during complete denture fabrication.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP OF INNER-CANTHAL DISTANCE AND INTERALAR WIDTH TO THE INTER-CANINE WIDTH AMONGST THE POPULATION OF Chitwan","authors":"Anisha Pandey, Bhawana Kayastha, R. Bhattarai","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1123","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There are many techniques and methods for estimating the maxillary anterior teeth in edentulous patient. Inner-canthal and inter- alar width are one of the methods to establish inter-canine width. The objective of our study is to assess the relation of inner-canthal distance and inter-alar width with inter-canine width and canine-to-canine distance.\u0000Methods: Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 161 participants were selected. Four parameters, Inner-Canthal Distance, Inter-Alar Width, Inter-Canine Width and Canine tip to Canine tip were measured using digital Vernier caliper. Data entry was done in Microsoft Excel and data analysis on SPSS 21. Descriptive statistics and independent t-test were used. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to find association between continuous variables like Inner-Canthal Distance and Inter-Alar Width with Inter-Canine Width and Canine tip to Canine tip width.\u0000Results: Strong positive correlation was found between Inner-Canthal Distance and Canine tip to Canine tip (+0.065) among males. the multiplying factor of Inter-Alar Width and Inner-Canthal Distance was 1.002 to obtain Inter-Canine Width. Similarly, the multiplying factor of Inter-Alar Width was 1.006 and Inner-Canthal Distance was 1.003 to obtain Canine tip to Canine tip. Moderate positive correlation was found between inner canthal distance and canine tip to canine tip among Mongolians and weak positive correlation among Aryans.\u0000Conclusions: Study showed that Inner-Canthal Distance and Inter-Alar width can be used to determine combined width of maxillary anterior teeth and tip of canine-to-canine distance in absence of pre-extraction records during complete denture fabrication.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131792316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Accommodation is the ability of the eye to change the refractive power of the lens to automatically focus on objects at various distances, amplitude of accommodation varies with age, and different types of refractive errors. The study aimed to find out amplitude of accommodation in different age groups in people with different refractive status of the eye, and onset of presbyopia in central Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology of a tertiary care hospital from 15 October 2021 to 15 May 2022. Convenience sampling was done. Basic demographic data, clinical characteristics, data regarding amplitude of accommodation, refractive status, and age of onset of presbyopia was noted. Data entry, and analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26. Results: A total of 519 study participants, (1038 eyes) were enrolled in the study aging 30-60 years. Mean amplitude of accommodation in the study participants was3.4±1.5 (2-9.0) Dioptre. Amplitude of accommodation was high in younger age group participants, and myopes, 4.4±1.7 (2-9.09) Dioptre followed by the emmetropes. Age of onset of presbyopia in myopes, 43.9±0.7 years was late than the hypermetropes, and the emmetropes. Conclusions: Amplitude of accommodation was highest in younger age group subjects, and subjects with myopia. In hypermetropes the amplitude of accommodation was low and they presented with presbyopic features early, when compared with emmetropes, and myopes.
{"title":"AMPLITUDE OF ACCOMMODATION IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS, AND ONSET OF PRESBYOPIA IN GENERAL POPULATION OF CENTRAL NEPAL","authors":"Pradeep Bastola, Polina Dahal","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1128","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Accommodation is the ability of the eye to change the refractive power of the lens to automatically focus on objects at various distances, amplitude of accommodation varies with age, and different types of refractive errors. The study aimed to find out amplitude of accommodation in different age groups in people with different refractive status of the eye, and onset of presbyopia in central Nepal.\u0000Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology of a tertiary care hospital from 15 October 2021 to 15 May 2022. Convenience sampling was done. Basic demographic data, clinical characteristics, data regarding amplitude of accommodation, refractive status, and age of onset of presbyopia was noted. Data entry, and analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26.\u0000Results: A total of 519 study participants, (1038 eyes) were enrolled in the study aging 30-60 years. Mean amplitude of accommodation in the study participants was3.4±1.5 (2-9.0) Dioptre. Amplitude of accommodation was high in younger age group participants, and myopes, 4.4±1.7 (2-9.09) Dioptre followed by the emmetropes. Age of onset of presbyopia in myopes, 43.9±0.7 years was late than the hypermetropes, and the emmetropes.\u0000Conclusions: Amplitude of accommodation was highest in younger age group subjects, and subjects with myopia. In hypermetropes the amplitude of accommodation was low and they presented with presbyopic features early, when compared with emmetropes, and myopes.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130432975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Dhungana, A. Pandeya, Subash Pant, Baburam Pokharel
Background: In spite of antioxidant property serum uric acid (SUA) has a positive association with blood glucose. SUA is considered as a strong and an independent risk factor for diabetes but low serum level of uric acid has been reported in the hyperglycemic state. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies resulting from defect in insulin action. So, aim of this study is to assess whether there is any change in SUA level and to establish whether there is any association with type II diabetes mellitus (DM) or not. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 264 cases of DM. SUA, fasting blood glucose (FBG), post-prandial blood glucose (PPBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level were measured. Pearson’s correlation was employed to calculate the ‘r’ value by using SPSS version 15. Results: In our study prevalence of hyperuricemia was 18.5%. Mean SUA in male and female was 5.95 mg/dl and 5.54 mg/dl respectively in DM. HbA1c has positive correlation with FBG and PPBG (r value = 0.720 and 0.775, respectively p=<0.001), while SUA has negative correlation with HbA1c, FBG and PPBG (r value= -0.179, p =0.004, -0.070, p=0.257 and -0.078, p=-0.204 respectively.). Conclusions: SUA level is increased in DM. SUA was high among male and SUA initially increased when FBS and HbA1c increases then decreases as FBG and HbA1c level were further increased. SUA has negative correlation with FBG, PPBG and HbA1c, while HbA1c has a positive correlation with FBG and PPBG.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF SERUM URIC ACID, GLUCOSE AND OTHER GLYCEMIC PARAMETER IN TYPE II DIABETIC INDIVIDUALS","authors":"A. Dhungana, A. Pandeya, Subash Pant, Baburam Pokharel","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.687","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In spite of antioxidant property serum uric acid (SUA) has a positive association with blood glucose. SUA is considered as a strong and an independent risk factor for diabetes but low serum level of uric acid has been reported in the hyperglycemic state. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies resulting from defect in insulin action. So, aim of this study is to assess whether there is any change in SUA level and to establish whether there is any association with type II diabetes mellitus (DM) or not.\u0000Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 264 cases of DM. SUA, fasting blood glucose (FBG), post-prandial blood glucose (PPBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level were measured. Pearson’s correlation was employed to calculate the ‘r’ value by using SPSS version 15.\u0000Results: In our study prevalence of hyperuricemia was 18.5%. Mean SUA in male and female was 5.95 mg/dl and 5.54 mg/dl respectively in DM. HbA1c has positive correlation with FBG and PPBG (r value = 0.720 and 0.775, respectively p=<0.001), while SUA has negative correlation with HbA1c, FBG and PPBG (r value= -0.179, p =0.004, -0.070, p=0.257 and -0.078, p=-0.204 respectively.).\u0000Conclusions: SUA level is increased in DM. SUA was high among male and SUA initially increased when FBS and HbA1c increases then decreases as FBG and HbA1c level were further increased. SUA has negative correlation with FBG, PPBG and HbA1c, while HbA1c has a positive correlation with FBG and PPBG.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123080971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Puja Baniya Chhetri, Buddhi Kumar Shrestha, S. Shrestha, P. Pathak, R. Shrestha, Manisha Acharya
Background: The risk to the mother and the fetus increase with advancing gestation age. Our study aims to study the maternal and fetal outcome in pregnancy extending beyond the expected date of delivery so that safe timings of induction and appropriate mode of delivery can be determined. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 152 patients with pregnancy beyond the expected date who presented to the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital from the time period of October 2019- November 2021.The primary outcome measures were obtained in terms of rate of cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, wound infection, admission in neonatal intensive care unit, birth asphyxia and meconium aspiration syndrome. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test with P value <0.05. Results: The majority of 86 (56.58%) patients were between 40-41 weeks of gestation. Maximum number of vaginal deliveries were seen between 40-41weeks (77.90%). Overall cesarean section rate was 40.13% with maximum number between 41-42 weeks (64.28%). Fetal distress with meconium-stained liquor was the most common indication (36.06%). The rate of neonatal intensive care unit admission was 16.44% with birth asphyxia (12.50%) and meconium aspiration syndrome (8.55%) as the primary cause for admission. Maternal complications like oligohydramnios, postpartum hemorrhage, wound infection, cervical tear, shoulder dystocia was seen in 16.45%, 1.97%, 1.97%, 2.63% and 1.31% respectively. Conclusions: The pregnancy beyond the expected date causes definite risk to the mother and the fetus. Therefore, strict fetal surveillance with early induction of labor prior to expected date of delivery is recommended for better fetomaternal outcomes.
{"title":"MATERNAL AND FETAL OUTCOME IN PREGNANCY BEYOND THE EXPECTED DATE OF DELIVERY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF NEPAL","authors":"Puja Baniya Chhetri, Buddhi Kumar Shrestha, S. Shrestha, P. Pathak, R. Shrestha, Manisha Acharya","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.708","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The risk to the mother and the fetus increase with advancing gestation age. Our study aims to study the maternal and fetal outcome in pregnancy extending beyond the expected date of delivery so that safe timings of induction and appropriate mode of delivery can be determined.\u0000Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 152 patients with pregnancy beyond the expected date who presented to the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital from the time period of October 2019- November 2021.The primary outcome measures were obtained in terms of rate of cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, wound infection, admission in neonatal intensive care unit, birth asphyxia and meconium aspiration syndrome. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test with P value <0.05.\u0000Results: The majority of 86 (56.58%) patients were between 40-41 weeks of gestation. Maximum number of vaginal deliveries were seen between 40-41weeks (77.90%). Overall cesarean section rate was 40.13% with maximum number between 41-42 weeks (64.28%). Fetal distress with meconium-stained liquor was the most common indication (36.06%). The rate of neonatal intensive care unit admission was 16.44% with birth asphyxia (12.50%) and meconium aspiration syndrome (8.55%) as the primary cause for admission. Maternal complications like oligohydramnios, postpartum hemorrhage, wound infection, cervical tear, shoulder dystocia was seen in 16.45%, 1.97%, 1.97%, 2.63% and 1.31% respectively.\u0000Conclusions: The pregnancy beyond the expected date causes definite risk to the mother and the fetus. Therefore, strict fetal surveillance with early induction of labor prior to expected date of delivery is recommended for better fetomaternal outcomes.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127110419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Injury to Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) commonly occurs in knee injury usually requiring surgical intervention. Use of hamstring autograft for ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is commonly practiced. Many factors govern the selection of graft. Literature lacks studies showing correlation between anthropometric measurements of patients and the size of hamstring tendon graft in ACLR in Nepalese population. This study aimed to correlate anthropometric measurements to diameter and length of graft obtained. Methods: Cross sectional study was carried out from 17th April 2021 to 15th March 2022 and approved by CMC-IRC (Ref: CMC-IRC/078/079-094) and evaluating patients who have undergone surgery in Anthropometric measurements along with thigh length and circumference was measured pre-operatively. Length and diameter of prepared graft was measured intraoperatively before insertion. Forty (n=40) patients of mixed age, sex and ethnicity undergoing Arthroscopic ACLR were included. Statistical analysis was done to find correlation between anthropometric measurements and graft size harvested. Purposive sampling technique was used. Data collection was done in proforma. Data entry was done in Excel and and analysis was done in SPSS version 21. Results: Statistical analyses showed strong positive correlation between patient’s thigh length and graft diameter. Height shows positive correlation with graft length and diameter. Weight shows positive correlation with graft length. There was very low correlation of other variables with graft diameter and length which were statistically insignificant. Conclusions: Positive correlation factors (thigh length, height and weight) can be utilized to anticipate good quality graft and can be used during ACLR.
背景:前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤常见于膝关节损伤，通常需要手术干预。使用腘绳自体移植物进行ACL重建(ACLR)是常见的做法。许多因素支配着移植物的选择。文献缺乏显示尼泊尔ACLR患者人体测量值与腘绳肌腱移植物大小之间相关性的研究。本研究的目的是将人体测量值与获得的移植物直径和长度联系起来。方法:横断面研究于2021年4月17日至2022年3月15日进行，并获得CMC-IRC批准(Ref: CMC-IRC/078/079-094)，评估手术患者的人体测量数据，术前测量大腿长度和围度。术中插入前测量所制备的移植物的长度和直径。纳入40例(n=40)混合年龄、性别和种族接受关节镜ACLR的患者。进行统计分析，发现人体测量值与收获的移植物大小之间的相关性。采用目的抽样技术。数据收集以形式完成。数据录入使用Excel，分析使用SPSS version 21。结果:经统计学分析，患者大腿长度与移植物直径呈正相关。接枝高度与接枝长度和接枝直径呈正相关。重量与接枝长度呈正相关。其他变量与移植物直径和长度的相关性极低，无统计学意义。结论:正相关因素(大腿长度、身高和体重)可用于预测移植物的质量，并可用于ACLR。
{"title":"CORRELATION OF HAMSTRING GRAFT SIZE WITH ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION AT CHITWAN MEDICAL COLLEGE","authors":"G Neupane, S. K C","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.682","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Injury to Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) commonly occurs in knee injury usually requiring surgical intervention. Use of hamstring autograft for ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is commonly practiced. Many factors govern the selection of graft. Literature lacks studies showing correlation between anthropometric measurements of patients and the size of hamstring tendon graft in ACLR in Nepalese population. This study aimed to correlate anthropometric measurements to diameter and length of graft obtained.\u0000Methods: Cross sectional study was carried out from 17th April 2021 to 15th March 2022 and approved by CMC-IRC (Ref: CMC-IRC/078/079-094) and evaluating patients who have undergone surgery in Anthropometric measurements along with thigh length and circumference was measured pre-operatively. Length and diameter of prepared graft was measured intraoperatively before insertion. Forty (n=40) patients of mixed age, sex and ethnicity undergoing Arthroscopic ACLR were included. Statistical analysis was done to find correlation between anthropometric measurements and graft size harvested. Purposive sampling technique was used. Data collection was done in proforma. Data entry was done in Excel and and analysis was done in SPSS version 21.\u0000Results: Statistical analyses showed strong positive correlation between patient’s thigh length and graft diameter. Height shows positive correlation with graft length and diameter. Weight shows positive correlation with graft length. There was very low correlation of other variables with graft diameter and length which were statistically insignificant.\u0000Conclusions: Positive correlation factors (thigh length, height and weight) can be utilized to anticipate good quality graft and can be used during ACLR.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125185517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Shahi, Babita Bhattarai, S. Khadka, Thaneshwar Rijal, Bisesh Lamichhane, M. Yadav, Roshani Shah, G. Yadav, Binamra Basnet
Background: Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET (Positron Emission Tomography) is used for the evaluation of different solid cancers as well as characterization of solitary pulmonary nodules. This study was conducted with objectives to determine the prevalence of various types of cancer; to assess the status of cancer in terms of progression, regression, or static; and for metastatic workup by PET-CT scan. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study involving 545 patients of different cancers from all over Nepal was performed at Kundalini Diagnostic Center from July 2019 to March 2020. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22. Results: The mean age of study participants was 53.91±16.63 years. Out of total 545 participants, (499, 91.56%) tested positive for cancer with PET-CT scan with a higher proportion belonging to 50-59 years age group. Half of the participants (275, 50.46%) had disease progression and one-fifth of the participants (144, 26.42%) had static disease. Majority of the patients (139, 27.85%) were diagnosed with some form of gastrointestinal tumor. Though the data was statistically insignificant, participants with age 40-60 years were 1.18 times more likely to have cancer detected (OR 1.188, 95%CI 0.46-3.02). Conclusions: PET-CT scan is a valuable tool for assessment of characteristics of different types of cancer although differentiation of primary or a second primary or metastasis may not be possible. There is no significant association between various age groups or gender with overall cancer predisposition.
背景:氟脱氧葡萄糖(FDG) PET(正电子发射断层扫描)用于评估不同的实体癌以及孤立性肺结节的特征。这项研究的目的是确定各种癌症的患病率;评估癌症的进展、消退或静止状态;并通过PET-CT扫描进行转移性检查。方法:2019年7月至2020年3月，在昆达里尼诊断中心对来自尼泊尔各地的545名不同癌症患者进行回顾性横断面研究。使用IBM SPSS version 22对数据进行分析。结果:研究对象的平均年龄为53.91±16.63岁。在545名参与者中，有499人(91.56%)通过PET-CT扫描检测出癌症阳性，其中50-59岁年龄组的比例较高。一半的参与者(275人，50.46%)有疾病进展，五分之一的参与者(144人，26.42%)有静态疾病。大多数患者(139例，27.85%)被诊断为某种形式的胃肠道肿瘤。虽然数据在统计学上不显著，但40-60岁的参与者被检测出癌症的可能性是1.18倍(OR 1.188, 95%CI 0.46-3.02)。结论:PET-CT扫描是评估不同类型癌症特征的有价值的工具，尽管可能无法区分原发或二次原发或转移。不同年龄组或性别与总体癌症易感性之间没有显著关联。
{"title":"ROLE OF PET-CT IN EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF CANCER: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF CANCER PATIENTS AT A DIAGNOSTIC CENTER IN NEPAL","authors":"R. Shahi, Babita Bhattarai, S. Khadka, Thaneshwar Rijal, Bisesh Lamichhane, M. Yadav, Roshani Shah, G. Yadav, Binamra Basnet","doi":"10.54530/jcmc.1099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1099","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET (Positron Emission Tomography) is used for the evaluation of different solid cancers as well as characterization of solitary pulmonary nodules. This study was conducted with objectives to determine the prevalence of various types of cancer; to assess the status of cancer in terms of progression, regression, or static; and for metastatic workup by PET-CT scan.\u0000Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study involving 545 patients of different cancers from all over Nepal was performed at Kundalini Diagnostic Center from July 2019 to March 2020. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22.\u0000Results: The mean age of study participants was 53.91±16.63 years. Out of total 545 participants, (499, 91.56%) tested positive for cancer with PET-CT scan with a higher proportion belonging to 50-59 years age group. Half of the participants (275, 50.46%) had disease progression and one-fifth of the participants (144, 26.42%) had static disease. Majority of the patients (139, 27.85%) were diagnosed with some form of gastrointestinal tumor. Though the data was statistically insignificant, participants with age 40-60 years were 1.18 times more likely to have cancer detected (OR 1.188, 95%CI 0.46-3.02).\u0000Conclusions: PET-CT scan is a valuable tool for assessment of characteristics of different types of cancer although differentiation of primary or a second primary or metastasis may not be possible. There is no significant association between various age groups or gender with overall cancer predisposition.","PeriodicalId":265624,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chitwan Medical College","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115054177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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