In this work, the authors present a fully automated recorded lecture summarization tool and an innovative mobile iPad visualization tool. Summarization works for blackboard-based lectures by robustly extracting blackboard edits with great accuracy and high performance. Analysis output is then presented with overview and visual timelines along the original video to allow discovering lecture passages based on time. A second option allows students navigating contents in space by allowing revisiting blackboard elements directly by touching regions in the video. Proposed summarization, temporal and spatial navigation along with interactive visual annotations bring to recorded lectures the benefits that other digital learning material has long enjoyed and entice a younger generation of learners.
{"title":"Advanced Mobile Lecture Viewing: Summarization and Two-Way Navigation","authors":"Ernesto Rivera, A. Nishihara","doi":"10.4018/jhcr.2012040104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2012040104","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the authors present a fully automated recorded lecture summarization tool and an innovative mobile iPad visualization tool. Summarization works for blackboard-based lectures by robustly extracting blackboard edits with great accuracy and high performance. Analysis output is then presented with overview and visual timelines along the original video to allow discovering lecture passages based on time. A second option allows students navigating contents in space by allowing revisiting blackboard elements directly by touching regions in the video. Proposed summarization, temporal and spatial navigation along with interactive visual annotations bring to recorded lectures the benefits that other digital learning material has long enjoyed and entice a younger generation of learners.","PeriodicalId":265963,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Handheld Comput. Res.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128748391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In location-based and contextual mobile learning, students are continually mobile in the virtual, social, and physical environment. A common problem in this view of mobile learning is that students spend time focusing on the mobile devices at the expense of interacting with other students or exploring the physical environment. The authors approach this problem from an interaction design perspective, where they design and analyse geometry-learning activities in two iterations. Based on video data from groups of students participating in the learning activities, the authors analyse when mobile devices are in the foreground and background of their interaction. The authors present six guidelines for designing location-based and contextual mobile learning activities, where mobile devices support rather than distract students from contents and contexts relevant to the learning goals. Finally, the guidelines are evaluated using a model of interaction, which represents mobile device interaction as one of four different modes of human interaction with technology.
{"title":"Design Guidelines for Location-Based and Contextual Learning Supported by Mobile Devices","authors":"J. Eliasson, R. Ramberg","doi":"10.4018/jhcr.2012040102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2012040102","url":null,"abstract":"In location-based and contextual mobile learning, students are continually mobile in the virtual, social, and physical environment. A common problem in this view of mobile learning is that students spend time focusing on the mobile devices at the expense of interacting with other students or exploring the physical environment. The authors approach this problem from an interaction design perspective, where they design and analyse geometry-learning activities in two iterations. Based on video data from groups of students participating in the learning activities, the authors analyse when mobile devices are in the foreground and background of their interaction. The authors present six guidelines for designing location-based and contextual mobile learning activities, where mobile devices support rather than distract students from contents and contexts relevant to the learning goals. Finally, the guidelines are evaluated using a model of interaction, which represents mobile device interaction as one of four different modes of human interaction with technology.","PeriodicalId":265963,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Handheld Comput. Res.","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114871005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In technology-enhanced learning, the use of mobile applications is increasing, which improves students' learning experiences, allowing them to carry out daily activities anytime, anywhere. However, the majority of the available learning contents have been designed for desktop computers; thus, accessing that information is limited by the technical capabilities of mobile devices. As a result, students might lose interest and motivation to learn using their mobile devices if content adaptation and learning personalization processes are not appropriately designed. In this paper, the authors present a context-aware adaptation architecture for mobile learning. In the architecture, two mechanisms based on conditional statements from the IMS Learning Design specification and a transcoding mechanism are presented. Moreover, which learner's contextual information can be represented to design the learning process and retrieved to adapt activities and resources is explained by the description of a context-aware mobile-assisted second language learning scenario.
{"title":"Context-Aware and Adaptive Units of Learning in mLearning","authors":"S. Gómez, R. Fabregat","doi":"10.4018/jhcr.2012040101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2012040101","url":null,"abstract":"In technology-enhanced learning, the use of mobile applications is increasing, which improves students' learning experiences, allowing them to carry out daily activities anytime, anywhere. However, the majority of the available learning contents have been designed for desktop computers; thus, accessing that information is limited by the technical capabilities of mobile devices. As a result, students might lose interest and motivation to learn using their mobile devices if content adaptation and learning personalization processes are not appropriately designed. In this paper, the authors present a context-aware adaptation architecture for mobile learning. In the architecture, two mechanisms based on conditional statements from the IMS Learning Design specification and a transcoding mechanism are presented. Moreover, which learner's contextual information can be represented to design the learning process and retrieved to adapt activities and resources is explained by the description of a context-aware mobile-assisted second language learning scenario.","PeriodicalId":265963,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Handheld Comput. Res.","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127973654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Instruction prefetching is an effective way to improve performance of the pipelined processors. However, existing instruction prefetching schemes increase performance with a significant energy sacrifice, making them unsuitable for embedded and ubiquitous systems where high performance and low energy consumption are all demanded. This paper proposes reducing energy overhead in instruction prefetching by using a simple hardware/software design and an efficient prefetching operation scheme. Two approaches are investigated: Decoded Loop Instruction Cache based Prefetching DLICP that is most effective for loop intensive applications, and the enhanced DLICP with the popular existing Next Line Prefetching NLP for applications of a moderate number of loops. The experimental results show that both DLICP and the enhanced DLICP deliver improved performance at a much reduced energy overhead.
{"title":"Reducing Power and Energy Overhead in Instruction Prefetching for Embedded Processor Systems","authors":"Ji Gu, Hui Guo","doi":"10.4018/jhcr.2011100103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2011100103","url":null,"abstract":"Instruction prefetching is an effective way to improve performance of the pipelined processors. However, existing instruction prefetching schemes increase performance with a significant energy sacrifice, making them unsuitable for embedded and ubiquitous systems where high performance and low energy consumption are all demanded. This paper proposes reducing energy overhead in instruction prefetching by using a simple hardware/software design and an efficient prefetching operation scheme. Two approaches are investigated: Decoded Loop Instruction Cache based Prefetching DLICP that is most effective for loop intensive applications, and the enhanced DLICP with the popular existing Next Line Prefetching NLP for applications of a moderate number of loops. The experimental results show that both DLICP and the enhanced DLICP deliver improved performance at a much reduced energy overhead.","PeriodicalId":265963,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Handheld Comput. Res.","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129594988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moussa Ouedraogo, H. Mouratidis, E. Dubois, D. Khadraoui
Today's IT systems are ubiquitous and take the form of small portable devices, to the convenience of the users. However, the reliance on this technology is increasing faster than the ability to deal with the simultaneously increasing threats to information security. This paper proposes metrics and a methodology for the evaluation of operational systems security assurance that take into account the measurement of security correctness of a safeguarding measure and the analysis of the security criticality of the context in which the system is operating i.e., where is the system used and/or what for?. In that perspective, the paper also proposes a novel classification scheme for elucidating the security criticality level of an IT system. The advantage of this approach lies in the fact that the assurance level fluctuation based on the correctness of deployed security measures and the criticality of the context of use of the IT system or device, could provide guidance to users without security background on what activities they may or may not perform under certain circumstances. This work is illustrated with an application based on the case study of a Domain Name Server DNS.
{"title":"Security Assurance Evaluation and IT Systems' Context of Use Security Criticality","authors":"Moussa Ouedraogo, H. Mouratidis, E. Dubois, D. Khadraoui","doi":"10.4018/jhcr.2011100104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2011100104","url":null,"abstract":"Today's IT systems are ubiquitous and take the form of small portable devices, to the convenience of the users. However, the reliance on this technology is increasing faster than the ability to deal with the simultaneously increasing threats to information security. This paper proposes metrics and a methodology for the evaluation of operational systems security assurance that take into account the measurement of security correctness of a safeguarding measure and the analysis of the security criticality of the context in which the system is operating i.e., where is the system used and/or what for?. In that perspective, the paper also proposes a novel classification scheme for elucidating the security criticality level of an IT system. The advantage of this approach lies in the fact that the assurance level fluctuation based on the correctness of deployed security measures and the criticality of the context of use of the IT system or device, could provide guidance to users without security background on what activities they may or may not perform under certain circumstances. This work is illustrated with an application based on the case study of a Domain Name Server DNS.","PeriodicalId":265963,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Handheld Comput. Res.","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114998520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes an architecture for integrating both stationary health units like hospitals and group physicians with health records of mobile health units like ambulances and doctors at emergency call service. This paper focuses on how it is possible to have high availability in all the integrated health units and at the same time keep the consistency between the health records in the different locations at an acceptable level. In central databases the consistency of data is normally implemented by using the Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability ACID properties of a Data Base Management System DBMS Gray & Reuter, 1993. This is not possible if mobile databases are involved and the availability of data also has to be optimized. Therefore, this paper describes using relaxed ACID properties across different locations. The objective of designing relaxed ACID properties across different database locations is to make it possible for all the involved locations to operate in disconnected mode and at the same time give the users a view of the data that may be inconsistent across different locations but anyway better than the data in a centralized database with low availability for the users.
{"title":"Integration of Health Records by Using Relaxed ACID Properties Between Hospitals, Physicians and Mobile Units Like Ambulances and Doctors","authors":"L. Frank, L. Pape-Haugaard","doi":"10.4018/jhcr.2011100102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2011100102","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an architecture for integrating both stationary health units like hospitals and group physicians with health records of mobile health units like ambulances and doctors at emergency call service. This paper focuses on how it is possible to have high availability in all the integrated health units and at the same time keep the consistency between the health records in the different locations at an acceptable level. In central databases the consistency of data is normally implemented by using the Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability ACID properties of a Data Base Management System DBMS Gray & Reuter, 1993. This is not possible if mobile databases are involved and the availability of data also has to be optimized. Therefore, this paper describes using relaxed ACID properties across different locations. The objective of designing relaxed ACID properties across different database locations is to make it possible for all the involved locations to operate in disconnected mode and at the same time give the users a view of the data that may be inconsistent across different locations but anyway better than the data in a centralized database with low availability for the users.","PeriodicalId":265963,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Handheld Comput. Res.","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131702908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A mobile e-Health information system MEHIS aims to speed up the operations of health care in medical centers and hospitals. However, the proper implementation of MEHIS involves integrating many subsystems for MEHIS to be properly executed. A typical MEHIS can consist of many components and subsystems, such as appointments and scheduling; admission, discharge, and transfer ADT; prescription order entry; dietary planning; and smart card sign-on. This paper describes the development of a MEHIS with open-source Eclipse, using currently available health care standards. The author discusses the issues of building a mobile e-Health information system which can help achieve the goal of ubiquitous and mobile applications for the personalization of e-Health.
{"title":"Mobile E-Health Information System","authors":"F. S. Tsai","doi":"10.4018/jhcr.2011100101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2011100101","url":null,"abstract":"A mobile e-Health information system MEHIS aims to speed up the operations of health care in medical centers and hospitals. However, the proper implementation of MEHIS involves integrating many subsystems for MEHIS to be properly executed. A typical MEHIS can consist of many components and subsystems, such as appointments and scheduling; admission, discharge, and transfer ADT; prescription order entry; dietary planning; and smart card sign-on. This paper describes the development of a MEHIS with open-source Eclipse, using currently available health care standards. The author discusses the issues of building a mobile e-Health information system which can help achieve the goal of ubiquitous and mobile applications for the personalization of e-Health.","PeriodicalId":265963,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Handheld Comput. Res.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126156868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context-aware advertising is one of the most critical components in the Internet ecosystem today because most WWW publisher revenue highly depends on the relevance of the displayed advertisement to the context of the user interaction. Existing research work focuses on analyzing either the content of the web page or the keywords of the user search. However, there are limitations of these works when being extended into mobile computing domain, where mobile devices can provide versatile contexts, such as locations, weather, device capability, and user activities. These contexts should be well categorized and utilized for online advertising to gain better user experience and reaction. This paper examines the aforementioned limitations of the existing works in context-aware advertising when being applied for mobile platforms. A mobile advertising system is proposed, using location tracking and context awareness to provide targeted and meaningful advertisement to the customers on mobile devices. The three main modules of this comprehensive mobile advertising system are discussed, including advisement selection, advertisement presentation, and user context databases. A software prototype that is developed to conduct the case studies and validate this approach is presented.
{"title":"Modeling and Analyzing User Contexts for Mobile Advertising","authors":"Nan Jing, Yong Yao, Y. Ru","doi":"10.4018/jhcr.2011070103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2011070103","url":null,"abstract":"Context-aware advertising is one of the most critical components in the Internet ecosystem today because most WWW publisher revenue highly depends on the relevance of the displayed advertisement to the context of the user interaction. Existing research work focuses on analyzing either the content of the web page or the keywords of the user search. However, there are limitations of these works when being extended into mobile computing domain, where mobile devices can provide versatile contexts, such as locations, weather, device capability, and user activities. These contexts should be well categorized and utilized for online advertising to gain better user experience and reaction. This paper examines the aforementioned limitations of the existing works in context-aware advertising when being applied for mobile platforms. A mobile advertising system is proposed, using location tracking and context awareness to provide targeted and meaningful advertisement to the customers on mobile devices. The three main modules of this comprehensive mobile advertising system are discussed, including advisement selection, advertisement presentation, and user context databases. A software prototype that is developed to conduct the case studies and validate this approach is presented.","PeriodicalId":265963,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Handheld Comput. Res.","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123393112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Business to consumer m-commerce services are here to stay. Their specifics, as software artifacts, indicate that they are primarily and most importantly user-driven; as such user perceived quality assessment should be an integral part of their design process. Mobile design processes still lack a formal and systematic quality control method. This paper explores m-commerce quality attributes using the external quality characteristics of the ISO9126 software quality standard. The goal is to provide a quality map of a B2C m-commerce system in order to facilitate more accurate and detailed quality evaluation. The result is a new evaluation framework based on decomposition of m-commerce services to three distinct user-software interaction patterns and mapping to ISO9126 quality characteristics.
{"title":"A Framework for the Quality Evaluation of B2C M-Commerce Services","authors":"J. Garofalakis, Antonia Stefani, V. Stefanis","doi":"10.4018/jhcr.2011070105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2011070105","url":null,"abstract":"Business to consumer m-commerce services are here to stay. Their specifics, as software artifacts, indicate that they are primarily and most importantly user-driven; as such user perceived quality assessment should be an integral part of their design process. Mobile design processes still lack a formal and systematic quality control method. This paper explores m-commerce quality attributes using the external quality characteristics of the ISO9126 software quality standard. The goal is to provide a quality map of a B2C m-commerce system in order to facilitate more accurate and detailed quality evaluation. The result is a new evaluation framework based on decomposition of m-commerce services to three distinct user-software interaction patterns and mapping to ISO9126 quality characteristics.","PeriodicalId":265963,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Handheld Comput. Res.","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114758275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is evidence that user-centred development increases the user-friendliness of resulting products and thus the distinguishing features compared to products of competitors. However, the user-centred development requires comprehensive software and usability engineering skills to keep the process both cost-effective and time-effective. This paper covers that problem and provides insights in so-called user-centred prototyping UCP tools which support the production of prototypes as well as their evaluation with end-users. In particular, UCP tool called MoPeDT Pervasive Interface Development Toolkit for Mobile Phones is introduced. It provides assistance to interface developers of applications where mobile phones are used as interaction devices to a user's everyday pervasive environment. Based on found tool features for UCP tools, a feature study is described between related tools and MoPeDT as well as a comparative user study between this tool and a traditional approach. A further focus of the paper is the tool-supported execution of empiric evaluations.
{"title":"Tool-Supported User-Centred Prototyping of Mobile Applications","authors":"Karin Bee, E. André, M. Rehm","doi":"10.4018/jhcr.2011070101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/jhcr.2011070101","url":null,"abstract":"There is evidence that user-centred development increases the user-friendliness of resulting products and thus the distinguishing features compared to products of competitors. However, the user-centred development requires comprehensive software and usability engineering skills to keep the process both cost-effective and time-effective. This paper covers that problem and provides insights in so-called user-centred prototyping UCP tools which support the production of prototypes as well as their evaluation with end-users. In particular, UCP tool called MoPeDT Pervasive Interface Development Toolkit for Mobile Phones is introduced. It provides assistance to interface developers of applications where mobile phones are used as interaction devices to a user's everyday pervasive environment. Based on found tool features for UCP tools, a feature study is described between related tools and MoPeDT as well as a comparative user study between this tool and a traditional approach. A further focus of the paper is the tool-supported execution of empiric evaluations.","PeriodicalId":265963,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Handheld Comput. Res.","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131773692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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