Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511785
Angie D. Vasquez, T. Sousa
Wind electric systems can provide several benefits for distribution networks, such as power loss reduction and improvements in voltage level. However, high penetration of this intermittent generation can cause voltage stability problems in the grid. In this way, voltage stability studies are required to analyze the impact of integrating wind generation into the low voltage distribution networks. This paper evaluates the systems steady state based on Cespedes formulation to distribution power flow. This method deletes the voltage phase angle in the equations to solve, obtaining the exact load flow solution using only the voltage magnitudes. Also, the probability calculation method applied to the output power of the Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) is proposed. This method is based on hourly random simulations to mimic the operation of a generation system, taking into account the fluctuating nature of wind speed. The performance of the algorithm is tested on the modified 30-bus system.
{"title":"Stability Analysis of Distribution Networks using The Cespedes Load Flow Considering Wind Energy Conversion Systems","authors":"Angie D. Vasquez, T. Sousa","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511785","url":null,"abstract":"Wind electric systems can provide several benefits for distribution networks, such as power loss reduction and improvements in voltage level. However, high penetration of this intermittent generation can cause voltage stability problems in the grid. In this way, voltage stability studies are required to analyze the impact of integrating wind generation into the low voltage distribution networks. This paper evaluates the systems steady state based on Cespedes formulation to distribution power flow. This method deletes the voltage phase angle in the equations to solve, obtaining the exact load flow solution using only the voltage magnitudes. Also, the probability calculation method applied to the output power of the Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) is proposed. This method is based on hourly random simulations to mimic the operation of a generation system, taking into account the fluctuating nature of wind speed. The performance of the algorithm is tested on the modified 30-bus system.","PeriodicalId":267301,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE PES Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exhibition - Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124214723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/tdc-la.2018.8511788
J. Leite, J. Mantovani, M. Kezunovic
In this paper, local automatic switching plans, considering distribution network topology and hourly loading, are used to implement a self-healing strategy, which minimizes the switching operations to restore the interrupted customers within the shortest time interval. This self-healing implementation is done using decentralized multi-agent system (MAS) where all local switching agents have awareness about the current network state and work cooperatively to reach the global purpose of the distribution network automatic restoration. We are proposing the utilization of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) as the hosts of the local switching agents. The embedded code for the agent’s autonomy, as well as the information exchange among agents are described, implemented and tested.
{"title":"Distribution System Self-Healing Implementation using Decentralized IED-based Multi-Agent System","authors":"J. Leite, J. Mantovani, M. Kezunovic","doi":"10.1109/tdc-la.2018.8511788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdc-la.2018.8511788","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, local automatic switching plans, considering distribution network topology and hourly loading, are used to implement a self-healing strategy, which minimizes the switching operations to restore the interrupted customers within the shortest time interval. This self-healing implementation is done using decentralized multi-agent system (MAS) where all local switching agents have awareness about the current network state and work cooperatively to reach the global purpose of the distribution network automatic restoration. We are proposing the utilization of intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) as the hosts of the local switching agents. The embedded code for the agent’s autonomy, as well as the information exchange among agents are described, implemented and tested.","PeriodicalId":267301,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE PES Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exhibition - Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115193271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511648
J. Villavicencio, A. Padilha-Feltrin, J. Melo
In order to develop studies such as the impact of residential photovoltaic (PV) system installation in low-voltage networks, the number of PV systems by transformer must be known. The number of residential PV systems can be estimated using socioeconomics information obtained in census data. This information is aggregated by census tract or subarea. In this paper, a technique to allocate estimated PV systems from the PV market potential in subareas to distribution transformers is presented. The proposed methodology is applied to a residential area in Brazil and, then, a voltage impact study in the low-voltage network is performed. The obtained results are hence useful on the planning and operation studies performed by utilities.
{"title":"Allocation of PV Systems from Residential Subareas to Distribution Transformers","authors":"J. Villavicencio, A. Padilha-Feltrin, J. Melo","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511648","url":null,"abstract":"In order to develop studies such as the impact of residential photovoltaic (PV) system installation in low-voltage networks, the number of PV systems by transformer must be known. The number of residential PV systems can be estimated using socioeconomics information obtained in census data. This information is aggregated by census tract or subarea. In this paper, a technique to allocate estimated PV systems from the PV market potential in subareas to distribution transformers is presented. The proposed methodology is applied to a residential area in Brazil and, then, a voltage impact study in the low-voltage network is performed. The obtained results are hence useful on the planning and operation studies performed by utilities.","PeriodicalId":267301,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE PES Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exhibition - Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115563246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511753
Angélica Felipe da Silva, Wagner Seizo Wokama, D. Bernardon, D. Porto, A. Abaide, R. Milbradt
This paper proposes a methodology for analysis of energy balance of distribution networks using State Estimator and real-time measurements. The tool also can be used to support the identification of non-compliance of meters, error identification between measures obtained from readings and calculated measures by the estimator in each equipment. In addition to providing a better use of the available measurements
{"title":"Methodology for Analysis of Energy Balance using State Estimator and Real-Time Measurementas","authors":"Angélica Felipe da Silva, Wagner Seizo Wokama, D. Bernardon, D. Porto, A. Abaide, R. Milbradt","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511753","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a methodology for analysis of energy balance of distribution networks using State Estimator and real-time measurements. The tool also can be used to support the identification of non-compliance of meters, error identification between measures obtained from readings and calculated measures by the estimator in each equipment. In addition to providing a better use of the available measurements","PeriodicalId":267301,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE PES Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exhibition - Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116383688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/tdc-la.2018.8511738
An approximated procedure to determine the location of the auxiliary electrodes in the fall-of-potential method, using the method of images for charged metallic spheres is presented. The classical fall-of-potential method is strictly applicable only in the case of grounding systems of small hemispheric electrodes separated by long distances, in homogeneous soil. The proposed method will allow us to consider the influence of the size and location of the current electrode in order to get the correct measuring point of the potential probe, for any distance chosen for the current electrode A grounding system consisting of complex arrangements of conductors, buried in any type of soil can be represented by an equivalent hemisphere, making it possible to obtain the correct measurement point of such system in a simple way, without the use of complex computer programs. The method has been applied to some arrangements of grounding electrodes found in published papers, and compared to them, finding very close agreement in the resultant values of the correct measurement point.
{"title":"An Approximated Procedure to Find the Correct Measurement Point in the Fall-of-Potential Method","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/tdc-la.2018.8511738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tdc-la.2018.8511738","url":null,"abstract":"An approximated procedure to determine the location of the auxiliary electrodes in the fall-of-potential method, using the method of images for charged metallic spheres is presented. The classical fall-of-potential method is strictly applicable only in the case of grounding systems of small hemispheric electrodes separated by long distances, in homogeneous soil. The proposed method will allow us to consider the influence of the size and location of the current electrode in order to get the correct measuring point of the potential probe, for any distance chosen for the current electrode A grounding system consisting of complex arrangements of conductors, buried in any type of soil can be represented by an equivalent hemisphere, making it possible to obtain the correct measurement point of such system in a simple way, without the use of complex computer programs. The method has been applied to some arrangements of grounding electrodes found in published papers, and compared to them, finding very close agreement in the resultant values of the correct measurement point.","PeriodicalId":267301,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE PES Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exhibition - Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125236490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511636
A. Vega, F. Santamaria, E. Rivas
This paper shows the design and development of a module named: Supervision and Control of Charge “SCC“, which conforms a home energy management system prototype. This module has internal aspects such as the physical structure of the device, which has to do with monitoring, supervising and controlling loads. Likewise, the software of the proposal is shown, it is related to the capture of energy measurement basic parameters. It involves information and communication technologies in order to take energy measures in the appliances, with the objective of transmitting information to a central system through power line communication so it can be processed in three different ways: manual, semiautomatic and automatic, which work with decision algorithms. After developing operation tests, the average response time was 1s in manual mode and 2s in automatic and semiautomatic mode. Besides, with the semiautomatic mode operation during early morning hours, savings of approximately 240,12 kWh/year are achieved per user. The prototype was designed taking into account the use of standard communication protocols in the context of Internet of things.
{"title":"Supervision, monitoring and control of home appliances through power line communication","authors":"A. Vega, F. Santamaria, E. Rivas","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511636","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows the design and development of a module named: Supervision and Control of Charge “SCC“, which conforms a home energy management system prototype. This module has internal aspects such as the physical structure of the device, which has to do with monitoring, supervising and controlling loads. Likewise, the software of the proposal is shown, it is related to the capture of energy measurement basic parameters. It involves information and communication technologies in order to take energy measures in the appliances, with the objective of transmitting information to a central system through power line communication so it can be processed in three different ways: manual, semiautomatic and automatic, which work with decision algorithms. After developing operation tests, the average response time was 1s in manual mode and 2s in automatic and semiautomatic mode. Besides, with the semiautomatic mode operation during early morning hours, savings of approximately 240,12 kWh/year are achieved per user. The prototype was designed taking into account the use of standard communication protocols in the context of Internet of things.","PeriodicalId":267301,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE PES Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exhibition - Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127999588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511691
M. Ramirez, R. Castellanos, J. Calderón, O. Malik
A study on the application of a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) for frequency support in the isolated power system of Baja California Sur (BCS) in Mexico is presented in this paper. For this purpose, user defined models of inertial and primary frequency control (IPFC) functions are incorporated into the converter active power control loop of BESS model. Time domain simulations for a set of test cases are carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the BESS based IPFC for system frequency support in under-frequency and overfrequency conditions. Simulation results show that BESS equipped with IPFC can effectively improve the point at which frequency is arrested for the operating scenarios considered in the BCS electrical network.
{"title":"Battery Energy Storage for Frequency Support in the BCS Electric Power System","authors":"M. Ramirez, R. Castellanos, J. Calderón, O. Malik","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511691","url":null,"abstract":"A study on the application of a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) for frequency support in the isolated power system of Baja California Sur (BCS) in Mexico is presented in this paper. For this purpose, user defined models of inertial and primary frequency control (IPFC) functions are incorporated into the converter active power control loop of BESS model. Time domain simulations for a set of test cases are carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the BESS based IPFC for system frequency support in under-frequency and overfrequency conditions. Simulation results show that BESS equipped with IPFC can effectively improve the point at which frequency is arrested for the operating scenarios considered in the BCS electrical network.","PeriodicalId":267301,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE PES Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exhibition - Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114193455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511765
Leonardo H. Macedo, M. Ortega-Vazquez, R. Romero
This paper presents a mixed-integer second order cone programming model for the problem of optimal distribution systems expansion planning for improving service restoration. The objective is to obtain a network that allows the load to be restored after the occurrence of a contingency. Expansion of new substations, reinforcement of existing ones, addition and reconductoring of feeders are considered in the formulation of this problem. The objective is to find a meshed network that minimizes expansion costs, as well as the radial topologies for operation in predefined contingency scenarios that minimize the energy not supplied. The model considers the full ac power flow equations for the operation of the system. A24-node network is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. A comparison of the costs of the traditional planning with the costs of planning considering service restoration is carried out.
{"title":"Optimal Distribution Systems Expansion Planning for Improving Service Restoration","authors":"Leonardo H. Macedo, M. Ortega-Vazquez, R. Romero","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511765","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a mixed-integer second order cone programming model for the problem of optimal distribution systems expansion planning for improving service restoration. The objective is to obtain a network that allows the load to be restored after the occurrence of a contingency. Expansion of new substations, reinforcement of existing ones, addition and reconductoring of feeders are considered in the formulation of this problem. The objective is to find a meshed network that minimizes expansion costs, as well as the radial topologies for operation in predefined contingency scenarios that minimize the energy not supplied. The model considers the full ac power flow equations for the operation of the system. A24-node network is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. A comparison of the costs of the traditional planning with the costs of planning considering service restoration is carried out.","PeriodicalId":267301,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE PES Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exhibition - Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114293799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511723
Josimar Tello Maita, A.R.M. Guerra, A. Pavas
This paper presents a formulation of the optimal power flow (OPF) problem for transmission systems with the presence of wind generation. The OPF was modeled as a robust design optimization problem focused on ensuring that the probability that the power balance constraints are observed within a tolerance and that the boundaries of the design variables is respected. A simulation tool was developed implementing the model and it was tested with two power systems, two different wind probability distributions and two solution methods. Test results validated the proposed formulation giving optimal solutions that satisfy the power balance probabilistic constraint with the selected tolerance. The formulation is a simple model to calculate an optimal operation point for a power system with wind farms. This is an initial work in the formulation of an optimal operation model for large scale hybrid power system.
{"title":"Simple Optimal Power Flow Robust Formulation with Wind Generation","authors":"Josimar Tello Maita, A.R.M. Guerra, A. Pavas","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511723","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a formulation of the optimal power flow (OPF) problem for transmission systems with the presence of wind generation. The OPF was modeled as a robust design optimization problem focused on ensuring that the probability that the power balance constraints are observed within a tolerance and that the boundaries of the design variables is respected. A simulation tool was developed implementing the model and it was tested with two power systems, two different wind probability distributions and two solution methods. Test results validated the proposed formulation giving optimal solutions that satisfy the power balance probabilistic constraint with the selected tolerance. The formulation is a simple model to calculate an optimal operation point for a power system with wind farms. This is an initial work in the formulation of an optimal operation model for large scale hybrid power system.","PeriodicalId":267301,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE PES Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exhibition - Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"385 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123197637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511734
Victor P. Dardengo, P. A. H. Cavalcante, M. D. de Almeida
The main methods for fault location in HVDC lines are based on traveling waves and their performances are highly dependent on the specified wave speed. Although the wave speed varies according to the fault location, in the conventional single and double-terminal approaches, the wave speed is assumed constant, which directly affects the fault location performance. In this paper, a study about the wavespeed is performed and the accuracy of traveling waves based fault location methods are assessed. Additionally,these approaches are compared to fault location methods that does not require the wave speed specification. The behavior of the wave speed according to the fault location and fault resistance is also discussed. The simulations are performed in PSCAD for a realistic HVDC system.
{"title":"An evaluation of wave speed impacts on fault location methods for HVDC lines","authors":"Victor P. Dardengo, P. A. H. Cavalcante, M. D. de Almeida","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2018.8511734","url":null,"abstract":"The main methods for fault location in HVDC lines are based on traveling waves and their performances are highly dependent on the specified wave speed. Although the wave speed varies according to the fault location, in the conventional single and double-terminal approaches, the wave speed is assumed constant, which directly affects the fault location performance. In this paper, a study about the wavespeed is performed and the accuracy of traveling waves based fault location methods are assessed. Additionally,these approaches are compared to fault location methods that does not require the wave speed specification. The behavior of the wave speed according to the fault location and fault resistance is also discussed. The simulations are performed in PSCAD for a realistic HVDC system.","PeriodicalId":267301,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE PES Transmission & Distribution Conference and Exhibition - Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121717933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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