The research aims at recognizing the effect of the electronic brainstorming method on developing the systematic thinking skills for the female students of the first-intermediate class in computer subject in Mosul city (semester 2013-2014 A. D). There searchers selected the research sample randomly form Al-Shaymaa intermediate school (70) Female students were selected randomly and divide into two groups representing. The experimental group that include (35) female students, and the control group that include (35) female students the experimental group were taught according to the electronic brainstorming method, and the control group were taught according to the traditional method. The researchers prepared the study tools represented by the test of the systematic thinking skills and verifying its validity and reliability. The statistical results showed the effectiveness of the electronic brainstorming method on developing the systematic thinking skills for the female students of the first-intermediate class. The researchers presented a number of recommendations class. The researchers presented a number of recommendations like the stress on using the electronic brainstorming method in teaching the computer subject and the other subject. Also, the researchers suggested a number of suggestions.
{"title":"Electronic Brainstorming and the Effect to Development Systematic Thinking Skills for First Medium Students in Computer","authors":"Mahmood Abdul Salam Alhafidh, Islam Kalid Albasso","doi":"10.1109/ECONF.2015.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECONF.2015.11","url":null,"abstract":"The research aims at recognizing the effect of the electronic brainstorming method on developing the systematic thinking skills for the female students of the first-intermediate class in computer subject in Mosul city (semester 2013-2014 A. D). There searchers selected the research sample randomly form Al-Shaymaa intermediate school (70) Female students were selected randomly and divide into two groups representing. The experimental group that include (35) female students, and the control group that include (35) female students the experimental group were taught according to the electronic brainstorming method, and the control group were taught according to the traditional method. The researchers prepared the study tools represented by the test of the systematic thinking skills and verifying its validity and reliability. The statistical results showed the effectiveness of the electronic brainstorming method on developing the systematic thinking skills for the female students of the first-intermediate class. The researchers presented a number of recommendations class. The researchers presented a number of recommendations like the stress on using the electronic brainstorming method in teaching the computer subject and the other subject. Also, the researchers suggested a number of suggestions.","PeriodicalId":268471,"journal":{"name":"2015 Fifth International Conference on e-Learning (econf)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122783368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper takes a three dimensional approach - technological, human and practical - to highlight the elementary aspects of online learning premises. Today Learning Management Systems are complex applications, which offer faculty and learners many different tools to aid in implementation of an online learning experience. The students need to be empowered towards their own learning in a way that the educator appears as the facilitator of learning but won't directly teach the learners. The importance of communication dynamics grows even bigger in online learning because of the compilation of the independent nature of the learning environment and the directed nature of learning opportunities.
{"title":"Discussing the Online Learning Premises","authors":"Anssi Mattila, Minna Mattila","doi":"10.1109/ECONF.2015.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECONF.2015.20","url":null,"abstract":"This paper takes a three dimensional approach - technological, human and practical - to highlight the elementary aspects of online learning premises. Today Learning Management Systems are complex applications, which offer faculty and learners many different tools to aid in implementation of an online learning experience. The students need to be empowered towards their own learning in a way that the educator appears as the facilitator of learning but won't directly teach the learners. The importance of communication dynamics grows even bigger in online learning because of the compilation of the independent nature of the learning environment and the directed nature of learning opportunities.","PeriodicalId":268471,"journal":{"name":"2015 Fifth International Conference on e-Learning (econf)","volume":"22 6S 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122807999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays, university students are evaluated using paper-and-pencil tests in addition to e-tests. A hundred university graduate and undergraduate students in a private university in Lebanon were surveyed to study their attitudes towards taking e-tests in comparison to taking paper-and-pencil tests. The results of this case study showed that the majority of the students felt less anxious while taking e-tests, preferred e-tests over paper-and-pencil tests, and thought e-tests were easier than paper-and-pencil tests. Many students, however, reported that they faced problems while taking e-tests which made them hesitant when it came to taking e-tests in all their university courses.
{"title":"University Students' Attitudes toward E-Tests","authors":"N. Adada, A. Shatila, Hadla S. Tabsh","doi":"10.1109/ECONF.2015.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECONF.2015.40","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, university students are evaluated using paper-and-pencil tests in addition to e-tests. A hundred university graduate and undergraduate students in a private university in Lebanon were surveyed to study their attitudes towards taking e-tests in comparison to taking paper-and-pencil tests. The results of this case study showed that the majority of the students felt less anxious while taking e-tests, preferred e-tests over paper-and-pencil tests, and thought e-tests were easier than paper-and-pencil tests. Many students, however, reported that they faced problems while taking e-tests which made them hesitant when it came to taking e-tests in all their university courses.","PeriodicalId":268471,"journal":{"name":"2015 Fifth International Conference on e-Learning (econf)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132607285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Most commonly used and researched data mining approaches use neural and statistical methods to extract information for large data sources. This paper proposes a framework for a novel approach in data mining using Probabilistic Context Free Grammar (PCFG). The framework is proposed for two distributed data structures, dependent and independent. Escherichia Coli promoter DNA sequences dataset are chosen as a case study in this paper.
{"title":"Framework for Data Mining of Big Data Using Probabilistic Grammars","authors":"Aljoharah Algwaiz, R. Ammar, S. Rajasekaran","doi":"10.1109/ECONF.2015.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECONF.2015.50","url":null,"abstract":"Most commonly used and researched data mining approaches use neural and statistical methods to extract information for large data sources. This paper proposes a framework for a novel approach in data mining using Probabilistic Context Free Grammar (PCFG). The framework is proposed for two distributed data structures, dependent and independent. Escherichia Coli promoter DNA sequences dataset are chosen as a case study in this paper.","PeriodicalId":268471,"journal":{"name":"2015 Fifth International Conference on e-Learning (econf)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133465987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Centralized systems have failed in remote rural areas due to weak infrastructures, roads between urban habitations are in a very bad condition even if found, scattered communities and high losses, this makes grid extension not feasible from financial point of view. Decentralized-energy system (DES) is considered the most successful types of rural electrification solutions, especially in emerging countries. Decentralized energy system plans a significant role for developed countries in attenuating risks and security threats of the electricity sector and guarantee continuous electricity distribution in times of natural disasters and attacks. In fact, only decentralized energy supply system can't mitigate with the risk associated with a centralized electricity sector especially in remote rural areas. Therefore, it is urgently required to build a secure model of decentralized energy system integrated with information system for remote monitoring based on mobile agents (MA), and incorporates (RC5) algorithm into the system because of its exceptional simplicity which makes it easy to implement and analyze operational data remotely.
{"title":"Building a Secure Decentralized Energy System with Remote Monitoring Using Mobile Agents","authors":"H. Eldegwi, M. Badawy, H. Kelash","doi":"10.1109/ECONF.2015.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECONF.2015.80","url":null,"abstract":"Centralized systems have failed in remote rural areas due to weak infrastructures, roads between urban habitations are in a very bad condition even if found, scattered communities and high losses, this makes grid extension not feasible from financial point of view. Decentralized-energy system (DES) is considered the most successful types of rural electrification solutions, especially in emerging countries. Decentralized energy system plans a significant role for developed countries in attenuating risks and security threats of the electricity sector and guarantee continuous electricity distribution in times of natural disasters and attacks. In fact, only decentralized energy supply system can't mitigate with the risk associated with a centralized electricity sector especially in remote rural areas. Therefore, it is urgently required to build a secure model of decentralized energy system integrated with information system for remote monitoring based on mobile agents (MA), and incorporates (RC5) algorithm into the system because of its exceptional simplicity which makes it easy to implement and analyze operational data remotely.","PeriodicalId":268471,"journal":{"name":"2015 Fifth International Conference on e-Learning (econf)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116224815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The vogue of using social media increased rapidly among students which might reduce their learning time. This study aimed at developing a spoken social networking website that so-called VOALK.COM, it provides users not only with services such writing posts, comments and chatting but also enables them to listen to what they write in seven spoken languages depending on google (TTS) text to speech API. It enables users to search their posts on the internet. In addition to the possibility to upload and archive files in several formats such as PDF, PPT etc. and search youtube and Soundcloud which could be used educationally. Moreover, the developed website enables teachers to upload educational apps in SWF format, create open and multiple-choice questions followed by statistics and histograms for students responses, it takes into consideration the preference of users such as selecting the colour themes, the written/spoken interface language and the privacy of their profiles. Through an online sample of 38 instructional technology students at faculties of education in Egypt, the data was collected based on two Likert-type questionnaires to know the effects of using the developed website VOALK on the time they spend using other social network websites, their attitudes toward the developed website and which services they use for educational purpose beside social communication. The results show significant indicators in students attitudes toward the developed websites and the use of its services in their educational and social communication as well. In addition, the results show significant differences in reducing the time that the majority of the sample spend on other social networking websites in favour of provided services by the developed website.
{"title":"The Effect of Using a Developed Spoken Social Networking Website on Instructional Technology Students Attitudes and Habits in Egypt","authors":"Hussein M. Abdelfatah","doi":"10.1109/ECONF.2015.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECONF.2015.87","url":null,"abstract":"The vogue of using social media increased rapidly among students which might reduce their learning time. This study aimed at developing a spoken social networking website that so-called VOALK.COM, it provides users not only with services such writing posts, comments and chatting but also enables them to listen to what they write in seven spoken languages depending on google (TTS) text to speech API. It enables users to search their posts on the internet. In addition to the possibility to upload and archive files in several formats such as PDF, PPT etc. and search youtube and Soundcloud which could be used educationally. Moreover, the developed website enables teachers to upload educational apps in SWF format, create open and multiple-choice questions followed by statistics and histograms for students responses, it takes into consideration the preference of users such as selecting the colour themes, the written/spoken interface language and the privacy of their profiles. Through an online sample of 38 instructional technology students at faculties of education in Egypt, the data was collected based on two Likert-type questionnaires to know the effects of using the developed website VOALK on the time they spend using other social network websites, their attitudes toward the developed website and which services they use for educational purpose beside social communication. The results show significant indicators in students attitudes toward the developed websites and the use of its services in their educational and social communication as well. In addition, the results show significant differences in reducing the time that the majority of the sample spend on other social networking websites in favour of provided services by the developed website.","PeriodicalId":268471,"journal":{"name":"2015 Fifth International Conference on e-Learning (econf)","volume":"312 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116119214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years the field of haptic and gesture studies is expanding and improvements are being made by developing, testing and refining devices along with software to give a sense of touch or to use gestures to interact and "feel" three dimensional virtual objects. Such technologies have a significant role to play in education. The uses of modern devices based on gesture or haptic technologies and their applications in chemistry education, for example, may provide a platform to the students to better comprehend ideas about several chemical subjects. This paper covers the fundamentals of such technologies, studies a few commonly used devices, and concludes with the current use in education. A brief description of an educational gesture-based system for chemistry experiment simulations and molecular visualization is presented in this paper. It also describes some didactic scenarios and discusses current results and future works.
{"title":"Using Haptic Technology for Education in Chemistry","authors":"Shaykhah S. Aldosari, D. Marocco","doi":"10.1109/ECONF.2015.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECONF.2015.25","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years the field of haptic and gesture studies is expanding and improvements are being made by developing, testing and refining devices along with software to give a sense of touch or to use gestures to interact and \"feel\" three dimensional virtual objects. Such technologies have a significant role to play in education. The uses of modern devices based on gesture or haptic technologies and their applications in chemistry education, for example, may provide a platform to the students to better comprehend ideas about several chemical subjects. This paper covers the fundamentals of such technologies, studies a few commonly used devices, and concludes with the current use in education. A brief description of an educational gesture-based system for chemistry experiment simulations and molecular visualization is presented in this paper. It also describes some didactic scenarios and discusses current results and future works.","PeriodicalId":268471,"journal":{"name":"2015 Fifth International Conference on e-Learning (econf)","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116358093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Omar, Azhari Abdalrahim A. Drewish, Yasir M. Saeed, Yuseria Mohammed Abdalbagi
The main purpose of the present study is to build a model that predicts the relationship between IT self -- efficacy, online learning interactions components and student retention within synchronous learning environment. Data of the present study were collected from 519 participants (Female =258, Male =261) from Al-Madinah International University (MEDIU) in Malaysia, E-Questionnaire was applied. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Version 16 and SPSS Version 11.5 were used. A hypothesized model was tested for model fit in the present study. The convergent validity and discriminate validity were conducted. The result showed that Information Technology (IT) self -- efficacy and online learning interaction components (student -- student, student -- instructor interaction) were positively and significantly related to student retention. The exogenous variables (IT) self -- efficacy was positively and significantly related to online learning interaction components (student -- student and student -- instructor interaction) within synchronous learning environment, specifically in Arabic language course offered to undergraduate students at MEDIU.
本研究的主要目的是建立一个模型来预测同步学习环境中信息技术自我效能感、在线学习互动成分和学生保留之间的关系。本研究的数据收集自马来西亚麦地那国际大学(MEDIU)的519名参与者(女258人，男261人)，采用电子问卷。使用结构方程模型(SEM) Version 16和SPSS Version 11.5。本研究对一个假设模型进行了模型拟合检验。进行了收敛效度和区别效度分析。结果表明，信息技术自我效能感和在线学习互动成分(学生与学生、学生与教师互动)与学生保留率呈显著正相关。在同步学习环境中，外生变量(IT)自我效能感与在线学习互动成分(学生-学生和学生-教师互动)呈显著正相关，特别是在MEDIU为本科生提供的阿拉伯语课程中。
{"title":"Test of Information Technology (IT) - Self Efficacy and Online Learning Interaction Components on Student Retention: A Study of Synchronous Learning Environment","authors":"E. Omar, Azhari Abdalrahim A. Drewish, Yasir M. Saeed, Yuseria Mohammed Abdalbagi","doi":"10.1109/ECONF.2015.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECONF.2015.17","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of the present study is to build a model that predicts the relationship between IT self -- efficacy, online learning interactions components and student retention within synchronous learning environment. Data of the present study were collected from 519 participants (Female =258, Male =261) from Al-Madinah International University (MEDIU) in Malaysia, E-Questionnaire was applied. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Version 16 and SPSS Version 11.5 were used. A hypothesized model was tested for model fit in the present study. The convergent validity and discriminate validity were conducted. The result showed that Information Technology (IT) self -- efficacy and online learning interaction components (student -- student, student -- instructor interaction) were positively and significantly related to student retention. The exogenous variables (IT) self -- efficacy was positively and significantly related to online learning interaction components (student -- student and student -- instructor interaction) within synchronous learning environment, specifically in Arabic language course offered to undergraduate students at MEDIU.","PeriodicalId":268471,"journal":{"name":"2015 Fifth International Conference on e-Learning (econf)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114684676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this research is an attempt to answering the question "is there a relationship between student's position in a classroom in blended learning and student's academic performance (measured by the total score at the end of the final semester exam)?" The research is one of the correlational studies that uses one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for statistical data analysis. The sample of study consisted of students of one of the classes (27 students). Each student's position was registered in a classroom map. Student's seat position was gathered by a questionnaire according to student's preference at the beginning of the academic semester (spring 2015). This seat was fixed for all students during the period of the class (15 weeks). Students were categorized into three groups (front, middle, and back) according to seating positions closer to the board. The final score of all students were recorded at the end of the semester for statistical data analysis using ANOVA technique.
{"title":"Association of Student's Position in a Classroom and Student's Academic Performance Using ANOVA","authors":"A. Kamal","doi":"10.1109/ECONF.2015.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECONF.2015.56","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research is an attempt to answering the question \"is there a relationship between student's position in a classroom in blended learning and student's academic performance (measured by the total score at the end of the final semester exam)?\" The research is one of the correlational studies that uses one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for statistical data analysis. The sample of study consisted of students of one of the classes (27 students). Each student's position was registered in a classroom map. Student's seat position was gathered by a questionnaire according to student's preference at the beginning of the academic semester (spring 2015). This seat was fixed for all students during the period of the class (15 weeks). Students were categorized into three groups (front, middle, and back) according to seating positions closer to the board. The final score of all students were recorded at the end of the semester for statistical data analysis using ANOVA technique.","PeriodicalId":268471,"journal":{"name":"2015 Fifth International Conference on e-Learning (econf)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128748497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current research aimed at revealing E-learning dimensions and subjects which should be used for determining E-learning efficiencies faculty of education teacher students should own, and therefore it aimed to explore the effectiveness of Education college programs in Al-Aqsa University. For fulfilling the research objectives, the researchers utilized the descriptive analytical method, analyzing the contents of such programs. An electronic learning efficiencies scale was administered to a stratified random sample including (209) first and second-level male and female students. The most important findings in this research indicated that the contents of the programs included75% of the E-learning dimensions and subjects, besides that the level of the development of E-learning efficiencies among the participants in all dimensions except efficiencies of computer and internet use did not exceed 78%. Moreover, results showed that while there were statistically significant differences at(a= 0.05) between the means of the participants' scores in E-learning scale attributed to academic level in favor of fourth level there were no statistically significant differences at(a= 0.05) between them in all E-learning scale dimensions excluding the first three dimensions attributed to academic level in favor of fourth level.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of the Education College Programs at Al-Aqsa University in Develop Efficiencies Students in E-Learning","authors":"H. Mahdi, Ashraf A. El-Hinawi","doi":"10.1109/ECONF.2015.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECONF.2015.93","url":null,"abstract":"The current research aimed at revealing E-learning dimensions and subjects which should be used for determining E-learning efficiencies faculty of education teacher students should own, and therefore it aimed to explore the effectiveness of Education college programs in Al-Aqsa University. For fulfilling the research objectives, the researchers utilized the descriptive analytical method, analyzing the contents of such programs. An electronic learning efficiencies scale was administered to a stratified random sample including (209) first and second-level male and female students. The most important findings in this research indicated that the contents of the programs included75% of the E-learning dimensions and subjects, besides that the level of the development of E-learning efficiencies among the participants in all dimensions except efficiencies of computer and internet use did not exceed 78%. Moreover, results showed that while there were statistically significant differences at(a= 0.05) between the means of the participants' scores in E-learning scale attributed to academic level in favor of fourth level there were no statistically significant differences at(a= 0.05) between them in all E-learning scale dimensions excluding the first three dimensions attributed to academic level in favor of fourth level.","PeriodicalId":268471,"journal":{"name":"2015 Fifth International Conference on e-Learning (econf)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130680960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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