Pub Date : 1923-12-01DOI: 10.1109/T-AIEE.1923.5060911
F. S. Dellenbaugh
THE theory of the transmission of electricity has been materially advanced through the use of artificial transmission lines in the laboratory.
通过在实验室中使用人工传输线，电力传输理论得到了实质性的发展。
{"title":"Artificial transmission lines with distributed constants","authors":"F. S. Dellenbaugh","doi":"10.1109/T-AIEE.1923.5060911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/T-AIEE.1923.5060911","url":null,"abstract":"THE theory of the transmission of electricity has been materially advanced through the use of artificial transmission lines in the laboratory.","PeriodicalId":268640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127199503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1923-12-01DOI: 10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6593435
Manneback
Chas. Manneback: I said (top second page of paper) “An electric disturbance, i. e., a discontinuity of voltage or current, is always propagated along any line at the constant speed $v = 1: sqrt{LC}$.” I added that “this is true whether there is resistance and leakance or not.” Dr. Karapetoff is not sure that this is correct; it seems to him “that the velocity of propagation depends on the presence of resistance and leakance and is thereby reduced. “This difference in opinions is due, I believe, to the fact that we do not think of the same thing being propagated. The question raised is of great theoretical importance and deserves a careful examination.
{"title":"Continued discussions: Radiation from transmission lines","authors":"Manneback","doi":"10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6593435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6593435","url":null,"abstract":"Chas. Manneback: I said (top second page of paper) “An electric disturbance, i. e., a discontinuity of voltage or current, is always propagated along any line at the constant speed $v = 1: sqrt{LC}$.” I added that “this is true whether there is resistance and leakance or not.” Dr. Karapetoff is not sure that this is correct; it seems to him “that the velocity of propagation depends on the presence of resistance and leakance and is thereby reduced. “This difference in opinions is due, I believe, to the fact that we do not think of the same thing being propagated. The question raised is of great theoretical importance and deserves a careful examination.","PeriodicalId":268640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130985774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1923-12-01DOI: 10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6593414
J. B. Whitehead
It has been suspected for a long time that gaseous ionization in air layers and pockets inside of composite insulation results in deterioration and shortening of the life of the insulation. Experiments described in the paper show that within a very short time fibrous insulation exposed to such ionization rapidly loses its mechanical and electrical properties. Mica is shown to be practically immune from this type of deterioration. The outer paper wrappers of the armature bars of high-voltage generators frequently show after operation, the presence of numerous small holes in those portions within the slot. These holes apparently do not penetrate beyond the first layer of mica. Experiments are performed indicating that these holes are due to the slow oxidation of the most vulnerable fibers in the insulation, due to the presence of ionization of the air layer between tooth and coil side. The experiments indicate methods for limiting the volume and extent of such pitting. The influence of ionization and spark discharge on mica is studied qualitatively in some detail, and the results indicate that mica is practically immune from uniform layers of ionization in a thin air film. The most dangerous condition for mica is a spark discharge playing over its surface. Such sparks fasten on any surface flaws, leading to splintering and ultimate breakdown. The worst condition for mica is the presence of an isolated discharge point on one side in relation to a fairly wide conducting area on the other side of the insulation containing the mica. Under such circumstances mica is completely disintegrated within a short time at voltages in the neighborhood of 40 kilovolts with air gaps in the neighborhood of a 0.5 millimeter.
{"title":"The influence of gaseous ionization and spark discharge on fibrous insulating materials and on Mica","authors":"J. B. Whitehead","doi":"10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6593414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6593414","url":null,"abstract":"It has been suspected for a long time that gaseous ionization in air layers and pockets inside of composite insulation results in deterioration and shortening of the life of the insulation. Experiments described in the paper show that within a very short time fibrous insulation exposed to such ionization rapidly loses its mechanical and electrical properties. Mica is shown to be practically immune from this type of deterioration. The outer paper wrappers of the armature bars of high-voltage generators frequently show after operation, the presence of numerous small holes in those portions within the slot. These holes apparently do not penetrate beyond the first layer of mica. Experiments are performed indicating that these holes are due to the slow oxidation of the most vulnerable fibers in the insulation, due to the presence of ionization of the air layer between tooth and coil side. The experiments indicate methods for limiting the volume and extent of such pitting. The influence of ionization and spark discharge on mica is studied qualitatively in some detail, and the results indicate that mica is practically immune from uniform layers of ionization in a thin air film. The most dangerous condition for mica is a spark discharge playing over its surface. Such sparks fasten on any surface flaws, leading to splintering and ultimate breakdown. The worst condition for mica is the presence of an isolated discharge point on one side in relation to a fairly wide conducting area on the other side of the insulation containing the mica. Under such circumstances mica is completely disintegrated within a short time at voltages in the neighborhood of 40 kilovolts with air gaps in the neighborhood of a 0.5 millimeter.","PeriodicalId":268640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128018832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1923-12-01DOI: 10.1109/JoAIEE.1923.6593429
William G. Houskeeper
Methods are described by which base metals may be sealed to and through glass, even though the metal and glass have different coefficients of thermal expansion. The method consists in providing a large surface of contact between the glass and the metal, and in so proportioning the metal that the stresses resulting from the difference in coefficients of expansion are less than the ultimate strength of the joint between glass and metal. Four different types of seals are discussed: First, the flattened wire seal for small electrical conductors. Second, the ribbon seal for special purposes. Third, the disk seal for commercial manufacture of seals for carrying currents of the order of 100 amperes. Fourth, the tube seal in which metal and glass tubing are joined together.
{"title":"The art of sealing base metals through glass","authors":"William G. Houskeeper","doi":"10.1109/JoAIEE.1923.6593429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JoAIEE.1923.6593429","url":null,"abstract":"Methods are described by which base metals may be sealed to and through glass, even though the metal and glass have different coefficients of thermal expansion. The method consists in providing a large surface of contact between the glass and the metal, and in so proportioning the metal that the stresses resulting from the difference in coefficients of expansion are less than the ultimate strength of the joint between glass and metal. Four different types of seals are discussed: First, the flattened wire seal for small electrical conductors. Second, the ribbon seal for special purposes. Third, the disk seal for commercial manufacture of seals for carrying currents of the order of 100 amperes. Fourth, the tube seal in which metal and glass tubing are joined together.","PeriodicalId":268640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127893210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1923-12-01DOI: 10.1109/T-AIEE.1924.5060981
P. L. Alger, H. Samson
This paper describes the causes of, and remedies for, the existence of “shaft currents” or “bearing currents” which sometimes flow across the rubbing surfaces of the bearings of electric machinery, thereby gradually damaging the shaft and bearings. Up to the present time the only cause of shaft currents that has attracted any particular attention has been the use of sectionalized stators, and the published discussions have been chiefly confined to synchronous alternators. Fleischman1 and others have shown that sectionalizing causes shaft currents for the reason that the extra reluctance of the joints causes an unequal division of the flux between the clockwise and counter-clockwise paths in the yoke, thus giving a resultant flux linking the shaft. Applying the same method of reasoning used in the case of sectionalizing to the general case of any machine with segmental punchings, the following facts are shown: 1. A principal cause of shaft currents in revolving electric machines is the use of poles and segments in certain ratios. 2. The frequency of the shaft current due to joints in the stator yoke is an odd multiple of the frequency of the stator flux, the frequency of the shaft currents due to rotor joints is an odd multiple of the rotor frequency, and these frequency multiples are determined by the ratios of poles to segments. 3. Machines with 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, etc., poles are especially likely to have shaft currents, and machines with 6, 10, 14, 22, etc., poles are relatively immune. 4. By the proper choice of the number of segments for use with any machine, or by the use of segments with offset dovetails, or both, shaft currents can be effectively eliminated in most cases. The possibilities of shaft currents being caused by homopolar action as the result of magnetic flux flowing in the shaft, or by other means, are discussed, and it is concluded that such causes are seldom important. A possible useful application for the theory of shaft currents in the design of a high-current transformer is mentioned, and the possibility of obtaining multiple frequencies from a stationary transformer in this way is shown to be dependent upon the presence of magnetic saturation. A table of combinations of poles and segments that will cause shaft currents is given, and a bibliography of the subject is appended.
{"title":"Shaft currents in electric machines","authors":"P. L. Alger, H. Samson","doi":"10.1109/T-AIEE.1924.5060981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/T-AIEE.1924.5060981","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the causes of, and remedies for, the existence of “shaft currents” or “bearing currents” which sometimes flow across the rubbing surfaces of the bearings of electric machinery, thereby gradually damaging the shaft and bearings. Up to the present time the only cause of shaft currents that has attracted any particular attention has been the use of sectionalized stators, and the published discussions have been chiefly confined to synchronous alternators. Fleischman1 and others have shown that sectionalizing causes shaft currents for the reason that the extra reluctance of the joints causes an unequal division of the flux between the clockwise and counter-clockwise paths in the yoke, thus giving a resultant flux linking the shaft. Applying the same method of reasoning used in the case of sectionalizing to the general case of any machine with segmental punchings, the following facts are shown: 1. A principal cause of shaft currents in revolving electric machines is the use of poles and segments in certain ratios. 2. The frequency of the shaft current due to joints in the stator yoke is an odd multiple of the frequency of the stator flux, the frequency of the shaft currents due to rotor joints is an odd multiple of the rotor frequency, and these frequency multiples are determined by the ratios of poles to segments. 3. Machines with 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, etc., poles are especially likely to have shaft currents, and machines with 6, 10, 14, 22, etc., poles are relatively immune. 4. By the proper choice of the number of segments for use with any machine, or by the use of segments with offset dovetails, or both, shaft currents can be effectively eliminated in most cases. The possibilities of shaft currents being caused by homopolar action as the result of magnetic flux flowing in the shaft, or by other means, are discussed, and it is concluded that such causes are seldom important. A possible useful application for the theory of shaft currents in the design of a high-current transformer is mentioned, and the possibility of obtaining multiple frequencies from a stationary transformer in this way is shown to be dependent upon the presence of magnetic saturation. A table of combinations of poles and segments that will cause shaft currents is given, and a bibliography of the subject is appended.","PeriodicalId":268640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123882005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1923-12-01DOI: 10.1109/T-AIEE.1924.5060979
W. Kouwenhoven, T. L. Berry
The purpose of the investigation was to study the form of the voltage-time and current-time curves, existing in a permeameter circuit, and to reduce the time required for the reversal of the magnetizing current. The permeameters used in the investigation were of the U-shaped yoke type. Oscillograms were taken of the current and of the induced voltage during the opening and also during the reversal of the magnetizing current. The permeameter, with which the investigation was started, was fitted with brass end pieces to support the magnetizing coil. The oscillograms showed that the flux change lagged behind the magnetizing current. In fact, the secondary e. m. f. continued for about one second after the current change was completed. The cause of this lag was found to be due to eddy currents set up in the short-circuited paths provided by the brass end pieces. After these were removed oscillograms showed that the lag in flux behind the magnetizing current was negligible. This brought out clearly the fact that short-circuited paths in which eddy currents may be induced should be avoided in permeameter construction. Two new permeameters were then constructed of the same type; one of these was made with a solid core of silicon steel and the other with a laminated core of the same material. Tests of these showed that use of the laminated core materially reduced the time required for the reversal of the current. Several different types of switches were used for opening and reversing the magnetizing current. The oscillograms showed clearly that a quick-break snap switch operating under oil is superior to other types of switches.
{"title":"Oscillographic study of the current and voltage in a permeameter circuit","authors":"W. Kouwenhoven, T. L. Berry","doi":"10.1109/T-AIEE.1924.5060979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/T-AIEE.1924.5060979","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the investigation was to study the form of the voltage-time and current-time curves, existing in a permeameter circuit, and to reduce the time required for the reversal of the magnetizing current. The permeameters used in the investigation were of the U-shaped yoke type. Oscillograms were taken of the current and of the induced voltage during the opening and also during the reversal of the magnetizing current. The permeameter, with which the investigation was started, was fitted with brass end pieces to support the magnetizing coil. The oscillograms showed that the flux change lagged behind the magnetizing current. In fact, the secondary e. m. f. continued for about one second after the current change was completed. The cause of this lag was found to be due to eddy currents set up in the short-circuited paths provided by the brass end pieces. After these were removed oscillograms showed that the lag in flux behind the magnetizing current was negligible. This brought out clearly the fact that short-circuited paths in which eddy currents may be induced should be avoided in permeameter construction. Two new permeameters were then constructed of the same type; one of these was made with a solid core of silicon steel and the other with a laminated core of the same material. Tests of these showed that use of the laminated core materially reduced the time required for the reversal of the current. Several different types of switches were used for opening and reversing the magnetizing current. The oscillograms showed clearly that a quick-break snap switch operating under oil is superior to other types of switches.","PeriodicalId":268640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers","volume":"359 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115894508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1923-11-01DOI: 10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6591530
H. T. Lange
AMBIENT temperature according to rule 2300 of the A. I. E. E. Standards, “is to be measured by means of several thermometers placed at different points around and half way up the machine at a distance of one to two meters or three to six feet.” “The value to be adopted for the ambient temperature during a test, is the mean of the readings of the thermometers (placed as above) taken at equal intervals of time during the last quarter of the duration of the test.”
{"title":"Ambient temperature observations","authors":"H. T. Lange","doi":"10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6591530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6591530","url":null,"abstract":"AMBIENT temperature according to rule 2300 of the A. I. E. E. Standards, “is to be measured by means of several thermometers placed at different points around and half way up the machine at a distance of one to two meters or three to six feet.” “The value to be adopted for the ambient temperature during a test, is the mean of the readings of the thermometers (placed as above) taken at equal intervals of time during the last quarter of the duration of the test.”","PeriodicalId":268640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131645399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1923-11-01DOI: 10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6591534
Hering
C. O. Mailloux: The features of commanding interest in Dr. Hering's paper are the “pinch” and “stretch” phenomena, both discovered by him; and the difficulty of explaining these phenomena by the existing theories of electromagnetic fields is what has led Dr. Hering to urge the revision of these theories.
{"title":"Discussion at Midwinter convention: Electromagnetic forces a proposed revision of the laws","authors":"Hering","doi":"10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6591534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6591534","url":null,"abstract":"C. O. Mailloux: The features of commanding interest in Dr. Hering's paper are the “pinch” and “stretch” phenomena, both discovered by him; and the difficulty of explaining these phenomena by the existing theories of electromagnetic fields is what has led Dr. Hering to urge the revision of these theories.","PeriodicalId":268640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132385023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1923-11-01DOI: 10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6591532
B. Bailey
In view of the large size of modern power houses we should change our views regarding the need of starters. The different methods of starting polyphase induction motors are briefly reviewed and the speed torque curves obtained with various types are considered. The effect of starting current upon line voltages, upon the motor and upon connected apparatus is taken up. It is shown that the performance of the compensator is poorer than ordinarily assumed and that the effect upon the line voltage is less with a resistance starter than with a compensator. It is also shown that the heating of the motor is least when thrown directly on the line. The energy required with the various methods is also considered. In large installations it is shown that the considerations involved are radically different. In Appendix A, proof is given that the effect upon the line voltage, is less with a resistance starter than with a compensator. In Appendix B the detailed computations involved in deriving some of the curves are given in full.
{"title":"The starting of polyphase squirrel-cage motors","authors":"B. Bailey","doi":"10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6591532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6591532","url":null,"abstract":"In view of the large size of modern power houses we should change our views regarding the need of starters. The different methods of starting polyphase induction motors are briefly reviewed and the speed torque curves obtained with various types are considered. The effect of starting current upon line voltages, upon the motor and upon connected apparatus is taken up. It is shown that the performance of the compensator is poorer than ordinarily assumed and that the effect upon the line voltage is less with a resistance starter than with a compensator. It is also shown that the heating of the motor is least when thrown directly on the line. The energy required with the various methods is also considered. In large installations it is shown that the considerations involved are radically different. In Appendix A, proof is given that the effect upon the line voltage, is less with a resistance starter than with a compensator. In Appendix B the detailed computations involved in deriving some of the curves are given in full.","PeriodicalId":268640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123515194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1923-11-01DOI: 10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6591526
L. E. Widmark
This paper presents a generalization of a method described in a previous paper by the author (“An Arrangement of the Circle Diagram” Journal of the A. I. E. E., September 1922). The author suggests an interdependence between measuring units and the design constants of a machine and employing this method proceeds to outline: 1. The “unit parabola diagram” for d-c. machine. 2. The “unit circle” arrangement of the Behrend circle diagram. 3. The “C. S. U.” (cross-section unit) reference system where length dimensions take the place of ordinary electric units in recording the electrical data of a machine. The mathematical treatment of the subject should only be considered as giving an idea of the author's intentions and not as an exhaustive mathematical survey of the possibilities and limitations of the method.
{"title":"Design constants and measuring units","authors":"L. E. Widmark","doi":"10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6591526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JOAIEE.1923.6591526","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a generalization of a method described in a previous paper by the author (“An Arrangement of the Circle Diagram” Journal of the A. I. E. E., September 1922). The author suggests an interdependence between measuring units and the design constants of a machine and employing this method proceeds to outline: 1. The “unit parabola diagram” for d-c. machine. 2. The “unit circle” arrangement of the Behrend circle diagram. 3. The “C. S. U.” (cross-section unit) reference system where length dimensions take the place of ordinary electric units in recording the electrical data of a machine. The mathematical treatment of the subject should only be considered as giving an idea of the author's intentions and not as an exhaustive mathematical survey of the possibilities and limitations of the method.","PeriodicalId":268640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1923-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127615989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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