Pub Date : 1961-06-25DOI: 10.1270/JSBBS1951.11.100
I. Shojiro
{"title":"Utilizations of heterosis in vegetables","authors":"I. Shojiro","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.11.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.11.100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114525435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the panicle differentiation and time of heading in rice plants","authors":"M. Shimizu","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.10.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.10.52","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1960-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127238065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indigenous varieties gathered from some isolated islands and mountainous parts of Japan, which are thought to be cultured from year to year since near 100 years ago or more, was cultivated and observed their morphological and ecological characters comparing with several improved varieties of Japanese paddy rice and some of upland and foreign rice. The shape of grains of indigenous varietics was almost the same with improved varicties which are the typical Japonica. However, the former have longer culms and spikes than the former. The length of culms, panicle and leaf, the weight of ear, number of rachis branches and tillers of indigenous show wide variations as foreign rice. The plant type of indigenous, as the result, resembles to them. Though the reaction of paddy to phenol and solubility of grains by KOH, which are used as the discriminant characters between the Japonica and Indica type of rice, some of indigenous varieties reveal positlve to phenol and negative to KOH as some of foreign rice. The photoperiodic response and sexual affinlty of thc indigenous rice also investigated on the phylogenic point of wiew. One of them has a large basic vegetative growth hablt and low sensitivity for The sexual afflnities of the short-day treatment. The sexual affinities oh them to 2 Indica varieties ( Surjamukhi and Charnack ) also variates in wide range. The indigenous varieties of Japan seems to have many genotypes in morhological and ecological characters as foreign rice and breeders in Japan improved them to the special genotypes having the short culm, many Spikes, awnless and short-narrow leaves.
{"title":"Some characters of indigenous ricc varietics in Japan.","authors":"T. Matsuo, Koichi Hasegawa, Tetsuya Yamada","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.9.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.9.93","url":null,"abstract":"Indigenous varieties gathered from some isolated islands and mountainous parts of Japan, which are thought to be cultured from year to year since near 100 years ago or more, was cultivated and observed their morphological and ecological characters comparing with several improved varieties of Japanese paddy rice and some of upland and foreign rice. The shape of grains of indigenous varietics was almost the same with improved varicties which are the typical Japonica. However, the former have longer culms and spikes than the former. The length of culms, panicle and leaf, the weight of ear, number of rachis branches and tillers of indigenous show wide variations as foreign rice. The plant type of indigenous, as the result, resembles to them. Though the reaction of paddy to phenol and solubility of grains by KOH, which are used as the discriminant characters between the Japonica and Indica type of rice, some of indigenous varieties reveal positlve to phenol and negative to KOH as some of foreign rice. The photoperiodic response and sexual affinlty of thc indigenous rice also investigated on the phylogenic point of wiew. One of them has a large basic vegetative growth hablt and low sensitivity for The sexual afflnities of the short-day treatment. The sexual affinities oh them to 2 Indica varieties ( Surjamukhi and Charnack ) also variates in wide range. The indigenous varieties of Japan seems to have many genotypes in morhological and ecological characters as foreign rice and breeders in Japan improved them to the special genotypes having the short culm, many Spikes, awnless and short-narrow leaves.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"178 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1959-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131571965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Histochemical anomalies in anther tissues of rice plant, Oryza sativa L., under artificial low temperature conditions with reference to the intervarietal difference in cold resistance.","authors":"K. Murakami, K. Kawaguchi, U. Mizushima","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.8.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.8.119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124872927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1958-03-15DOI: 10.1270/JSBBS1951.13.143
Torataro Tamai, S. Tokumasu, K. Shinohara
(1) There are several species, varieties or strains of fragrant Pelargon;ium which are utilized fcr the production of commercial geranium oil. In Japan Pelargonium roseulee WILLD. was introduced in 1954 for the purpose of increasing production of the oil and its cultivation is now being spread. Previously the leading species cultivated was Pelargoniulec denticulatum. Both species are commonly sterile and do not bear any fruit owing to the complete absence of their fertile pollen. Judging from a stand-point of Pelargoniulmbreeding, it is, especially desirable that such sterile species be able to produce seeds. With the object of breeding Pelargoleiulee species, we attempted to establish the artificial tetr:aploid strain of P. roseum and succeeded. Moreover, we were able to obtain fertility in this species in company with tetraploidy. In this paper we will report briefly on the pr ocess tf cclchicine treatment and some characteristics of the induced tetraploid. (2) Lateral leaf-buds of a cutting of P. roseum, variety called "Bourbon", which was grown in the propagation house, were treated with water solution of 0.3 % colchicine during a week in January of 1956. At the flowering season in April, there appeared some large fertile flowers upon one of the treated branches, in striking contrast to small sterile Llowers of diploid. The branch bearing large flowers proved to be of tetraploidy by the examination of size of stomata of the leaves. Plants were propagated not only by cuttings of the tetraploid branch, but also by sowing seeds obtained from the large flowers .
{"title":"Studies on the breeding of Pelargonium species used for the essential oil production. : II. Artificially induced tetraploid plant in Pelargoleium deleticulatum.","authors":"Torataro Tamai, S. Tokumasu, K. Shinohara","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.13.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.13.143","url":null,"abstract":"(1) There are several species, varieties or strains of fragrant Pelargon;ium which are utilized fcr the production of commercial geranium oil. In Japan Pelargonium roseulee WILLD. was introduced in 1954 for the purpose of increasing production of the oil and its cultivation is now being spread. Previously the leading species cultivated was Pelargoniulec denticulatum. Both species are commonly sterile and do not bear any fruit owing to the complete absence of their fertile pollen. Judging from a stand-point of Pelargoniulmbreeding, it is, especially desirable that such sterile species be able to produce seeds. With the object of breeding Pelargoleiulee species, we attempted to establish the artificial tetr:aploid strain of P. roseum and succeeded. Moreover, we were able to obtain fertility in this species in company with tetraploidy. In this paper we will report briefly on the pr ocess tf cclchicine treatment and some characteristics of the induced tetraploid. (2) Lateral leaf-buds of a cutting of P. roseum, variety called \"Bourbon\", which was grown in the propagation house, were treated with water solution of 0.3 % colchicine during a week in January of 1956. At the flowering season in April, there appeared some large fertile flowers upon one of the treated branches, in striking contrast to small sterile Llowers of diploid. The branch bearing large flowers proved to be of tetraploidy by the examination of size of stomata of the leaves. Plants were propagated not only by cuttings of the tetraploid branch, but also by sowing seeds obtained from the large flowers .","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127053008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is necessary to make clear the action of embryo factor which is closely related to growth of the very young embryo in plants, for establishing the technique of ile vitro culture of the plant embryo. In this report, the author has studied action of auxin and embryo factor on embryonic growth. The growth of embryo of cucumber in a medium containing malt extract or Cucurbita endosperm extract, showed the existance of embryo factor in malt extract and also Cucurbita endosperm extract (cf. photo. 2) . By means of avena curvature method, it was shown that embryo and endosperm of Cucurbita makima contained the free auxin and bound auxin (alkali released) at all stages of seed development (cf. table l). and also the above mentioned malt extract and endosperm extract of Cucurbita contained both the free a ?? d bound auxin (cf. table 2). Therefore, the author thinks t'nat the auxin plays a very important role in the growth of embryo. Then the growth of embryo of cucumber (1ate heat stage-early torpedo stage) in a medium containing IAA and also in a medium containing embryo factor, had been compared from morphological and histological point of view. In morphological observation, the, fomer (only high concentration ; IAA 2 ppm. ) was similar to the later (cf. table 3) . In histological observation, only cell elongation was recog, nized in using IAA, but in using embryo factor, both the cell elongation and cell division were recognized (photo 3, 4) . And then, the existance of starch grain in the cells of cultured embryo showed that the action of embryo factor is related to the action of auxin. So the author thinks the embryo factor contains auxin and other factors which accelerate the cell division in plant embryo.
{"title":"Studies on embryo Culture in plants. : I On the action of auxln and embryo factor on embryonic growth .","authors":"T. Nakajima","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.7.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.7.161","url":null,"abstract":"It is necessary to make clear the action of embryo factor which is closely related to growth of the very young embryo in plants, for establishing the technique of ile vitro culture of the plant embryo. In this report, the author has studied action of auxin and embryo factor on embryonic growth. The growth of embryo of cucumber in a medium containing malt extract or Cucurbita endosperm extract, showed the existance of embryo factor in malt extract and also Cucurbita endosperm extract (cf. photo. 2) . By means of avena curvature method, it was shown that embryo and endosperm of Cucurbita makima contained the free auxin and bound auxin (alkali released) at all stages of seed development (cf. table l). and also the above mentioned malt extract and endosperm extract of Cucurbita contained both the free a ?? d bound auxin (cf. table 2). Therefore, the author thinks t'nat the auxin plays a very important role in the growth of embryo. Then the growth of embryo of cucumber (1ate heat stage-early torpedo stage) in a medium containing IAA and also in a medium containing embryo factor, had been compared from morphological and histological point of view. In morphological observation, the, fomer (only high concentration ; IAA 2 ppm. ) was similar to the later (cf. table 3) . In histological observation, only cell elongation was recog, nized in using IAA, but in using embryo factor, both the cell elongation and cell division were recognized (photo 3, 4) . And then, the existance of starch grain in the cells of cultured embryo showed that the action of embryo factor is related to the action of auxin. So the author thinks the embryo factor contains auxin and other factors which accelerate the cell division in plant embryo.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130880376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the previous paper the author made an observation on rapid growth in induced hexaploid Edgeworthia papyrifera. Edgeworthia papyrifera is divided into two or three races, an'.ong which Shizuoka-race is t.he most widespread one and Kochi-race is of the most superior quality. They are both tetraploid, but genom constitution are partly different from each other. An octaploid plant of Shizuoka-race was induced by treatment with coicllicine and many hexaploid plants were obtained from its cross with tetraploid. Some economic characters of hexaploid plants were compared with those of Shizuoka and Kochi races. In this investigation four year old plants were used. As can be seen in Table 1, yield of green bark weight and the -white bark (partly refined bark without outer colored layer) ratios m hexaploids were the high st of the other two races. The finai yield of white bark reached more than twice that of Shizuoka-race. The ratio of the effective fibers (Table 2) was also found to be the, highest in the hexaploid. Its fibers were longer than those of the other two races, and thicker in diameter than those of Shizuoka-race, . The strength (the breaking length and the bursting strength ratio) of the paper made from them was measured. The results showed that the strength of the paper made from hexaploid plants was much the others better than that from Sizuoka-race and even exceeded the Kochi-race. In short, the hexaploid plants are qmte supenor not only m thelr yleld of bark or fibers but also in their quality.
{"title":"Studies on the breeding of trees of special use. (5) : On the yield of bark and the quality of its fiber and paper in the hexaploid Mitumata (Edgeworlhia papyrifera).","authors":"K. Nakahira, T. Etoo","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.7.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.7.157","url":null,"abstract":"In the previous paper the author made an observation on rapid growth in induced hexaploid Edgeworthia papyrifera. Edgeworthia papyrifera is divided into two or three races, an'.ong which Shizuoka-race is t.he most widespread one and Kochi-race is of the most superior quality. They are both tetraploid, but genom constitution are partly different from each other. An octaploid plant of Shizuoka-race was induced by treatment with coicllicine and many hexaploid plants were obtained from its cross with tetraploid. Some economic characters of hexaploid plants were compared with those of Shizuoka and Kochi races. In this investigation four year old plants were used. As can be seen in Table 1, yield of green bark weight and the -white bark (partly refined bark without outer colored layer) ratios m hexaploids were the high st of the other two races. The finai yield of white bark reached more than twice that of Shizuoka-race. The ratio of the effective fibers (Table 2) was also found to be the, highest in the hexaploid. Its fibers were longer than those of the other two races, and thicker in diameter than those of Shizuoka-race, . The strength (the breaking length and the bursting strength ratio) of the paper made from them was measured. The results showed that the strength of the paper made from hexaploid plants was much the others better than that from Sizuoka-race and even exceeded the Kochi-race. In short, the hexaploid plants are qmte supenor not only m thelr yleld of bark or fibers but also in their quality.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1958-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133972847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the improvement of crop p. Iants by hybridization., it is desrrable that he parental varieties sh, ould differ from each other with regard to as many pairs of genes as possible when q, u:antitative characters are concerned. The genetic make-up of varieties closely related are likely to be very similar and that of remotely related ones likely to be dissimilar- Any survey or potential parental material should, therefore, take into account the relationship among the strains under consideraticn. Thus, in the case of autogamous plants, it is desirable for the breeder to know how varieties grown in his breeding nursery are related to each other .
{"title":"Theoretical studies on plant breeding technique. V. Coefficient of relationship in the breeding of autogamous plants.","authors":"K. Sakai","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.7.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.7.87","url":null,"abstract":"In the improvement of crop p. Iants by hybridization., it is desrrable that he parental varieties sh, ould differ from each other with regard to as many pairs of genes as possible when q, u:antitative characters are concerned. The genetic make-up of varieties closely related are likely to be very similar and that of remotely related ones likely to be dissimilar- Any survey or potential parental material should, therefore, take into account the relationship among the strains under consideraticn. Thus, in the case of autogamous plants, it is desirable for the breeder to know how varieties grown in his breeding nursery are related to each other .","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1957-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133563718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This experiment was carried out in the National Kanto-Tosan Agricultural Experiment Station, in 1952. One hundred and twelve varieties including the native and improved varieties, collected from various districts in Japan, were used as materials. As a parL of pedolo-ecologlcal studies on the soy-bean varieties, ' the oxidizing power of roots was compared. The results obtained are summarized as follows :
{"title":"Pedolo-ecological studies on soy-bean varieties. : (I) Intervarietal variation on the oxidizing power of roots.","authors":"J. Fukui","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.6.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.6.88","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was carried out in the National Kanto-Tosan Agricultural Experiment Station, in 1952. One hundred and twelve varieties including the native and improved varieties, collected from various districts in Japan, were used as materials. As a parL of pedolo-ecologlcal studies on the soy-bean varieties, ' the oxidizing power of roots was compared. The results obtained are summarized as follows :","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1956-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122899131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In previous papers we have already discussed about (1) the development by tetraploids and (2) the development by direct selection. But in this one we are going to described about (3) the development by hybridization. Hybridizations were made between the varieries (A) Tokado and Daruma, (B) Daruma and Beikan and also by (C) three-way-crossing, and we have got two new Fusariulee-wilt resistant varieties developed from (B) and (C). Materials and Methods Varieties. (1) Daruma (D) : An excellent commercial fiber-using variety. This was considered previously as susceptible, because the population of this variety, used as parents of these hybrids, was nighly susceptible to the wilt. Later, some resistant lines weredeveloped from the progenies of this population as shown in report 2. (II) Tokado (T) : A Formosan edible variety of poor fiber. This had been considered as a highly resistant variety. In our recent research, it was infected by inoculation in seedling stage. Mature plants also were injured in September by wilt together with nematode rootknot. (III) Beikan (B) : A Formosan edible variety not suitable for fibber-quality as these fibers are too short, thick and at the sametime coa, rse. But it has been considered as a resistant variety. About 70% of the Beikan population, used in the hybridizations, survived under the infected field condition. (IV) Tsurukubi (Tu) : A fiber-using variety having somewhat longer and weaker fiber than Daruma. It has been considered as a perfect susceptible variety. Methods. Methods used in this research were the same as in report 2, except the crossing practice. First, intervarietal crossing was used. Then, seeds were grown by selfing after F2 generation.
{"title":"Studies on the breeding of Fusarium-wilt resistant varieties; of sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica. ROEM) : III On the development by hybridization","authors":"S. Shinohara, Tadao Takehi, M. Kawamura, M. Sano","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.6.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.6.56","url":null,"abstract":"In previous papers we have already discussed about (1) the development by tetraploids and (2) the development by direct selection. But in this one we are going to described about (3) the development by hybridization. Hybridizations were made between the varieries (A) Tokado and Daruma, (B) Daruma and Beikan and also by (C) three-way-crossing, and we have got two new Fusariulee-wilt resistant varieties developed from (B) and (C). Materials and Methods Varieties. (1) Daruma (D) : An excellent commercial fiber-using variety. This was considered previously as susceptible, because the population of this variety, used as parents of these hybrids, was nighly susceptible to the wilt. Later, some resistant lines weredeveloped from the progenies of this population as shown in report 2. (II) Tokado (T) : A Formosan edible variety of poor fiber. This had been considered as a highly resistant variety. In our recent research, it was infected by inoculation in seedling stage. Mature plants also were injured in September by wilt together with nematode rootknot. (III) Beikan (B) : A Formosan edible variety not suitable for fibber-quality as these fibers are too short, thick and at the sametime coa, rse. But it has been considered as a resistant variety. About 70% of the Beikan population, used in the hybridizations, survived under the infected field condition. (IV) Tsurukubi (Tu) : A fiber-using variety having somewhat longer and weaker fiber than Daruma. It has been considered as a perfect susceptible variety. Methods. Methods used in this research were the same as in report 2, except the crossing practice. First, intervarietal crossing was used. Then, seeds were grown by selfing after F2 generation.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1956-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133928370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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