The intragenotypic varlability of a quantitative character can be measured in two ways : (1) variation of mean phenotype to different enviornments and known. as phenotypic plasticity. The latter is generally attributed to developmental instability which is assumed to be due to accidents in the developmental processes of individual plants and unrelated to external environmental conditions. The genetic analysis of the intragenotypic variability for plant height was carried out by mea.ns of complete diallel crosses of six inbred lines in rustica tobacco (Nicotiana rustica L.) under seven conditions. The magnitude of inter-plant variation of plant height was estimated from standard deviation within plot.
数量性状的显型内变异可以用两种方法来衡量:(1)平均表型对不同环境和已知环境的变异。表现型可塑性。后者通常归因于发育不稳定，这被认为是由于单个植物发育过程中的意外事件，与外部环境条件无关。采用遗传分析方法对株高的种内变异进行遗传分析。在7种条件下，对俄罗斯烟草(Nicotiana rustica L.) 6个自交系的完全双列杂交进行了研究。利用样地内的标准差估计株高的株际变异幅度。
{"title":"Diallel Analysis of Genotype-Environment Interaction for Phenotypic Expressions of a Quantitative Character in Nicotiana rustica L.","authors":"H. Miura, Y. Shimamoto, C. Tsuda","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.36.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.36.54","url":null,"abstract":"The intragenotypic varlability of a quantitative character can be measured in two ways : (1) variation of mean phenotype to different enviornments and known. as phenotypic plasticity. The latter is generally attributed to developmental instability which is assumed to be due to accidents in the developmental processes of individual plants and unrelated to external environmental conditions. The genetic analysis of the intragenotypic variability for plant height was carried out by mea.ns of complete diallel crosses of six inbred lines in rustica tobacco (Nicotiana rustica L.) under seven conditions. The magnitude of inter-plant variation of plant height was estimated from standard deviation within plot.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131756415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photosynthetic efficiencies of rice under humid and dry conditions, as affected by varietal difference in leaf areal nitrogen content","authors":"S. Tsunoda, M. Singh","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.36.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.36.22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123418056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-12-01DOI: 10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.429
W. Marubashi, T. Nakajima
Interspecific hybrids between Nicotiana tabacum (=) and N.rustica can not be obtained by conventional crossing because of cross-incompatibilit.y. Two techniques, test-tube pollination and ovule culture, were combined to overcome cross-incompatible combination. Whole placentae with intact ovules of N.tabacum were pollinated in vitro by dusting pollen grains of N.rustica. Developed ovules were excised from the placentae and transferred to ovule culture. Finally, 12 hybrid plants were obtained by the combination of these two techniques. The hybrid plants were intermediate between their parents in their morphological appearance and had 48 chromosomes which were the additive sum of the haploid chromosomes of the parents. They failed to produce fertile pollen and were completely self-sterile. A fertile chromosome-doubled hybrid was obtained by colchicine treatment. From the results, it is considered that the combination of two techniques, test-tube pollination and ovule culture, is useful for overcoming cross-incompatibility between distantly related species.
{"title":"Overcoming Cross-incompatibility between Nicotiana tabacum L. and N.rustica L. by Test-tube Pollination and Ovule Culture","authors":"W. Marubashi, T. Nakajima","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.429","url":null,"abstract":"Interspecific hybrids between Nicotiana tabacum (=) and N.rustica can not be obtained by conventional crossing because of cross-incompatibilit.y. Two techniques, test-tube pollination and ovule culture, were combined to overcome cross-incompatible combination. Whole placentae with intact ovules of N.tabacum were pollinated in vitro by dusting pollen grains of N.rustica. Developed ovules were excised from the placentae and transferred to ovule culture. Finally, 12 hybrid plants were obtained by the combination of these two techniques. The hybrid plants were intermediate between their parents in their morphological appearance and had 48 chromosomes which were the additive sum of the haploid chromosomes of the parents. They failed to produce fertile pollen and were completely self-sterile. A fertile chromosome-doubled hybrid was obtained by colchicine treatment. From the results, it is considered that the combination of two techniques, test-tube pollination and ovule culture, is useful for overcoming cross-incompatibility between distantly related species.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125011241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-12-01DOI: 10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.390
K. Aruga, T. Nakajima
In order to define the role of anther on the pollen embryogenesis in anther culture of tobacco, the presence or absence of starch granules, amount of soluble sugars and content of free amino acids in cultured anthers were investigated through comparing with those in in vivo anthers. Starch granules in the tissues of cultured anthers disappeared rapidly, and the amount of soluble sugars also decreased soon after the onset of culture. Only a very small amount of soluble sugars was detected during the first 6 days of culture although sucrose was supplemented to the medium. On the 8th day of anther culture, the amount of soluble sugars, especially sucrose increased. It is known that pollen embryogenesis of tobacco can be induced under condition of sugar starvation in the culture medium. These results indicate that in the initial period of culture, the conchtions of the anther loculus are favorable for the induction of pollen embryogenesis. From the results of free amino acid analysis of cultured anthers, it was revealed that large amounts of glutamine and asparagine were present in cultured anthers on the 10 th day of culture when cell division leading to embryo formation began in cultured anther, although no amino acid was supplemented to the medium. It has been reported that certain amino acids such as glutamine and asparagine were essential to undergo cell dlvision leading to embryo formation from pollen grains of tobacco. Therefore, the results indicate that the amino acids required for embryo formation are supplied to pollen grains by cultured anthers. The present results revealed that the factors required for the process of pollen embryogenesis were successively provided to pollen grains by cultured anthers. It is concluded that satisfactory conditions of cultured anthers are the key points of the efficient formation of pollen embryos in anther culture of tobacco.
{"title":"Role of Anther on Pollen Embryogenesis in Anther Culture of Nicotiana tabacum L.","authors":"K. Aruga, T. Nakajima","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.390","url":null,"abstract":"In order to define the role of anther on the pollen embryogenesis in anther culture of tobacco, the presence or absence of starch granules, amount of soluble sugars and content of free amino acids in cultured anthers were investigated through comparing with those in in vivo anthers. Starch granules in the tissues of cultured anthers disappeared rapidly, and the amount of soluble sugars also decreased soon after the onset of culture. Only a very small amount of soluble sugars was detected during the first 6 days of culture although sucrose was supplemented to the medium. On the 8th day of anther culture, the amount of soluble sugars, especially sucrose increased. It is known that pollen embryogenesis of tobacco can be induced under condition of sugar starvation in the culture medium. These results indicate that in the initial period of culture, the conchtions of the anther loculus are favorable for the induction of pollen embryogenesis. From the results of free amino acid analysis of cultured anthers, it was revealed that large amounts of glutamine and asparagine were present in cultured anthers on the 10 th day of culture when cell division leading to embryo formation began in cultured anther, although no amino acid was supplemented to the medium. It has been reported that certain amino acids such as glutamine and asparagine were essential to undergo cell dlvision leading to embryo formation from pollen grains of tobacco. Therefore, the results indicate that the amino acids required for embryo formation are supplied to pollen grains by cultured anthers. The present results revealed that the factors required for the process of pollen embryogenesis were successively provided to pollen grains by cultured anthers. It is concluded that satisfactory conditions of cultured anthers are the key points of the efficient formation of pollen embryos in anther culture of tobacco.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130459104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Using eu- and alloplasmic lines of a common wheat cultivar, Chinese Spring, and euplasmic line of cv. Norin 61, the effects of four fertile cytoplasms derived from Aegilops squarrosa, Ae. speltoides, Ae. kotschyi and Ae. vavilovii on the performance and interplant variability of 13 agronomic characters in the F1 and F2 generations of the cross between Chinese Spring and Norin 61 were investigated. The performances and interplant variabilities of both generations were little affected by any of the alien cytoplasms, but sterility increased slightly by the vavilcvii cytoplasm in the F2 generation. Transgressive segregation attributable to the nucleus × cytoplasm interaction could not be detected in the present F2, in contrast with some positive transgressive segregation observed in the F2 of the cross between two related cultivars, Norin 61 and Norin 26, under the presence of the speltoides and kotschyi cytoplasms (TSUNEWAKI et al. 1985). Neither the heterosis nor the heritability in a broad sense was affected significantly by any alien cytoplasm. The present and previous results suggest that new common wheat genotypes better adapted to an alien cytoplasm than to the wheat cytoplasm might be created step by step, using the hybrids between closely rather than distantly related cultivars.
利用普通小麦品种中国春的异质系和变异小麦的正质系。2011年，对四种可育细胞质的影响进行了研究。speltoides, Ae。kotschyi和Ae。研究了中国春与Norin 61杂交F1、F2代13个农艺性状的表现和间作变率。外源细胞质对两代的性能和间作变率影响不大，但在F2代中，异种细胞质对不育性的影响略有增加。与此相反，在两个亲缘品种Norin 61和Norin 26的杂交中，在有speltoides和kotschyi细胞质存在的情况下，在F2中观察到一些积极的海侵分离(TSUNEWAKI et al. 1985)。外源细胞质对杂种优势和广义遗传力均无显著影响。目前和以往的研究结果表明，利用近缘品种而不是远缘品种之间的杂交，可以逐步创造出更适应外源细胞质而不是小麦细胞质的普通小麦基因型。
{"title":"Increasing genetic variability in common wheat by utilization of alien cytoplasms - Cytoplasmic effects on the performance and interplant variability of the F1 and F2 generations of the cross, Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring*cv. Norin 61.","authors":"P. Spetsov, K. Yonezawa, K. Tsunewaki","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.37.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.37.29","url":null,"abstract":"Using eu- and alloplasmic lines of a common wheat cultivar, Chinese Spring, and euplasmic line of cv. Norin 61, the effects of four fertile cytoplasms derived from Aegilops squarrosa, Ae. speltoides, Ae. kotschyi and Ae. vavilovii on the performance and interplant variability of 13 agronomic characters in the F1 and F2 generations of the cross between Chinese Spring and Norin 61 were investigated. The performances and interplant variabilities of both generations were little affected by any of the alien cytoplasms, but sterility increased slightly by the vavilcvii cytoplasm in the F2 generation. Transgressive segregation attributable to the nucleus × cytoplasm interaction could not be detected in the present F2, in contrast with some positive transgressive segregation observed in the F2 of the cross between two related cultivars, Norin 61 and Norin 26, under the presence of the speltoides and kotschyi cytoplasms (TSUNEWAKI et al. 1985). Neither the heterosis nor the heritability in a broad sense was affected significantly by any alien cytoplasm. The present and previous results suggest that new common wheat genotypes better adapted to an alien cytoplasm than to the wheat cytoplasm might be created step by step, using the hybrids between closely rather than distantly related cultivars.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130457570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-09-01DOI: 10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.340
T. Endo, M. Ihara
{"title":"Notes On Extractant-Dependent Leaf Peroxidase and Malate Dehydrogenase Zymograms from Twenty Plant Species","authors":"T. Endo, M. Ihara","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.340","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116339609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1985-06-01DOI: 10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.204
Tomohiko Yoshida
Correlation coefficients over cultivars between successive yield tests in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] LAM.) for yield and other agronomic characters were computed from breeding records for about 20 years to evaluate the accuracy of the yield tests. The means of the correlation coefficients between years were from 0.29 to 0.79 for root yield, from 0.58 to 0.88 for dry matter%, from 0.48 to 0.65 for root size, from 0.48 to 0.69 for roots/plant, and from 0.15 to 0.58 for general appearance, etc, . The correlation coefficients were generally higher in tests at advanced stages than at early stages. It was suggested that selection at early stages should emphasize dry matter% or nematode resistance, instead of root yield.
{"title":"Correlation between Successive Yield Tests for Agronomic Characters in Sweet Potato","authors":"Tomohiko Yoshida","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.204","url":null,"abstract":"Correlation coefficients over cultivars between successive yield tests in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] LAM.) for yield and other agronomic characters were computed from breeding records for about 20 years to evaluate the accuracy of the yield tests. The means of the correlation coefficients between years were from 0.29 to 0.79 for root yield, from 0.58 to 0.88 for dry matter%, from 0.48 to 0.65 for root size, from 0.48 to 0.69 for roots/plant, and from 0.15 to 0.58 for general appearance, etc, . The correlation coefficients were generally higher in tests at advanced stages than at early stages. It was suggested that selection at early stages should emphasize dry matter% or nematode resistance, instead of root yield.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121727655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The days to heading of 93 native rice cultivars collected from various locations in Japan weret examined under a short-day (30°C phytotoron, in winter, natural day-length), and a long-day (a paddy field, in summer, natural day-length and temperature) condition. From the clata, varietal variations in the periods of basic vegetative phase (BVP) as shown, by days to heading in shortday condition and in photosensitive phase (PSP) as shown by the difference in days to heading between longday and shortday conclitions were surveyed, so as to learn about the mode of differentiation of early-maturing cultivars in Japan. The cultivars tested were divisible into two groups with a long (75-90r days) and a short (38-75 days) BVP. Among the cultivars with short BVPs, the distribution of PSP, varying from O to 72 days, was trimodal. Among those from areas north of 32N in latitude, PSP decreasecl with increasing latitude of collection site. But no cor-relation between PSP and latitude was found among cultivars from the southwest islands. The early-maturing cultivars (with short BVP and short PSP) distributed throughout Japan alt*nough they were infrequent. The pattern of distribution of native rice cultivars vvith varying BVP and PSP periods seems to reflect the variations in environrnental condition anc'i cropping system under which they have been cultivated so far.
{"title":"Varietal variations in basic vegetative phase and photosensitive phase among Japanese native cultivars of rice","authors":"Yo-ichiro Sato, Kisaburo Hayashi","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.35.72","url":null,"abstract":"The days to heading of 93 native rice cultivars collected from various locations in Japan weret examined under a short-day (30°C phytotoron, in winter, natural day-length), and a long-day (a paddy field, in summer, natural day-length and temperature) condition. From the clata, varietal variations in the periods of basic vegetative phase (BVP) as shown, by days to heading in shortday condition and in photosensitive phase (PSP) as shown by the difference in days to heading between longday and shortday conclitions were surveyed, so as to learn about the mode of differentiation of early-maturing cultivars in Japan. The cultivars tested were divisible into two groups with a long (75-90r days) and a short (38-75 days) BVP. Among the cultivars with short BVPs, the distribution of PSP, varying from O to 72 days, was trimodal. Among those from areas north of 32N in latitude, PSP decreasecl with increasing latitude of collection site. But no cor-relation between PSP and latitude was found among cultivars from the southwest islands. The early-maturing cultivars (with short BVP and short PSP) distributed throughout Japan alt*nough they were infrequent. The pattern of distribution of native rice cultivars vvith varying BVP and PSP periods seems to reflect the variations in environrnental condition anc'i cropping system under which they have been cultivated so far.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132999279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-09-01DOI: 10.1270/JSBBS1951.34.304
H. Ikehashi, H. Araki
Reproductive barriers between distant groups of rice are anticipated to be overcome through a systematic use of widely compatible varieties in breeding programs. For this purpose a total of 74 varieties were screened for compatiblity types in terms of F1 fertility by crossing them to one each of indica and japonica testers. The compatibility of a variety to a tester was rated by pollen and spikelet fertility of the F1 hybrid. The pollen fertility of more than 90 percent and the spikelet fertility of 75-80 percent were rated normal. The compatibility tests showed that the pollen fertility is independent of the spikelet fertility. Therefore, each variety was inspected for four fertility scores, namely, the pollen and the spikelet fertility in each cross to an indica and a japonica tester. Out of 24 Indonesian upland varieties, 15 showed normal pollen fertility with both testers, and normal spikelet fertility with a japonica tester, but gave remarkable spikelet sterility with an indica tester. Six showed semi-sterility in all the four scores. Only one variety, Padi Bujang Pendek revealed normal fertility in all the four scores. The remaing two seemed to belong to an exceptional type. A total of 27 Aus varieties showed many types of compatibility including six varieties of indica type and five of japonica. Five varieties revealed sterility in all the four scores. Only two, Aus 373 and Dular seemed to be widely compatibe. The remaining nine were not classified into any difinite categories. In the test of 15 varieties which are identified tolerant of salinity, drought or peat soil, ten of strongly photoperiod-sensitive varieties were classified into typical indica rice. Two photoperiod-nonsensitiwe varieties were clearly identified to be japonica. In additional tests of some varieties which are notable from previous works, Calotoc, CPSLO 17 and Ketan Nangka were confirmed to be widely compatible. The screening results indicate that the Aus group of rice is a complex of various compatibility types, while a majority of Indonesian upland rices seemed to be of a type which is closer to japonicas rather than iledicas. Only a few varieties were identified as the wide-compatibility type, contrary to the expectation based on earlier works. It was discussed that the upland cultivation has permitted the Aus group to preserve the diverse compatibility types, while photoperiod-sensitive lowland varieties are predominantly of iledica type.
{"title":"Varietal Screening of Compatibility Types Revealed in F1 Fertility of Distant Crosses in Rice","authors":"H. Ikehashi, H. Araki","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.34.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.34.304","url":null,"abstract":"Reproductive barriers between distant groups of rice are anticipated to be overcome through a systematic use of widely compatible varieties in breeding programs. For this purpose a total of 74 varieties were screened for compatiblity types in terms of F1 fertility by crossing them to one each of indica and japonica testers. The compatibility of a variety to a tester was rated by pollen and spikelet fertility of the F1 hybrid. The pollen fertility of more than 90 percent and the spikelet fertility of 75-80 percent were rated normal. The compatibility tests showed that the pollen fertility is independent of the spikelet fertility. Therefore, each variety was inspected for four fertility scores, namely, the pollen and the spikelet fertility in each cross to an indica and a japonica tester. Out of 24 Indonesian upland varieties, 15 showed normal pollen fertility with both testers, and normal spikelet fertility with a japonica tester, but gave remarkable spikelet sterility with an indica tester. Six showed semi-sterility in all the four scores. Only one variety, Padi Bujang Pendek revealed normal fertility in all the four scores. The remaing two seemed to belong to an exceptional type. A total of 27 Aus varieties showed many types of compatibility including six varieties of indica type and five of japonica. Five varieties revealed sterility in all the four scores. Only two, Aus 373 and Dular seemed to be widely compatibe. The remaining nine were not classified into any difinite categories. In the test of 15 varieties which are identified tolerant of salinity, drought or peat soil, ten of strongly photoperiod-sensitive varieties were classified into typical indica rice. Two photoperiod-nonsensitiwe varieties were clearly identified to be japonica. In additional tests of some varieties which are notable from previous works, Calotoc, CPSLO 17 and Ketan Nangka were confirmed to be widely compatible. The screening results indicate that the Aus group of rice is a complex of various compatibility types, while a majority of Indonesian upland rices seemed to be of a type which is closer to japonicas rather than iledicas. Only a few varieties were identified as the wide-compatibility type, contrary to the expectation based on earlier works. It was discussed that the upland cultivation has permitted the Aus group to preserve the diverse compatibility types, while photoperiod-sensitive lowland varieties are predominantly of iledica type.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121879710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-06-01DOI: 10.1270/JSBBS1951.34.156
K. Hattori
Experiments were carried out to determin the relationship between the style shortening observed shortly after pollination and the seed fertility (percent of fertile seeds to the total number of disc florets on each flower head). 1. It was found that the morphological difference existed between shortened style and unshortened style observed shortly after pollination was maintained until the seed maturation. 2. Where times of pollination were varied, both percentage of disc florets with shortened style to the total number of disc florets on each flower head and seed fertility increased with increased time of pollination. Moreover, in the disc florets without the shortened style, no seed was harvested. 3. In the case where self- and cross-pollination were made throughout the whle flowering period, it was observed that the percentage of disc florets with shortened style on each flower head and the seed fertility showed the various values, and the relationship between them was highly and positively correlated. Therefore, it was suggested that crossing for seed production could be done rapidly by observing whether the style shortened or otherwise after pollination. 4. To determine the status of the style shortening in the natural condition, observation on disc florets on each of flower head after open-pollination was carried out. In this case also, the relation between the paercentage of disc florets with shortened style to the total number of disc florets on each flower head and seed fertility was highly and positively correlated. This confirmed that the style shortening observed shortly after compatible pollination was the general phenomenon in the disc floret of chrysanthemum.
{"title":"The Relationship between Seed Fertility and Style Shortening after Pollination in Chrysanthemum","authors":"K. Hattori","doi":"10.1270/JSBBS1951.34.156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/JSBBS1951.34.156","url":null,"abstract":"Experiments were carried out to determin the relationship between the style shortening observed shortly after pollination and the seed fertility (percent of fertile seeds to the total number of disc florets on each flower head). 1. It was found that the morphological difference existed between shortened style and unshortened style observed shortly after pollination was maintained until the seed maturation. 2. Where times of pollination were varied, both percentage of disc florets with shortened style to the total number of disc florets on each flower head and seed fertility increased with increased time of pollination. Moreover, in the disc florets without the shortened style, no seed was harvested. 3. In the case where self- and cross-pollination were made throughout the whle flowering period, it was observed that the percentage of disc florets with shortened style on each flower head and the seed fertility showed the various values, and the relationship between them was highly and positively correlated. Therefore, it was suggested that crossing for seed production could be done rapidly by observing whether the style shortened or otherwise after pollination. 4. To determine the status of the style shortening in the natural condition, observation on disc florets on each of flower head after open-pollination was carried out. In this case also, the relation between the paercentage of disc florets with shortened style to the total number of disc florets on each flower head and seed fertility was highly and positively correlated. This confirmed that the style shortening observed shortly after compatible pollination was the general phenomenon in the disc floret of chrysanthemum.","PeriodicalId":270267,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of breeding","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132484285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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